高考英语知识点专项之语法--13非谓语动词(含详细解析)

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名称 高考英语知识点专项之语法--13非谓语动词(含详细解析)
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高考英语知识点专项之13动词(动词短语)—非谓语动词(含详细解析)
一、单项选择
1.That was a terrible night . The rain was pouring down, _________ thunder and lightning.
A. being accompanied by B. accompanied by C. accompanying D. accompanies
2.With the victory at the French Open, Li Na has reached NO.4 in the world, ______ the previous Asian record.
A.equaled B.equaling
C.to have equaled D.having equaled
3.We hurried to the station, _________ the train was gone.
A. find B. finding C. found D. only to find
4.In the beginning,the man refused to say anything about the lost car,but he had to admit ________ it because of the solid proofs.
A. stolen B. stealing
C. to steal D. to have stolen
5.You’d better ______ it as soon as possible. We have a lot of work to do.
A finished B finish C to finish D finishes
6. His spare time is made full use_______ law.
A. to study B. study C. of studying D. of to study
7.My spoken English was poor and you can imagine what great difficulty I had ______ myself understood.
A. make B. to make C. made D. making
8.Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier into small pieces.
A. break B. breaking C. broken D. to break
9._______ in a friendly way, their quarrel came to an end.
A. Being settled B. Settled
C. Settling D. Having settled
10.The stone bridge __________ last year is very beautiful.
A . built B. was built C . being built D .to be built
11.This problem is said _______ three times, but he still can’t understand it.
A. to have been explaining B. to have explained
C. having been explained D. to have been explained
12.Many things _____ impossible in the past are quite common today.
A. having being considered B. considered
C. are considered D. considering
13.Outside the exit, many fans waited for the great pop singer, _______to take a picture with him.
A. hoping B. hope C. hoped D. to hope
14.Under the environment of fierce competition, the only way John could imagine____stress was to get tougher by making greater efforts.
A. handling B. to handle C. handled D. having handled
15.______ which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.
A. Not knowing B. Knowing not C. Not known D. Known not
16.Tsinghua?University,?_____in?1911,?is?home?to?a?great?number?of?outstanding?figures.
A. found??????? B.?founding???? ?C.?founded??????????????D.?to?be?founded
17.George returned after the war, only _______ that his wife had left him.
A.?to?be?told?????? B.?telling??????? C.?being?told???????
18.I saw Tom _____ into the classroom without _____.
A. slide; found B. sliding; find
C. sliding; being found D. to slide; being found
19.The boss insisted that every minute ______ made full use of ______ the work well.
A. be; to do B. was; doing C. be ; doing D. was ; to do
20.Look?over?there—there’s?a?very?long,?winding?path_________?up?to?the?house.
A.?leading ? ?????? B.?leads?????? ?C.?led???????????????????? D.?to?lead
21.He walked directly towards her, and spoke to her in a low voice to avoid _____ by others.
A. to hear???B. hearing???C. to be heard???D. being heard
22._____ the gate of the park, you’ll see a high tower on your left.
A. Approaching B. Approached C. Closing D. Closed
23.Having been attacked by terrorists, _____.
A. doctors came to their rescue
B. the tall building collapsed
C. an emergency measure was taken
D. warnings were given to tourists
24.___many times, the determined man didn’t give up and was finally offered a position in the firm.
A. Being refused B. Refusing C. Having been refused D. To be refused
25.I suggested that the problem _____as soon as possible.
A. referred to being solved B. referred be solved
C. referred to be solved D. referred should be solved
26.It is requested that the reporter ____ to blame for the wrong report.
A. referring to B. referring to as C. referred to be D. referred to being
27.___________ in the leg made it impossible for me to walk as fast as usual.
A. Being injured B. To be injured
C. Having injured D. Injured
28.With the door ___________ on, the thief’s heart __________ faster.
A. knocked, beat B. being knocked, beat
C. being knocked, hit D. beat, hit
29.The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the ________.
A. 20 dollars remained B. 20 dollars to remain
C. remained 20 dollars D. remaining 20 dollars
30.Stop_____ this kind of deer. They are_________.
hunting; dying away B. to hunt; dying out
C. hunting; dying out D. hunting; dying down
31.__________ the global financial crisis, the Chinese government has taken many measures _______ people ‘s life to deal with it.
A. Faced with; related B. Faced; relating to
C. Faced with; relating D. Facing, related to
32.While watching television,____.
A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings
C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings
33.In the reading-room, we found Winifred ____at a desk, with her attention _____on a novel.
A.sitting; fixing B.seating; fixed
C.sitting; fixed D.seated; fixing
34.You must get the work ___ before Friday.
A. do B. to do C. doing D. done
35.While cleaning the snow on the road, _________.
A. a wallet was found on the ground. B. a wallet appeared on the ground.
C. I found a wallet lying on the ground. D. I found a wallet laid on the ground.
36.Mr. Smith suggested the problem worth paying attention ______ at the meeting.
A. to be discussed B. to being discussed C. being discussed D. be discussed
37.The next thing he saw was smoke ________ from behind the house.
A rose B to rise C rising D risen
38. ˉWhat will happen if I smoke here?
ˉAnyone______ here will be punished.
A. seeing smoke B seeing smoke
C. seen smoking D. seen smoke
39.An earthquake of 9 magnitude struck off the coast of Japan on Friday, ________ thousands of people dead and more missing.
A .caused B. causing C. having caused D. to cause
40.______ more visitors, the Beijing Garden Expo Park gives roses to visiting couples.
A. Attracted B. Attracting C. To attract D. Having attracted
二、完型填空
41..The dying old man opened his mouth as if ___ something.
A.to say B.saying C.to have said D.was saying.
42.With the second ring road overpass _______ at present in Chengdu, the local citizens have to choose another way to avoid traffic jam.
A. being constructed B. to construct
C. to be constructed D. to be constructed
三、信息匹配
43.The singer felt satified with her song well recording.
A B C D
44.The building will be built next year will be a new factory.
A B C D
45.The room was too cold for a ninety-year-old woman to live in, so they made a fire to get the temperature risen.
46.Don't you think it necessary pay back the money you borrowed when you paid for the
A B C D
education?
47.The teacher required us to spend more time in listening to tapes and to speak English out
A B C D
of class.
48.Seated himself in a chair, he began to look through the paper and suddenly he heard a
A B C D
knock at ther door.
49.There will be more than two hundred artists to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.
A B C D
四、其他
50.He was meant_________(be) a doctor.(第一单元)
参考答案
1.B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:那是一个可怕的晚上,下着倾盆大雨还伴随着电闪雷鸣。因为整个句子已经有谓语动词was pouring,所以空格处用非谓语动词;这里是The rain与accompany是被动关系,故用过去分词,故选B。
考点:考查非谓语动词的用法。
点评:本题难度适中。非谓语动词是高中语法项目的重难点之一,需要考生能够理解该题的语言环境,进而作出正确的判断。会判断非谓语动词与它的逻辑主语之间是什么关系,需要考生掌握非谓语动词的不同形式的用法区别等。这里考生容易误选C。
即学即练:Dinosaurs have completely died out on the earth,never _________ again.
A. to be seen??????????????????? B. being seen
C. seen????????????????????????? D. having been seen
解析:A。考查不定式短语作结果状语的用法。never to be seen again,意为:结果再也没有人见过。
2.B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:由于李娜在法网公开赛上的胜利,她达到世界第四位,与亚洲以前的记录持平。equal, vt.等于; 比得上;使相等;这里是非谓语动词的形式,equal与Li Na之间是主动关系,故选B。
考点:考查非谓语动词的用法。
点评:本题难度适中。非谓语动词是近几年高考的热点,需要考生能够理解该题的语言环境,进而作出正确的判断。会判断非谓语动词与它的逻辑主语之间是什么关系,需要考生掌握非谓语动词的不同形式的用法区别等。
即学即练:I feel upset,for there are so many troublesome problems __________.
A. remaining to settle??????????????? B. remained to settle
C. remaining to be settled??????????? D. remained to be settled
解析:C。考查现在分词作定语,修饰problems,意为:我很失望,因为有这么多的麻烦事要解决。
3.D
【解析】
试题分析:考查非谓语动词做状语的用法。不定式通常和only连用表示意料之外的结果;现在分词通常表示意料之中的结果。句意:我们匆忙地赶到车站,结果却发现火车走了。根据句意说明火车走了是在我们意料之外的,故使用only to find,故D正确。
考点:考查非谓语动词做结果状语
点评:非谓语动词做结果状语是考查的重点内容,不定式通常和only连用表示意料之外的结果;现在分词通常表示意料之中的结果。
4.B
【解析】考查动词用法。Admit doing sth承认做某事。故B正确。
5.:B
【解析】:考查动词词组用法。Had better do sth最好做某事。故B正确。
6.D
【解析】
试题分析:考查固定短语和不定式表目的。make full use of sth充分利用,句意:他的空闲时间被充分利用来学习法律。原句可改为:He made full use of his spare time to study law.动词不定式表示目的,故选D。
考点:考查固定短语和不定式表目的
7.D
【解析】
试题分析:句意:我的英语口语很差,你可以想象我让别人明白我的话所遇到的困难。此处解题关键是:have difficulty (in)doing sth这个短语。此处difficulty被提到前面去,I had myself understood.是定语从句,相当于I have difficulty in making myself understood.
考点:考查非谓语动词的用法。
8.D
【解析】
试题分析:考查句型结构,make sth+adj+to do结构,这里的不定式用主动表被动,句意:汤姆问做糖果的人是否能把巧克力弄得更容易弄碎。选D。
考点:考查句型结构
9.B
【解析】
试题分析:考查过去分词用法。句意:用一种友好的方法处理,他们的争吵结束了。Their quarrel与settle构成被动关系,使用过去分词的形式表示被动。故B正确。
考点:考查过去分词的用法
10.A
【解析】
试题分析:句意: 去年建起的那座石桥非常漂亮。空中所填的词做的是The stone bridge的定语,而石桥是被人来建造的,所以用过去分词表示被动完成之意,故选A.
考点:考查非谓语动词的用法。
11.D
【解析】
试题分析:句意:这个问题被解释了三次了,但是他还是不明白。这里是sth be said to do,故排除C;这里This problem与explain之间是被动关系,故排除AB;根据句意故选D。
考点:考查非谓语动词的用法。
12.B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:很多在过去被认为是不可能事情在今天很常见。此空位于things后,与things之间是被动关系,故用过去分词做定语。having being considered 用做状语,不做定语,故排除A。are considered 是谓语动词形式,故排除C;considering是现在分词表示主动,故排除D。故选B。
考点:考查非谓语动词的用法。
13.A
【解析】
试题分析:现在分词短语作伴随状语,跟主句谓语动词同时发生;动词不定式用来作目的或结果状语;
横线前面是逗号,故不是谓语动词,排除B项;句子的主语与非谓语动词存在逻辑上的主谓关系,故排
除C项。句意:在出口的外面,很多歌迷等待着他们心中伟大的流行歌手,希望能和他合影。
考点:非谓语动词
14.B
【解析】
试题分析:考查非谓语动词。句子中John could imagine 做的是the only way的定语成分,此处为 the only way to do sth 的结构。句意:在激烈的竞争环境下,约翰能够想象出应付压力的唯一方法就是通过努力变得坚韧。选B。
考点:考查非谓语动词。
15.A
【解析】
试题分析:考查现在分词的否定做状语:句意:不知道上哪个大学,女孩向妈妈征求意见。The girl和know是主动关系,用现在分词作状语,根据句意看是否定含义,否定词Not放在 knowing前面,选A。 考点:考查现在分词的否定做状语
16.C
【解析】
试题分析:句意:成立与1911年的清华大学是很多杰出人物的摇篮。这里需要定语修饰?Tsinghua?University,,而Tsinghua?University和found 成立,之间是被动关系,用过去分词做定语,故选C
考点:考查过去分词做定语
17.A
【解析】
试题分析:句意:George在战争结束以后回来了,结果被告知他的妻子已经离开了他。根据句意说明这是一个意料之外的结果,在非谓语动词中,现在分词做结果状语的时候,表示的是意料之中的结果。不定式和only连用,表示的是意料之外的结果。故A正确。
考点:考查非谓语动词做状语
18.C
【解析】
试题分析:考查动词的复合结构和介词后动词的被动语态。句意:我看到Tom 溜进了教室而且没有被发现。第一空:现在进行时做宾补表示动作正在进行。介词后的被动语态应为being done的形式。
考点:考查动词的复合结构和介词后动词的被动语态。
19.A
【解析】
试题分析:考查虚拟语气和不定式做目的状语:第一空填 be,是因为insisted(坚持要求) 后接that从句,从句谓语要用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气,其中的should也可省略。第二空要填to do,是因为此句谓语为被动语态,假若将此句转换成主动语态,则是 should make full use of every minute to do the work well, 句中涉及 make use of … to do sth (利用……做某事)这一结构。 句意:老板坚持要求每分钟被利用好好工作。选A。
考点:考查虚拟语气和不定式做目的状语
20.A
【解析】
试题分析:句意:看那儿,有一条很长的蜿蜒的通向房子的小路。横线部分需要定语修饰path,因为 Path与lead to构成主动关系,使用现在分词来修饰path。选A。
考点:考查现在分词短语做定语的用法
21.D
【解析】
试题分析: 非谓语动词。考查avoid doing sth 避免做某事。故排除A C项,再根据题意,他直接走向她,小声跟她说话,避免其它人听到。故选D项。
考点 非谓语动词。
22.A
【解析】
试题解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:在你快接近公园门口的时候,你就会在你的左边看到一座高塔。主句与动词是主动关系所以要选v-ing形式,approach接近,close关上。根据意思和结构选A正确。
考点:考查非谓语动词。
23.B
【解析】
试题分析:考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词要和主句共用一个主语。只有B的主语能被分词 使用。根据句意其它都不合适。句意:这座大楼被恐怖分子袭击后就倒塌了。根据句意说明B正确。
考点:考查非谓语动词。
24.C
【解析】
试题分析:考察非谓语动词用法。本题考察了分词做状语,having been done在做状语的时候可以和done互换使用,两者既可以强调被动,也可以强调已经完成。但侧重不同,having been done更多强调的是已经完成,而done更多强调的是被动。 本题中主句主语the determined man与动词refused构成被动关系,故使having been done强调多次被拒绝。句义:尽管多次被拒绝,但这个意志坚定的人没有放弃,最后在公司里得到了一份工作。故C正确。
考点:考察非谓语动词用法
25.C
【解析】
试题分析:考查虚拟语气和非谓语动词。从that可以判断后面是宾语从句, suggest表示“建议”时,后面宾语从句的谓语应该用should +动词原形,should可以省去。而refer to 和problem之间是被动关系,故用referred to ,故C选项正确。句意:我建议那个被提到的问题应该尽快得到解决。
考点:考查虚拟语气和非谓语动词。
26.C
【解析】
试题分析:考查虚拟语气和过去分词做定语:句意:据要求被提到的记者要为错误的报告道歉。refer to “提及”和reporter之间是被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。request 是“要求”, It is requested that后加主语从句时从句用虚拟语气,should可以省略;谓语用be动词原形,省略should,所以选C。
考点:考查虚拟语气和过去分词做定语
27.A
【解析】
试题分析:句意:腿受伤使我不可能走得像平常一样快。容易得知腿是被受到伤害了,故需要用injure的被动式。又因为整个动词短语要做句子的主语,由于只有动名词才可做主语,应当用被动语态的动名词形式being injured做主语。故选A。
考点:考查被动语态和动名词的用法。
28.B
【解析】
试题分析:“敲门”英语表达为“knock on(at) the door”。在with复合结构中“the door”是“knock”的逻辑主语,它们之间存在逻辑上的被动关系,因此用现在分词被动进行式表示“正在被进行的动作”,过去分词则表示“被动已经发生的动作”。指“心脏的跳动”用“beat”。句意:有人在敲门,那个小偷心跳得更快了。
考点:考查非谓语动词用于with复合结构和动词词义的辨析
29.D
【解析】
试题分析:考查现在分词做定语:句意:这个女士说她会用剩下的20美元给女儿买个礼物。由于 remain 为不及物动词,所以包含过去分词 remained的A和C不宜选(因为两者均含有被动意味);选项B也不宜选,不定式to remain 用作修饰 20 dollars 的后置定语,由于彼此之间有逻辑上的动宾关系,故不妥(因为 remain 不及物)。现在分词remaining 的意思是“剩下的”。选D。
考点:考查现在分词做定语
点评:当分词做定语的时候,如果构成分词的动词与名词构成主动关系,就使用现在分词做定语;当二者构成被动关系,使用过去分词做定语。单独的一个分词做定语要放在名词的前面,分词短语做定语要放在分词的后面。
30.C
【解析】
试题分析:考查固定词组。Stop doing sth停止做某事;stop to do sth停下来做另外一个事情;die out灭绝;die away逐渐消失,停止;die down减弱,逐渐平息;句意:宾不要在猎取这种鹿了,他们就要灭绝了。根据句意说明C正确。
考点:考查固定词组
点评:在平时的学习中要把同种类型的短语放在一起比较,如同一个动词+不同的介词/副词;同一个介词/副词+不同的动词。诸如此类的固定短语,属于最基本的知识,如果学生有错误,则应该加强背诵并平时多解题,进而加以巩固.
31.D
【解析】
试题分析:be faced with sth.意为“面临着”,作状语时,要用faced with sth.。facing作状语时,表示面对着或面向,不与介词with连用。to face作目的状语时,表示做某事的目的。be related to 与。。。有关。句意是:中国政府面临全球性金融危机,已采取了许多与民生有关的措施来应对。故选D.
考点:考查非谓语动词作状语和定语。
点评:非谓语动词作状语。它的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。因此关键看它和句子主语之间的关系。如果是和句子主语之间构成主动关系,使用现在分词,若构成被动关系,使用过去分词。但有些过去分词不表被动而表状态,如:seated,located,faced,lost等。
32.C
【解析】
试题分析:考查分词做状语的用法。当分词做状语时,分词的逻辑主语一定是句子的主语,现在分词的逻辑主语是动作的执行者;过去分词的逻辑主语是动作的承受者。本题中使用了watching,说明该动词的逻辑主语也要是句子的主语,选项中只有C项的主语是人,也就是watch television的发出者。故C正确。
考点:考查分词做状语用法
点评:分词做状语是有条件的,当分词做状语时,分词的逻辑主语一定是句子的主语,现在分词的逻辑主语是动作的执行者;过去分词的逻辑主语是动作的承受者。
33.:C
【解析】:考查补足语用法。第一空是对Winifred进行补充说明,Winifred与sit构成主动关系,使用现在分词的形式,或者使用形容词seated。第二空是with的复合结构,her attention与fix构成被动关系,故使用过去分词的形式。句意:在阅览室里,我们发现Winifred坐在桌子旁边,注意力集中在一本小说上。故C正确。
34.:D
【解析】:考查固定用法。Get sth done让某事被做。句意:你一定要在周五之前把工作完成。故D正确。
35.C
【解析】考查状语从句的省略。当状语从句的主语和主句的一致的时候,且谓语动词为be动词时,可以把主语和系动词一起省略。Cleaning的逻辑主语是I,必须是句子的主语。排除AB。Lie与wallet构成主动关系,使用现在分词。排除D项。句意:当我在清扫路上的积雪的时候,我注意到一个钱包躺在地上。故C正确。
36.A
【解析】考查句子结构和语态。形容词短语:worth paying attention to修饰名词the problem.suggest(建议)后面的宾语从句使用虚拟语气should+动词原形,should可以省略本题的be discussed前面就省略了should。根据句意说明应该使用被动语态。句意:斯密斯先生建议值得注意的那个问题应该在会议上被讨论。故A正确。
37.C
【解析】考查分词短语做定语用法。Rising from the house修饰名词smoke,smoke与rise两者之间存在着主动关系,故使用现在分词的形式。句意:他接下来看见的事情是房子后面升起的烟。故C正确。
38.C
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。可补全为“Anyone who is seen smoking”。此处应是被看见抽烟的人,所以A和B项被排除;如选D,应该在smoke前加to。?
39.B
【解析】
试题分析:cause与其逻辑主语An earthquake of 9 magnitude之间是主动关系,故用现在分词作结果状语,且现在分词动作和谓语动词动作不存在时间上的先后顺序,故用现在分词的一般式,故选B。
考点:非谓语动词的用法
点评:解题思路,① 解析句子结构,确定设空在句子中充当的功能(如状语、定语或宾补);②找准相关动词的逻辑主语,确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系(主动还是被动);③ 搜索句子中相关的时间信息,确定非谓语动词的恰当形式;④ 将该选项置入空中,看是否能够做到字从意顺,或是否能传达有效信息、完成交际任务。
40.C
【解析】
试题分析:动词不定式放在句首作目的状语。句意:为了吸引更多的游客,北京花园世博园给成对的游
客夫妇送上玫瑰花。
考点:非谓语动词
41. A
【解析】as if 后可以接不定式,在句中作状语。
42.A
【解析】
试题分析:表示“第二环路立交桥”正在被修建,用现在分词的被动式的一般时,故选A。
考点:非谓语动词的考查
点评:非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词、过去分词和现在分词。非谓语动词不是真正意义上的谓语动词,在句中不能单独作谓语,但具有动词的某些特点,可以有自己的宾语或状语,构成非谓语动词短语,不受主语人称和数的限制(即无人称和数的变化),但有时态和语态的变化。
43.D recording---recorded
【解析】这里用过去分词表示被动。
44.A will be built—to be built
【解析】本句子已经有谓语will be,所以前面要用非谓语动词,to be built意思是:将要被建的。
45.D risen--rising
【解析】这里用现在分词,表示主动。
46.B pay back---to pay back
【解析】to pay back 这是不定式,做真正的主语。
47.C to speak--speaking
【解析】这和前面的listening是并列做介词的宾语。
48.A Seated--Seating
【解析】这里相当when he seated himself…
49.C to attend---attending
【解析】这里用现在分词用定语,相当一个定语从句。
50.to be
【解析】