2023年广东中考英语阅读理解B篇专题训练（无答案）

2023年广东中考英语阅读理解B篇专题训练
A
Jerry is a world-famous mountain climber. He has climbed many high mountains in the world. Starting in 2015, he and his friends spent two years on an adventure (探险) in South America, covering 7,800 miles. He was even named adventurer of the Year by a famous geography magazine in 2018.
Although Jerry had achieved great success, he didn't feel fulfilled. He asked himself, “Is it enough to climb the highest mountains Am I doing something helpful How can I turn my adventures into something that can help the world ”
Jerry learned that scientists need plants, rocks and water samples(样本) from places far away to do research. But scientists can't get there themselves as such places are hard to reach - only the bravest adventurers can make it. Jerry thought he could do something to help. He then came up with an idea. He set up a team of top adventurers to collect samples for scientists. By studying the samples, scientists could know more about the earth and find ways to protect it.
Recently Jerry and his adventurer friends have discovered a special plant life on Mount Qomolangma. The samples they brought back have helped scientists learn how plants live in extreme (极端的) conditions.
For Jerry, this kind of adventure is most satisfying, “Such adventures have made us see life in a different way. Now, being the best climber isn’t important for me. What matters is doing something helpful while climbing mountains. There is still much more we can do.” Jerry said to a newspaper.
1.What is Paragraph 1 mainly about
A.Jerry’s friends.
B.Jerry’s achievements.
C. High mountains.
D. A geography magazine.
2.What does the underlined word “fulfilled” in Paragraph 2 mean
A.Satisfied.
B.Lonely.
C.Patient.
D.Worried.
3.Why did Jerry set up a team of top adventurers
A.To make friends.
B.To help scientists.
C.To study plants.
D.To train scientists.
4.Jerry’s and his friends’ adventures have changed .
A.their hobbies
B.their friendship
C.their understanding of life
D. their living conditions
5.Which can be the best title for the passage
A.Dangerous Mountain Climbing
B.Important Scientific Discoveries
C.Plants Found on High Mountains
D.Adventures Turned into Something Greater
B
According to a research. more than 130 billion pounds of uneaten food go to waste in Laura’s county each year. That is about 30% of the yearly food supply(供应). It is a sad fact, especially when you consider how many families and homeless people are in hunger.
When Laura saw her school dining hall throw away food that was not eaten at all every day. she came up with an idea. She started a project to help her school dining hall to give away uneaten food to homeless shelters (庇护所) in her community. In the past three years, the same protect has spread to other schools and some fast food restaurants throughout the city. The project is called Feed & Find, and has already fed thousands of people in her city.
How does it work Through an app, Feed & Find matches local homeless shelters with school dining halls and restaurants that have uneaten food to provide. When dining halls or restaurants have uneaten food left, they can use the app to share the information about the food. A truck driver working for the project is then sent to pick it up and take it to a shelter.
Pretty cool, right It's not surprising that people in other cities have got in touch with Laura, to hoping that she could help develop similar projects for their communities.
Some people, however, have concerns about the safety of the uneaten food. They think such food may not be clean enough. Still, this project is a clever way to help solve the problem of food waste and it helps those in need.
56.The numbers in Paragraph1 tell us ______.
A. some people are poor B. food waste is serious
C. the population is large D. the research is interesting
57. Laura's project first got food from ______.
A. her school dining hall B. her family
C. a fast food restaurant D. a homeless shelter
58. People in other cities would like Laura to ______.
A. find a truck driver B. visit their communities
C. give away food to them D. help develop projects like hers
59. The underlined word “concerns” in this passage means ______.
A.ways B. secrets C. worries D. decisions
60. Which can be the best title for this passage
A. A Ding Guide App B. A Food Sharing Project
C. Driving Service App D. A Food Safety Project
C
Once there were many thousands of G our ma Desert (沙漠) elephants in Mali, a country in West Africa. Now, there are fewer than four hundred.
Why did the number of the elephants drop so quickly On the one hand, the elephants’ main lake, their only water source (来源), dried up. On the other hand, the land which the elephants lived on was overused by humans.
To protect the elephants’ living environment, the Mali Elephant Project (MEP) was started in 2007. MEP met with local people and helped them make rules of using and water. As a result, the situation became better and there was more food, forest and grassland.
However, from 2012 to 2016, poaching (偷猎) and illegal trade in the elephants increased rapidly. Eighty three elephants were lost in 2015 alone, and another fifty-one elephant were killed in 2016. “If this situation goes on, all the Gourma elephants will be killed by 2020,” said a member of MEP.
Luckily, the voice of MEP was heard. More organizations (组织) have joined together to educate the local people that trading elephants is against the law. Elephant poaching has dropped to a very low level. The local people have learned to live peacefully with the elephants, one of the wildlife treasures in the world.
56. MEP was started to ______.
A. raise more elephants in Mali B. stop the main lake from drying up
C. discover water source for elephants D. protect the elephants’ living environment
57. What does the word “illegal” in Paragraph 4 mean in Chinese
A. 公平的 B. 亏损的 C. 非法的 D. 合理的
58. Eighty-three elephants were lost ______.
A. in 2012 B. in 2015 C. in 2016 D. in 2020
59. We can learn from the last paragraph that ______.
A. the number of organizations has dropped
B. there is much less elephant poaching now
C. the local people keep the elephants at home
D. the whole world live peacefully with elephants
60. This passage is mainly about ______.
A. the rules of using land and water
B. the education of the local people
C. the work of Mali Elephant Project
D. the situation of Gourma Desert elephants
D
In our daily life, robots are often found to do work that is too dangerous, boring, difficult, or dirty. And we often see kids play with toy robots.
But what exactly is a robot There are some important characteristics(特征 ) that a robot must have. These characteristics might help you to decide what is and what is not a robot. It will also help you to decide what you will need to build into a machine before it can be considered as a robot. A robot has these important characteristics.
Sensing First of all, your robot would have to be able to sense the environment around it. Give your robot sensors (传感器)：light sensors( eyes ), touch sensors (hands), chemical sensors(nose), hearing sensors(ears) and taste sensors (tongue).
Movement A robot needs to be able to move around its environment. It can move on wheels, walk on legs or be driven by small engines(发动机). A robot can move either the whole body or just parts of it.
Energy A robot needs to be able to power itself. Some robots might power itself with sunlight,some might with electricity, while others with the battery(电池). The way your robot gets its energy will depend on what your robot needs to do.
Intelligence A robot needs some kind of "smarts". A programmer is the person who gives
the robot its "smarts". The robot will have to have a certain way to receive the program so that it knows what it is to do.
( )1. The underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 is about ____.
A. the toy B the characteristic C. the machine D. the engine
( )2. The chemical sensors may help a robot to ____.
A. see B. catch C. hear D. smell
( )3. In how many ways can a robot power itself according to the passage
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
( )4. The Chinese meaning of "Intelligence" in the last paragraph is ____.
A.能源 B. 勤奋 C. 智能 D. 外观
( )5. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To help people understand what a robot is.
B. To tell what a robot can do in our life.
C. To describe the movement of a robot.
D. To introduce the history of robots.
E
There's much to see under the sea, but you need to remember that light behaves differently in water than in air.（主题句） The objects appear closer to you than they exactly are. You might find yourself reaching out to touch something and completely missing it.
Objects under water will appear larger than they would on the surface, too. Be careful not to tell any stories about the big fish that got away. That fish might not be so big after all! It’s just because sometimes things can seem to be as much as about 33 percent bigger in water!
What’s more, in deeper water, colors just don't seem as bright. In fact, it looks as if some colors are missing. Remember the color of an object results from the wavelengths(波长) of light that are reflected(反射) from its surface. And light is taken in as it moves down through the water.
Swimmers wear wet suits to keep warm underwater. Let's take a bright red, yellow, and blue wet suit as an example. These colors are hard to miss on the surface of water. Watch carefully the changes in color as you descend in the water. The red part now looks almost black because the red light wavelengths, the longest among these three colors, are missing. As you go down deeper, the same thing will happen to the yellow part and in the end to the blue part. Even at a place of about 6 to 9 meters underwater, you will look terrible, like a ghost(鬼怪)！And you have to wait for your return to the surface to enjoy the bright colors again!
( )1. You miss the object underwater when you want to touch it because_________.
A. your eyesight is quite poor B. you arc not quick enough
C. it is not as close as it seems D. it disappears very quickly
( )2. The example of the wet suit is used to explain the change of_________of an object underwater.
A. the size B. the color C. the position D. the weight
( )3. The underlined word “descend” probably means_________in Chinese in this passage.
A.上升 B. 漂浮 C. 屏息 D. 下潜
( )4. Which of the following is true
A. A four-meler-long fish looks three meters long underwater.
B. The wavelengths of red light arc longer than those of blue light.
C. Much water will be taken in by the swimmer deep in the water
D. You will see a ghost if you go as deep as 6 to 9 meters into the sea
( )5. The best title of this passage is_________.
A. The Standard of Color Underwater B. The Direction of Light Underwater
C. The Brightness of Color Underwater D. The Behavior of Light Underwater
F
People often think of the North Pole and the South Pole as similar frozen (冰凉）wastelands.They are both places with very cold temperatures and few people live there. However,the North and South Poles are not much alike as people may imagine.
The North Pole has no land,only thick ice. Temperatures seldom go above 32 F, at which water turns into ice. Most of the time, it stays below zero. In winter temperatures are usually as low as -30 F.
Although conditions were very poor, people tried for many centuries to reach the North Pole. About 100 years ago, two men, Robert Peary and Mathew Henson, were able to get to this environment full of troubles and difficulties. They reached the North Pole on March 8th,1909.It was really a hard trip for them.
There are few things more dangerous than crossing the Arctic(北极圈）on foot. People who stayed there may face many problems:very cold temperatures, sudden storms, and even hunger. Most of the area is uninhabited. Few people can live in such a difficult place.
People might think that with such low temperatures for most of the year, the ice would be thick and hard. However, this is not true in the Arctic. The movement of the ocean water under the ice may often cause many different changes on the surface. Sometimes the ice breaks into two opening lanes of water called “leads”. Anyone who falls into a lead can be frozen to death in a few minutes.
( )1.This passages is probably from .
A.a book review B. a science book C. A school report D. a computer magazine
( )2.According to the passage, what happened about 100 years ago
A.Two men succeeded in getting to the North Pole
B.Temperatures in the North Pole went above 32 F
C.The environment in the North Pole suddenly became worse
D.The North Pole changed into thick ice because of the temperatures.
( )3.What does the underlined word “uninhabited” probably mean in Chinese
A 气候恶劣的 B 充满危险的 C 困难重重的 D 无人居住的
( )4.The reason for the ice to break into two opening lanes of water is .
A.That the temperature suddenly drops B. that the water under the ice is frozen
C. That the ocean water under the ice moves D. that the surface is covered with lots of ice
( )5.What does this passage mainly talk about
The thick ice in the North Pole
B.A difficult trip to the North Pole
C.The real situation in the North Pole
D.The differences between the North Pole and the South Pole
G
When people talk to each other, write letters or make phone calls, words of the spoken form of the written form can send any message they want to pass on.
But besides words, do you know any other ways you can use to communicate with people Rich expressions on your face can be one of them. A smile on your face shows that you are happy. Tears in your eyes tell others that you are sad or excited. Body languages can do the same job. When you put your hand up in class, the teacher knows that you want to say something or you may have some questions to ask. You shake your head from side to side and people know you are saying “no” or refuse others’ requirements. When you nod, people will understand that you are saying “yes” or agree to others’ opinions or suggestions.
Other forms can also carry different messages. For example, a sign at the bus stop gives passengers on which bus to take. The flag language made by soldiers can pass different orders. Sound from the school bell tells the students and teachers when to begin or end a class. A photographer can use the photos he has taken to tell others about what he thinks of the world around him. Music and films also convey the feelings and ideas of the musicians and the directors. So next time when you see a piece of art or listen to some music, take it as communication with its creator and try to get the meaning behind it.
( )1.When people want to use the words to communicate with others, they ______.
A. write letters
B. cry aloud C. keep silent
D. make friends
( )2.According to the passage you just need to______ if you agree to others’ suggestions.
A.close your eyes
B. put up your hand
C.move your head up and down
D. shake your head from side to side
( )3.Through a photo we may know______.
A. which bus can be taken
B. what the orders mean for soldiers
C. how the photographer sees the world
D. when the students should have a class
( )4.The underline world convey probably means______in the passage.
A. 掩饰
B. 传递
C. 克制
D. 爆发
( )5.The best title for the passage may be______.
A. Spoken and Written Languages
B. Forms of Communication
C. Facial Expressions and Gestures
D. Suggestions on Communication
H
It is reported that some developed countries have shipped broken parts of computes to China.Such a thing can be founded every day although it is against international laws. Last month Hong Kong officers found 131,000 kilograms of broken computers, TVs and phones send from Japan.
Things like these are called electronic waste, or e-waste. Dealing with is not an easy job because dangerous poison like mercury(汞)and lead (铅)can be found in them. Every time an old computer breaks down, it needs to be deal with safely. But at present, broken computer parts are usually buried. It may be hundreds of years before they are really goes in the earth.
Many places in China are polluted by e-waste. Guiyu in Guangdong province is one of them. This town is named as”the e-waste capital of the world”. It has to deal with 1.5mllion kilograms of e-waste each year, from which it makes 75 million years. But it comes at a cost. Many of the poison in e-waste find their way into the environment. Plastic is burned outdoors and chemical water is poured into rivers, Greenpeace, an environmental group, has found the air, the earth and the rivers in Guiyu badly polluted.
The Chinese government wants the country to develop, but in a way that doesn’t do harm to the environment and people’s life. This year,China presents a new protection law, the strictest one we have ever puter complies like Lenovo and Dell will be asked to take back their old computers. This is because the complies that make computers know best to deal with them safely.
Hopefully, the problem with e-waste will be solved in near future.
( )1.The e-waste found in Hong Kong last month was from________.
A.France B.Japan C.Germany D. Australia
( )2.The underlined word buried probably means ______in the passage.
A.焚烧 B.障碍 C.回收 D.掩埋
( )3.The town of Guiyu in Guangdong Province_________.
A.is the e-capital of the world B.has serious e-waste pollution
C. Deals with e-waste safely D.speeds much money on e-waste
( )4.This year,the Chinese government__________.
A.tried to change people’s life B.closed some computer companies
C.make a new environment protection law D.asked people to hand in their old computers
( )5.The passage is mainly about________.
A.the way in deal with e-waste B.the cost of burning e-waste
C.the e-waste problem in China D.the need to pass a law against e-waste
I
To us, it seems so natural to put up an umbrella to keep the water off when it rains. But in fact the umbrella was not invented as protection against the rain. Its first use was as a shade(遮蔽) against the sun.
Nobody knows who first invented it, but the umbrella was used in very ancient times. Probably the first to use it were the Chinese, back in the eleventh century BC.
We know that the umbrella was used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade. And there was a strange thing connected with its use : it became a symbol of honor and power(权力). In the Far East in ancient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by those in high office or by royal people such as the kings or queens.
In Europe, the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade. The umbrella was in common use in ancient Greece, but it is believed that the first people in Europe to use the umbrella as protection against the rain were the ancient Romans. During the middle ages in Europe, the use of the umbrella almost disappeared. Then it appeared again in Italy in the late sixteenth century.And again it became a symbol of power.
Umbrellas have not changed much in style during all this time, though they have become much lighter in weight. It wasn't until the twentieth century that the umbrellas for women began to be made in all kinds of colors.
( )1. Ancient people first used umbrellas as ____.
A. a symbol of honor B. protection against the sun
C. a symbol of power D. protection against the rain
( )2. According to the passage, the umbrella was probably first used in ancient ______.
A. Egypt . B. Babylon C. Rome D. China
( )3. The underlined word royal might mean in Chinese.
A.皇室的 B.富裕的 C.中产的 D.平民的
( )4. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true 2
A. The ancient Greeks used the umbrella in their daily life.
B. Europeans hardly used the umbrella during the middle ages.
C. The umbrellas for women were made colorful in ancient times.
D. The style of the umbrella hasn't changed a lot since it was invented
( )5. This passage is mainly about ________.
A. the sales of the umbrella B. the differences among umbrellas
C. the invention of the umbrella D. the history and the use of the umbrella
J
In nature, you may see many insects (昆虫）and animals of different colors. Have you ever wondered why
Locusts are super delicious food for birds,but it is not always an easy job for birds to catch them.It is neither because locusts are good jumpers or runners nor because they are smarter than their enemies. The reason is that the colors of locusts change with the colors of crops(庄稼). When crops are young,locusts look green. But when autumn comes, locusts change to the yellow and brown color as crops do.
Brown bears,tigers and other animals move quietly through forests. They can’t be seen easily by their enemies. This is because they have colors similar to the trees. For the same reason, polar bears that live on a land of snow and ice are white. Butterflies and bees living among the flowers are colorful like flowers. Soil insects are mostly dark-colored and they live under the soil(土壤） in a dark and wet environment. However, insects with colors different from plants can easily be found and eaten by others. So in order to survive,they have to hide themselves in the daytime and appear only at night.
Have you ever noticed some even stranger acts The ink fish in the sea can send out some very black ink when it faces danger. As the ink spreads over , its enemies will find themselves suddenly in a dark world. At the same time the ink fish immediately swims away. That is how it keeps itself safe though it is not strong at all.
( )1.It is not easy for birds to catch locusts because____________. .
A .locusts are good runners B. locusts can jump very high
C. locusts are smarter than birds D. locusts can change their color
( )2.According to the passage, most soil insects_________
A.do not have bright colors B. change their colors with the soil
C. do not live in a dark and wet environment D. eat colorful insects like butterflies and bees
( )3.What’s the meaning of the underlined word”survive” in the passage
A. 繁殖 B. 产卵 C. 觅食 D. 生存
( )4.The ink fish_______so that its enemies will not see it .
A. changes its color B. makes the water around it black
C. appears only at night D. hides itself in the sea rocks
( )5. What is the main idea of this passage
A. Some insects and animals have different skills.
B. Some insects and animals are clever than we think.
C. Some insects and animals use colors to protect themselves.
D. Some insects and animals can get used to the environment easily.