中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2023年江苏中考语法专项突破-定语从句考点精练(下)
学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________
一、单项选择
1.(2019·江苏扬州)I will never forget the day___________ we spent in the old town.
A.who B.whom C.that D.what
2.(2019·江苏·仪征市)This is the most important task should be finished soon.
A.which B.what C.that D./
3.(2020·江苏省江都区)---Is this park ________ you’ve visited recently
---Yes, it’s one of the most beautiful parks I’ve ever visited.
A.that B.what C.the one D.where
4.(2019·江苏连云港)—It’s the best time to visit Lianyungang now.
—Yes, it is the beautiful city ________ I want to visit.
A.where B.who C.which D.when
5.(2018·江苏扬州)---At present young people prefer WeChat to keep in touch with their friends.
--Yes. It seems to be the best way of communication people like.
A.that B.how C.who D.what
6.(2018·江苏盐城)I will never forget the three years I spent with my classmates and teachers in the middle school.
A.which B.when C.what D.where
7.(2020·江苏南京)It’s the story of students ________ sat where you sit 20 years ago founded Google.
A.which B.who C.what D.whether
8.(2018·江苏连云港)—Who is Hua Chunying, Mary
—She is the only woman Foreign Ministry spokesperson ________ has won the hearts of many Chinese with her fantastic work.
A.who B.what C.whom D.that
9.(2019·江苏苏州)The happiest of people don’t necessarily have the best of everything; they just make the most of everything ________ comes along their way.
A.which B.who C.when D.that
10.(2020·江苏·东海)My grandparents like stories __________ have happy endings.
A.they B.who C.which D./
11.(2022·江苏·扬州)—Frank, look! Who are the children under the tree ___ waiting in a line
—They are the students from No. 1 Primary School.
A.that are B.where are C.which is D.who is
12.(2020·江苏镇江)– Do you like the weekly talk show The Readers on CCTV
– Sure. It’s a great TV program can develop the habit of reading.
A.who B.that C.what D.whose
13.(2020·江苏南京)The charities have helped more children with the money _______ people raise.
A.who B.what C.where D.which
14.(2020·江苏盐城)— Could you show the way to the station to me may be five minutes' walk from here
— No problem. But it's silly to take a taxi you can easily walk to the station.
A./; if B.which; since C.that; when D.who; if
15.(2019·江苏·扬州)--- Do you know what Robinson Crusoe did just after he got to the island
--- Yes. The first thing ________ he did was to look for some food.
A.who B.that C.which D.what
16.(2022·江苏·淮安)—Do you know the man ____________ spoke at the meeting just now
—No, I don’t know.
A.what B.who C.which D.whose
17.(2019·江苏·扬州)Women drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those don't.
A.who;不填 B.不填;who C.who; who D.不填;不填
18.(2019·江苏·扬州)—How is the film Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales
—It’s the most wonderful one _____ I have ever seen.
A.who B.that C.which D.what
19.(2019·江苏徐州)The most important thing _____ we should do is to be honest.
A.which B.who C.that D.what
20.(2018·江苏·扬州中学教育集团树人学校九年级期末)—At present young people prefer WeChat to keep in touch with their friends.
—Yes. It seems to be the best way of communication ________ people like.
A.that B.why C.who D.what
21.(2020·江苏宿迁)—What does “mother” mean to you, Sandy
—Everything. Mother is the person _______ is always standing in the wind and waiting for me on cold winter days.
A.who B.which C.whom D.what
22.(2019·江苏常州)The boys ____________ from America like China
A.who is B.are C.which is D.who are
23.(2019·江苏无锡)---Have you found enough information about Jackie Chan _______ you can use for your report
---He is so famous that I’ve easily got plenty on the Internet.
A.where B.which C.what D.who
24.(2019·江苏·徐州)This is the best hotel __________ I know in this city.
A.who B.that C.where D.which
25.(2020·江苏镇江)—What do you think of the film Avengers: Endgame(复联4)
—Can you see the man _________ is in blue He knows much about films and he will tell you whether it is worth _________ a second time.
A.that; looking at B.whom; enjoying
C.who; seeing D.which; listening
26.(2022·江苏·射阳县)The leaders from eight countries attended the Shanghai cooperation organization summit in Qingdao got the welcome of the Chinese people.
A.whom B.what C.who D.which
27.(2019·江苏扬州)In 2019, the actor Guo Jingfei acted in a TV play All is Well _____ attracted thousands of his fans.
A.whose B.what C.which D./
28.(2019·江苏·扬州)— Who is the man________ is interested in reading Beautiful Yangzhou
— It’s Mr. Baker, our English teacher.
A.that B./ C.whom D.which
29.(2019·江苏宿迁)The man _________ gave us a talk on science yesterday is a famous scientist.
A.who B.whose C.which D.whom
30.(2018·江苏苏州)We still remember the lovely teachers have taught us for three years.
A.which B.whose C.whom D.who
31.(2019·江苏无锡)I think the film Amazing China is ________film __________I’ve ever seen.
A.the most exciting;which B.more exciting;which
C.more exciting;that D.the most exciting;that
32.(2019·江苏镇江)I don’t know the teacher ________ is talking with Miss Wang.
A.who B.whom C.which D.what
33.(2019·江苏苏州)一Have you found any information about the player you can use for the article
一Not yet. I'll search for some on the Internet.
A.that B.who
C.what D.whose
34.(2020·江苏连云港)That was his first invention. It was a machine ________ clothes.
A.that used to wash B.which was used to washing
C.which got used to washing D.that was used to wash
35.(2018·江苏·南通)Is this the museum _____ some German friends visited the other day
A.that B.where C.in which D.the one
36.(2022·江苏南京)--- Have you found any pictures about your favorite film star ______ you can use for your poster
--- Not yet, I am far too busy these days.
A.that B.who C.whose D.when
37.(2019·江苏淮安)―Do you know everybody came to the party
―I'm afraid not. I don't know the one you had a long talk with.
A.which; that B./;whom C.that; which D.who;/
38.(2018·江苏苏州)―What does "teacher" mean to you,Daniel
―A teacher is the person makes all other occupations(职业)possible.
A.who B.which C.whom D.what
39.(2019·江苏苏州)Doctors say that the first 10 minutes a traffic accident is the most important for saving a life.
A.when B.before C.after D.until
40.(2013·江苏南通)Could you tell me _________ find another interesting detective story to read
A.where I can B.where can I C.where I could D.where could I
41.(2018·江苏徐州) Running man is a very relaxing TV program_______is hot among the young people.
A.what B.which C.who D.whom
42.(2019·江苏·扬州)-Have you found the information about the famous people ______ you can use for the report
-Not yet. I’ll search some on the Internet.
A.who B.what C.whom D.which
43.(2019·江苏无锡)Lily doesn’t know ________ she and her friends can do to help the little boy ________ parents have left their hometown for making money.
A.that; whose B.how; who C.what; who D.what; whose
44.(2016·江苏·靖江)---Have you found the information about famous scientists _____ you can use for the report
---Not yet. I’ll search the Internet later this afternoon.
A.which B.what C.who D.where
45.(2018·全国·南京)He is the writer________won the Nobel(诺贝尔) Literature Prize.
A.which B.whose C.who D.whom
46.(2014·江苏扬州)—Do you know the boy________ is sitting next to Peter
—Yes. He is Peter’s friend. They are celebrating his ________ birthday.
A.who; ninth B.that; nineth C./; nineth D.which; ninth
47.(2018·全国·南京)Most of my friends like loud music ________they can dance to.
A.that B.what C.when D.whose
48.(2018·全国·南京)Li Ming says he loves singers________their own music.
A.which write B.that writes C.who write D.who writes
49.(2017·江苏连云港)- It’s the best time to visit Lianyungang now.
- This is the best place _____ I have ever visited.
A.where B.that C.which D.when
50.(2018·江苏盐城)When I read “Harry Potter”, Hogwarts School __________ J.K. Rowling wrote about soon caught my attention.
A.where B.which C.who D.why
51.(2018·江苏无锡)Is this factory _______ you visited the other day
A.in which B.which C.where D.the one
52.(2021·江苏·睢宁)When Robinson Crusoe got to the island,the first thing he did was to look for some food.
A.who B.that C.which D.whom
53.(2018·江苏苏州)―Do you know everybody came to the club
―No, I don't know the one you had a long talk with.
A.that; / B.whose; that C.that; which D./; whom
54.(2018·江苏苏州)―Can you tell me Li Yan will get the first prize again in the competition
―Yes, I′m sure. She is the top student we all admire.
A.what;which B.whether; that C.when;whether D.that; which
55.(2018·江苏苏州)This is the most interesting book I have ever read.
A.that B.which C.when D.who
56.(2018·江苏苏州)Being blind is something most people can't imagine.
A.that B.what C.where D.how
57.(2018·江苏苏州)—What kind of movies do you prefer
—I prefer the movies _________me something to think about.
A.which give B.that gives C.which gives D.who gives
58.(2018·江苏盐城)--- Have you ever seen the film The Shawshank Redemption
---Yes, and I think it is the best film teaches me a lot.
A.that B.which C.what D./
59.(2018·江苏盐城)He is a great actor____ is famous for his action films.
A.what B.which C.whom D.who
60.(2021·江苏·苏州市)Who can help me find information about Elvis Presley ________ I need to give a talk about western music
A.who B.whom C.what D.which
参考答案:
1.C
【详解】句意:我永远不会忘记我们在老城度过的那一天。
考查定语从句。A. who谁;B. whom谁;C. that那个;D. what什么。根据I will never forget the day.句式结构完整,且the day表示物,所以此处需要定语从句进一步解释说明the day;that可以引导定语从句,先行词the day,所以使用that符合题意。故选C。
【点睛】本题考查的是定语从句,定语从句可以用that、who、whom来引导。当先行词为人时,可以用who、whom、that来引导定语从句,例如:First came Mary,whom few of us had expected. He is a man that/who is never at a loss.当先行词为物时,可以用that来引导。例如:I don’t like the way that you speak to her.
2.C
【详解】句意:这是应该很快完成的最重要的任务。
A. which先行词是物(在定语从句中作主语或宾语);B. what什么(不能引导定语从句);C. that先行词人和物都可以(在定语从句中作主语或宾语);D. /什么也不填,根据句子中的先行词是the most important task是物,排除B,由先行词被形容词最高级修饰以及在定语从句中作主语可知,排除A和D,故答案选C。
3.C
【详解】句意:——这个公园是你最近去过的那个吗 ——是的,这是我参观过的最美丽的公园之一。考查定语从句。本句you’ve visited recently做空白处的后置定语,是定语从句;that/where/what都引导从句,不可做先行词,可排除。主语park是单数名词,指代单数名词需用one,特指那个公园,要加the,故选C。
【点睛】本句虽然考查定语从句,但设空处是先行词,所以不必纠结ABD三个引导词(其中,what不可引导定语从句),直选C项即可。
4.C
【详解】句意:— —现在是游览连云港的最佳时机。 — —是的,这就是我想游览的美丽城市。
A. where哪里;B. who谁;C. which哪一个;D. when什么时候。本题考查定语从句。关系代词which引导的定语从句, 指物,在从句中可以做主语、宾语等。多数情况下,可与that互换。本题的先行词是city,指物,因此引导词用which,故选C。
5.A
【详解】句意:——现在年轻人更喜欢用微信和朋友保持联系。——是的,它好像是人们喜欢的最好的交流方式。
根据句子结构可知,该空后是一个定语从句,修饰先行词the best way of communication,how和what不能引导定语从句,故先排除。who引导定语从句时,先行词应是人,故也不对,选A,that引导定语从句时,是关系代词,在从句中作主语或宾语,先行词可以是人,也可以是物。
6.A
【详解】句意:我永远不会忘记我与我中学的老师以及同学共同度过的四年时光。
A.which哪一个,B. when什么时候,C. what什么,D. where哪里。本题考查由which引导的定语从句。three years为先行词,后面的句子成分“I spent with my classmates and teachers in the middle school.”都是用来修饰three years的,故该句为定语从句。虽然three years是一个与时间相关的名词,但它在从句充当的是“我”与学校的师生度过的一段时间,是spend的宾语,故用which引导该从句。故选A。
7.B
【详解】句意:这是20年前创建谷歌的学生们坐在你坐的地方的故事。
A. which关系代词;先行词是物;B. who关系代词;先行词是人;C. what不能引导定语从句;D. whether是否。先行词是students是人,这里关系词用who,在这里做主语。根据题意,故选B。
8.D
【详解】句意:华春莹是谁,玛丽?—她是唯一一位以出色的工作赢得许多中国人心的外交部女发言人。
A. who关系代词(先行词是人,在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语);B. what不能引导定语从句;C. whom关系代词(先行词是人,在定语从句中作宾语);D. that关系代词(先行词是人、物、人和物,在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语),根据所给空前面的the only woman Foreign Ministry spokesperson可知,先行词是人且先行词被the only、the very或the last 等词修饰时,关系代词只能用that,故答案选D。
9.D
【详解】句意:最幸福的人不一定拥有最好的一切,他们只是最大限度地利用了生活中的一切。
根据句子结构可知,该空引导的是定语从句,四个选项都可以引导定语从句,which是关系代词,先行词为物;who关系代词,在从句中作主语或宾语,先行词是人;when是关系副词,在从句中作状语;that是关系代词,先行词可以是人也可以是物。从句中缺少主语,故排除C;everything指物,故排除B。当先行词是不定代词时,定语从句只能用that引导,故选D。
10.C
【详解】句意:我爷爷奶奶喜欢有幸福结局的故事。
考查定语从句。先行词stories(故事)表示物,又关系词在从句中作主语,所以用关系代词that或which,故选C。
11.A
【详解】句意:——弗兰克,你看!那些在树下排队的孩子是谁 ——他们是来自第一小学的学生。
考查定语从句。根据句意:﹣弗兰克,你看!树下排队的孩子们是谁? ﹣他们是来第一小学的学生.可知先行词是children,指人,作主语,故选代词用who/that;children是复数,系词用are,故选A。
12.B
【详解】句意:——你喜欢中央电视台每周一次的节目《朗读者》吗?——当然了,这是一个很棒的节目,能培养阅读的习惯。
根据句子结构可知,这里考查定语从句,who是关系代词,先行词为人,在从句中作主语或宾语;that先行词人或物都可以,在从句中作主语或宾语;what不能引导定语从句,先排除;whose…的,先行词可以是人或物。这个定语从句的先行词是program,故排除A;D选项意思不合适。故应选B。
13.D
【详解】句意:慈善机构用人们筹集的钱帮助了更多的儿童。A. who关系词,先行词是人;B. what不能引导定语从句;C. where关系副词,在定语从句中做状语;D. which关系代词,先行词是物。people raise 修饰the money,先行词是物,关系词用which引导。根据题意,故选D。
14.B
【详解】句意:—你能告诉我从这儿大概要走五分钟就到的车站的路吗?——没问题。但是不必坐出租车,因为你可以很容易地走到车站。根据句子结构可知,第一个空后是定语从句,先行词是the way,从句中缺少主语,故用which引导;第二空引导的是状语从句,if如果;since既然;when当…时候。根据句意可知,应填since,引导原因状语从句。故选B。
15.B
【详解】句意:——你知道鲁滨逊·克鲁索刚到岛上做了什么吗?——是的,他做的第一件事就是找点吃的。A. who关系词,先行词是人; B. that关系词,先行词人或物;C. which关系词,先行词是物;D. what什么,不能引导定语从句。先行词是The first thing是物,关系用that或which,先行词前有序数词,关系词用that。根据题意,故选B。
16.B
【详解】句意:——你认识刚才在会上讲话的那个人吗 ——不,我不认识。考查关系词辨析。本句是定语从句,what不是关系词不可引导定语从句,可排除。who用于先行词是人时;which用于先行词是物时;whose表示物主,后面需接名词;本句先行词the man是人,根据句意结构和语境,可知选B。
17.C
【详解】句意:每天喝多于两杯咖啡的女性比那些没有喝咖啡习惯的女性得心脏病的可能性要大得多。本题考查定语从句。根据句子分析,可知这个定语从句。第一个空的先行词是women,第二个空的先行词是those,指代的是those women,所以都是表示人的,且在从句部分作主语,不能省略,故选C。
18.B
【详解】句意:——电影《加勒比海盗4: 死无对证》怎么样 ——这是我见过的最好的一部。
考查关系词辨析,本句是定语从句,what不是关系词,不可引导定语从句。who用于人,which用于物,that指人或物。本句先行词one有最高级most wonderful修饰,需用that引导;根据句意语境,可知选B。
19.C
【详解】句意:我们应该做的最重要的事情是诚实。考查关系词辨析。本句是定语从句,what不是关系词,不可引导定语从句,可排除。which用于先行词是物时,who用于先行词是人时,that可指人指物。本句先行词thing有最高级The most important修饰,需用that引导;根据句意结构,可知选C。
20.A
【详解】句意:——目前年轻人更喜欢微信与朋友保持联系。 ——是的。这似乎是人们最喜欢的沟通方式。考查连词的用法。A. that用于某些动词、形容词和名词后,引出从句;B. why为什么;C. who谁;D. what什么。观察句子结构可知,要填的是定语从句的关系词,先行词“ the best way of communication”指物在定语从句中作宾语,所以要填关系代词that。故选A。
21.A
【详解】句意:——“妈妈”对你意味着什么,桑迪?——一切。母亲总是站在风中,在寒冷的冬天等着我。who用于先行词是人;which用于先行词是物或事情;whom用于先行词是人,并且关系词在定语从句中作宾语;what不能引导定语从句。本题考查定语从句的关系代词。根据先行词the person 指人,关系词作主语,所以此空应用关系代词who,故选A。
22.D
【详解】句意:这些来自美国的男孩喜欢中国。考查定语从句。本句是主谓宾结构,可排除B项。空白处做主语the boys的后置定语,先行词the boys是人,不可用which(用于先行词是物时),需用who引导;the boys是复数人称,系词需用are;根据句意结构,可知选D。
23.B
【详解】句意:—你找到足够的关于成龙的信息了吗 你能用在你的报告里的。—他很有名,我在网上很容易就能找到很多。本题考查定语从句,A. where代替地点,在定从中充当地点状语;B. which代替物,在定从中充当主语或宾语;C. what非定从关系词;D. who代替人,在定从中充当主语或宾语。本题中,先行词是information信息,为物,故选B。
24.B
【详解】句意:这是我知道的这个城市最好的酒店。根据句意及句子结构可知,这是定语从句,先行词是hotel, 当先行词被最高级修饰时,关系代词只能用that, 故选B。
【点睛】在定语从句中,关系代词只能用that的情况常见的有:
先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, little, none等不定代词时;
先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, the best等修饰时;
先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much所修饰时;
先行词是序数词或最高级或被序数词及最高级修饰时;
先行词有两个,一个指人,一个指物时。
25.C
【详解】句意:你认为电影《复联4》怎么样? 你看见那个穿蓝色衣服的人吗?他对电影了解很多,他会告诉你它是否值得再看一次。Can you see the man who is in blue 你看见那个穿蓝色衣服的人吗?是 who引导的定语从句,who在从句中作主语,the man为先行词。be worth+ doing 值得做某事,看电影用see a film.故选C。
26.C
【详解】句意:出席上海合作组织青岛峰会的8国领导人受到中国人民的欢迎。考查关系代词辨析。what不是关系词,可排除。whom和who都用于先行词是人时,但whom用作宾语,who用作主语或宾语;which用于先行词是物时。本句先行词The leaders是人,可排除which;关系词在从句中做主语,可排除whom。根据句意结构和语境,可知选C。
27.C
【详解】句意:2019年,演员郭敬菲出演电视剧《一切都好》,吸引了成千上万的粉丝。考查关系代词辨析。what不是关系词,不可引导定语从句;whose表物主,既可用于指人,也可用于指事或物,在定语从句中主要用作定语;which只用于指事或物,不用于指人,它在定语从句中主要用作主语或宾语。本句关系词在从句中做主语,指的是Guo Jingfei acted in a TV play All is Well这件事,需用which;根据句意结构和语境,可知选C。
【点睛】which有时也可用作定语,尤其用于“介词+which+名词”这类结构中,此时的which含有this或that的意味。如:He lost his temper, at which point I decided to go home. 他发脾气了,这时我就决定回家了。在限制性定语从句中 which, who, whom 都可用 that 代替。关系代词作宾语时,关系代词常被省略。
28.A
【详解】句意:——对阅读《美丽扬州》感兴趣的那个男人是谁?——他是贝克先生,我们的英语老师。
根据句子结构,可知_____is interested in reading Beautiful Yangzhou是定语从句,先行词是the man,所以引导词用that/who/whom,排除B/D;根据引导词在句子中做主语,不能用whom;故选A。
29.A
【详解】句意:昨天给我们做科学报告的那个人是一个著名的科学家。A.谁;B.谁的;C.哪一个;D.谁。首先分析句子结构,本句中的"______gave us a talk on science yesterday"在复合句中作定语从句,由于先行词 man为下文定语从句的逻辑主语,且指人,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that或者who,故选A。
30.D
【详解】本题考查:定语从句的关系代词。that即可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that或which在从句中作宾语时常可省略,who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句中的主语和宾语,whom作宾语时,要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语。Whose 表示“谁的”,与先行词有所有格的关系。综合分析前后句, 可知本句是定语从句,填who最合适,指代前面的先行词teachers,表示老师们,在定语从句中做主语成分。完整句意为:We still remember the lovely teachers who have taught us for three years.我们仍然记得教我们三年的可爱的老师。正确答案为:D
【点睛】遇到定语从句时,需一步一步分解从句,找出先行词,判断先行词在定语从句中的句子成分,先行词是指人还是物的,再作答。
31.D
【详解】句意“我认为《厉害了我的国》是我看过的最令人振奋的电影”。根据I’ve ever seen可知,第一空处用最高级,排除B和C;第二空处考查定语从句,先行词为film,且先行词被形容词最高级修饰时,用that,故选D。
【点睛】在定语从句中先行词that和which都指物,只用that不用which的情况:
1.先行词为all, much, something, everything, nothing, little, none, the one时。
2.先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。
3.当先行词被the only, the very, the just修饰时。
4.先行词中即有人又有物时。
32.A
【详解】句意:我不认识正在和王小姐交谈的这位老师。A. who谁,做主语;B. whom谁,做宾语;C. which哪一个;D. what什么。此句是含有定语从句的复合句,先行词是 teacher,表示“人”,引导词用 who,在从句中做主语。what 不能引导定语从句。先行词是“人”,用 whom,在定语从句中做宾语。先行词是“物”,引导词用 which。故选A。
33.A
【详解】句意:——你有没有找到任何关于选手的信息,你可以用来写文章? ——还没有。我会在网上找一些。首先分析句子结构,本句中的“ you can use for the article”在复合句中作定语从句,由于先行词information(注意:后面的about famous people作后置定语,修饰前面information)为下文定语从句的逻辑宾语,且指物,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that或者which,故选A。
34.D
【详解】句意:那是他的第一个发明。那是一台用来洗衣服的机器。本题考查的是be used to do sth. “被用于做某事”的用法,而不是be/get used to doing sth. “习惯于做某事”的用法,排除B/C;再由That was his first invention.可知,本题是过去时,因此在that引导的定语从句中,应该用一般过去时的被动句。was used to wash被用来洗衣服,语境是:那是一台被用来洗衣服的机器。故选D。
35.A
【详解】句意:这是几天前一些德国朋友参观过的博物馆吗 考查定语从句引导词辨析。that无实义;where用于先行词是地点时;in which用于先行词是物时;the one表人或物,本身不可引导定语从句,可排除。本句先行词在句中不做任何处分,无实义;根据句意结构和语境,可知选A。
36.A
【详解】本题考查:定语从句与先行词。选项分析:A. that那;那个。B. who谁。C. whose谁的。 D. when什么时候,何时。综合分析前后句, 可知此处填that最合适,引导you can use for your poster定语从句,先行词为your favorite film。完整句意为:--- Have you found any pictures about your favorite film star that you can use for your poster --- Not yet, I am far too busy these days.你找到你最喜欢的电影明星的照片可以用来做海报吗 还没有,这些天我太忙了。正确答案为:A
37.D
【详解】本题考查:定语从句。选项分析:which做定语从句的关系代词时指代前面的物; that 做关系代词时既可指人也可指物 ,who做关系代词时,指人。whom指人,但需在从句中做宾语成分。综合分析前后文及答案选项,依据前面的everybody可知后面用who作为关系代词,可知此处填who最合适,其中I don't know the one you had a long talk with.中the one是talk with的宾语,此处可用whom引导,也可以省略关系代词。完整句意为:—Do you know everybody who came to the party —I'm afraid not. I don't know the one you had a long talk with.—你认识所有来参加聚会的人吗 —恐怕不是。我不认识那个和你谈了很久的人。正确答案为:D
【点睛】which与that两者都可指物,常可互换。其区别主要在于: 引导非限制性定语从句时,通常要用which。如:She received an invitation from her boss, which came as a surprise. 她收到了老板的邀请,这是她意想不到的。 直接放在介词后作宾语时,通常要用which。先行词有the very, the only, the same 等修饰时,通常用that。如:This is the only example that I know. 我知道的例子只有这一个。Those are the very words that he used. 那是他的原话。
38.A
【详解】句意:——“老师”对你来说意味着什么,Daniel?——一个老师就是使所有其他职业成为可能的人。
who引导定语从句,是关系代词,先行词为人,在从句中作主语或宾语;which引导定语从句,是关系代词,先行词为物,在从句中作主语或宾语;whom引导定语从句,先行词为人,在从句中作宾语;what不能引导定语从句。根据句子结构可知,这是一个定语从句,修饰the person,指人,并且从句中缺少主语,故应选A。
39.C
【详解】句意:医生说,交通事故发生后的前10分钟是拯救生命最重要的时刻。考查连词辨析。A. when当…时候;B. before在…之前;C. after在…之后;D. until直到…才。根据语境Doctors say that the first 10 minutes a traffic accident is the most important for saving a life.可推知句意为“医生说,交通事故发生后的前10分钟是拯救生命最重要的时刻。”表达交通事故发生后应用after,故答案选C。
40.A
【详解】试题分析:英语宾语从句中一般为陈述语序。句意:你能告诉我在哪儿能找到另一本有趣的侦探小说来读吗?结合语境可知从句中描述的是客观性动作,故用一般现在时态,选项B为倒装语序,故选A。
考点:宾语从句
点评:宾语从句中一般为陈述语序,需注意当疑问词做从句主语时,则貌似倒装句,需注意区分。关于引导词的区分需结合引导词的基本含义及其在句子中所承担的句子成分进行具体分析。宾语从句的时态和主句没有必然的联系,需结合语境具体分析。
41.B
【分析】【点评】定语从句要注意先行词是人还是物,从而选出合适的关系代词.
【详解】试题分析:定语从句中先行词为物,关系代词用that或which.what不引导定语从句,who/whom的先行词是人;根据 a very relaxing TV program可知,先行词是物,故选B.
42.D
【详解】句意:——你有没有找到一些能够用于报告的名人的信息?——还没有。我将在网上搜索一些。
考查定语从句。本句先行词information是物,在定语从句中作宾语,故用关系代词which或that引导定语从句,所以选D。
43.D
【详解】that引导宾语从句一般不充当句子成分,只起连接作用;how引导宾语从句,一般做方式状语;what引导宾语从句,做从句的逻辑主语或者宾语。句意:莉莉不知道她和她的朋友们能做什么来帮助这个小男孩,他的父母离开家乡去挣钱了。结合语境可知前文是宾语从句,what,什么,充当宾语从句谓语动词do的逻辑宾语。下文为定语从句,the little 宾语boy和parents是逻辑上的所有关系,故引导词用whose,选D。
考点:英语从句
44.A
【详解】句意:——你找到可以用来写报告的著名科学家的资料了吗 ——还没有。今天下午晚些时候我要上网搜一搜。考查定语从句。which用于物,what不引导定语从句,who用于人,where用于地点。句中的"_____ you can use for the report"在复合句中作定语从句,由于先行词 the information (注意:后面的about famous scientists作后置定语,修饰前面的information)为下文定语从句的逻辑宾语,且指物,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that或者which,故选A。
【点睛】本题考查定语从句的关系代词。首先要掌握几个关系代词引导定语从句的用法,然后结合具体的语句中的先行词,以及在定语从句作的成分,就可以做出正确选择。
45.C
【详解】句意:他是获得诺贝尔文学奖的作家。考查定语从句。A. which指物,当先行词是物,引导词which在定语从句中作宾语或主语;例如,The book which is on the table is mine.(作主语)B. whose指所有关系,在定语从句中作定语,它既可以指代人,也可以指代物,例如,They lives in a room whose window opens to the south.(他们住在一间窗户朝南开的房间里。)C. who指人,当先行词是人,引导词who在定语从句中做主语或宾语;D. whom指人,当先行词是人,引导词who在定语从句中作宾语。本句先行词是人,在从句中做主语,故用关系代词who。故选C。
46.A
【详解】句意:——你知道坐在皮特旁边的那个男孩吗?——是的,他是皮特的朋友,他们正在庆祝他的九岁生日。
考查定语从句用法。在定于从句中,先行词指人时用 who引导,表示某人的第几个生日用序数词,nine的序数词是 去e加th,结合语境故选A。
47.A
【详解】句意:我的大多数朋友都喜欢可以跟着跳舞的响亮的音乐。that关系代词,引导定语从句,在从句中作主语或宾语;what什么;when什么时候;whose谁的。根据句子结构可知,这里是一个定语从句,先行词为music,从句中缺少宾语,故用关系代词that。选A。
48.C
【详解】句意:李明说他喜欢自己写歌的歌手。
考查定语从句中关系代词。which指物,在从句中做主语、宾语;that指人指物都可以,在从句中做主语、宾语、表语;who指人,在从句中做主语、宾语。先行词为singers,指人,排除A;若先行词在从句中做主语时,从句的谓语动词与先行词保持一致,先行词是singers,复数,排除B和D,故选C。
49.B
【详解】句意:——现在是参观连云港的最佳时间。——这是我去过的最好的地方。考查定语从句。四个选项所示引导词均可引导定语从句,但先行词the best place有最高级best限制,需用that引导,故选B。
50.B
【详解】句意:当我读《哈利波特》时,J.K.罗林写的霍格沃茨学校很快引起了我的注意。
考查定语从句关系词。本句是含有定语从句的复合句,先行词Hogwarts School是物,并且在定语从句中作宾语,用关系代词that或which引导定语从句,结合选项,故选B。
51.D
【详解】试题分析:句意:这个工厂是你前几天参观的那个工厂吗?我们可以先把这个句子变成陈述句:This
Factory is _______ you visited the other day.很显然这是考查定语从句,题干中缺少先行词the factory我
们可用the one代替。故选D。
考点:考查定语从句。
52.B
【详解】句意:当鲁滨逊·克鲁索到达岛上时,他做的第一件事就是寻找一些食物。先行词thing指物,而且被序数词first修饰,故用that引导定语从句。故选B。
53.A
【详解】句意“-你认识来参加派对的每一个人吗?-没有,我不认识那个你和他说了很长时间话的那个人”。根据“n/pron+____+句子”结构可知,用定语从句,且先行词在定语从句中没有做宾语,不可省略,排除B和D。第二空中,根据“n/pron+____+句子”结构可知,也是定语从句,先行词the one指人,在从句中做宾语,用that,且可省略,故选A。
54.B
【详解】句意“-你能告诉我是否李岩将会再一次获得第一名?-是的,我确信。她是我们都敬佩的尖子生”。第一空处用宾语从句,且从句中不缺成份,且表示“是否”的含义,用连接词whether;第二空为“n/pron+_____+句子”结构,用定语从句,先行词指人,在从句中做宾语,用that,故选B。
55.A
【详解】句意“这是我看多的最有趣的书”。根据“n/pron+____+句子”结构可知,用定语从句,且先行词被形容词的最高级the most interesting修饰,且从句中缺少宾语,用that,故选A。
56.A
【详解】句意“成为盲人是我们大多数人无法想象的事情”。根据“n/pron+____+句子”结构可知,用定语从句。A. that指人指物都可以,在从句中做主宾表成分;B.定语从句中没有what;C.连接副词,先行词在从句中做地点状语;D.定语从句中没有how。根据题干,先行词是复合不定代词something,指物,在定语从句中做宾语。当先行词为复合不定代词时,指物只能用that,故选A。
点睛:在定语从句中先行词that和which都指物,只用that不用which的情况:
1.先行词为all, much, something, everything, nothing, little, none, the one时。
2.先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。
3.当先行词被the only, the very, the just修饰时。
4.先行词中即有人又有物时。
57.A
【详解】句意:——你喜欢什么类型的电影?——我更喜欢那些让我思考的电影。此句的先行词是movies,引导定语从句的关联词用that或which,排除C,D;定语从句的主语that或which指代movies,动词不能用三单形式,故答案为A。
58.A
【详解】句意:——你看过电影《肖申克的救赎》吗? ——是的,我认为这是一部教我很多的最好的电影。首先分析句子结构,本句中的"_________ teaches me a lot"在复合句中作定语从句,由于先行词是film 指物,在定语从句中作主语,且先行词前面有形容词最高级修饰,因而只能用that来引导后面的定语从句,不能用which。故选A。
59.D
【详解】句意:他是一个伟大的演员,因为他的动作片而出名。what什么,不能引导定语从句;which引导定语从句,是关系代词,先行词为物;whom引导定语从句,先行词为人,在从句中做宾语;who关系代词,引导定语从句,先行词为人,在从句中做主语和宾语。根据句子结构可知,这里是一个定语从句,先行词是actor,指人,定语从句中缺少主语,故用who引导。选D。
60.D
【详解】句意:谁能帮我找到关于埃尔维斯·普雷斯利的信息,我需要做一个关于西方音乐的演讲?考查定语从句。A. who用于先行词是人时,主格;B. whom用于先行词是人时,宾格;C. what用于先行词是事;时D. which用于先行词是物时。本句的先行词information(信息)是物,需用which或that引导;根据句意语境,可知选D
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