2023年江苏中考英语语法专项突破-定语从句考点精练Ⅱ(下)(含答案详解)

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名称 2023年江苏中考英语语法专项突破-定语从句考点精练Ⅱ(下)(含答案详解)
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2023年江苏中考语法专项突破-定语从句考点精练(下)二
学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________
一、单项选择
1.(2018·江苏苏州)一 kind of tea would you like
一I love tea has a fruity taste.
A.Which; what B.What; which
C.Whose; that D.What: who
2.(2019·江苏苏州)I will never forget the people and the things_______ I saw on the Great Wall.
A.who B.which C.whom D.that
3.(2018·江苏苏州)This is the best book I have read.
A.that B.whose C.which D.who
4.(2018·江苏苏州)The car my uncle had just bought was destroyed in the earthquake.
A.whose B.whom C.who D.which
5.(2018·江苏苏州)Lily loves music she can sing along with.
A.which B.who C.what D.whom
6.(2018·江苏苏州)Roald Dahl was a great children's writer. His dark past helped him paint a picture was different to most other writers.
A.that B.who C./ D.whom
7.(2018·江苏苏州)I'd like to tell you about the table manners you should know when you visit France.
A.which B.who C.what D.how
8.(2018·江苏苏州)Tu Youyou is the woman used the plant's special power to save millions of lives.
A.which B.who C.whose D./
9.(2018·江苏苏州)一CCTV has produced a TV show-Chinese Poetry Competition. Have you seen it
一Sure. Wu Yishu, 16, studies at the High School Affiliated to Fudan University, is the winner.
A.which B.where C.who D.whom
10.(2018·江苏苏州)一What do you think of the TV program called Readers
一Wonderful! It is the best program I have ever watched.
A.when B.that C.what D.who
11.(2018·江苏苏州)Mary     is my friend, as well as her sisters,     Chinese in China.
A.that;are studying B.which;have studied
C.who;study D.who;studies
12.(2018·江苏苏州)Opposite my house is_______. My ten-year-old son often goes there with his classmates on Saturday.
A.a museum that is open on weekdays
B.a swimming pool that is designed for adults
C.a cinema which sells tickets at a lower price
D.a library which will be completed in two years
13.(2018·江苏南京)I don't like the present my father bought me on my birthday.
A.which B.who C.what D.as
14.(2018·江苏南京)This is the place ____I have ever visited.
A.there B.when C.where D.which
15.(2018·江苏南京)I hate people _______ talk much but do little.
A.whom B.who C.whose D.which
16.(2018·江苏南京)This is the house _______ I want to buy.
A.in which B.that C.whose D.where
17.(2018·江苏南京)I hate the people _______ don’t help others when they are in trouble.
A.who B.which C.they D.where
18.(2018·江苏南京)The letter _______ I received from him yesterday is very important.
A.who B.where C.what D.that
19.(2018·江苏南京)George Mallory was an English school teacher _______ loved climbing.
A.who B.whom C.he D.which
20.(2018·江苏南京)Mr. White, ______ car had been stolen, came to the policeman.
A.who B.that C.whose D.which
21.(2018·江苏南京)---Where is the scientist ________ gave us the talk yesterday
---He has gone back to Qinghua University.
A.whom B.who C.whose D.which
22.(2018·江苏南京)The foreigner _________ visited our school is from Canada.
A.which B.when C.who D.whom
23.(2018·江苏南京)---Does the teacher know everybody _______ planted the trees
---Yes, he does.
A.which B.whose C.where D.that
24.(2018·江苏苏州)This is a heartwarming story about a boy saved his mother's life.
A.which B.who C.whose D.whom
25.(2018·江苏苏州)Journey to West is a book _______ influences teenagers a lot. It is very popular.
A.who B.when C.which D.what
26.(2018·江苏徐州)---I won't forget the teachers here used to help and trust me.
---Neither will I.
A.which B.whose
C.whom D.who
27.(2017·全国)—You should know the first thing you must do now is to do your homework.
—Thanks for reminding me.
A.where B.which C.that D.what
28.(2017·全国)The computer can store a lot of information is widely used all over the world.
A./ B.who C.that D.where
29.(2017·全国)First Lady Peng Liyuan was watering the flowers were named "Cathy" with Dutch Queen Maxima.
A.what B.which C.who D.whose
30.(2018·江苏徐州)The day we were looking forward to finally.
A.that; arriving B.that; arrived C.when; arrived D.which; arriving
31.(2018·江苏苏州)I will always remember the days _________ I spent with you In HongKong.
A.when B.on which C.on that D./
32.(2018·全国·南京)Rosa likes music ______ is quiet and gentle.
A.when B.that C.where D.who
33.(2016·江苏徐州)Anyone can provide useful information should contact the police.
A.which B.when C.if D.who
34.(2017·江苏·无锡)The single man_______next door to us is very strange.
A.which stands B.that stand C.that stands D.who stand
35.(2016·江苏·泰兴市)He likes low-carbon life(低碳生活).He lives in the house he built himself out of trash .
A.where B.which C.what D.in which
36.(2017·江苏·灌南县)The computer ____________ last week was stolen yesterday. What a pity!
A.which I bought it B.I bought C.what I bought D.I bought it
37.(2018·江苏苏州)一Please tell me something about Yang Liwei.
一He is a great astronaut of all the Chinese are proud
A.that B.whose C.who D.whom
38.(2018·江苏苏州)–Why are you so worried
-I’ve lost the watch ______ my dad bought me on my birthday.
A.what B.who C.whose D.which
39.(2018·江苏苏州)According to a survey, people ___________ are able to speak two languages can manage two things at the same time more easily.
A.which B.whom C.whose D.who
40.(2018·江苏苏州)Sara is the girl has taught me how to use WeChat.
A.whom B.which C.what D.who
41.(2017·江苏徐州)This photo reminds me the things and persons we met at college.
A.of; that B.about; which
C.to; / D.on; what
42.(2017·江苏扬州)— Have you found the information is about President Xi’s visit to Russia
— Not yet. I will surf the Internet.
A.who B.what C.whom D.which
43.(2017·江苏扬州)—Can I help you, sir
—I want a new book was written by Cao Wenxuan.
A.what B.where C.which D.who
44.(2018·江苏苏州)Yesterday, Mr. Green went to his hometown and visited the old house ____ he was born in.
A.which B.where C.what D.it
45.(2017·江苏连云港)---How much do you know about John Nash
---Just a little. He is a Nobel Prize –winning scientist ____ was killed in a car crash yesterday.
A.which B.what C.who D.whom
46.(2017·江苏南京)Nanjing Yangtse River Bridge was built in the 1960s is now under repair.
A.who B.whose C.which D.what
47.(2019·江苏·扬州市)Have you found the information about famous scientists you can use for the
report
A.where B.which C.what D.who
48.(2017·江苏省南菁)Some interesting TV shows lots of famous stars performed attracted lots of young
people.
A.on which B.that C.which D.in which
49.(2017·江苏泰州)---Linda, can you tell me something about Agatha Christie
--Sure. Agatha Christie was a female writer ________ is considered as the queen of crime novels.
A.which B.whose C.what D.who
50.(2017·江苏扬州)—You look smart in the T shirt ________ your daughter bought for you.
—Thanks a lot.
A.which B.who C.whom D.whose
51.(2017·江苏常州)What a day! The car I ___________ seems to go wrong again.
A.have repaired it B.had repaired C.had repaired it D.have it repaired
52.(2018·江苏南京)Zhang Lili is considered as the most beautiful teacher ________ gave her love to her students in danger.
A.who B.that C.whom D.which
53.(2016·江苏南通)---What do you think of the book _______ I bought yesterday
--- I think it is worth reading.
A.what B.how C.that D.who
54.(2016·江苏苏州)The woman ______ he was married was a doctor.
A.that B.which C.to whom D.with whom
55.(2015·江苏泰州) —Who is your new English teacher this term, Jack
— The man ______ is wearing a blue T-shirt.
A.whom B.who
C.whose D.which
56.(2015·江苏盐城)— Harry Potty is the novel ________I like best. Would you like to read it — Sure.
A.who B.which C.what D.why
57.(2016·江苏扬州)— I heard that Shao Yifu passed away .
—Yes, he is a great man donated billions of dollars to charity, schools and hospitals.
A.who B.whom C.which D./
58.(2016·江苏扬州)It's a century since the man ________ stole the Mona Lisa was finally caught.
A.which B.who C.whom D.what
59.(2015·江苏南通)The cars _________ yesterday sell very well.
A.what I saw B.that I see
C.what I see D.that I saw
60.(2015·江苏徐州)—What are you looking for
—I’m looking for the watch ______ I bought yesterday.
A.which B.who
C.whose D.where
参考答案:
1.B
【详解】句意:你想要什么类型的茶?——我喜欢有水果味的茶。根据下文回答“I love tea___has a fruity taste.”推测问的是什么类型的茶,用what kind of tea来提问;又根据后文has a fruity taste分析得知,这是一个定语从句,来修饰先行词tea,在定语从句中充当主语,可用which和that来引导,综合得知答案是B。
2.D
【详解】句意:我永远不会忘记我在长城看到的人和事。本句考察定语从句的关系词。A. who关系词,先行词为人;B. which关系词,先行词为物;C. whom关系词,先行词为人,在句中作宾语; D. that关系词,先行词为人或物。在定语从句中,当先行词既指人也指物时,如:the people and the things,关系词采用that。故选D。
3.A
【详解】句意:这是我读过的最好的书。who的先行词只能是人;whose的先行词可以是人也可以是物,在定语从句中作定语,本句定语从句中缺少主语,不能用whose;此句的先行词book指物,可以用that或which来引导定语从句,当先行词由形容词最高级修饰时只能用that作为定语从句的关联词。故答案为A。
点睛:在定语从句中用that 而不用which 的情况:
1)当先行词是:all , any , anything , everything , nothing或被它们修饰时。例如:
Is there anything that I can do for you 有什么可以为你做的吗?
All that can be done must be done.凡是能做的都必须做。
2)当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。例如:
That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop.那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一。
The first thing that we should do is to get some food. 我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。
3)当先行词有:the only , the very , the same , the last 等修饰时。例如:
My necklace is not the only thing that's missing. 我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。
4)当主句以who或which开头时,定语从句中引导词用that ,不用which 或who。例如:
Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat 正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁?
5)当先行词既有人又有物时,用that 。例如:
The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known.
你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。
4.D
【详解】句意:我叔叔刚买的汽车在地震中被损坏了。whose先行词是人或物,在定语从句中作定语;whom先行词指人,在从句中作宾语;who先行词指人,在定语从句中作主语;which先行词指物,在从句中可以作主语也可以作宾语。本句的先行词the car,指物,故关联词可以用that或which,在定语从句中充当bought的宾语,结合选项,故选D。
5.A
【详解】句意:莉莉喜欢那种她能跟着唱的音乐。此句考查定语从句的引导词,what不能引导定语从句,首先要排除;who/whom的先行词必须是人,此句的先行词music指物,只能用that或which作为关联词,故答案为A。
6.A
【详解】句意:罗尔德 达尔是一个伟大的儿童作家,他苦难的经历帮助他描绘出一幅不同于其他大部分作家的画面。that的先行词是人或物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;who的先行词是人,在定语从句中作主语;whom先行词是人,在定语从句中作宾语。此句的先行词 picture指物,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that或者which,故答案选A。
7.A
【详解】句意:我想告诉你一些当你参观法国时应该知道的餐桌礼仪。分析句子结构,本句定语从句的引导词,what, how不能引导定语从句,首先排除C,D答案;当先行词指人时,才能用who,此句的先行词table manners为下文定语从句的逻辑宾语,且指物,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that或者which,故选A。
8.B
【详解】句意:屠呦呦是那个用植物的特殊功效救了上百万条生命的妇女。which先行词指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;who的先行词是人,在定语从句中作主语;whose先行词是人或物,在定语从句中作定语。此句定语从句先行词为the woman,指人,引导词在定语从句中作主语。故答案为B。
9.C
【详解】句意:——央视制作了一个电视节目--中国诗歌大会。你看了吗?——当然,在复旦附中学习的16岁的武亦姝获得了冠军。作为定语从句的关联词,which先行词指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;where先行词是地点名词,在定语从句中作状语;who的先行词是人,在定语从句中作主语;whom先行词是人,在定语从句中作宾语。此句的先行词是Wu Yishu,是一个表示人的先行词,在定语从句中充当主语,用who来引导,故选C。
点睛:在定语从句中,关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1) who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:
Is he the man who/that wants to see you 他就是想见你的人吗 (who/that在从句中作主语)
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如:
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
10.B
【详解】句意:——你觉得那个叫《读者》的电视节目怎么样?——太棒了!这是我看过的最好的节目。本题考查定语从句的关联词,what不能引导定语从句,首先排除C;when的先行词是时间名词,在定语从句中状语,that的先行词是人或物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;who的先行词是人,在定语从句中作主语。此句的先行词program指物,只能用that或which。当先行词被形容词的最高级修饰时,只能用关系代词that,故答案为B。
点睛:在复合句中修饰句子中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
① 定语从句的位置:放在名词或代词的后面。如:The man who has an umbrella in his hand is my uncle. (手上拿着一把雨伞的那名男子是我的叔叔。)
② 语法术语的称谓:被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词,引导定语从句的连接词称为关系词,其中that, which, who, whom, whose称为关系代词;where, when, how称为关系副词。
11.D
【详解】句意:我的朋友Mary,还有她的姐妹们在中国学习汉语。that关系代词,不能引导非限制性定语从句,故排除;which关系代词,先行词指物,这里的先行词是Mary,指人,故排除;who关系代词,引导非限制性定语从句,先行词指人;are studying现在进行时,正在学习;study学习,动词原形;studies第三人称单数形式。这句话的主语是Mary as well as her sisters,谓语动词的单复数形式应和as well as 前面的名词形式一致,用单数,故选D。
12.C
【详解】在我家对面是一个售票价格比较低的电影院,我十岁的儿子和他的同班同学经常在周六去那儿。A. 一个在周日开放的博物馆 B. 一个为未成年人设计的游泳池 C. 一个售票价格比较低的电影院 D. 一个两年后将会竣工的图书馆,根据on Saturday,可知强调的时间是周末,故排除A;根据My ten-year-old son 我十岁的儿子,可知说的是未成年人,故排除B;根据often goes there经常去那儿,可知是已经建成的建筑,故排除D,综上所述,故答案为C。
13.A
【详解】句意:我不喜欢我父母在我生日时给我买的礼物。which引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语,宾语或表语;who引导定语从句,修饰人,作主语,宾语或表语;what引导名词性从句,作主语或宾语;as正如,正像,先行词前有the same, such修饰时,用as引导定语从句。此处先行词the present“礼物”,表示事物,故排除B项,作为名词后的定语从句引导词,故排除C项。先行词present前没有the same, such修饰,因此不用as引导定语从句。故选A。
14.D
【详解】句意:这是那个我曾经参观过的地方。there那里,作地点状语,不引导定语从句;when引导定语从句,作时间状语;where引导定语从句,作地点状语;which引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语,宾语或表语;此处先行词the place表示事物,定语从句中动词visit后缺少宾语,故用which引导。故选D。
15.B
【详解】句意:我讨厌说得多做得少的人。whom引导定语从句,修饰人,作宾语或表语;who引导定语从句,修饰人,作主语,宾语或表语;whose引导定语从句,修饰名词,作定语;which引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语,宾语或表语;此处先行词people表示人,在定语从句中缺少主语,故用who引导,故选B。
16.B
【详解】句意:这是我想要买的那座房子。in which=where在定语从句作状语;that引导定语从句,作主语,宾语或表语;whose修饰名词,作定语;此处定语从句中动词buy后面缺少宾语,故用that引导。故选B。
点睛:定语从句中的关系代词who, whom, which和that,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;关系副词when, where和why在定语从句中作状语。
17.A
【详解】句意:我讨厌那些当别人遇到麻烦,不帮忙的人们。who引导定语从句,修饰人,作主语,宾语或表语;which引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语,宾语或表语;they他们,作主语,不引导从句。where在哪里,引导定语从句,作地点状语。此处修饰的先行词the people表示人,定语从句中缺少主语,故用who引导,故选A。
18.D
【详解】句意:昨天我收到的他的那封来信非常重要。who引导定语从句,修饰人,作主语,宾语或表语;where引导定语从句,作地点状语。what引导名词性从句,作主语,宾语或表语。that引导定语从句,修饰人或事物,作主语,宾语或表语;此处先行词the letter表示事物,在定语从句中动词received后面缺少宾语,故用that引导,故选D。
19.A
【详解】句意:乔治·马洛里是一位喜欢爬山的英语学校教师。who引导定语从句,修饰人,作主语,宾语或表语;whom引导定语从句,修饰人,作宾语或表语;he他,作主语,不引导从句。which引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语,宾语或表语;此处先行词teacher是人,定语从句中缺少主语,故用who,故选A。
点睛:修饰人的定语从句的引导词有:who, whom, whose和that。修饰事物的定语从句引导词有:which, that,whose,when, where和why。
20.C
【详解】句意:怀特先生来到警察局,他的汽车已经被偷了。who引导定语从句,修饰人,作主语,宾语或表语;that引导定语从句,修饰人或事物,作主语,宾语或表语;whose在定语从句中作定语,修饰名词;which引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语,宾语或表语;此处的定语从句中修饰名词car,故用whose,故选C。
21.B
【详解】句意:——昨天给我们做演讲的那位科学家在哪里?——他已经回到清华大学。whom引导定语从句,修饰人,作宾语或表语;who引导定语从句,修饰人,作主语,宾语或表语;whose引导定语从句,修饰名词,作定语;which引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语,宾语或表语;此处先行词the scientist表示人,在定语从句中缺少主语,故用who引导,故选B。
22.C
【详解】句意:参观我们学校的那位外国人来自加拿大。which引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语,宾语或表语;when在何时,引导定语从句,作时间状语。who引导定语从句,修饰人,作主语,宾语或表语;whom引导定语从句,修饰人,作宾语或表语;因为先行词the foreigner表示人,定语从句中缺少主语,故用who引导。故选C。
23.D
【详解】句意:——那位老师认识种树的每个人吗?——是的,他认识。which引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语,宾语或表语;故whose修饰名词,作定语;where引导定语从句,作地点状语。that引导定语从句,修饰人或事物,作主语,宾语或表语;此处先行词everybody表示人,是不定代词,故用that。故选D。
点睛:定语从句中只用that不用which的情况:
1. 当先行词是不定代词时,如:all ,few, little, much, every, something, anything, everything等
2. 当先行词被不定代词little, few, no, any等或被 the only, the very, the same等修饰时等;
3. 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时;
4. 先行词既有人又有物时;
5. 在疑问词which开头的句子中。
24.B
【详解】句意:这是一个关于这个男孩的暖心故事,他挽救了他妈妈的生命。which先行词指物,在从句中可以作主语也可以作宾语;who先行词指人,在定语从句中作主语;whose先行词是人或物,在定语从句中作定语;whom先行词指人,在从句中作宾语。本句的先行词是boy,指人,空格后面的词语是saved,因此空格处需要一个可以作主语的关联词,综上所述,故选B。
25.C
【详解】句意:《西游记》是一本影响青少年很大的书,这本书很受欢迎。who意思是"谁”,引导定语从句的时候,作主语或宾语,先行词是人;when意思是“当……的时候”,引导定语从句的时候,先行词是表示时间的名词;which意思是“哪一个”,引导定语从句的时候,先行词是物,可以作主语也可以作宾语;what不能引导定语从句。本句的先行词是book,是表示物的名词,所以要用which来引导定语从句,故答案选C。
26.D
【详解】句意:——我不会忘记这里过去帮助和信任我的老师们。——我也不会。本题考查定语从句。本句中的 used to help and trust me在复合句中作定语从句,由于先行词the teachers为下文定语从句的逻辑主语,而且指人,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用who;故答案选D。
点睛:本题考查宾语从句,解答此类题首先要读懂句意分析成分,找出先行词是什么,指人还是指物,时间还是地点;然后分析定语从句中是否缺成分,如果缺少主语、宾语、表语,要用关系代词(which、that、who、whose、whom、as等),如果缺少状语,要用关系副词(where、when、why等)。本句中的先行词the teachers为定语从句的逻辑主语,而且指人,所以用关系代词who来引导;故答案选D。
27.C
【详解】试题分析:句意:你应该知道你现在必须做到的第一件事是去做你的家庭作业。谢谢提醒我。根据the first修饰先行词时,后面定语从句的关系代词只能使用that。故选C。
考点:考查定语从句的用法。
28.C
【详解】句意:能储存很多信息的电脑被广泛地应用在全世界。who谁;that那个;where在哪里。根据句子结构可知,这里是一个定语从句,先行词是the computer,指物,定语从句中缺少主语,不能省略,故应选C。
29.B
【详解】句意:第一夫人彭丽媛正在和荷兰王后Maxima一起浇花,这些花被取名叫Cathy。what什么;which哪一个;who谁;whose谁的。根据句子结构可知,这里是一个定语从句,先行词是the flowers,在句中做主语,故应选B。
30.B
【详解】句意:我们盼望的那一天终于到了。本句是定语从句。先行词是the day,是物,引导词用that或which, 定语从句we were looking forward to是修饰the day,主句缺少谓语动词,arriving是非谓语动词,不能使用,arrived是谓语动词,arrive的过去式,故填arrived;结合句意和语境可知选B。
31.D
【详解】句意:我将永远记得我和你一起在香港度过的日子。
考查定语从句。when关系副词,先行词指时间,在从句中作状语;on which介词+关系代词;on that错误用法;根据句子结构可知,这里考查的是定语从句,先行词是“the days”,在定语从句中作“spent”的宾语,指物,应用关系代词that或which来引导,做宾语时关系代词可以省略。故选D。
32.B
【分析】
【详解】句意:Rosa喜欢娴雅斯文的歌曲。
考查定语从句的引导词,先行词music是物,且引导词在定语从句中作主语。故选B。
33.D
【详解】句意:任何能提供有用信息的人都应该联系警察。考查定语从句。本句是定语从句,先行词anyone指的是人,需用who引导,故选D。
34.C
【详解】句意:站在门旁边的那个单身男人很奇怪。which stands是which引导的定语从句,先行词应是物;that stand是that引导的定语从句;who stand是who引导的定语从句。这个定语从句的先行词是The single man,指人,故先排除A,that或者who都可以引导定语从句,先行词是人,并在从句中作主语。定语从句中谓语动词的单复数形式应跟先行词一致,这里应用单数形式,故应选C。
35.B
【详解】句意:他喜欢低碳生活,他住在一个他自己用垃圾建造的房子里。这里是考查定语从句,先行词是the house,在定语从句中,缺少宾语,所以用关系代词,排除A;what不能引导定语从句;in which在从句中做状语;故选B
36.B
【详解】句意:我上周买的那台电脑昨天被偷了。太遗憾了!此句是定语从句,what不能引导定语从句,首先排除C;先行词是computer,引导词用that或which,当引导词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略,A答案中which就是定语从句的宾语,it不能再使用;D答案中,作宾语的that/which可以省略,it也不能再使用,故答案为B。
37.D
【详解】句意:——请告诉我关于杨利伟的事情。——他是一个所有中国人都为他感到自豪的宇航员。
考查定语从句。that指人或物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;whose先行词是人或物,在定语从句中作定语;who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;whom指人,在定语从句作宾语。先行词是astronaut指人,be proud of为……感到自豪;这是一个定语从句,介词of后面应用宾格,故选D。
38.D
【详解】句意:——你为什么如此担心?——我把那块我生日时爸爸买给我的手表弄丢了。考查定语从句,先行词是watch表示物,故关系代词只能用which或that;what不引导定语从句;who的先行词是人;whose表示所属;故选D。
39.D
【详解】句意:根据一项调查,能说两种语言的人可以同时管理两件事。考查疑问词辨析。A. which哪一个,代物/人;B. whom谁,宾格,代人;C. whose谁的,代物主;D. who谁,主格,代人。本句是定语从句,people人/人们,在句中做主语,结合句意和语境,可知选D。
40.D
【详解】句意:Sara就是那个教会我如何使用微信的女孩。首先根据语境推测句意是"Sara就是那个教会我如何使用微信的女孩.",分析句子结构,本句中的"has taught me how to use Wechat"在复合句中作定语从句,由于先行词girl 为下文定语从句的逻辑主语,且指人,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that/who,故选D。
41.A
【详解】试题分析:句意:这张相片使我想起了我在大学时遇到过的人和事。前空是固定结构:remind sb. of…使某人想起……;提醒某人……;后面的the things and persons是先行词,后面跟的是定语从句,先行词在定语从句中作宾语,用关系代词,既有人,也有物时,关系词用that。故选A。
考点:考查定语从句。
42.D
【详解】试题分析:本句中先行词the information为下文定语从句的逻辑主语,指物,故引导词应用that或者which,结合所给选项,可知选D。
考点:定语从句
点评:定语从句引导词的用法比较复杂,其关键就是根据先行词的不同选择不同的引导词.并注意作介词宾语的引导词只能使用宾格形式.that不能用于非限制性定语从句中.
43.C
【详解】句意:-先生,需要帮忙吗?-我想要一本曹文萱写的新书。本题考察定语从句,先行词a new book表示物,引导词为that或which,所以答案为C。
44.A
【详解】试题分析:句意:昨天,格林先生去了他的家乡并且参观了他出生时的那所旧房子。____ he was born in是定语从句,修饰house。先行词是house,关系代词词用that或者which,关系副词where相当于in which。根据从句中缺少宾语,故选A。
考点:考查定语从句的用法。
45.C
【详解】句意:-关于John Nash你了解多少?-只有一点点,他是一个获得诺贝尔奖的科学家,昨天在一场交通事故中去世了。which引导定语从句,是关系代词,先行词是物;what什么,不能引导定语从句;who引导定语从句,关系代词,先行词是人,在句中做主语或宾语;whom引导定语从句时,在从句中只能做宾语。这里考查的是定语从句,先行词是a Nobel Prize-winning scientist,指人,并且从句中缺少的是主语,故应选C。
46.C
【详解】句意:建于上世纪60年代的南京长江大桥现在正在修理。who引导定语从句,先行词应该是人,在从句中做主语或宾语;whose…的;which引导定语从句,先行词是物,which在从句中做主语或宾语;what什么,不能引导定语从句。这个定语从句的先行词是Nanjing Yangtse River Bridge,是物,故应选C。
47.B
【详解】句意:你找到了你在报告中可以使用的关于那些著名科学家的信息了吗?where在哪里,表示地点;which引导定语从句,先行词应该是物;what什么,不能引导定语从句;who引导定语从句,先行词是人。这里考查的是定语从句,先行词并不是空前的famous scientists,而是the information,指代的是物,故应选B。
48.D
【详解】句意:很多著名的明星表演的一些有趣的电视节目吸引了很多年轻人。on which是介词加上关系代词引导的定语从句,on表示在具体的某一天或者在...上面;that是关系代词,引导定语从句,在从句中做主语或宾语;which关系代词,先行词是物,引导定语从句,在从句中做主语或宾语;in which是介词in加上关系代词引导定语从句,in表示在...里面或在某一年月、季节等。根据句意可知,这个定语从句修饰的名词是Some interesting TV shows,应是在节目里面表演,故应用介词in加关系代词。选D。
49.D
【详解】句意:——琳达,你能告诉我一些关于阿加莎·克里斯蒂的事吗?——好的。阿加莎·克里斯蒂是一位被认为写犯罪类小说的女王的女作家。“is considered as the queen of crime novels.”是定语从句,先行词是writer,先行词是人时,用引导词who或that;结合句意和语境可知选D。
点睛:定语从句:在复合句中作定语,用来修饰句子中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词;引导定语从句的连接词称为关系词,其中that、which、who称为关系代词,where、when、how称为关系副词。(1)关系代词who、whom和whose分别在从句中作主语、宾语和定语。which指物that多指物, 有时也指人,它们在从句中可以作主语或宾语。定语从句中关系代词作从句宾语时可以省略。例如,This is the thief (that/who/whom) we have been looking for these days. (这个就是我们近日一直在找的小偷。) /定语从句中关系代词作从句主语时不可以省略。例如,Please find a room which is big enough for all of us to live in. (请找一间足够大能住下我们全体的房间。) whose 是定语从句中一个常用的关系代词?表示先行词与后面的名词是所属关系,意思是" …… 的…";先行词既可是人也可是物,?它可以指"人的…"?也可以指"物的…",?既可以引导限制性定语从句?也可以引导非限制性定语从句。例如,The boys whose names were called stood up.( 叫到名字的男孩们站了起来。)/ The house whose windows are broken is empty. (破了窗户的那座房子是空的。)(2)关系副词when或where引导定语从句时,它们在从句中分别作时间状语和地点状语。如:This is the room where they had a quarrel a week ago. (这是一个星期前他们吵架的房间。) / I can never forget the day when I first saw you. (我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。) 1、关系代词只能用that的情况:当先行词是指事物的不定代词(all, anything等),或先行词部分含有最高级,或含有序数词时,不能用其他的关系代词,只能用that. 如:All that Lily told me seems untrue. (Lily告诉我的话似乎不真实。) 2、当关系代词紧跟在介词后面时,必须用which或whom,而当介词移到句尾时,则又可以使用that或who. 如:This is the room in which Miss Li once lived. (= This is the room Miss Li once lived in.) (这是李小姐曾经居住过的房间。)
50.A
【详解】本题考查定语从句。根据句意“你穿上那件你女儿为你买的衣服看起来很时尚”。先行词为the T-shirt,指物,在从句中做宾语。A. which指物,做主语和宾语;B.指人,做主语和宾语;C.whom指人,做宾语;D. whose指人和物,做定语。故选A。
【点睛】作定语从句时,可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词,要先看先行词指人、指物还是既指人又指物。二要看从句中做何种成分,从而做出正确的判断。
51.B
【详解】句意:多么糟糕的一天呀!我让人修好的车又坏了。这里I had repaired是定语从句,先行词是前面的名词car,关系词that或which在定语从句中作宾语省略了,it也是指代the car,所以定语从句中关系词代替先行词了,it必须去掉。故选B。
52.B
【详解】句意:张丽丽被认为是最美丽的老师,在危险她给了她的学生们她的爱。
考查定语从句。先行词teacher指人,在从句中作主语。且前面有 the most beautiful 修饰,是最高级,要用that,故选B。
53.C
【详解】试题分析:句意:—你认为我买的那本书怎么样?—我认为值得读。根据先行词是物,所以引导词可以用that或者which,结合选项,故选C。
考点:考查定语从句的关系词。
54.C
【详解】句意:他娶的那个女人是一个医生。
考查定语从句。be married to是一个固定短语。先行词woman在定语从句中作介词宾语,可以用关系代词whom代替。故选C。
55.B
【详解】试题分析:句意:---杰克,这学期谁是你的新英语老师?---穿蓝色T恤的那位男士。此题考查定语从句,因为先行词是man,在定语从句中作主语,故用who,应选B 。
考点:考查定语从句。
56.B
【详解】试题分析:句意:---哈利波特是我最喜欢的小说,你喜欢看吗?--当然了。句子为定语从句,句中缺少关系词,当先行词是物作宾语时,引导词用that或which。结合句意,故选B。
考点:考查定语从句的用法。
57.A
【详解】句意:——我听说邵逸夫去世了。——是的,他是一个伟大的人,他捐赠数十亿美元给慈善机构,学校和医院。
考查定语从句。which先行词是物或事情;这是一个定语从句,先行词man是人,故用who/whom引导,关系词在定语从句中作主语时用who而不能用whom,也不能省略,故选A。
58.B
【详解】句意:偷《蒙娜·丽莎》的那个人最终被逮住已经一个世纪了。
考查定语从句。which的先行词指物或事情;who的先行词指人,关系词在定语从句中作主语;whom的先行词指人,关系词在定语从句中作宾语;what不能引导定语从句。the man是先行词,指人,故排除AD,关系词在从句中做主语,排除C。应该用关系代词who,故选B。
59.D
【详解】句意:昨天我看见的车卖地很好。
考查定语从句。what不能引导定语从句,故排除AC;因为先行词是The cars指物, 故用that引导,根据yesterday可知定语从句用一般过去式。故选D。
60.A
【详解】句意:——你正在找什么?——我正在找我昨天买的那块手表。
考查定语从句。句子是含有定语从句的复合句,先行词为“watch手表”,在从句中作“bought买”的宾语;作宾语,指物,用关系词代词that/which引导定语从句。故选A
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