【全程方略】2014年中考专题突破课件：专题一 听 力（含2013年中考真题，67张PPT）

课件67张PPT。专题一　听　力 听力是中考英语测试中比较固定的测试题型, 它主要用来考查学生通过录音材料获取信息和迅速处理信息的能力。由于平时受语言环境的限制, 听力一直是大部分考生比较头疼的试题类型, 但实际上, 听力测试成绩好坏与学生平时英语基础知识的掌握情况有直接关系。要做好听力试题除了要有好的语言知识储备、大量的听说实践之外, 还需要掌握一定的听力技巧。现按题型分别讲解应试技巧如下。 一、图片题
【技巧1】看清图片内容, 找出图片区别+把握关键词
　　图片选择题信息丰富, 主要考查学生理解事实细节和图文转换的能力。听力材料中的句子(对话)一般分成两种, 一是直接描述画面, 另一种是画面中的人、物或与画面相关的内容在句子(对话)中被提及。此类题目的关键是仔细看清图片内容, 找出图片间的区别, 根据图片的提示和句子(对话)的关键词, 得出正确答案。范例1. (2013·福州中考)
听句子, 选择正确的画面。每小题读一遍。
1. 　　　2. 　　　3. 　　　4. 　　　5. 　　 ?原文:
1. There is a post office near our school.
2. The girl has long black hair.
3. Mr. Zhang is working on the computer now.
4. The more vegetables you eat, the healthier you will be.
5. In a few years, people in Fuzhou will take the subway to school or work. 【点拨】在听之前先观察图片, 预判关键词: A—bike B—vegetables; C—computer; D—post office; E—girl/long hair, F—subway。从听力材料我们可以看出这五个句子对五幅图片做了直接描述, 每个句子都包含着我们所预判的关键词。因此, 在该题中看清图片内容, 预判关键词(黑体部分)会大大降低听力难度。 二、听句子选答语
【技巧2】熟知考纲中的日常交际用语+了解东西方文化的差异, 排除母语干扰
这类题目要求根据所听到的内容, 选出最恰当的答语。主要考查学生对语言功能项目的掌握及运用能力, 即能否在不同场合正确、得体地使用英语的能力。由于句子相对比较简短、精练, 部分学生来不及应变。因此, 解答此类题目的关键是熟知考纲中的日常交际用语, 并了解东西方文化的差异, 排除母语的干扰。范例2. (2013·兰州中考)
听句子, 从A、B、C三个选项中选择一个恰当的应答语。每个句子读两遍。
1. A. It’s June 18th. B. It’s Tuesday. C. It’s 2013.
2. A. See you. B. Speaking, please.
C. I’d love to.
3. A. My pleasure. B. All right.
C. That’s all right. 原文:
1. What’s the date today?
2. May I speak to the manager?
3. I’m sorry for my being late. 【点拨】做此类听力, 可先根据选项预判句子内容。第1题要注意听问几月几号、星期几还是哪一年; 第2题A项是告别用语, B项是电话用语, C项表达意愿; 第3题A项是回应对方感谢的答语, B项表示同意、许可, C项表示原谅等。 三、听短对话回答问题
【技巧3】预测/读懂问题+细听关键词句
在仅给出选项的短对话理解中, 务必先根据选项预测问题; 在给出问题和选项的短对话理解中, 要读懂问题。问题清楚了听录音时就能有目的地去找关键词句。范例3. (2013·荆门中考)
听对话, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话仅读一遍。
How does Mary’s brother study for a test?
A. By working with friends.
B. By listening to tapes.
C. By reading the textbook. 原文:
M: How do you study for a test, Mary?
W: By working with my friends, but my brother studies by reading the textbook. 【点拨】问题How does Mary’s brother study for a test? 的意思是“玛丽的哥哥如何学习应对考试? ”结合选项可知我们听的重点是关键词friends, tapes, textbook与人物的匹配。 【技巧4】根据选项预测话题, 听清问题+关键词
范例4. (2012·铜仁中考)
A. She will go swimming.
B. She will watch TV.
C. She will go to the park. 原文:
M: Are you free today, Kelly?
W: Oh, Yes. But I’m going to swim this afternoon.
Q: What will Kelly do this afternoon?
【点拨】根据选项, 我们可以预测问题应是“计划, 打算”, 关键词应是go swimming, watch TV或go to the park。在听的过程中, 我们很容易捕捉到swim一词, 答案也就一目了然了。 四、听长对话、短文回答问题
【技巧5】预读抓联系+细听关键词句+把握顺序原则
在长对话和短文理解中, 同一个对话或短文对应好几道题, 这些题目之间具有联系, 因此在预读时重点关注题目之间的联系, 并根据题目内容及彼此之间的关联预测长对话或短文的中心意思。在听的过程中要重点留意关键词, 掌握好顺序原则(即在听力考试中题目的先后顺序与答案在录音中出现的先后顺序一致)。范例5. (2013·襄阳中考)
听下面一段较长的对话, 回答第1~3小题。
1. What is Jenny doing now?
A. She’s doing homework.
B. She’s watching TV.
C. She’s going to the park.
2. What does Frank think of the TV shows?
A. They’re interesting. B. They’re boring.
C. They’re relaxing. 3. When are they going to the zoo?
A. At eight a. m. . B. At two p. m. .
C. At three p. m. . 原文:
M: Hello, Jenny. What are you doing now?
W: Hi, Frank. I’m doing my homework.
M: Jenny, I hear the mother panda has a new baby in the zoo. It’s very cute. Can we go and watch them?
W: Sorry, I can’t. I have no time in the morning.
M: What a pity! But I have nothing to do now.
W: Why not watch TV at home? M: The TV shows are boring. I can’t stand them. Mmm. . . , can you go to the zoo with me this afternoon?
W: This afternoon? Let me see. Mmm. . . OK. I’ll be free this afternoon.
M: That’s great! Let’s go at three this afternoon, shall we?
W: OK.
【点拨】根据题目内容及其之间的联系我们可容易预测两个学生在谈论目前进行的活动及计划要做的事情, 我们需要重点听的信息是: 人物、活动、时间以及评价。 五、填表(完成短文)题
【技巧6】看懂图表或短文大意, 明白空格上要填的内容+带着问题听关键词句
范例6. (2013·安徽中考)
你将听到一篇短文。请根据短文内容, 写出下面表格中所缺的单词, 每空仅填一词。短文读两遍。原文:
There are different kinds of sales in the world, such as yard sales, Christmas sales and end-of-season sales. Next Sunday, there will be a sale in our school. It will be held on the playground. About two hundred students from 7 classes are going to take part in the activity. We can sell used things such as cards, toys and bookmarks. Also, we can change used things for what we need. In this way, we can not only make full use of used things, but also protect the environment. 【点拨】根据表头以及表中句子我们可以预测这是一篇关于“二手用品校园大销售”的文章。第26题要注意听时间，第27题填参加本次活动的班级数目，第28题是二手用品举例，第29题应是一个动词，第30题应是一个形容词修饰名词use。这样分析好题目以后，我们就可以带着这些问题去仔细听录音中的关键词。 考点一 句子理解
句子理解是各地英语中考的常见题型，所听句子的交际性、真实性、时代感越来越强，考查角度重在强调考生的反应能力、捕捉信息的能力和应答能力。预计听句子选择正确的答语和听句子选择图片仍将是今后中考句子理解最常见的两种题型。前者重在考查学生对语言功能项目的掌握及运用能力，后者重在考查学生结合图片捕捉关键信息的能力。【真题链接】
Ⅰ. 听句子，选择恰当的答语。每小题读一遍。
(2013·福州中考)
1. A. Winter. B. Chinese. C. Sunday.
2. A. It’s bad. B. Thank you.
C. You’re welcome.
3. A. It’s dry. B. It’s exciting.
C. It’s expensive. 4. A. Go ahead.
B. Sorry, he’s not in.
C. This is Jane speaking.
5. A. You’re right.
B. Well done.
C. Good idea. 原文:
1. Which season do you like best?
2. Maria, your new dress is beautiful!
3. What do you think of the basketball match?
4. Hello! Who’s that speaking?
5. Why not go to the park with me this afternoon? 【答案分析】
1. 【解析】选A。season意为“季节”, 故选A。
2. 【解析】选B。在英语国家，对于他人的赞美、表扬，多用“Thank you/Thanks”作答。
3. 【解析】选B。关键词是basketball match, 只有选项B合适。
4. 【解析】选C。“Hello! Who’s that speaking? ”是电话用语, 意为“你好！你是哪位？”。
5. 【解析】选C。You’re right你说得对; Well done干得好; Good idea好主意。所听句子的意思是“今天下午你为什么不和我一起去公园呢？”，故选C。Ⅱ. 听句子。选择与所听句子内容相符的图片。每小题读两遍。
（2012·成都中考）
1. ______ 2. ______ 3. ______ 4. ______原文:
1. Right, this is my key.
2. The student often listens to the radio.
3. The man is cooking now.
4. The book cost me 45 dollars. 【答案分析】
1. 【解析】选C。听到关键词key便可以选定答案C。
2. 【解析】选A。原文句意: 这个学生经常听收音机。听到关键词the student, listens, radio中的任何一个就能选出答案A。
3. 【解析】选D。听到关键词the man，cooking中的任何一个就能选出答案D。
4. 【解析】选B。原文句意: 这本书花了我45美元。听到关键词45，dollars中的任何一个就能选出答案B。考点二 小对话理解
小对话理解是大部分地市英语中考听力的必考题型，该题型内容广泛，主要涉及日常生活、文化教育、交通旅行等，但问题设置基本固定，主要集中在时间、地点、人物（身份）、活动内容、出行方式、天气状况、数字、意愿、比较、原因判断等方面。预计今后中考命题仍将以听对话回答问题和选出与对话内容相符的图片为小对话理解的主要题型。【真题链接】
听五段对话，选择正确答案。每段对话读两遍。你将有20秒钟的时间阅读下面5个小题。
（2013·德州中考）
1. What does the man want to be?
A. A reporter. B. An actor. C. A doctor.
2. How much time does Jane spend on her hobbies now?
A. About two hours.
B. About an hour.
C. About half an hour. 3. When was Jim born?
A. In 1992. B. In 1991. C. In 1994.
4. Where can this conversation probably happen?
A. In the shop. B. At the airport. C. In the hotel.
5. What’s Mary’s favorite sport?
A. Boating. B. Swimming. C. Surfing. 原文:
1. M: What does your mother do, Julia?
W: She’s a doctor.
M: Really? I want to be a doctor.
2. M: Jane, how long do you spend on your hobbies?
W: I used to spend about 2 hours, but now about half an hour. I’ve got too much work to do.
3. W: I was born in July 1992. What about you, Jim?
M: I am one year older than you. 4. W: Good afternoon, sir. What can I do for you?
M: I’d like to check out, Room 501.
W: All right. Here’s the bill.
5. M: What’s your favorite sport, Mary?
W: I like water sports. Boating is my favorite. 【答案分析】
1. 【解析】选C。该对话涉及职业的关键词只有doctor一词。
2. 【解析】选C。该题注意时间，但对话中提及两个时间，要注意区分: used to/2 hours; now/half an hour。
3. 【解析】选B。该题涉及数字计算，由“one year older than you”可知: 1992-1=1991。
4. 【解析】选C。该题的关键信息是“Room 501”。
5. 【解析】选A。该题的关键词是“Boating is my favorite”。听下面五段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的Ａ、B、C三幅图片中选出最佳选项。
（2012·达州中考）
1. Where is Alice’s pen pal from? 2. What was Helen doing when the accident happened?
3. When will the man have his birthday party? 4. What is the man going to buy for his father?
5. What’s the weather like now? 原文:
1. M: Where is your pen pal from, Alice?
W: She is from China.
2. M: What were you doing when the accident happened, Helen?
W: I was playing chess.
3. M: Jenny, could you please come to my birthday party on June 8th?
W: Sure. I’d love to. 4. M: Father’s Day is coming. I’m going to buy a present for my father.
W: Have you decided what to buy?
M: I think I can buy him a T-shirt. His is too old.
5. M: It’s raining outside now. How can you go home without an umbrella, Jane?
W: Don’t worry. I’ll call a taxi. 【答案分析】
1. 【解析】选B。A是美国国旗; B是中国国旗; C是加拿大国旗。对话中提到的国家是China，故选B。
2. 【解析】选A。A是playing chess; B是playing the violin; C是playing soccer。对话中的答语是“I was playing chess”，故选A。
3. 【解析】选A。该题听清June 8th是关键，因为图片中有June，July，8th，18th，迷惑性很强。4. 【解析】选C。A是trousers; B是hat; C是T-shirt。对话中唯一提及的是T-shirt，故选C。
5. 【解析】选B。A是sunny; B是rainy; C是snowy。在对话中我们可听到raining及umbrella，故选B。考点三 长对话理解
长对话理解也是各地市英语中考听力的常见题型。近年来，长对话理解的材料内容越来越鲜活丰富，信息量不断加大，考查角度更加灵活多变，形式也不断多样化。常见题型有: 听一段长对话回答两个问题、三个问题或五个问题; 根据对话内容填空（表）、判断正误等。【真题链接】
录音中有一段对话，听对话两遍后，从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。
（2013·德州中考）
1. What’s the relationship(关系)between the two speakers?
A. Mother and son.
B. Teacher and student.
C. Classmates. 2. What will Gary do on his birthday?
A. Hold a birthday party.
B. Climb Mount Taishan.
C. Make a poster with his classmates.
3. How are Gary and his classmates going to Mount Taishan?
A. By train.
B. By bus.
C. We don’t know. 4. Where are Gary and his classmates going to stay at night?
A. In a hotel.
B. On the mountain top.
C. At the foot of the mountain.
5. Who will go to Mount Taishan with Gary and his classmates?
A. Gary’s mum.
B. Gary’s head teacher.
C. Only Gary and his classmates. 原文:
M: Morning, Mum.
W: Morning, Gary. Your birthday is coming. What’s your plan?
M: Can I invite my classmates to our house, Mum?
W: Sure. Then you’re going to hold a birthday party, aren’t you?
M: No. Not really. You know, I’m a member of our travelling club in my school. We want more fellows to join us. So we are going to make a poster for our summer holiday trip. W: That sounds great. Can you tell me more about your holiday trip?
M: Of course. We are going to take a trip to Mountain Taishan. It will take us 2 days to go around the mountain. We need to get prepared for it.
W: You’re right. How are you going there then? By train? Or by bus?
M: I don’t know yet. We’re going to talk about it.
W: And we should also make sure you know where to stay at night. M: We are not staying in a hotel. We are going camping on the mountain top.
W: Really? That sounds interesting.
M: And we will climb up the mountain from the foot to the top.
W: I’m proud of you, Gary. Do you have any teacher to go with you?
M: Yes, our head teacher will go with us.
W: Perfect. OK, let me know if you need my help.
M: Thank you, Mum. 【答案分析】
1. 【解析】选A。该题答案由对话第一句“Morning, Mum. ”可知。
2. 【解析】选C。由对话中“No. Not really”“So we are going to make a poster for our summer holiday trip. ”可判断选C。
3. 【解析】选C。由对话中“By train? Or by bus? ” “I don’t know yet. We’re going to talk about it. ”可知选C。4. 【解析】选B。由对话中“We are not staying in a hotel. We are going camping on the mountain top. ”可知。
5. 【解析】选B。在对话接近结束时提及“Do you have any teacher to go with you? ” “Yes, our head teacher will go with us. ”，故选B。考点四 短文理解
短文理解（独白）因具有篇幅长、信息量大、题量多等特点成为中考听力考试中难度最大的题。由于题型设置相对灵活多变，常见的有选择、判断正误、填空、填表等，因此短文理解正逐渐成为各地市英语中考听力的必考题型。【真题链接】
请听下面一段短文, 根据短文内容完成表格, 每个空格不超过3个单词。短文读两遍。
(2013·南昌中考)原文:
Attention, please. On Saturday evening, there’s a talk for the International Club in our city by a famous writer, Miss Black. She teaches at the university in England. Well, she’s giving a talk at 8 p. m. on Saturday evening in the library. I’m sure you’ll find it very interesting. Miss Black has just returned from Africa and will talk about all her experiences there. She traveled through three different countries. She met lots of interesting people, including a famous actor. I’m sure the evening will be very popular. Have a good time. Thank you! 【答案分析】
1. 【解析】填Club。由“the International”可初步预测此处应是一个国际组织。
2. 【解析】填8 p. m. 。此处应是一个具体时间，即几点或几点几分。
3. 【解析】填in England。university之后应是表述大学所在地的名词。4. 【解析】填traveled。此处缺少一个动词，根据句意可初步预测为travel/walk之类的表示运动的词。
5. 【解析】填actor。句意为“她遇到了一位著名的______”, 因此可初步预测是singer/actor/musician等表示职业的名词。听短文，根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出所给问题的最佳答案。短文读两遍。
（2012·恩施中考）
1. Where is the parking lot?
A. In front of the hotel.
B. Across from the hotel.
C. Behind the hotel.
2. How will the tourists go there?
A. By train. B. By bike. C. By bus. 3. What do the tourists need to show when they have lunch?
A. A blue card.
B. A blue ticket.
C. A blue key.
4. What season is it now?
A. Summer. B. Winter. C. Spring.
5. Which of the following is right?
A. The tourists will visit Mount Huang.
B. The tourists will have breakfast at eight.
C. The tourists will get on the bus at the parking lot. 原文:
Hello，everyone! Here’s some information about our trip to Mount Tai tomorrow. We have a long way to go, so we have to get up early. We will have breakfast at a quarter past seven. Don’t be late，please，as the bus has to leave at eight. When you finish your breakfast，please go to the parking lot. There we’ll get on the bus. The parking lot is behind the hotel. We’ll have lunch at a restaurant near Mount Tai and please go tothe office to get a blue ticket. You need to show it when you have lunch. Oh, one more thing. I know it’s summer but it can get quite cold in the mountains even in July, so bring a jacket with you. You’ll need one in the evening. That’s all, and I’ll see you tomorrow morning. 【答案分析】
1. 【解析】选C。该题要回答parking lot与hotel两者之间的空间位置关系，所以听时要注意听有无in front of，across from，behind等词。
2. 【解析】选C。该题关键要听有关交通工具的词汇，听力材料两次提到bus。
3. 【解析】选B。三个选项中都有blue，因此在听时应重点关注blue之后的名词。4. 【解析】选A。该题要注意听有关季节、月份方面的词汇，关键句是“I know it’s summer but it can get quite cold in the mountains even in July”。
5. 【解析】选C。听力材料两次提到Mount Tai, 并没有提到Mount Huang; 问题1提到parking lot，且听力材料中也多次提到，因此比较容易得出答案为C。