【全程方略 语法攻略】2014年中考语法专项复习课件：并列句和复合句（含2013年中考真题，29张PPT）

课件29张PPT。十四、并列句和复合句一、并列句
由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连接起来的句子叫做并列句。常见分类:
1. 表示同等、平行或承接关系, 常用连词and, both. . . and, not
only. . . but also. . . , neither. . . nor. . . , as well as等。
2. 表示转折关系, 常用连词but, yet(然而), however(然而),
while(而)等。3. 表示选择关系, 常用连词or, not. . . but. . . (不是……而
是……), either. . . or. . . (要么……要么……)等。
4. 表示因果关系, 常用连词because, as, for(因为), so等。
二、复合句
　　由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫做复合句。从句需由关联词引导。初中英语教材主要涉及的复合句有状语从句、宾语从句和定语从句。考点一 状语从句?
【考点探究】
—Lucy, what are you going to do if it　　　　tomorrow?
—Maybe I’ll go shopping with my mother.
A. didn’t rain　　　　　B. doesn’t rain
C. won’t rain D. don’t rain【用法表解】
　　状语从句在复合句中起状语的作用, 修饰主句中的谓语、形容词或副词。状语从句由从属连词引导, 从属连词不充当句子成分, 只起连接作用。根据意义上的不同, 状语从句可分为: 时间状语从句、地点状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、比较状语从句等。考点二 宾语从句?
【考点探究】
1. —Could you please tell me　　　　?
—They’re over there.
A. where are the restrooms
B. where were the restrooms
C. where the restrooms are
D. where the restrooms were2. —Excuse me. Do you know　　　　to buy some apples?
—Sure, there’s a supermarket next to the bank.
A. where I can go B. who will help me
C. what I should take D. when is the right time【用法表解】
一、在主从复合句中作宾语的句子叫做宾语从句。
二、宾语从句的四个考点【温馨提示】
宾语从句中的否定转移
当主句的谓语是think, believe, guess, suppose等表示“认为、相信、猜想、期望”等意思的动词时, 主句的主语是第一人称, 且时态为一般现在时时, 从句的否定一般要转移到主句上来。其反意疑问句与宾语从句一致。考点三 定语从句?
【考点探究】
1. —Do you know the girl　　　　is talking to the headmaster over there?
—Of course. She is my sister.
A. who　　　 B. whom　　　C. which　　　D. what
2. Mr. Smith　　　　is smoking is looking for　　　　he lost yesterday.
A. whom; which B. who; what
C. that; who D. which; where【用法表解】
一、基本构成
1. 定义: 在复合句中作定语, 修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词, 通常位于定语从句之前。
2. 句式: 含有定语从句的复合句基本结构: 先行词+关系词+定语从句。二、关系代词的基本用法 I don’t know the boy who/ that is singing.
我不认识正在唱歌的那个男孩。
I’d like a room whose windows are big.
我想要一个有大窗户的房间。1. 以下情况只用that: 2. 以下情况只用who/whom: 3. 以下情况只用which: 三、关系副词的基本用法Ⅰ. 单项选择
1. (2013·滨州中考)—Hi, Bruce. Here is a letter for you.
—Thanks. I wonder　　　　.
A. who the letter was from　 B. who was from the letter
C. who was the letter from D. who from the letter was
【解析】选A。考查宾语从句。在主从复合句中, 宾语从句的语序要用陈述语序。答语句意为“多谢。我想知道这封信是谁发来的。”故选A。2. (2013·泰安中考)Liu Yang is the first Chinese woman astronaut　　　　has ever traveled in space.
A. whom　　　B. which　　　C. who　　　D. whose
【解析】选C。考查定语从句。句意: 刘洋是中国第一位到太空旅行的女宇航员。先行词为人, 且在从句中作主语, 因此引导词用that/who。3. (2013·雅安中考)Amy was reading a book　　　　I came in.
A. when B. while C. because D. though
【解析】选A。考查时间状语从句的引导词。because“因为”; though“尽管; 虽然”, 均与句意不符, 可排除; while引导的时间状语从句通常用进行时态, 表示主句的动作发生的同时, 从句的动作也正在发生; when“当……的时候”, 常用来引导时间状语从句, 故选A。4. (2012·达州中考)—That actor often joins in different activities in Beijing. Do you know　　　　?
—For 5 years.
A. how soon he will come back
B. how long he has stayed there
C. how long has he stayed there
D. how often does he go there
【解析】选B。考查宾语从句。由宾语从句的语序为陈述语序可排除C、D两项; 再由答语是for引导的时间状语可知宾语从句是how long引导的, 故选B。5. (2012·义乌中考)—I’m afraid I can’t remember　　　　.
—In Chouzhou Park, I think.
A. when did I first meet you
B. when I first met you
C. where did I first meet you
D. where I first met you
【解析】选D。考查宾语从句。宾语从句中从句的语序应是陈述语序。由答语“In Chouzhou Park”可知上句是询问地点, 故选D。Ⅱ. 句型转换
1. (2013·上海中考)This year’s car exhibition was very special. It attracted many visitors. (合并为一句)
This year’s car exhibition was　　　　special　　　　it attracted many visitors.
2. (2013·上海中考)“Who is responsible for the food safety problem? ”asked the reporter. (改为宾语从句)
The reporter asked　　　　 　　　　responsible for the food safety problem.
答案: 1. so; that　2. who was3. (2012·茂名中考)We all like the children. The children have good manners. (合并句子)
We all like the children　　　　have good manners.
答案: who/that