人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 5 Working the Land-单元重难点过关练（有答案）

UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND
Part I 基础知识强化练
I. 词形变化练
1. (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)If you are in need of a deadline _______ (extend), simply explain the situation to the professor.
2. (2021·全国乙卷)From now on, you’re going to have to stay away from ______ (salt) food.
3. We felt at home with her and were impressed with the ________ (deep) of her knowledge.
4. With the development of science and technology，the house in the future will be smart and caring in many _______ (aspect).
5. I tried something ________ (entire) new such as a dance class and a walking club. In addition, I tried to eat more ________ (nutrition) food. Also, I had to eat plenty of fiber in order to keep my digestion working well.
6. The _______ (real) is that there are still a large number of people facing _______ (poor) in the area.
7. A _________(short) of experience caused us to assess what had happened in an incorrect way.
8. Tom adjusted to his new school and ________ (overcome) his shyness, thus ________ (boost) his confidence.
II. 固定用法练
1. As the educator puts it, ______ (expand) your knowledge by reading more books is a wise choice.
2. It is essential that he _________ (get) some reliable information before making inferences.
3. Many people from all over the world have moved to America, _______ (make) it the most multicultural country in the world.
4. As far as I am concerned, the show was far ______ a failure, but it was a great success.
5. A bridge was reported __________ (crash) suddenly, causing many deaths.
6. Deep ________, it is believed that hard work will lead to success, so we should go ahead and devote ourselves ______ our work.
7. The rescue team comprised _____ five doctors and seven nurses has been sent to the disaster areas.
8. You should start focusing _____ how to improve the situation, rather ______blaming others.
III. 语境辨义练
(i)熟词生义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性和词义
1. (2021·全国乙卷)Oh this isn’t for the care I had. I take that as a given.
2. (2020·天津7月卷)For those who hunger for some peace and quiet, sound can now create silence.
3. (2021·浙江7月卷)I’ve been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years.
(ii)一词多义——根据语境选出digest的含义
A. vt. 消化　B. vt. 理解　C. vi. 消化　D. n.文摘
1. (2021·全国卷Ⅲ)Cattle-raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation (突变) that helps them digest milk as adults.
2. This food digests well, so you can feed it to your baby.
3. It took me a long time to digest the theory put forward at the meeting.
4. I will send you a monthly news digest as a birthday gift.
Part 2 高考题型精准练
I. 完形填空
A woman is volunteering in a shelter. It all started because she missed her own __1__.
Sandy was at a loss when her beloved Angus died last year—terribly lonely, yet not quite __2__ for a new dog in her life.__3__, she decided to volunteer at the local animal shelter and spend some quality time with furry friends who, like her, were __4__ their old buddies (伙伴). Remembering that her dog had loved being read to, she brought along a __5__ there.
It’s now been 18 months since Sandy first began __6__ her chair beside the dog house. Shelter workers say it really calms down the dogs, but Sandy says it does more __7__ to her than it does to the dogs.
Sandy was __8__ that photos of her reading to dogs were spreading on the Internet until the media started calling. Kathleen, a fellow shelter volunteer was so touched by the sight of her __9__ to an old dog that she took a photo and posted it on the Internet.“She was so __10__ with the dogs—I watched her read to several—and they just loved being __11__ by her,” Kathleen said.
Inspired by Sandy’s style of __12__， the shelter has announced that a reading marathon is being __13__ for next September. The plan is to get kids in the neighborhood __14__ in reading to the animals, with the added benefit of reading practice for the two-leggers, along with plenty of friendly __15__ for the four-leggers.
1. A. husband B. kid C. dog D. animal
2. A. ready B. free C. sorry D. grateful
3. A. However B. Meanwhile C. Besides D. Therefore
4. A. comforting B. admiring C. missing D. helping
5. A. toy B. book C. camera D. photo
6. A. settling into B. stealing into C. heading for D. looking for
7. A. duty B. work C. good D. wrong
8. A. uneasy B. unsure C. unhappy D. unaware
9. A. reading B. attending C. waving D. whispering
10. A. content B. patient C. strict D. careful
11. A. interviewed B. trained C. petted D. photographed
12. A. teaching B. living C. thinking D. volunteering
13. A. accepted B. predicted C. recorded D. organized
14. A. involved B. experienced C. united D. relaxed
15. A. competition B. company C. service D. advice
Ⅱ.语法填空
For many people in the world，food waste has become a habit: buying more food than we need at markets, 1.________ (let) fruit and vegetables spoil at home or taking more than we can eat.
These habits put extra pressure 2.________ our natural resources and damage our environment. When we waste food, we waste so much labor, effort, 3.________ (invest) and the precious resources that go into producing it, not to mention the resources in transporting and processing it. In short, wasting food increases greenhouse gas emissions and 4._________ (contribute) to climate change.
It’s 5.________ urgent issue. In fact，tons of food is lost or wasted 6._______ (global) every day. The part of food that is lost from harvest to, but not including，the retail level is called food loss. The part wasted at the consumer or retail level 7.________ (refer) to as food waste. We make this distinction to address those root 8.________ (cause) of this problem, a problem that everyone from farmers and producers to customers can help end.
Reducing food loss and waste is essential in a world 9.______ millions of people go hungry every day. When we reduce waste, we respect that food is not a given. It’s up to us 10.________ (change) our habits to make not wasting food a way of life!
Ⅲ. 读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
There are a number of volunteer organizations out there that deal with things like clothing donation and the sale of remaining books. Retired school teacher Cathy McAllister has been a member of such an organization, VNSA, since 2012. Her duties in this regard involve working throughout the year to help prepare the books for their February sale and acting as the chair of the sale itself. This means that she helps coordinate (协调) all the other volunteers that help out before, during, and after the event.
It was before the 2019 book sale and Cathy once again found herself sitting among a towering pile of books and sorting through them to ensure that they would be in good enough condition to resell. As she was working，she came upon a book. The slightly broken book was in fair condition but it was one of four copies she had already found, and she had saved three of those already. The others had been much more gently used as well. Though she didn’t like doing it, she had done this long enough to know that the only remaining choice was to throw it into the pile for repurposing.
A greedy book lover herself, Cathy felt guilty about throwing away a perfectly good book. Before she threw it away，she decided to check for more serious damage inside that might justify her giving it up.
When she opened the cover, Cathy was surprised to see that a part had been hollowed out inside the book. It looked as though someone had rather expertly hollowed out a significant space. What’s more, the book’s previous owner had chosen to hide something in that space. She looked down and saw that someone had hidden four packages in the space，each containing ten $100 bills. Cathy’s first thought was that the bills were toy money that perhaps a kid had hidden inside as part of some childish game or something.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
But Cathy soon realized that these were real $100 bills. ________________________________
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______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Luckily for Cathy, the book also contained the name of the book owner. ___________________
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参考答案
Part I
I. 1. extension 2. salty 3. depth 4. aspects 5. entirely; nutritious 6. poverty; reality 7. shortage 8. overcame; boosting
II. 1. expanding 2. (should) get 3. making 4. from 5. to have crashed 6. down; to 7. of 8. on; than
III. (i)1. n. 基本事实 2. vi.渴望 3. vt.饲养
(ii)1～4 ACBD
Part II
【语篇解读】本文讲述了Sandy为动物阅读的故事感动了很多的人，由此引起了人们对阅读的兴趣，让周围的人加入进来为动物阅读。
1. C　根据下文中的“yet not quite ____ for a new dog in her life”可知，她想念她的狗。C项意为“狗”，符合语境。
2. A　根据语境可知，她感到非常孤独，但她还没有准备好在她的生活中迎接一只新的狗狗。be ready for意为“准备好”，符合语境。
3. D　Sandy还没有准备好在她的生活中迎接一只新的狗狗，但是又很孤独，因此，她决定去当地的动物收容所做志愿者。D项意为“因此”，符合语境。
4. C　根据上文中的“because she missed her own _____”和“like her”可知，此处表示想念她们的老朋友。C项意为“思念”，符合语境。
5. B　根据上文中的“Remembering that her dog had loved being read to”可知，想起她的狗喜欢有人给它读书，她就带去了一本书。B项意为“书”，符合语境。
6. A　根据语境可知，自从Sandy第一次停留在狗屋旁边的椅子上到现在已经过了18个月了。A项意为“停留于”，符合语境。
7. C　根据语境可知，收容所的工作人员说，Sandy的做法能让狗平静下来，但Sandy说，这给她带来的好处比给狗带来的好处更多。C项意为“好处”，符合语境。
8. D　根据下文中的“until the media started calling”可知，直到媒体开始给Sandy打电话，她才知道她给狗读书的照片正在互联网上传播。D项意为“不知道，未察觉”，符合语境。
9. A　根据上文中的“photos of her reading to dogs”可知，Kathleen被她给一只年老的狗朗读的情景所感动，所以拍下了照片并发布到了互联网上。A项意为“阅读”，符合语境。
10. B　根据下文中的“I watched her read to several”及语境可知，Kathleen说Sandy对狗很有耐心。B项意为“有耐心的”，符合语境。
11. C　根据语境可知，Sandy对狗很有耐心，而且狗狗们也很喜欢被她抚摸。C项意为“抚摸”，符合语境。
12. D　受到她这种自愿风格的启发，收容所宣布将在明年9月组织一场阅读马拉松。D项意为“自愿做”，符合语境。
13. D　根据上文中的“a reading marathon”可知，受Sandy志愿服务风格的启发，收容所宣布将在明年9月组织一场阅读马拉松。D项意为“组织”，符合语境。
14. A　根据语境可知，阅读马拉松的活动计划是为了让街区的孩子们参与到给动物们读书的活动中来。get involved in为固定搭配意为“参与”，符合语境。
15. B　根据语境可知，给两条腿的孩子们提供阅读练习的额外好处的同时，给四条腿的动物们提供大量友好的陪伴。B项意为“陪伴”，符合语境。
【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了当今社会食物浪费情况严重这一现象。
1.letting　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该空与前面的buying和后面的taking形成并列，所以空处需要填letting。
2.on　考查介词。此处考查固定搭配put pressure on，意为“向……施加压力”，所以空处需要填on。
3.investment　考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处与labour，effort和the precious resources形成并列，同作waste的宾语，需要用到名词，所以填investment。
4.contributes　考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处与increases形成并列，两者并列作本句的谓语，且主语为wasting food，所以空处需要填contributes。
5.an　考查冠词。结合语境“这是一件紧迫的事情”可知，此处表泛指；且空后urgent的发音以元音音素开头，所以空处需要填an。
6.globally　考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰谓语，需要用副词，所以填globally。
7.is referred　考查时态语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，该空在句中作谓语；根据语境可知，此处需要用一般现在时表示客观事实；根据语境“在消费者和零售层面浪费的部分被称作食物浪费”可知，本句语态为被动语态；主语The part为第三人称单数，所以空处填is referred。
8.causes　考查名词的数。cause是一个可数名词，根据前面的those可知，空处需要用复数，所以填causes。root cause“根本原因”。
9.where　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，该空引导定语从句，先行词为表示地点的名词world，该空指代先行词在从句中作地点状语，故填关系副词where。
10.to change　考查非谓语动词。此处考查的是固定句型It’s up to sb to do sth，所以空处需要填to change。
【参考范文】
But Cathy soon realized that these were real $100 bills. Whoever had owned the book had chosen to hide $4,000 inside the book. Cathy’s second thought upon seeing the money was that this was sufficient to do charity. She didn’t bother considering keeping the money herself. It just didn’t seem right to keep it for any reason. Regardless of how much good she thought she might be able to do with the money, Cathy decided that the only realistic choice left to her was to return it to its owner.
Luckily for Cathy, the book also contained the name of the book owner. Using this name, Cathy might be able to find its rightful owner. Still, it would take a little digging. Thankfully，the book’s previous owner happened to have a pretty unusual last name. This made Cathy’s Internet search much easier. After only about ten minutes online, Cathy found them. The money belonged to a man and his daughter. So thankful were they for Cathy’s honesty that they actually ended up donating a generous amount to VNSA to show their gratitude.