北师大版（2019）必修第三册：Unit 8 Green Living Lesson 2 Greening the Desert同步练习（含答案）

Unit 8 Green Living Lesson 2 课后练
Part I 基础部分
1、核心词汇练习
阅读本课时内容,翻译相关短语
1.谈论_____ 2.代表_____
3.过着满足的生活_____ 4.(使)某人梦想成真_____
5.同意;赞成_____ 6.吹走_____
7.一线希望_____ 8.防止某人做某事_____
9.和某人分享某物_____ 10.尊敬_____
11.使……结束_____ 12.调整(情绪)_____
13.志愿做某事_____ 14._____n.创办人,创始者
15._____n.组织者,安排者 16._____adj.满意的;满足的
17._____vi.发生 18._____n.建议,提议
19._____adj.微小的;苗条的;薄的 20._____n.继续生存,幸存
21._____n.比率,率 22._____vt.克服(困难);控制(感情)
二、单句语法填空
1. It suddenly _____(occur) to me that I had left my key in the office.
2. _____(found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art.
3. _____(determine) is a kind of basic quality and it is what it takes to do jobs well.
4. In order to save humanity, a group of young people came out bravely and fought hard for everyone's ______(survive).
5. Having made his first film earlier this year, he is _____(current) starting a new one.
6. Company _____(profit) are down on last year's figures.
7. Last week, Harvard University issued a ______ (propose) entitled "Turning the Tide", suggesting that colleges should place less emphasis on high-stakes tests.
8. In the animation Ne Zha, we can see a rebellious child who ______ (overcome) hardship and his dark destiny and becomes a hero.
Part II 提高部分
1、阅读理解
Scientists say they have developed a system that uses machine learning to predict when and where lightning will strike. Researchers report the system is able to predict lightning strikes up to 30 minutes before they happen within a 30-kilometre radius.
Lightning is a strong burst of electricity in the atmosphere. Since it carries extremely powerful electric charge, it can be destructive and deadly. European researchers have estimated that between 6,000 and 24,000 people are killed by lightning worldwide each year. For this reason, climate scientists have long sought to develop methods of predicting lightning.
The system tested in the experiments used a combination of data from weather stations and machine learning methods. The researchers developed a prediction model that was trained to recognise weather conditions that were likely to cause lightning.
The model was created with the data collected over a 12-year period from 12 Swiss weather stations in cities and mountain areas. The data, related to four main surface conditions: air pressure, air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed, was placed into a unique machine learning algorithm(算法), which compared it to the records of lightning strikes. Researchers say the algorithm was then able to learn the conditions under which lightning would happen.
The researchers tested the system several times. They found that the system made predictions that proved correct almost 80 percent of the time. "It can now be used anywhere," the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology said in a statement.
The researchers plan to keep developing the technology in partnership with a European effort that aims to create a lightning protection programme. The effort is called the European Laser Lightning Rod project. Scientists working on the project are experimenting with the laser technology that could someday control lightning activity, transferring lightning charge from clouds to the ground. They hope that such technology can one day be used as protection against lightning strikes. Possible uses could be at stations, airports or places where crowds of people gather.
1.Why was the system developed
A.To show the power of lightning.
B.To meet kids' curiosity about lightning.
C.To protect people from lightning.
D.To keep track of deaths caused by lightning strikes.
2.What is special about the system
A.It adopted a different machine learning algorithm.
B.It used an effective method of collecting data.
C.It was based on a number of samples worldwide.
D.It required the low cost of predicting lightning.
3.What will the researchers do next with the laser technology
A.Generate electricity with lightning. B.Transfer energy from lightning.
C.Monitor lightning activity. D.Prevent the occurrence of lightning.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.A Theory of Employing Lightning B.A Model of Creating Lightning
C.A System of Controlling Lightning D.A Method of Forecasting Lightning
2、七选五
Migration (迁徙), is a long journey carried out by some birds to other areas where they hope to find more food and a warmer place to spend the winter. A hundreds or thousands of miles' journey is actually difficult and dangerous. So why do birds migrate __1___ However, it all comes down to survival.
Migrating for a Meal
For all birds, one of the main driving forces behind migration is food shortage. If all birds were to stay in the same warm regions all the year round, food would become lacking and producing their young would be less successful. As food resources are rich in the north each spring, millions of birds migrate there for the food supplies. __2___
Migrating for Families
Over thousands of years, birds have evolved different migration patterns, timing a destination to fly around the world to produce their young. Birds take advantage of a wide variety of suitable conditions to raise their young. __3___
Migrating for Climate
Birds have evolved different types of feathers to survive different climates. ___4__ So many birds leave the Arctic producing grounds, for example, when temperatures begin to fall and they need warmer habitats. Similarly, the hottest regions can be a bad environment for raising little chicks, and they will choose cooler areas to lay eggs.
Migrating for Predators (捕食性动物)
Habitats that have rich food resources all the year round also attract a greater number of predators that can threaten their nests. ___5__ It gives their young a better chance of reaching maturity. Many birds even migrate to particular habitats that are nearly inaccessible to predators.
A.Birds always tend to fly to warmer places.
B.And changes in those climates can affect migration.
C.This increases the surviving chances of little chicks.
D.Birds have adapted themselves to their own surroundings.
E.There is more than one reason for different birds to migrate.
F.As the food supplies decrease in fall, they return to warm regions.
G.Therefore, birds migrate to different habitats to avoid being eaten by predators.
三、完形填空
I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it. My parents took us there for camping. On the way out, I asked them to wait while I ran up to EI Capitan, a 1 rock of 3,300 feet straight up. I touched that giant rock and knew 2 I wanted to climb it. That has been my life's passion(钟爱)ever since — 3 the rocks and mountains of Yosemite. I've long made Yosemite my 4 .
About 15 years ago I started seeing a lot of 5 , like beer cans, empty boxes, around the area. It's beyond me why visitors started respecting the place 6 and treated such a beautiful home-like place this way.
I tried 7 trash(垃圾) myself, but the job was too big. I would 8 an hour or two on the job, only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later. Finally, I got so tired of it that I decided something had to change.
In 2004, together with some climbers, I set a date for a 9 . On that day, more than 300 people 10 . Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash. It was amazing how much we were able to 11 . I couldn't believe the 12 we made— the park looked clean!
Each year volunteers come for the cleanup from everywhere. In 2007 alone, 2,945 people picked up 42,330 pounds of trash.
I often hear people 13 about their surroundings. If you are one of them, I would say the only way to change things is by 14 rather than complaining. We need to teach by 15 .
1.A.distant B.huge C.narrow D.loose
2.A.immediately B.finally C.gradually D.recently
3.A.imagining B.painting C.describing D.climbing
4.A.garden B.home C.lab D.palace
5.A.material B.resources C.waste D.goods
6.A.more B.most C.less D.least
7.A.throwing away B.picking up C.breaking down D.digging out
8.A.kill B.save C.wait D.spend
9.A.cleanup B.party C.picnic D.concert
10.A.dropped out B.showed up C.looked around D.called back
11.A.demand B.receive C.achieve D.overcome
12.A.plan B.visit C.contact D.difference
13.A.talk B.complain C.argue D.quarrel
14.A.doing B.thinking C.questioning D.watching
15.A.method B.explanation C.example D.research
四、书面表达
假设你是某中学的学生李华,请根据以下提示,针对你市遭沙尘暴袭击的情况,向某英语报社写一封信,呼吁大家植树造林,保护环境。内容包括:
1.过去家乡树木成林,如今人们毁林种地、建房;
2.气候变化,土地沙漠化;
3.植树造林,人人有责。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出,不计人总词数。
Dear Editor,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
答案
Part I
一、1.talk about; 2.stand for; 3.have a contented life;4.make sb's dream come true;5.agree with; 6.blow away; 7.a slim chance; 8.prevent sb from doing sth;9.share sth with sb;
10.have respect for; 11.bring...to an end; 12.work through; 13.volunteer to do sth
14.founder; 15.organiser; 16.contented; 17.occur;18.proposal;
19.slim;20.survival; 21.rate; 22.overcome
二、1.occurred 2.Founded 3.Determination 4.survival 5.currently 6.profits
7.proposal 8.overcomes
Part II
一、1-4.CABD
二、1-5.EFCBG
三、1-5.BADBC; 6-10.CBDAB; 11-15.CDBAC
四、答案：Dear Editor,
I'm a student at a middle school. I'm writing to express my great concern for the environment in my hometown. Thick forests and green grass used to be seen. However, as people here cut down many trees to build houses and grow more crops, the forests were seriously destroyed. Besides, because of climate changes it rains little now. As a result, sandstorms occur frequently. To prevent the process of desertification, all the people should take good care of the forests and plant more trees.
Looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours,
Li hua