(共20张PPT)
条件状语从句
施老师
学习重点
一、定义
If 意为“如果”,引导条件状语从句,表示假如从句的动作发生,主句的动作就(不)会发生。
If it doesn't rain, I will go to the cinema tomorrow.
二、位置
从句位置灵活,可放在主句之前,但要用逗号与主句隔开;也可放在主句之后。
My mother will take me to the park if she is free.If my mother is free, she will take me to the park.
三、时态【重点】
若主句为下列情形之一,条件状语从句要用一般现在时(1) 当主句为一般将来时:(2) 当主句的谓语中含有can, may, must 等情态动词时:
(3) 当主句为祈使句时:
①If he comes, he will bring his violin.②If you lose weight, you must eat less meat.③If you are not strong enough, please don't take part in such an activity.
助记口诀if 条件句不一般,三个要点记心间:主将从现、主情从现、主祈从现。
注意:
如果 if 条件句讲述自然规律,肯定会发生的事情或客观事实,主句和if从句都用一般现在时态。(主现从现)If you take a fish out of water, it dies.
如果把鱼从水中拿出,它会死。
【即学即练】1. ______ you study hard, you will get good grades. A. If B. So C. And D. But
2. If Mary _______ free tomorrow, I will ask Tom instead. A. doesn’t B. won’t C. is D. isn’t
【参考答案】A,if 引导的状语从句遵循“主将从现”的原则,又根据句意“如果你好好学习,你会取得好成绩。”故选A。
【参考答案】D,if 引导的状语从句遵循“主将从现”的原则,又根据句意“如果Mary 明天没有时间,我会请Tom 代替她”,故选C。
3. If it rains this weekend, we ________ for a picnic. A. won’t go B. will go C. goes D. go
4. If she _______ here tomorrow, I _______ to the park with her. A. comes; will go B. will come; will go C. comes; go D. will come; go
【参考答案】A,if 引导的状语从句遵循“主将从现”的原则,又根据句意“如果这周末下雨,我们就不去野餐了”,故选A。
【参考答案】A,if 引导的状语从句遵循“主将从现”的原则,又根据句意“如果她明天来,我就陪她去野餐”,故选A。
四、条件状语从句之句型转换
1. 借助“祈使句+and/or+句子”来转换(and 表顺承,or 表转折)
If you study hard, you will pass the exam easily.= Study hard, and you will pass the exam easily.= Study hard, or you won’t pass the exam.
2. 借助without 或with 来转换
If there is no water, fish will die.= Fish will die without water.
【即学即练】
1. Take the exam with great care, ______ you won’t get a good mark. A. if B. unless C. or D. and2. Work harder ______you will find it not difficult to learn.A. if B. unless C. or D. and
【参考答案】C,根据句意“考试时一定要认真,否则你不会取得好成绩”可知表示“转折”,故选C,本句可以转换为“If you take the exam with great care, you will get a good mark.”。【参考答案】D,根据句意“再努力一点,你会发现这个学起来并不难”可知表示“顺承”,故选D,本句可以转换为“If you work harder, you will find it not difficult to learn.”。
3. Hurry up, or you will be late. (改为if引导的条件状语从句)__________________________________________________________________ 4. If you help me, I’ll finish the work soon. (改为with结构)__________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
If you don’t hurry up, you will be late.
【参考答案】
With your help, I’ll finish the work soon.
五、 If…not/ unless用法
1. unless也可引导条件状语从句,相当于 if…not…, 意思是“如果不;除非…否则…”。Unless you go at once, you will be late.=If you do not go at once, you will be late.如果不马上走,你就会迟到。 2.位置:从句位置灵活,可放在主句之前,但要用逗号与主句隔开;也可放在主句之后。Unless you go at once, you will be late.She will keep on singing unless she is told to stop.
3. 时态:主将从现、主情从现、主祈从现。 4. 句型转换
可以用or(否则) 来做同义句转换Unless you listen carefully, you won’t know the answer.= If you don’t listen carefully, you won’t know the answer.= You should listen carefully, or you won’t know the answer.
【即学即练】1. Take the exam with great care, ______ you won’t get a good mark. A. if B. unless C. or D. and 2. I won't lend you my car _________ you promise to return it before 12:00.A. if B. unless C. so D. but3. You can’t catch the bus _________ you get up early.A. if B. or C. unless D. but4. You _________ something easily unless you _________ it.A. forget; understand B. forget; will understand C. will forget; understand D. forgets; understands
【参考答案】C,根据句意“考试细心点,否则你将不会取得好成绩。”故选C。 【参考答案】B,unless引导的状语从句遵循“主祈从现”的原则,又根据句意“除非你承诺12点之前还,否则我不会把我的车借给你。”故选B。 【参考答案】C,unless引导的状语从句遵循“主情从现”的原则,又根据句意“除非你早点起床,否则你赶不上车。”故选C。 【参考答案】C,unless引导的状语从句遵循“主将从现”的原则,又根据句意“除非你理解它,否则你就很容易忘记。”故选C。
if 引导的条件状语从句
1.基本用法 若主句为下列情形之一,条件状语从句要用一般现在时:
1. 当主句为一般将来时;
2. 当主句的谓语中含有can, may, must 等情态动词时;
3. 当主句为祈使句时。
2.句型转换 1. 借助“祈使句+and/or+句子”来转换(and 表顺承,or 表转折)
2. 借助without 或with 来转换
3.If…not/ unless用法 unless也可引导条件状语从句,相当于 if…not…, 意思是“如果不;除非…否则…”。
六、课堂总结