课件30张PPT。Ⅰ. Pre-reading
1. ①Do you know the two men in the picture? Who are they?
②Can they understand each other well?
①The man on the left is British
Prime Minister, David Cameron ,
the other on the right is U. S. President
Barack Obama . (Answers may be in Chinese. )②Yes, they can. Though they come from different countries, they have no trouble in communicating with each other. After all, they are all English speakers. (Answers may vary. )2. How many kinds of English are there in the world? Try to speak out.
American English, British English, Indian English, Australian English, Canadian English, Singapore English, African English, Malaysian English. Ⅱ. Skim the whole text quickly and answer the following question.
The title is“The road to modern English”. What does the word “road” mean?
It refers to the development of the English language . Ⅲ. Read the text and try to tell if these sentences are TRUE(T) or FALSE(F).
1. At the end of the 16th century, nearly all the English speakers lived in America. (F)
2. Even if Native English speakers don’t speak the same kind of English, they can understand each other. (T)
3. The English language changes and develops when different cultures meet and communicate with each other. (T)4. The American Dictionary of the English Language written by Noah Webster gave American English spelling a separate identity. (T)
5. From 1765 to 1947 English was the language for government and education in South Africa. (F)Ⅳ. Read the text again and fill in the form below. Ⅴ. Choose the best answer according to the passage.
1. From about AD 450 to 1150, English sounded more like＿＿.
A. French B. Chinese C. German D. Russian
答案：C
2. Which country has the fastest growing number of English speakers in the world?
A. Australia. B. China. C. India. D. Britain.
答案：B3. Why do more people speak English?
A. Because it is an international language.
B. Because it has the largest number of speakers.
C. Because it is easy to learn.
D. Because it always stays the same.
答案：A4. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The future of English.
B. The origin（起源）of English.
C. English is spoken in many countries.
D. The development of English in the world.
答案：DⅠ. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.
1. Do you know that there is＿＿＿one kind of English in the world?
A. less than B. only C. hardly D. more than
【解析】选D。 more than one kind of. . . “不止有一种……”。句意为：你知道世界上不止有一种英语吗？less than 少于； only 仅仅； hardly几乎不。2.＿＿＿ that, English began to be spoken in many other countries.
A. Because B. Because of C. As D. Since
【解析】选B。because of是复合介词， 后面接名词、代词和动名词。其他三项后面接句子。3. I’d like to＿＿＿to your apartment.
A. come up B. come on C. come out D. come along
【解析】选A。come up 走近，上来； come on 加油，快点； come out 出版 ；come along一起，跟着。句意为：我愿意到你住的公寓里去。4. English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa＿＿＿South Africa.
A. that is B. for example C. such as D. now that
【解析】选C。such as用来“罗列”同类人或物中的几个例子，可置于被列举的事物与前面的名词之间，但其后边不能用逗号；for example强调“举例”说明，而且一般只举同类人或物中的一个作为插入语，且用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末；that is即，就是说，换言之；now that既然，由于。句意为：英语还在新加坡和马来西亚以及像南非这样的非洲国家使用。Ⅱ. Translate the following sentences.
1. In some important ways they are very different from one another.
在一些重要的方面它们彼此不同。
2. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.
比起现在我们所说的英语，它更大程度上是基于德语的。3. So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.
所以到十七世纪时，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以往任何时期都大。
4. The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling.
后者赋予了美国英语拼写的自我特色。Ⅲ. Find out the sentences similar in meaning to the ones below in the passage.
1. Later in the century that followed, English people travelled abroad by sea and ruled other parts of the world by force. As a result of that, people in many other countries began to speak English.
Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries. 2. Although people who speak English as their mother language speak the different kinds of English, they have no trouble in communicating with each other.
Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. 3. In the beginning, the English people living from AD 450 to 1150 spoke different English from the English we speak now.
At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today. 4. Take India for example. India was once controlled by Britain for almost two centuries. So the number of people who speak English fluently is very large.
For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. Ⅳ. Fill in the blanks with the proper words or phrases in the text.
English has changed and 1 . developed when cultures meet and 2 . communicate with each other. From AD 450 to 1150, new settlers to England enriched the English language and enlarged its 3 . vocabulary . In 1620, British people began to move to other countries, and 4 . gradually , English was spoken in many other countries. By the 19th centuryAmerican English spelling got a separate 5 . identity when Noah Webster wrote his dictionary. 6 . At present , more people speak English as their first, 7 . second or a foreign language than ever before. People in South Asia 8 . such as India, Singapore speak 9 . fluent English. China may have the 10 . largest number of English learners. 课件95张PPT。1. Do you know that there is more than one kind of English? (P9)
你知道世界上不止有一种英语吗？
①China Daily is more than a paper (不仅仅是一份报纸); it helps us to improve our English.
②All the income of his family adds up to no more than (仅仅)300 dollars a month. ③By the year 2020, Yancheng will have a population＿＿＿it is today. ＿＿＿＿, the government is trying to improve the city public construction to be in tune with the times.
A. more than twice what; Thus
B. twice more than what; Therefore
C. more than twice as big as; So
D. twice larger than that; Therefore【解析】选A。句意为：到2020年，盐城人口将有今天的两倍之多。因此，政府正努力促进城市公共设施建设以适应时代的要求。第一个空考查“more than + 名词性从句(what it is)”, twice what it is today意为“今天人口的两倍”；第二个空thus“因此”也符合句意。④More than one student＿＿＿praised since Christmas in our class.
A. was B. has been C. were D. have been
【解析】选B。more than one 后跟可数名词单数，在概念上表示复数意义，但它作主语时，谓语动词用单数。句意为：自从圣诞节以来，我们班许多学生被表扬过。⑤Mr. Brown is＿＿＿a teacher to us; we look on him as our friend.
［2011遵义高一检测］
A. more than B. more or less
C. less than D. more and more
【解析】选A。more than不仅仅，不止。句意：布朗先生远不止是我们的老师；我们把他当作我们的朋友。more or less或多或少; less than少于；more and more越来越多。more than超过；过于；不仅仅；非常
more than+基数词“数量上超过”
more than+名词“不只是，不仅仅”
more than+形容词“非常，很” (1)more than one +名词“不止一个”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数；
(2)more +可数名词的复数+than one作主语，其谓语动词用复数。2. . . . because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries. (P9)……因为那一切(通过航海征服世界其他地方)，英语开始在许多其他国家被说。
①由于全国人民的努力和支持，第六次全国人口普查终于成功结束了。
The sixth national census came to an end successfully at last because of the efforts and support of all people all over the country. ②The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair＿＿＿he wanted to sit next to his wife.
［2011长沙高一检测］
A．although B．unless C．because D．if
【解析】选C。句意为： 那个老人请露西换个位子，因为他想和他的妻子挨着坐。空格后是一个句子，所以要用从属连词because引导原因状语从句。although 表让步，unless和if表条件。③多亏他的帮助， 我们提前完成了这项工作。
Thanks to his help, we finished the work ahead of time. because of 因为
表原因的短语还有: due to，owing to，thanks to，on account of，as a result of 等。3. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. (P10) 以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，他们也可以相互理解。
①He will come on time even though it rains（即使下雨）. ②The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities,＿＿＿ they have the interest.
［2010安徽高考］
A. wherever B. whenever C. even if D. as if
【解析】选C。考查状语从句。句意为：工程师们非常繁忙，即使有户外体育活动的兴趣也没有时间去做。③＿＿＿＿you make a promise, you should keep it.
［2011漳州高一检测］
A. Though B. Unless C. Once D. Even if
【解析】选C。考查连词。句意：一旦你许下诺言，你就应当遵守。once一旦；though尽管；unless如果不；除非；even if即使。（1）even if“即使，尽管”是连词短语，引导让步状语从句。
（2）even if从句的谓语动词要用一般现在时, 表示对将来的假设。
（3）even if=even though, 用法和意义相同。
引导让步状语从句的连词和短语主要还有：though, although; as; while; whoever. . . ; no matter who. . . 等。4. I’d like to come up to your apartment. (P10)我愿意到你住的公寓里去。
阅读下列句子，在括号中标注出come up的汉语意思
①Mr. Smith came up(走过来)and said, “Glad to meet you. ”
②A number of questions came up(被提出)at the meeting.
③I’ll let him know in time if anything comes up(发生).
④The seeds I sowed last week haven’t come up(发芽) yet.
⑤I like to get up early and watch the sun come up(上升). ⑥Many questions＿＿＿in today’s English class, which was more than the new teacher had expected.
［2011长春高一检测］
A. came up B. raised C. rose D. was come up
【解析】选A。句意：许多问题在今天的英语课上被提出了，这一点超出了这位新老师的预料。come up(被)提出； raise提出， 抚养，raise在句中应用被动语态；rise 上升，上涨。⑦Yesterday I＿＿＿an old college friend in the restaurant, who is a government＿＿＿.
A. came up; official B. came to; office
C. came out; office D. came across; official
【解析】选D。句意：昨天在饭店我碰见一位大学时的老朋友，他现在是一名政府官员。come across碰见；come up走近，(被)提出；come to总计，达到；come out 暴露，出版，结果是。official(adj. )正式的；官方的；公务的; (n. )官员；公务员。come up 走近；上来；发芽；(被)提出；发生；上升
come to 总计；达到
come on 加油；(催促）快点来吧
come out 暴露；出版；结果是
come about 发生；造成
come across 碰见；（偶然）发现5. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present . (P10)
比起现在我们所说的英语，它更大程度上是基于德语的。
①The news report about Shanghai building fire is based on some facts (是以事实为根据的).
②On 2011 Spring Festival, my grandmother presented a computer to me/presented me with a computer (送我一台电脑). ③The world market price of coal is quite low＿＿＿, but it is certain to change in the future.
A. at present B. at the present
C. in present D. for present
【解析】选A。句意：世界煤炭市场价格目前相当低，但未来一定会变化。at present现在。④All the people＿＿＿at the party were his supporters.
A. present B. thankful C. interested D. important
【解析】选A。句意：所有出席晚会的都是他的支持者。present adj. “出席的”作后置定语。⑤在括号内写出present的汉语意义。
Not many important people want to be present ( 出席的，到场的 )at the meeting in the present ( 目前的 )situation, so most of the people present ( 到场的, 出席 ) here are not very important. 你知道present有几种词性吗？它们的含义分别是什么？
present adj. 现在的；出席的n. 礼物；目前，现在vt. 赠送; 介绍; 呈递1)base (vt. ) 以……为根据 (n. )基部；基地；基础
base. . . on/upon. . . 把……建立在……之上
be based on/upon 基于；以……为基础
2)at present 现在；目前
for the present 目前；暂时
be present at 出席；参加
present sth. to sb. 向某人出示/赠送某物
present sb. with sth. 把某物赠送/交给某人 形容词present表示“现在的，目前的”时，可作前置定语；表示“出席的；在场的”时，可作表语或后置定语。6. So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. (P10)
所以到十七世纪时，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以往任何时期都大。
①We must make use of every minute to study. (英译汉)
我们必须利用每一分钟去学习。②The National Day holiday is coming. Let’s ＿＿＿it and have a good relaxation.
［2011临沂高一检测］
A. be made up of B. make up our minds to
C. make full use of D. be made from
【解析】选C。句意：国庆长假就要来了。让我们充分利用它好好放松一下。make full use of“充分利用”；be made up of“由……组成，由……构成”；make up one’s mind to do sth. “下决心去做某事”； be made from“由……制成”。make good use of 好好利用
make full use of 充分利用
make the best（use）of 善用；充分利用
make the most（use）of 尽量利用；最大限度地利用
take advantage of 利用；运用7. The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling. (P10)
后者赋予了美国英语拼写的自我特色。
①简和玛丽是双胞胎，前者是老师，后者是护士。
Jane and Mary are twins；the former is a teacher，and the latter is a nurse.
②Of the two，the latter (后者)is better than the former.
③His driver’s license showed his identity (身份). ④请填好这张表格，并把您的身份证给我。
Please fill out this form. And give me your ID card.
⑤People usually call unidentified flying object UFO.
人们通常把不明飞行物叫做UFO。⑥Nobody knows the man killed in the accident, so it is difficult for the police to find out his＿＿＿.
［2011温州高一检测］
A. thought B. height C. weight D. identity
【解析】选D。名词辨析。句意：没有人认识事故中遇难的这个人，因此警察要查清他的身份是困难的。identity身份；thought思想；height高度；weight重量。1)latter adj. 较后的；(两者中)后者的
反义词: former以前的；两者中前者的
2)identity n. 本身；本体；身份
identify v. 确认；证明；鉴定
ID card=identity card 身份证
unidentified adj. 不明身份的8. English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa. (P10)
英语还在新加坡和马来西亚以及像南非这样的非洲国家使用。
辨析填空：such as/ for example/ that is
①Children like sweet foods such as chocolate.
②My father can speak many languages, for example , French and Italian. ③He has been to many countries such as Singapore，Canada and Australia.
④My daughter chose two subjects on Sunday，that is ，Chinese dancing and piano. ⑤English is spoken in many countries, ＿＿Canada, Australia and so on.
A. such as B. just as C. that is D. for example
【解析】选A。句意：英语在许多国家被说，例如加拿大，澳大利亚等。such as和for example都有“例如”之意，for example用于举例说明，前后多用逗号；such as直接跟列举事物，无需逗号。that is“即”和just as“正如”均不合题意。9. Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. (P10) 现在在中国学习英语的人数正在迅速增加。
①我们学校学生的数量是2 000。
The number of students in our school is 2, 000.
②大量的大学毕业生成为了有专业技能的普通劳动者。
A large number of university graduates have become ordinary workers of professional skills. ③The zoo keepers are worried because the number of visitors＿＿＿＿smaller and smaller.
［2011福州高一检测］
A. become B. became
C. is becoming D. have become
【解析】选C。句意：由于游客越来越少，动物饲养员担忧了。“the number of + n. ”作主语，谓语动词用单数。1. In some important ways they are very different from one another. (P9)
在一些重要方面，它们彼此差别很大。
① In some ways , the guitar fits him perfectly rather than me.
从某些方面看，这把吉他很适合他而不适合我。②If we solve the problem＿＿＿, it may do more harm than good to the future.
［2011襄樊高一检测］
A. in the way B. in this way
C. in no way D. in a way
【解析】选B。in this way用这种办法；in the way 挡道；in no way 决不；in a way 在某种程度上。句意为：如果我们用这种方法解决这个问题，对未来会弊大于利。 ③＿＿＿＿she didn’t help me with my business. Instead, just＿＿＿.
A. In a way; in the way B. On a way; on the way
C. In the way; on the way D. By the way; on my way
【解析】选A。考查有关way的短语。句意：在某种程度上，她非但没有在生意上帮助我，反而挡我的道。in a way在某种程度上；in the way挡道，挡路；on the way（to）在去……的路上；by the way顺便说一下。④I dislike the way that/in which/不填 you speak to your father.
我不喜欢你用那种方式和你爸爸说话。in some ways 在一些方面
in this/that way 用这/那种办法
in a way 在某种程度上
in the way 挡道; 挡路
in no way 决不
by the way 顺带说一下 way后接定语时有三种方式：
(1)way to do sth. ；
(2)way of doing sth. ；
(3)way＋that／in which／省略＋clause（关系词都在定语从句中作状语）2. Which country do you think has the most English learners? （P9）
你认为哪个国家学英语的人最多？
①单句改错
Where do you think has he put the dictionary? has he改为 he has②你认为他明天会什么时间离开北京去上海？
When/What time do you think he will leave Beijing for Shanghai?
When/What time will he leave Beijing for Shanghai, do you think? do you think作插入语用于特殊疑问句
（1）可放句中也可放句末
（2）放句中时其后用陈述句语序
（3）放句末时，句子仍然用疑问句语序 Ⅰ. 根据首字母及释义补全单词
1. She has received several official (官方的)letters lately.
2. The ship sank on its long voyage (航行)to Europe.
3. He had lost his identity (身份)card and was being questioned by the police.
4. He appears to be doing nothing, but actually (事实上) he is thinking of lots of things.
5. Do you want to take the elevator (电梯)or use the stairs? 6. In America“a flat”is called “an apartment (公寓)”.
7. You can look up this word in the vocabulary (词汇表)of Book One.
8. She can speak French fluently (流利地)and correctly.
9. After staying together for a long time, the students began to know each other gradually (逐渐地).
10. Celebrations are planned for the latter (较后面的) part of November. Ⅱ. 根据括号内的汉语提示完成句子。
1. He is always ready to help us even if he is very busy (即使他很忙). (even)
2. The headmaster who was present at the meeting yesterday (昨天出席会议的)was my uncle. (present)
3. He suggested that we should make good use of (我们应好好利用)the reading materials of the library. (make)4. Because the film is based on a real story (因为这部电影是以一个真实的故事为依据的), it is exciting to the audience. (base)
5. Who do you think will get (你认为谁会得到) the job? (think)Ⅲ. 单项填空
1.＿＿＿ 90, 000 people were reported to have entered the Guangzhou Olympic Center to watch the opening ceremony(开幕式) of the 16th Asian Games.
A. Other than B. Rather than
C. Less than D. More than
【解析】选D。more than超过，多于；other than 除了；rather than 而不是；less than 少于。句意：据报道，有九万多人进入广州奥林匹克中心观看第16届亚运会的开幕式。 2. She became the first woman to enter the school but dropped out after a few days＿＿＿poor health.
A. because of B. instead of C. because D. since
【解析】选A。考查because of的用法。句中空格后为名词短语，可知应用介词（短语），根据句意“她是第一个进入这所学校的女性，但几天后就因为身体不好而中途退学了。”可知应选A。3. A girl＿＿＿and asked me the way to Chinese Pavilion.
A. came up with B. came about
C. came up D. came across
【解析】选C。考查有关come的短语。come up 走近；come up with 提出(问题等)；come about 发生；come across sb. 偶遇某人。句意： 一个女孩走近问我到中国馆怎么走。4. Actually, his new novel ＿＿ more ＿＿ his own experience.
［2011天津高一检测］
A. is based; on B. was based; at
C. based; on D. bases; at
【解析】选A。句意：事实上，他的新小说更多的是以自己的亲身经历为基础的。be based on以……为基础，建立在……之上。5. A lot of countries have gained excellent achievements in space technology, China,＿＿ .
A. such as B. for example C. namely D. and so on
【解析】选B。such as和for example 都有“例如”的意思。for example用于举例说明，可位于句首、句中、句末，前后多用逗号隔开; such as直接跟列举事物，无需逗号; namely相当于that is，意为“即”； and so on“等等”用于列举事物的末尾。6. ＿＿＿she doesn’t like the teacher, she shouldn’t stay away from the class.
A. However B. Because C. As D. Even though
【解析】选D。句意：即使她不喜欢老师，她也不应该逃课。even though“即使”, 引导让步状语从句, 正合句意。7. It is reported that many a new house＿＿at present in the disaster area.
［2010陕西高考］
A. are being built B. were being built
C. was being built D. is being built
【解析】选D。考查动词时态，语态及主谓一致。由时间状语at present可知此处动词表示的动作正在进行，主语与所填词是被动关系；many a+名词单数作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，由此可知本题选D。8. They keep horses and pigs, the former for riding, ＿＿＿for food.
A. latter B. the latter C. later D. the later
【解析】选B。句意：他们饲养了马和猪，前者是为了骑，后者是为了吃肉。the latter表示“(两者中的)后者”。9. Every minute＿＿＿＿spoken English.
A. was made use of to practising
B. was made use of practising
C. was made use to practise
D. was made use of to practise
【解析】选D。句意：每一分钟都被利用练习英语口语了。make use of 表示“利用”，其逻辑宾语是句子的主语every minute。make use of sth. to do sth. “利用……来做某事”，不定式在此表示目的。10. The number of people invited＿＿＿fifty, but a number of them＿＿＿absent for different reasons.
［2011福州高一检测］
A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were
【解析】选C。the number of. . . 指“……的数量”，谓语动词用单数形式；a number of. . . 指“许多”，谓语动词用复数形式。 【规律方法】
“许多”的学问
表示 “许多”概念的词语有很多，但它们的用法不尽相同，具体如下：
（1）只修饰可数名词复数：a number of, many, a good /great many, quite a few等；
（2）只修饰可数名词单数：many a, more than one; （3）只修饰不可数名词：a great deal of, a large amount of, much;
（4）可数不可数名词都可修饰：a lot of/lots of, a large quantity of/large quantities of, plenty of。 Ａ
Do you know about the differences
between American English and British
English? How did these differences come
about? There is no quick answer to this question. At first the language in Britain and America was the same. In 1776 America became an independent (独立的)country. After thatthe language slowly began to change. For a long time, the language in America stayed the same, while the language in England changed. For example, 300 years ago the English talked about “fall”. Today most British people talk about “autumn”, but Americans still talk about “fall”. At the same time, British English and American English started borrowing words from other languages. For example， the British took “typhoon” from Chinese, while the Americans took “tornado” from Spanish. Noah Webster was the most important person in the history of American English. In 1828 Noah Webster published the first American dictionary. He wanted to make American English different from British English. So he changed the spelling of many words. Except for these differences in spelling, written English is almost the same in both British and American English. With the economic developing, the USA is playing an important part in the world. The differences between American English and British English is much greater in the spoken language. However, most of the time people from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other. 1. America stopped being a part of England in＿＿＿ .
A. 1707 B. 1828 C. 1776 D. 1991
【解析】选C。 细节理解题。根据第一段第五句In 1776 America became an independent country. 可知。2. British English is different from American English because＿＿＿＿.
A. Britain decided to change the spelling of many American words
B. American English changed but British English stayed the same
C. the Americans and British people took different words from other languages
D. America is a bigger country【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段可知美国英语和英国英语都引进了许多外来词。3. Noah Webster＿＿＿＿.
A. published the first English dictionary
B. changed some English grammar
C. improved the written English
D. changed the spelling of some words
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段中第四句内容便知。4. From the passage we can infer＿＿＿＿
A. American English and British English will always stay the same.
B. in the future American English will change but British will not.
C. British English will change later but American English will not.
D. British English and American English will continue to change in the future. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。文章讲述了美国英语和英国英语的分化及发展，因此，我们推断，将来两种语言将会继续发展变化。5. What’s the best title of this passage?
A. American English and British English
B. American English and Chinese English
C. English and Noah Webster
D. Noah Webster and American English
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了美国英语和英国英语的不同及发展。Ｂ
［2011宁波高一检测］
Starting from April, 2010,
you won’t be hearing the word “NBA”
on sports programs on CCTV. Instead,
sport host will give the full Chinese name when they refer tothe NBA—National Basketball Association. You also won’t hear any other English abbreviations (缩略词) on CCTV’s Chinese programs, such as GDP (gross domestic product), or WTO (World Trade Organization). You will hear their Chinese translations. CCTV received a notice from the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television telling it to avoid using English-language abbreviations in their reports to protect the “purity” of the Chinese language. A few other TV stations also received the notice. Fu Zhenguo, an editor of People’s Daily, is one of the people who suggested the change. “Firstly, using English in a Chinese-speaking environment is against Chinese law, ” he said. “Then, using English on Chinese TV programs is unfair to people who don’t understand English. What’s worse, it will have a bad language influence on kids and teenagers. ”
A lot of netizens(网民) have criticized the move, saying that it will cause problems for them. “I understand what CD, VCD and DVD mean when I hear them. But I won’t know what the TV programs are talking about if I hear those products’ full Chinese names, ” a netizen wrote in a BBS post. Following the same post, another netizen wrote jokingly: “I’m not listening to my MP3 now. I’m listening to my Moving Picture Experts Group-1 Audio Layer 3 (动态影像专家压缩标准音频第三层面). ”6.What does the underlined word “purity” in the second paragraph mean?
A. 纯正 B. 高贵 C. 时髦 D. 潮流
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。中央电视台收到国家广播电视局的通知，要求避免使用英文缩写，目的是保护汉语的纯正不受到其他语言的影响。7. How many reasons did Fu Zhenguo list to show his support for the change?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据“Firstly, using English in a Chinese-speaking environment is against Chinese law, ”he said. “Then, using English on Chinese TV programs is unfair to people who don’t understand English. What’s worse, it will have a bad language influence on kids and teenagers. ” 可知有三个原因。8.Some netizens went against the change because the application of abbreviations will＿＿＿＿
A. make Chinese popular.
B. attract the youth.
C. not simplify the understanding.
D. not bring Chinese to an end.
【解析】选C。 细节理解题。根据倒数第一段可知一些人反对是因为他们有可能并不知道一些缩写的全称，使用全称他们会不知道是什么。另外，也有可能给生活带来不便。9. What can be the full name of CCTV mentioned in the text?
A. Close Closet Top Video
B. China Central Television
C. China Common Time Voice
D. Closed-Circuit Television
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据国家广播电视局的通知CCTV也只能使用全称那就是China Central Television。 课件45张PPT。①“Stand up! ”the teacher said to us.
→The teacher told us to stand up .
②“Don’t play games in the classroom, ” the monitor said to us.
→The monitor told us not to play games in the classroom. ③He said to them, “Don’t go out at night. ”
→He ordered them not to go out at night . ④The teacher＿＿＿all of his students to stand up and sing together.
A. suggested B. ordered C. begged D. pleased
【解析】选B。order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事。句意：老师命令所有学生站起来一起唱歌。故选B。当祈使句作直接引语表示要求和命令时，变间接引语时常采用 tell/order/command sb. to do sth. 的形式。若原句中没有称呼语，通常可加上me, him, us等宾语。
若直接引语中祈使句是否定形式, 变间接引语时, 不定式符号to前要加 not或never。①她说：“不要在这儿等了! ” (用直接引语翻译)
“Don’t wait here any longer, ”she said.
②“Please don’t be late again, ”he said.
→He asked me not to be late again . ③“Would you (please) help me with my English? ”he begged.
→He begged me to help him with his English .
④The teacher said, “Will you please not smoke here? ”
→The teacher requested me not to smoke there .
⑤He asked, “Can you give me a lift? ”
→He asked me to give him a lift . ⑥If anyone comes, tell them I’m ill and ask them＿＿＿another day.
A. visit B. to visit C. visiting D. visit
【解析】选B。 根据ask sb. to do sth. 可确定选B。句意：如果有人来，告诉他们我病了，请他们改天再来。1. 当祈使句作直接引语表示请求时，变间接引语时常采用request/beg/ ask sb. to do sth. 的形式。
2. 有些疑问句并非提出询问，而是表示请求或祈求，这种问句变间接引语时和一般祈使句一样，也常采用ask/beg / request sb. to do sth. 结构。 1. 其否定形式变间接引语时, 不定式符号to前也要加 not或never。
2. 若原句中没有称呼语，通常可加上me, him, us等宾语。
3. 祈使句中的please 在间接引语中必须省去。 ①He said, “Let’s go to the museum. ”
→He suggested that we (should) go to the museum .
②David said, “let me do it for you. ”
→David offered to do it for me . ③Bill suggested ＿＿＿ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.
［2011北京高一检测］
A. having held B. to hold C. holding D. hold
【解析】选C。根据suggest doing可确定选C。 动词hold不发生在suggest之前，故A项不正确。 表建议、要求或劝告的祈使句变间接引语时，可以用suggest, insist, offer等动词加以转述。
转述间接引语时要注意suggest, insist, offer, advise等动词的固定搭配和习惯用法。如suggest doing。但如果后面接that从句时，从句谓语就要考虑用虚拟语气，用should+动词原形，且should可省略。(1)她说：“天气是多么的好啊！”
①She said, “What a lovely day it is! ”（用直接引语翻译）
②She said what a lovely day it was. （用间接引语翻译）
③She said that it was a lovely day. （用宾语从句翻译）
(2)“Merry Christmas! ” he said to me. （变为间接引语）
→He wished me a Merry Christmas. 直接引语是感叹句，变为间接引语时，间接引语可以用what 或how引导，也可以用that引导。
表祝愿的感叹句转述要根据原句的意思采用合适的动词变为陈述句式。单句改错
①Tom said he hopes to find a special gift for his mother.
答案： hopes改为hoped
②She said she will go to see her friend.
答案：will 改为would③The teacher told me the earth moved around the sun and the moon moves around the earth.
答案：moved改为moves
④Mr. Wang said he had been born on April 21, 1979.
答案：had been 改为was
⑤The doctor asked me what the matter was with me.
答案：把was放于what与 the matter之间⑥He said that his bike＿＿＿stolen and he＿＿＿telephone the police.
A. is; would have to B. has; will have to
C. has been; will have to D. had been; would have to
【解析】选D。句意: 他说他的自行车被偷 了，他将不得不报警。由said可知第一个空用过去完成时，第二个空用过去将来时。1. 改为间接引语，主句谓语动词为过去时态时，从句谓语动词用相应过去时态; 现在时态需改为过去时态；过去时态改为过去完成时态。2. 直接引语属于下列情况时时态不变：
（1）直接引语是客观真理。
（2）直接引语是过去进行时。
（3）直接引语中有具体的过去某年、月、日作状语。
（4）直接引语用一般现在时表示一种习惯性的动作。
（5）直接引语为过去完成时。 直接引语变为间接引语时用陈述句语序，只有what’s wrong /what’s the matter语序不变。 Ⅰ. 将下列直接引语变为间接引语
1. Mother said to her daughter, “Hurry up! ”
→Mother ordered her daughter to hurry up.
2. “Come at five o’clock，”she said to him.
→She told him to come at five o’clock. 3. “Don’t swim too far, ”I said to the boys.
→I told/warned the boys not to swim too far.
4. “Let me stay up a little longer tonight, mother. ”he begged.
→He begged his mother to let him stay up a little longer that night.
5. He said, “Happy birthday. ”
→He wished me a happy birthday. Ⅱ. 翻译句子
1. 他说：“比尔，你最好抓紧一点。”
He said, “Bill, you’d better hurry. ”
2. 他告诉孩子们不要发出噪音。
He told the children not to make noise. 3. 他问我是否可以借给他10元钱。
He asked me if I could lend him 10 yuan.
4. 他建议今晚召开一次会议。
He suggested holding a meeting tonight.
5. 他让贝蒂去关窗户。
He asked Betty to shut/close the window. Ⅲ. 单项填空
1. He regretted＿＿＿silly mistakes he had made.
A. what B. how C. that D. which
【解析】选A。直接引语是what引导的感叹句，变为间接引语后还是由what引导。由mistakes可知how不合适。2. —What did the teacher say?
—He told me＿＿＿＿again.
A. not to late B. not to be late
C. to be not late D. not being late
【解析】选B。“告诉某人不要做某事”要用tell sb. not to do sth. 结构。3. —“Please explain why you’re so late.” the boss said angrily.
—“What did the boss say to me? ”
—“He＿＿＿＿ ”
A. orders you to explain why you are so late.
B. ordered you to explain why were you so late.
C. asked you to explain why were you so late.
D. ordered you to explain why you were so late. 【解析】选D。由said确定用过去时；宾语从句中应用陈述句语序，故选D。4. The teacher＿＿＿me to have another try.
A. warned B. suggested C. hoped D. asked
【解析】选D。句意：老师请我再试一次。ask sb. not to do sth. 请求某人不做某事；warn sb. not to do sth. 警告某人不做某事；suggest和hope都不能用于此结构。结合句意，应选D项。5. The teacher requested us＿＿＿so much noise.
A. don’t make B. not make
C. not making D. not to make
【解析】选D。request sb. not to do sth.请求某人不要做某事。6. He asked, “How are you getting along? ”
→He asked me＿＿＿＿＿.
A. how am I getting along
B. how are you getting along
C. how I was getting along
D. how was I getting along
【解析】选C。变为间接引语要用陈述句语序，而且时态要与asked一致。7. The teacher asked us＿＿＿in deep water.
A. don’t swim B. not swim
C. not swimming D. not to swim
【解析】选D。ask之后可以接含有不定式的复合宾语，否定词not应置于不定式符号to之前。把该句变成直接引语即为：The teacher said to us, “Don’t swim in deep water. ”。 【规律方法】
祈使句变化口诀—— 一改，二变，三加，四去
祈使句变成间接引语时，根据说话人的语气分别用beg, tell, ask, order等作谓语，将原来的祈使句改为动词不定式。
一改：said (to) 改为asked或told, ordered等。
二变：said to 的宾语或称呼语变为asked等的宾语。
三加：即在动词原形前加to，使成为动词不定式。四去：去掉please。如：
The teacher said to the librarian, “Please give me the book. ”
→ The teacher asked the librarian to give her the book.
老师让图书管理员给她这本书。8. “Don’t put it on my hat, ” his wife said to him.
→His wife told him ＿＿＿put it on ＿＿＿hat.
A. don’t; his B. don’t; her
C. not to; his D. not to; her
【解析】选D。告诉某人不要做某事用“tell sb. not to do sth. ”；句意为：他的妻子告诉他不要把它放在她的帽子上。直接引语中的my变成间接引语后应改成her。9. The teacher asked, “Are you ready? ”
→The teacher asked us＿＿＿.
A. if we were ready
B. that we were ready
C. to be ready
D. whether we are ready【解析】选A。直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语后要用“if/whether+陈述句”语序。该句时态也由原来的一般现在时变为一般过去时。故选A。10. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him＿＿＿.
A. not to B. not to do
C. not do it D. do not to
【解析】选A。由语境可推出后半句直接引语为：but his mother said to him, “Don’t ride your bicycle in the street. ”因此改为间接引语时应为：but his mother told him not to ride his bicycle in the street, 为了避免重复，只保留不定式符号to。11. My English teacher advised I ＿＿＿keep my mouth shut to improve my spoken English.
A. to B. not to C. not D. mustn’t
【解析】选C。advise + 从句（主语+ should do），should可以省略。主语I限定advise后只能接宾语从句。若用不定式表达，应用宾格me。12. —What did she say just now?
—She＿＿＿you not to forget to bring your ticket.
A. said B. told C. suggested D. ordered
【解析】选B。考查间接引语。告诉某人不要做某事要用tell sb. not to do sth. 结构。13. Mary, ＿＿＿here; everybody else, stay where you are.
A. come B. comes C. to come D. coming
【解析】选A。题干为祈使句。句意：玛丽，过来；别的人呆在原处。14. She said， “How lovely the present is! ”
→She said that＿＿＿.
A. how lovely the present is
B. what lovely the present is
C. how the present is lovely
D. how lovely the present was【解析】选D。直接引语如果是how引导的感叹句，变为间接引语要用how或what引导。再结合时态一致的原则，故选D。15. John suggested＿＿＿＿swimming tomorrow.
A. going B. to go
C. we will go D. we going
【解析】选A。表示建议的祈使句变为间接引语可用suggest转述，但具体形式根据情况而定。suggest doing正合要求。如果用C项形式，需将will改为should或去掉will。课件84张PPT。1. Can you find the following command and request from Reading? （P12）
你能从阅读中找出下列命令和请求吗？ ①The teacher commanded that the exercises＿＿＿in an hour.
A. was finished B. were finished
C. should finish D. be finished
【解析】选D。command之后that从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即“(should+)do ”形式。句意：老师命令练习题要在一个小时内完成。从句主语是the exercises， 谓语要用被动语态(should) be finished。②The singer gave one more song at our request(应我们的要求).
③I requested that he＿＿＿ an hour earlier.
［2011长春高一检测］
A. came B. comes C. will come D. come
【解析】选D。request之后that从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即“(should+)do ”形式。1) command n. & vt. 命令；指令；掌握
command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
command that sb. (should) do sth.
命令某人做某事
have (a) good command of sth.
很好的掌握某事2) request n. & vt. 请求；要求
request sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事
request that sb. (should) do sth.
要求某人做某事
at sb. ’s request 在某人的要求下2. Believe it or not , there is no such thing as standard English. (P13)
信不信由你，世界上根本没有什么标准英语。
①信不信由你，又有一次台风要来了。
Believe it or not , another typhoon is coming.
②在我的记忆中，没有这样的一个字。
There is no such word within my memory. ③It was＿＿＿weather that everyone wanted to go outing.
A. so fine B. such fine C. so a fine D. such a fine
【解析】选B。考查“such + adj. +不可数名词+that. . . ”结构。句意：天气如此好以至于大家都想去郊游。④This is＿＿＿difficult problem that few students can work it out.
［2011杭州高一检测］
A. so B. so a C. such D. such a
【解析】选D。problem是可数名词，故用“such + a/an + adj. +n. +that. . . ”结构。⑤It’s funny that I have made such mistakes＿＿＿you had made long before.
A. so B. as C. such D. that
【解析】选B。句意：真可笑，我犯了你以前犯过的错误。mistakes之前有such修饰，故用as引导定语从句。1) ①believe it or not“信不信由你”，在句中作插入语，用逗号和句子分开。
②类似的短语如：to tell (you ) the truth; to be honest; to make things worse; in other words; what’s more等。
2) ①such与作定语的no, all, most, some, any, another, many, much, few等词连用时，such应置于这些词之后；
②若修饰名词的形容词是many, much, few, little(少)时，要用so，so应置于这些词之前。3. Geography also plays a part in making dialects. (P13)
地理位置对方言的产生也有影响。
①电在我们的日常生活中起着重要的作用。
Electricity plays an important part in our daily life.
②The wife plays the most important part in every family. (英译汉)
妻子在每个家庭中起着最重要的作用。play a part in(=play a role in)
在……中起作用；在…… 中扮演角色
take part in 参加
take an active part in 积极参加4. So people from the mountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost the same dialect as people in the northwestern USA. (P13)
因此，美国东南山区的人同美国西北部的人所说的方言几乎相同。 ①I have the same opinion as you. (英译汉)
我和你有相同的观点。
②她的头发的颜色跟她母亲的一样。
Her hair is the same color as her mother’s.
③能给我买一本和你昨天给汤姆的那本一样的书吗？
Could you buy me the same book as you gave Tom yesterday? the same. . . as. . . 跟……一样
such, so等都可以与as连用，但用于这些结构中的as不能换成that，因为as为关系代词，引导定语从句。5. Although many Americans move a lot, they still recognize and understand each other’s dialects. (P13)
虽然许多美国人经常搬家, 但他们仍然能够辨认和理解彼此的方言。
①On seeing her, the policeman recognized her as a pickpocket. (英译汉)
警察一见到她就认出她是个小偷。②—Oh, it’s you! I＿＿＿you.
—I’ve just had my hair cut, and I’ve wearing new glasses.
A. didn’t recognize B. hadn’t recognized
C. don’t recognize D. haven’t recognized
【解析】选A。句意：——噢，是你啊！刚才我没有认出你。——我理发了，又戴着新眼镜。”didn’t recognize意为“(刚才)没有认出”。辨析填空：recognize/realize/know
③I knew him ten years ago, but he had changed so much that I can hardly recognize him at present.
④Believe it or not, David and I have known each other for almost five years.
⑤He didn’t realize the importance of learning English until he was abroad. recognize vt. 辨认出来; 承认; 公认
recognize that. . . 承认/意识到……
recognize. . . as. . . 把……认作……
recognize sb. to be 承认某人是……6. So she asks directions and then tells her friends. (P15)
于是她问路，然后告诉她的朋友们。
①风向变了吗？Has the wind changed direction ?
②你最好先看看说明书。You’d better read the directions first.
③I looked in the direction of the speaker. (英译汉)
我朝讲话人的方向看了看。④I’m not good at dancing, but I’m learning＿＿his direction.
A. in B. under C. to D. with
【解析】选B。考查介词与direction的搭配。in...direction朝着……方向；under...direction在……指导下。根据句意“我不擅长跳舞，但我正在他的指导下进行学习”可知应选B。direction n. 方向；指导; 指示；说明书
（常用复数）
in/from the direction of 朝着/来自……方向
in all directions=in every direction
向四面八方
under one’s direction=under the direction of sb.
在某人指导下
follow/obey/listen to one’s direction
听从某人的教导
a sense of direction 方向感7. Well, go round the corner on your left-hand side, straight on and cross two streets. (P15)
嗯， 沿着左边拐角走， 径直朝前，再过两个街道。
①The car went straight down the road. (英译汉)
汽车一直开过这条路。
②The smoke rose straight up . 烟直直地上升。
③This road is straight (笔直的). straight adv. 直接；挺直;
adj. 直的；笔直的
straightforward adj. 正直的；坦率的
straight talking 坦诚布公地谈谈
come straight to the point 开门见山地说
straight away 立刻 昨天你们学校英语俱乐部就“Why should we learn English? ”这一话题进行了一场激烈的讨论，结果如下表。请根据表格里的内容写一篇海报。注意：1. 词数100左右。
2. 根据内容可适当增添细节。
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
English Club
September 15, 2011 一、审题谋篇
1. 时态：一般现在时
2. 人称：第一、三人称
3. 结构：①标题：Why should we learn English?
②正文：陈述具体内容(reasons), 得出结论
（conclusion）
③落款(已给出)二、联想本单元所学与提高英语有关的词汇和句型
1. 词汇：
①at present (现在；目前) ②play a part in (扮演一个角色；参与)
③actually(实际上) ④make use of(利用)2. 句型: （仿写）
①Geography also plays a part in making dialects.
目前，英语在世界各国人民的生活和交往中担任着重要角色。
At present，English is playing an important part in people’s life and communication all over the world .
②So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.
我们应该努力学习英语，好好运用英语。
We should try to learn English well and make full use of it. ③Those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.
那些想提高英语的人可加入我们俱乐部。
Those who would like to improve English can join our club. 三、经典句型积累
1. It is one of the working languages at international meetings
and is more often used than others.
2. Sometimes, learning English is also of great fun to us.
3. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or
a foreign language than ever before. Why should we learn English?
At present, English is playing an important part in people’s life and communication all over the world. It is one of the working languages at international meetings and is more often used than others. It’s said that most business letters are written in English. Millions of books and magazines are written in English, too. Actually，with the help of English, people in developing countries can learn a lot of advanced experience, modern science and technology faster and better from the developed countries.
Sometimes, learning English is also of great fun to us. We should try to learn English well and make full use of it to serve our country. Those who would like to improve English can join our club.
English Club
September 15, 2011 Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. The policeman recognized (认出)her as a pickpocket.
2. Mr. Paine made a request (请求)that I should help him.
3. His friend is a tall, slim girl with a straight (直的) nose.
4. The fifteen persons on the Great Wall were struck by lightning (闪电). 5. The instrument was damaged by rough usage (使用).
6. She speaks English with an American accent (口音).
7. My sister has a good command (掌握)of spoken English.
8. The old man’s native (本国的) language is Chinese. Ⅱ. 句型转换(根据上句完成下句)
1. His father demanded him to stand there.
→His father demanded that he(should) stand there .
2. We required all the visitors not to throw waste about in the park.
→All the visitors were required not to throw waste about in the park. 3. My mother suggested we have supper in the restaurant.
→My mother suggested to us that we(should)have supper in the restaurant .
4. Animals like cats and dogs don’t go to the south in winter.
→ Animals such as cats and dogs don’t go to the south in winter.
5. He is less like his father, but more like his mother.
→He is more like his mother than his father. Ⅲ. 单项填空
1. ＿＿＿bad news! Jack Chang made＿＿＿many careless mistakes in the film.
A. How; so B. How; such
C. What; so D. What; such
【解析】选C。第一个空考查what引导的感叹句式；第二个空so many为固定搭配，尽管后面有名词，也不可用such many。2. Alexander tried to get his work＿＿in the medical circles.
［2011长沙高一检测］
A. to recognize B. recognizing
C. recognize D. recognized
【解析】选D。考查get sth. done结构。句意为：亚历山大努力使他的工作在医学界被认可。3. The price rising of electricity has something to do with the part electricity＿＿＿in our life.
A. plays B. gives C. takes D. makes
【解析】选A。固定短语play a part in 在……担任重要角色。part是先行词，后面定语从句的谓语是plays。4. This pen is not very good; I’d like the same one ＿＿＿you are using now.
A. which B. in that C. as D. with which
【解析】选C。句意：这个笔不太好；我十分喜欢你现在用的那种笔。the same. . . as. . . “跟……一样“，表示的是同类事物。B去掉in后结构也正确，但句意却变成了：这个笔不太好；我十分喜欢你现在用的那支笔。the same. . . that. . . 表示的是同一事物。5. It is so nice to hear from her.＿＿＿ , we last met more than ten years ago.
A. In other words B. What’s more
C. Believe it or not D. In all
【解析】选C。句意：收到她的来信真是太高兴了， 信不信由你，我们有10多年没有见面了。believe it or not信不信由你；in other words换句话说；what’s more 而且；in all总之。6. Visitors were requested＿＿＿the exhibits in Shanghai Expo site.
［2011德州高一检测］
A. from B. not to touch
C. of touching D. out of
【解析】选B。句意：在上海世博园，参观者被要求不要触摸展示品。request sb. not to do sth. 请求某人不要做某事。7. Mum is sure to find us easily, for she has a very good sense of＿＿＿＿.
A. direction B. humour C. feeling D. memory
【解析】选A。句意：妈妈一定能找到我们，因为她有一个好的方向感。direction 方向； humour幽默； feeling感觉, 感情； memory记忆。8. Why did you ask ＿＿＿little boys to do it? They are only about seven years old.
A. a B. so C. such D. no
【解析】选C。little此处是“小”而不是“少”的意思，little boys的中心词是名词boys，因此要用such修饰。 【规律方法】
走出so和such的用法误区
(1)so表示“如此；这么；那么”，后接形容词或副词。例如：
I have never thought the scene of the West Lake is so attractive. 我从未想到过西湖的景色是如此吸引人。
The earthquake happened so violently that many people were buried in the ruins.
地震来得如此猛烈以至于许多人被埋在废墟里。(2)such表示“如此；这么”，后接名词，一般情况下，名词前常有形容词，如果名词是可数名词单数，不定冠词紧跟在such后。例如：
Children should not play such games.
孩子们不该玩这样的游戏。
Such a suit is not fit for such a formal party.
这样一套衣服不适合这么正式的聚会。(3)特殊现象：
①名词是可数名词单数，名词前有形容词修饰，除了用such，也可以用so，但结构不一样。例如：
such an important meeting=so important a meeting
②名词前有much, many, few, little表示数量的词限定时，只能用so，不能用such，但little还可以表示“小”的意思，这时用such不用so。例如：
I wonder such little worms can eat so many leaves.
我很奇怪这么小的虫子会吃这么多的叶子。考查so和such时，命题者往往考查学生的思维是否清晰，会不会受思维定势的影响，建议学生着重注意so和such的特殊现象以及little在语境中的意思。9. A＿＿＿road goes＿＿＿from the school to our village.
A. straight; straight B. straightly; straightly
C. straight; straightly D. straightly; straight
【解析】选A。句意：从学校起，一条笔直的路直接通向我们村子。straight 既可用作形容词，也可用作副词。容易误选C，认为straightly 是straight 的副词形式。10. The officer commanded that soldiers＿＿＿at dawn.
A. start B. were started
C. will start D. would start
【解析】选A。command后面that从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即“(should+)do ”形式。句意：军官命令士兵黎明时出发。 【举一反三】
The army officer＿＿＿his men to fire as soon as the enemies came up.
A. requested B. commanded C. begged D. suggested
【解析】选B。句意：军官命令他的手下，等敌人一靠近就开火。command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事。A、C项表请求。D项不用于该结构。 【规律方法】
command等特殊动词虚拟用法集结号
一想要(desire)二宁愿(prefer, rather)三命令(order， command, direct)四建议(advise， suggest， propose, recommend)五要求(demand， require， request， desire，insist)中，无论主句谓语动词为何种时态，从句的谓语动词都用“should + 动词原形”或只用“动词原形”。如: He suggested that we (should) take the teacher’s advice.
He insisted that we (should) take the teacher’s advice.
He demanded that we (should) take the teacher’s advice.
He ordered that we (should) take the teacher’s advice. 注：insist如果翻译成坚持某种动作才用虚拟语气；翻译成坚持某种观点就不用虚拟语气。如：
He insists he is a student. 他坚持说他是个学生。
这个语句表示的是事实，因此在这个语句中不能使用虚拟语气。
suggest意为“建议”才用虚拟语气，意为“暗示”则不用虚拟语气。如：
His face suggests that he looks worried.
他的表情暗示着他很担心。
这个句子本身是事实，因此它就没有用到虚拟语气。 Ⅳ. 书面表达
［2011福州高一检测］
假设你英语学得很好，老师要求你用英语写一篇短文，谈谈学习英语的体会。短文内容要点如下：
简况：学习英语已经有六年多; 起初觉得英语难学，大多数音发不好，很多单词拼不准，语法规则记不住; 后来在老师和同学的帮助下进步很快，现在学习情况良好。 体会：要用最短的时间获得最好的学习效果，非下工夫不可; 课内外要多听多说，对读写要足够重视。
注意：1. 标题已给出，不计入总词数;
2. 短文内容必须包括所给要点，但不要逐条翻译;
3. 词数：100左右。How to Learn English Well
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿【参考范文】
How to Learn English Well
It is over six years since I began to learn English. At first I found it quite difficult. I couldn’t get most of the sounds right, spell new words correctly or remember the rules of grammar. With the help of my teachers and classmates, I have made rapid progress. Now I am getting on well with my English study. Six years’ study has taught me that one cannot learn English well without hard work. We must do more listening and speaking both in and out of class. Enough attention should also be paid to reading and writing. Only in this way can we get the best results in the shortest time. People from Great Britain brought the English language to North America in the 16th and 17th centuries. And in the
1 300 years, there have been so many 2 in both places that now people can easily 3 an English person from an American in the 4 he or she talks. Many old words 5 in England but were kept in America. For example, 300 years ago people in Great Britain got their water from something they 6 either a “faucet”, “spigot”, or a “tap”. All these words are 7 heard in different parts of America, but only “tap” is still 8 in England. Americans often make 9 new words or change old ones. “Corn” is one kind of plant in America and 10 in England. Also, over the last three centuries the English language has 11 thousands of new words for things that weren’t 12 before. And often, American and English people used two 13 names for them. A tin can is called “tin” for short in English, but a “can”in America. The word “radio”is 14 all over the world, including America. But many English people call it a “wireless”. And almost anything 15 something to do with cars, railroads, etc. has different 16 in British and American English. But now American and British English may be 17 closer together. One thing is that 18 people can hear a large amount of American speech daily in 19 , on television, or from travelers. Because of this, Americans 20 to be influencing(影响) the British more and more. So some day, English may even be the same on both sides of the Atlantic. 1. A. past B. recent C. oldest D. latest
【解析】选A。“in the past / last +时间状语”意思为 “在过去的……间”。
2. A. citizens B. inventions C. changes D. advances
【解析】选C。从上下文可知，英国和北美这两个地方的英语在过去的三百年里发生了很多变化，以至于现在人们很容易区分开英国人和美国人。3. A. pick B. tell C. take D. judge
【解析】选B。tell. . . from. . . 把……和……区分开。句意：现在人们能够凭他们的谈话方式把美国人和英国人分开。
4. A. voice B. place C. language D. way
【解析】选D。in the way(that)he or she talks“以他或她讲话的方式”。5. A. disappeared B. stayed C. returned D. formed
【解析】选A。此句意思是“很多旧单词在英国已消失不见了，而在美国却被保留了下来”。
6. A. said B. talked C. spoke D. called
【解析】选D。something作后面定语从句中谓语动词的宾语，而a “faucet”，“spigot”，or a“tap”亦作该动词的宾语。选项中只有call后可接双宾语。7. A. then B. hardly C. clearly D. still
【解析】选D。从上下文看, 有些词在美国以及其他地方仍然能听到, 因此用still。
8. A. necessary B. native C. common D. lively
【解析】选C。上述三个单词现在只有“tap”一词在英国还能经常听人说起。common意为“often heard or seen”。9. A. of B. into C. up D. out
【解析】选C。make up意为“invent”。 句意：美国人经常编造新词或变换老词。
10. A. another B. the other C. none D. something
【解析】选A。One...another... “……是一回事/一种……，……是另外一回事/一种……”, 两个词经常在一起使用。11. A. discovered B. added C. improved D. learned
【解析】选B。add“增加，添加”。
12. A. accepted B. known C. introduced D. understood
【解析】选B。句意：以前不为人所知的东西。 accepted被接受的；known 为人所知的；introduced被引入的；understood被理解的。13. A. new B. short C. different D. surprising
【解析】选C。英美两国使用不同的单词。
14. A. produced B. made C. developed D. used
【解析】选D。be used “被使用”。
15. A. having B. bringing C. getting D. making
【解析】选A。have sth. to do with. . . “与……有关系”。
16. A. types B. names C. degrees D. parts
【解析】选B。同样的东西在英国英语和美国英语中有两个不同的名字。17. A. putting B. staying C. living D. growing
【解析】选D。growing closer“变得越来越接近”。growing 相当于becoming。
18. A. British B. American C. educated D. ordinary
【解析】选A。从下文看现在的英国受美国的影响更大, 因此是British people。19. A. families B. buses C. movies D. newspapers
【解析】选C。由后文的on television, or from travelers可推知此处movies为最合适的选项。
20. A. need B. expect C. seem D. happen
【解析】选C。现在在人们看来，美国英语似乎对英国英语的影响是越来越大了。
