外研版八年级上册 Module 11 Way of life Unit 3 Language in use .课件 (共41张PPT)

(共41张PPT)
Unit 3
Language in use
Module 11
Way of life
Objective
To summarise and consolidate the use of must, mustn’t, need, needn’t, can and can’t when talking about customs and social behaviours
Situation I
Pay attention to the circled words.
Thank you for telling me that, Judy.
And you must treat (对待) friends sincerely (真诚地) if you want to be trusted (信任).
Nick, you can’t cheat (欺骗) friends.
Read the conversation and pay attention to the parts in red.
SituationⅡ
1. What do they mean
2. When should we use them
Observe the following sentences carefully and pay attention to the words in red.
1. You must say Mr or Mrs when you meet someone for the first time.
2. You can take it away.
3. You mustn’t break anything.
4. You needn’t wait!
5. You can open it!
Observe
6. You mustn’t do any cleaning on the first day of the Spring Festival.
7. When you get to know each other better or when they ask you to, you can just use their first names.
8. You can buy it and eat it in special fish and chip shops on the high street.
9. At the bus stop, you must not push your way onto the bus.
1. You _______ say Mr or Mrs when you meet someone for the first time.
2. You _______ take it away.
3. You _______ (not) break anything.
4. You _______ (not) wait!
5. You _______ open it!
6. You ________ (not) do any cleaning on the first day of the Spring Festival.
must
can
mustn’t
needn’t
can
mustn’t
go
Ready
7. When you get to know each other better or when they ask you to, you _______ just use their first names.
8. You ______ buy it and eat it in special fish and chip shops on the high street.
9. At the bus stop, you ________ (not) push your way onto the bus.
can
can
mustn’t
情态动词must,
can, need等
must 表示“必须，一定要”，可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。
*表示说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务做某事。
*否定形式 must not (mustn’t) 表示“不能”或“禁止”的意思。例如：
1. must
1) You must use red paper for hongbao
because red means luck.
你必须用红纸做红包，因为红色代表幸运。
2) In my home town, people say you mustn’t do any cleaning on the first day of the Spring Festival.
在我的家乡，据说大年初一不能打扫卫生。
--Must I come before 6:30 tomorrow
明天我必须在六点半之前来吗？
肯定回答：
--Yes, you must.
是的，你必须在那之前到。(表示一定要)
否定回答：
--No, you needn’t/you don’t have to.
不，你不必在那之前来。(表示没必要)
用must开头的一般疑问句构成及回答:
注意：否定回答不可以用 mustn’t。
can 表示“许可，可以”，表示请求，和could同义，可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。
否定形式 cannot (can’t)表示“不能，不可以”，语气弱于 must not (mustn’t)。例如：
1) You can’t put the milk in first.
你不能先倒牛奶。
(没有禁止的含义)
2. can
2) When you get to know each other better or when they ask you to, you can just use their first names.
当你们更加熟悉或他们请你(这样做)时，你就可以只称呼他们的名字了。
3) Can I have a look at your photo
我可以看一下你的照片吗？
★请注意：本模块所学的can与以前所学的can意义不同，以前所学的 can 表“能力”，这里表“允许”。
--Can we go home now, please
请问我们现在能回家吗？
肯定回答：--Yes, you can.
可以。(表示允许)
否定回答：--No, you can’t.
不行。(表示不允许)
用can开头的一般疑问句构成及回答:
need 作情态动词表示“需要”，可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。
*否定形式 need not (needn’t) 比较常用，表示“不需要”或“不必要”。例如：
3. need
1) If she wants anything, she need only ask.
如果她要什么，说一下就行了。
2) You needn’t wait.
你不必等待。
用need开头的一般疑问句构成及回答:
--Need I report it to the police
我要向警方报告这件事吗？
肯定回答：
--Yes, you must.
是的，你必须报告。 (表示必须做)
否定回答：
--No, you needn’t.
不，没必要。 (表示没必要)
★请注意，need 也可以作行为动词，表示“需要”，常用于 need to do sth. 结构。例如：
1) I need to clean the house.
我需要把房子打扫一下。
2) You don’t need to leave now.
你没必要现在走。
1) All passengers must wear seat belts.
所有乘客都要系安全带。
2) My bike was broken yesterday, so I had to walk to school.
昨天我的自行车坏了，所以我只能走路去学校。
4. must 与 have to 的区别
must have to
同 表示“必须” 异 侧重说话者的主观看法，认为有必要，有义务去做某事 侧重于客观需要，有
“被迫；不得不”之意
否定形式 含义
must must not/ mustn’t 一定不要，不允许
have to do not/ don’t have to (=needn’t) 不必
1) You mustn’t tell him about it.
你绝对不要告诉他这件事。 (可能是秘密)
2) You don’t have to tell him about it.
你不必告诉他这件事。
(他可能知道了或者没有必要让他知道)
1 A: Can you drive a car at the age of seventeen in England
B: Yes, we ____. How about in China
A: No, we ______.
2 A: Can you open a gift immediately after you receive it in England
B: ___________. What about in China
A: No, we usually don’t.
can
can’t
Yes, we can
1
P92
Complete the conversations with can or can’t.
3 A: Can you push your way onto a bus in England
B: ___________. How about in China
A: No, we _____ either.
4 A: Can you drive on the right-hand side of the road in England
B: ___________. What about in China
A: Yes, we must.
No, we can’t
No, we can’t
can’t
Complete the sentences with must or must not.
2
P92
School rules
1 You ________ be late for school.
2 You ________ eat in the library.
3 You ________ ride your bike in the playground.
4 You _____ do your homework.
5 You _____ listen to the teacher.
must not
must not
must not
must
must
3
P93
Underline the correct words.
It is important to know what you must and must not do when you meet people from a different country.
You (1) may / must not ask Westerners “How old are you ” because it is not polite. You (2) might / can know someone well, but you (3) must / need not ask “How much money do you make ” He (4) may / can never speak to you again!
In public places, you (5) must / can ask people before you take photos of them, and you (6) must not / might not eat or drink in shops or museums.
In some countries you (7) cannot / can go into someone’s house with your shoes on. You (8) need not / must not take them off. But in some other countries you (9) might / must not wear shoes in the house.
must mustn’t
1 clean up bedroom once a week
2 wash up after dinner
3 stay out after 9 pm
4 do homework before going out
5 wash hands before dinner
6 play music loudly after 10 pm
√
√
√
√
√
√
Listen to a teenager talking about his life. Check(√) the things he must or mustn’t do.
4
P93
5
P94
Listen again. What two things does he say he can do
1. _________________________________
_______________________________
2. _________________________________
_______________________________
He can go out with his friends at weekends.
He can play music loudly before ten o’clock at night.
1
2
6
P94
Write some things you can, must and must not do at home.
I can …
I must …
I must not …
1) I can watch TV when I come home from school.
2) I must help around the house, for example, do the washing up.
3) I must not go to bed late.
possible answers:
Now work in pairs. Tell each other three things you must do at home and three things you mustn’t do. Are your home rules different or the same
--I must visit my grandparents once a week. I mustn’t stay up late in the evening.
-- …
Talk
For example:
1. Use your __________ to look up any words you do not understand.
2. Most Chinese people eat noodles with ____________.
3. Jenny could not wait to open her birthday ________.
4. He thinks it is cool to wear his __________ back-to-front.
5. Where is my __________ Let’s play a game.
baseball cap chess set chopsticks dictionary presents
dictionary
chopsticks
presents
baseball cap
chess set
Complete the sentences with the words or expressions in the box.
7
P94
Play a game. Choose a word or an expression from the box and describe it to the class. The class guess what it is.
8
P94
baseball cap bike chess set chocolate chopsticks dictionary fish and chips litter photo video game
A: Many people have one.
B: Is it a chess set
A: No. You use it to get to places.
C: Is it a bike
A: Yes.
For example:
Giving advice to foreign guests who are visiting a Chinese family
Module task:
Step 1: Write some advice for foreign visitors to a Chinese family. Think about:
What must they wear
What mustn’t they talk about
What can’t they do
What presents can they bring
When must they arrive
…
Step 2: Work in groups. Show the advice you wrote in Activity 9 to your group members. Choose two best pieces of advice.
Step 3: Show the advice your group chose in Activity 10 to the whole class. Put the pieces of advice together to form the advice of the whole class.
Step 4: Send the advice of the whole class to your foreign friends or post it on your class blog.
Summary
I. 单句填空。
1. --Must I get up before 5 o’clock
--No, you _______. You can get up at 6 o’clock.
2. -- _____ I ask you some questions
-- Of course, you can.
3. Oh, you _______ use your mobile phone when the plane takes off.
Quiz
needn’t
Can
mustn’t
II. 用can, can’t, must, mustn’t 或 needn’t 填空完成句子。
1. You _______ listen to your teacher carefully in class.
2. We ____________ cross the road when the traffic is busy.
3. You _________ finish all of the work today. You can finish it tomorrow.
4. I ________ draw pictures, but I really want to learn.
5. You ________ eat food here or you _______ go somewhere else.
must
mustn’t/can’t
needn’t
can’t
can
can
Homework
1. Review the grammar we’ve learnt today.
2. Finish the exercises in Learning English.