八年级英语上Module 9 学案导学课件

课件72张PPT。外研版英语八年级上学案导学 精讲精练Module 9　PopulationModule 9　Population
Unit 1Ⅰ.选词配图
prepare,　noise,　notes,　report,　increase
答案:1.noise　2.prepare　3.increase 答案: 4.notes 5.reportⅡ.句型展示
1.北京是一个拥有众多人口的大城市。
Beijing is a________ city with a________ population.
2.世界上每分钟有多少婴儿出生?
How many_________ _________ _________every minute in the world?
3.那几乎是世界人口的五分之一。
That’s almost_________ _________ ________ the world’s population.
答案:1.huge;big　2.babies are born　3.one fifth of1.Beijing is a huge city with a big population. That causes a lot of problems, such as too much traffic and noise.
北京是一个拥有众多人口的大城市。那引起了许多问题,如太多的车流和噪音。
【自主领悟】(1)huge意为“巨大的;庞大的”。例如:Oh, this house is so huge that I can’t believe you can buy it.哇,这个房子太大了,以至于我不敢相信你能够买它。
(2)too much意为“太多”,用来修饰不可数名词。【用法辨析】一个比一个“大”【活学活用】
①太阳是一颗巨大的恒星。
The sun is a______ star.
答案:huge　
②Edison was one of the______ inventors in the world.
A.biggest　　 B.largest　　 C.greatest　 　D.hugest
③外面嘈杂声太大,以致我们不能听到老师的讲话。
There was______ ______noise outside so that we couldn’t hear the teacher.
答案: too much2.Population increase is a big problem in many countries.
在许多国家人口增长是一个大问题。
【自主领悟】(1)problem意为“麻烦;问题”。例如:He is thinking about a maths problem.他正在考虑一道数学难题。
(2)problem常和no搭配,意为“不用谢;没问题”。
例如:—Could you post the letter for me?
——请帮我寄这封信好吗?
—No problem.
——没问题。【用法辨析】不同的“问题”
(1)problem多指“习题,难题”,通常也指要解决或决定解决的问题,尤其指比较困难的问题、社会问题,是需要“solve(解决)”的。
(2)question常指由于对某事感到疑惑不解而提出需要解答的问题,是需要“answer(回答)”的。【活学活用】
①你能算出这道数学题吗?
Can you work out this maths______?
②我可以问你一个问题吗?
May I ask you a______?
答案:①problem　②question　
③—Thank you for your help.
—______.
A.No problem　　　　　　 B.OK
C.Don’t thank D.That’s right3.The population of China is about 1.37 billion.
中国的人口大约为13.7亿。
【自主领悟】(1)population为名词,意为“人口;人口数;居民;群众”等。例如:The country is poor because it can not produce enough food to feed its population.这个国家穷,是因为它不能为它的人口提供足够的食物。
(2)billion名词,意为“十亿;数以十亿计;大量”。用在数字或several, a few等表示数量的词语之后时,仍用billion。例如:Does she actually have several billion dollars?她真的有数十亿美元吗? 【归纳拓展】 population四考点
(1)population作主语时,谓语动词一般用第三人称单数形式。但是,当主语是表示“人口的百分之几、几分之几”时,谓语动词用复数形式。
(2)表示人口的“多”或“少”,用“large”或“small”。
(3)询问某国、某地有多少人口时,用“How large”或“What”。
(4)表示“某地有多少人口”有两种表达方式:
①The population of +某地+be+数词;
②某地+has a population of +数词。【活学活用】
①美国的人口比中国的人口少。
______ ______ ____America is ______than that of China.
②中国大约有百分之五十的人口是农民。
About______ percent of the population in China______ ______.
答案:①The population of; smaller
②fifty; are farmers
③His family’s property is more than 2.2______dollars.
A.billion　　　　　　　 B.billions
C.billion of D.billions ofⅠ.从Ⅱ栏中找出与Ⅰ栏相对应的正确短语
　Ⅰ　　　　　　　　　　　Ⅱ
1.1,032　　　 A.one thousand one hundred and sixty
2.11,139 B.three hundred and three million
3.1,160 C.one thousand and thirty-two
4.26,000,006 D.twenty-six million and six
5.303,000,000 E.eleven thousand one hundred and thirty-nine
答案:1~5.CEADBⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Don’t make so much______ (noise), children.
2.Don’t bother me. I______ (make) banana milk shake.
3.We’re in the right place______ (take) photos now.
4.It’s not easy for me______ (write) the report.
5.The population of Shandong ______(be) about 95 million.
答案:1.noise　2.am making　3.to take
4.to write　5.isModule 9　Population
Unit 2 Ⅰ.短语互译
1.关闭;关停　　　 ________
2.解决问题 ________
3.全世界 ________
4.close to ________
5.move to ________
答案:1.close down　2.solve problems
3.all over the world　4.接近于;在附近　5.移动到Ⅱ.句型展示
1.帕克威尔在阿恩威克附近,是一个有20万人口的城市。
Parkville was________Arnwick,a city________200,000 people.
2.乔一家生活在其中一个公寓里。
Jo’s family________in one of those________.
答案:1.near;with　2.lives;flats3.乘公交车花费一个小时到达那里。
It________ ________ ________to get there________ ________.
4.需要新鲜的空气、干净的水和更好的公共设施。也需要更多的警察来保护人们。
It needs________ ________,clean water and better________
________.It also needs more police________ ________its people.
答案: 3.takes an hour; by bus
4.fresh air; public services; to protect1.Parkville was near Arnwick, a city with 200,000 people.
帕克威尔在阿恩威克附近,是一个有20万人口的城市。
【自主领悟】with介词意为“具有,带有”,反义词without表示伴随情况,后面常与名词、代词或动名词等连用。例如:He fell asleep with the light on.他睡着了,灯还亮着。【归纳拓展】 with用法四考点
(1)“用……”表示使用工具、手段等。例如:We can walk with our legs and feet.我们用腿脚行走。
(2)“和……在一起”,表示伴随。例如:Could you go to a movie with me?你能和我一起看电影吗?
(3)“在……方面”。例如:Kate helps me with my English.
(4)“随着,与……同时”。例如:With these words,he left the room.说完这些话他离开了房间。【活学活用】
①我身上没有钱。
I have no money________ me.
②She left room without________ (say) a word.
答案:①with　②saying2.The small local school in Parkville closed down five years ago, so Jo now has to go to a school in Arnwick with 2,000 pupils.帕克威尔当地的小学校五年前就关闭了,所以现在乔不得不去一家有两千名学生的阿恩威克学校去上学。
【自主领悟】close down意为“(永久)关闭;关停”。例如:The factory closed down over ten years ago.
那家工厂十多年前就关闭了。【归纳拓展】 close的不同用法
(1)close动词,意为“关闭”,过去式closed,过去分词closed。反义词open“打开”。
(2)close形容词,意为“紧密的;亲密的;亲近的”。be close to...离……很近,在……附近。其反义词组为far from。
(3)closed作形容词,意为“停止营业的,关着的”,反义词是open“开放的,营业着的”。例如:The hotel is now closed to guests.现在这家宾馆对客人停止营业。【活学活用】
①Our school______ for the summer at the end of June.
A.to close　　　　　　　 B.closes
C.closing D.to be closed
②Our school is close______ the City Cinema.
A.in　　　　B.for　　　　 C.at　　　 　 D.to
③The wind is so cold. Please keep the door______.
A.open B.close C.closed D.openedⅠ.完成句子
1.你想要一些加糖的咖啡吗?
Would you like______ coffee______ sugar?
2.我们村与他们村离得很近。
Our village_____ ______ _______theirs.
答案:1.some;with　2.is close to　3.他处于困难中。你能帮他解决问题吗?
He is in trouble. Can you help him to______ ______ ______?
4.这家商店三年前就倒闭了。
The shop______ ______three years ago.
5.你能描述一下中国正在发生什么变化吗?
Can you describe______ ______all over China?
答案: 3.solve the problem　4.closed down　
5.what’s happeningⅡ.单项选择
1.This is______ room.
A.Tom and Mary’s B.Tom’s and Mary’s
C.Tom’s and Mary D.Tom and Mary
2.The factory near our school ______at 4:00 pm.
A.to close B.closing
C.closes D.to be closed3.It takes us half an hour______ English in the morning.
A.read B.to read C.reads D.reading
4.There was a big garden________ a lot of trees and flowers.
A.have B.with C.has D.having
5.I hate people who______ in public.
A.litter B.rubbish C.litters D.garbage Module 9　Population
Unit 3Ⅰ.用方框中所给词的适当形式填空
have a chance;so much;not...any more;
be good for;pay for
1.I have________work to do that I can’t go out with you.
2.John needs more money________the medical costs.
答案:1.so much　2.to pay for　3.Drinking much water________your body.
4.If I________to go abroad,I will try my best to study hard.
5.I________make such a silly mistake________.
答案:3.is good for 4.have a chance　5.won’t;any moreⅡ.单项选择
1.One morning I found______wallet.There was______“s”on the corner of______wallet.
A.a;an;the　　　　　　 B.an;a;/
C.a;/;a D.the;an;a
2.I bought a big house______a beautiful garden.
A.have　　　 B.with　　　 C.under　　　 D.is
3.It takes me quite a long time________the meaning of the painting.
A.understand B.understood
C.understanding D.to understand4.As soon as they arrived in the big city,they found it difficult to find somewhere cheap______.
A.to live B.to living
C.to live on D.living
5.The city is growing______with a number of people coming every year.
A.large B.the larger
C.larger D.more large阶段专题复习
Module 9一、冠词的用法
【观察领悟】
仔细观察例句,体会不定冠词或定冠词在句中的用法。
1.I’m preparing some notes for a report.
(______提到,不定冠词起介绍的作用)
2.That makes over 131.4 million births a year.
(不定冠词表示“______”的概念,相当于every)
答案:1.首次　2.每一 3.The small local school in Parkville closed down five years ago.
(定冠词表示______某物)
4.Two of the biggest are increasing population and pollution.
(定冠词用于形容词的______之前)
5.The population of China may grow more slowly in the future.
(定冠词用于______之中)
答案: 3.特指　4.最高级　5.固定短语【探究总结】
(一)不定冠词a/an的四种用法
1.泛指某类中的一个,但又不具体说明是哪一个。
2.表示“每一个”。
3.用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前,表示“一阵,一份,一类”等。
【特别提醒】a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前,而an用于以元音音素开头的单词前。(二)定冠词the的用法
1.表示上文提到过的人或事物。
2.用于含有普通名词或形容词的专有名词前。
3.指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。
4.特指某(些)人或某(些)物。
5.指世界上独一无二的事物。
6.用在序数词、形容词最高级前。
7.用在姓氏复数形式前,表示“全家人”或“夫妇俩”。
8.用在乐器名词前。
9.用在某些形容词前表示某一类人。
10.用在方位词前。【巧学助记】定冠词的用法
　　特指双熟悉,上文已提及,世上独一无二,序数最高级,某些专有名,习语及乐器。(三)零冠词的七种用法
1.复数名词和不可数名词前表示泛指。
2.节假日、星期、月份、季节前。
3.球类、三餐、棋牌前。
4.学习、生活、娱乐等的单数名词表示相关的活动时。
5.头衔或职位前。
6.某些用介词by构成的表示方式的短语中。
7.固定搭配中。【巧学助记】不使用冠词的情况
　　江河湖海和群山,代词限定名词前,专有名词不可数,复数名词表泛指,学科球类与三餐,季节星期月份前,颜色语种和国名,称呼习语及头衔。【实战演练】
用a/an/the填空
1.He bought______ English-Chinese dictionary this morning.
______dictionary is very good.
2.We are going to______ Great Wall tomorrow.
3.Open______window please.
4.Beijing is______ capital of China.
答案:1.an;The　2.the　3.the　4.the5.Which is______ biggest,______ sun,______ earth or______
moon?
6.______first truck is carrying ______few baskets.
7.______Turners are going home on ______train.
8.Do you like playing______ piano or______ violin?
9.______young should respect ______old.
10.Shanghai is in______ east of China.
答案: 5.the;the;the;the　6.The;a　7.The;a
8.the;the　9.The;the　10.the二、数词的用法
【观察领悟】
仔细观察例句,写出相应的数字表达方式,体会数词读法的特点。
1.Over 250!　(　　　)
2.Parkville was near Arnwick, a city with 200,000 people.　
(　　　)
答案:1.two hundred and fifty　2.two hundred thousand3.That makes over 131.4 million births a year.　(　　　)
4.The population of China is about 1.37 billion.　(　　　)
5.That’s almost one fifth of the world’s population.　(　　　)
答案:3.one hundred and thirty-one million four hundred thousand
4.one billion three hundred and seventy million
5.1/5【探究总结】
(一)基数词
1.基数词从1—12,写法都不同。例如:one, two, eleven, twelve等。
2.13—19都是以后缀-teen结尾。例如:thirteen。
3.十位数和个位数之间添加连字符“-”。例如:21 twenty-one。
4.百位数与十位数之间要用and。例如:101 one hundred and
one。5.千位数以上的数,从数字的右端向左端数起,每三位数加一个逗号“,”。从右开始,第一个“,”前的数字后添加thousand,第二个“,”前面的数字后添加million,第三个“,”前的数字后添加billion。然后一节一节分别表示,两个逗号之间最大的数为百位数形式。例如:2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight。6.基数词的复数形式。
(1)当hundred, thousand, million, billion等和of连用,表示粗略的数目时,须用复数。例如:There are hundreds of people in the hall.大厅里有数以百计的人。但是这些词前有具体数词或several时,须用单数。
(2)表示人的不确切岁数或年代,用整十的复数形式。例如:He became a professor in his thirties.他三十多岁时成为了教授。(二)序数词
1.从第一至第十九,其中,one—first, two—second, three—third, five—fifth, eight—eighth, nine—ninth, twelve—twelfth为特殊形式,其他的序数词都是由其相对应的基数词后面添加“th”构成。例如:six—sixth, nineteen—nineteenth。
2.从第二十至第九十九,整数第几十的形式由其对应的基数词改变结尾字母y为i,再加“eth”构成。例如:twenty—twentieth, thirty—thirtieth。
3.表示第几十几时,用几十的基数词形式加上连字符“-”和个位序数词形式一起表示。例如:thirty-first第三十一。4.第一百以上的多位序数词,由基数词的形式变结尾部分为序数词形式来表示。例如:one hundred and twenty-first第一百二十一。
5.序数词在使用时,通常前面要加定冠词the;但如果序数词前出现不定冠词a或an时,则表示“再……,又……”。例如:
The old lady forgot telling us the story and told us a second time.那个老太太忘记给我们讲过这个故事,她又讲了一遍。
6.序数词的复数形式,分数是由基数词和序数词一起来表示的。基数词作分子,序数词作分母,除了分子是“1”以外,其他情况下序数词都要用复数形式。例如:1/3 one third或a third,3/5 three fifths。【实战演练】
短语互译
1.16,250,064　　　　　　 ________
2.5,237,166,234 ________
3.四分之三 ________
4.一个半小时 ________
答案:1.sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four　2.five billion two hundred and thirty-seven million one hundred and sixty-six thousand two hundred and thirty-four　3.three fourths　4.one and a half hours5.成千上万的人 ________
6.in his forties ________
7.the first lesson ________
8.a second time ________
9.several hundred students ________
10.in the 1960s ________
答案:5.thousands of people　6.在他四十多岁时　7.第一课
8.再一次　9.数百名学生　10.在20世纪60年代 本模块以“人口”为话题,从当今社会的热点话题出发,引导学生关注人口增长和城市化带来的问题。该话题是模块测试和中考试题中经常考到的话题。【习作在线】
世界人口迅速增长,这给我们带来了许多问题。例如:城市的拥挤,失业人数上升,食品短缺等。中国也是个人口大国,已经采取有效的政策来控制人口增长。例如:实行计划生育政策。请写一篇80个词左右的短文阐述上述内容。
参考词汇:失业out of work;拥挤be crowded;实行
carry out;控制control;一个孩子的政策the one-child policy
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【思路点拨】
1.体裁:_______。
2.人称:_________。
3.时态:___________。说明文第三人称一般现在时【佳作鉴赏】
The population of the world is increasing very fast. With the increase of the population, many problems have come up. For example, we haven’t enough food for everyone and many people are out of work. Cities become too crowded. China is a big country with a large population. We have carried out the one-child policy to control the growth of the population. Now nearly each family has only one healthy child and we live a happy life.Ⅰ.词汇速记
1.巨大的;庞大的(adj.)　　 ______________
2.增长;增大(v.) ______________
3.问题;麻烦(n.) ______________
4.increase(v.)　　　　 →________(adj.)增长的
5.pollute(v.) →________(n.)污染
答案:1.huge　2.grow　3.problem　4.increasing
5.pollutionⅡ.短语互译
1.记笔记　　　　　　　 make______
2.稍等 ________on
3.关闭;关停 ________down
4.be close to ______________
5.in the future ______________
6.pay for ______________
答案:1.notes　2.hang　3.close
4.离……近;在……附近　5.在将来　6.支付Ⅲ.句型攻关
1.天津的人口是多少?
______ ______ ______of Tianjin?
2.上海是一个人口众多、车流过多的大城市。
Shanghai is a______ city, with______ ______people and______
______traffic.
答案:1.What’s the population
2.huge;too many; too much3.公交车上不再有座位了。
There are no seats on the bus______ ______.
4.我每天花费半小时做家庭作业。
It______ me______ ______hour______ ______my homework every day.
答案:3.any more 4.takes;half an; to doⅣ. 词汇串记
Today more and more young people leave the countryside and 1 (搬到)the towns and cities, because they want to make money and live a better life. So the 2 (当地的) government needs to build more hospitals, squares, low-rent 3 (公寓)and a better bus and train 4 (服务). But too many people make more 5 (垃圾). And 6 (噪音), traffic and smoke are also big 7 (问题)in the city. Can money help 8 (解决)them? No. It needs people’s 9 (公共)morality(道德). It needs laws to protect the city against 10 (污染). 1.______　2.______　3.______　4.______　5.______
6.______　7.______　8.______　9.______　10.______
答案:1.move to　2.local　3.flats　4.service 5.rubbish　
6.noise　7.problems　8.solve　9.public　10.pollution1.(2012·兰州中考)—Who is______ man in a black hat?
—It’s Jim Brown. We often play______ basketball together in our free time.
A.an;a　　　 B.a;/　　　 C.the;a　　 D.the;/
【解析】选D。本题考查冠词的用法。特指某人或者某物用定冠词the;球类名词前不加冠词。故选D。2.(2012·凉山中考)There are______ teachers in our school, ______ of them are women teachers.
A.two hundreds; three fourth
B.two hundred; three fourths
C.two hundred; three forths
【解析】选B。本题考查数词的用法。hundred与具体数字连用时,用单数。在表达分数时,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1时,分母用复数。故选B。3.(2012·泰安中考)The population problem may be______ one of the world today.
A.the most B.most difficult
C.the greatest D.more interesting
【解析】选C。本题考查形容词的最高级的用法。根据句意“人口问题可能是当今世界最……的一个”,可见要用最高级,且最高级前带冠词the,而the most是“最多”,排除A项。the greatest“最大的,最重要的”。故选C。4.(2012·绵阳中考)School students______ smoke because it is against the school rules.
A.needn’t B.couldn’t C.won’t D.mustn’t
【解析】选D。本题考查情态动词辨析。由because it is against the school rules“因为这是违反学校规定的”可知答案选D项,意为“不应该,不准,不允许”。