Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected.语法讲练课件（人教版）(共46张PPT)

(共46张PPT)
人教版 九年级上册
Unit 12
Life is full of the unexpected.
语法讲练
把下列短语翻译成英语。
1. 正要
2. 买杯咖啡
3. 排队等候
4. 起床
5. 出去
be about to
get a coffee
wait in line
get up
get outside
6. 迟到
7. 在……以前
8. (闹钟) 发出响声
9. 开始做某事
10. 捎……一程
be late for
by the time
go off
start doing sth.
give sb. a lift
Paul went home at 10:30.
Sarah arrived at 11 o’clock.
When Sarah arrived at the party, Paul had gone home.
过去完成时
had gone home
arrived
过去的过去
Paul and Sarah went to a party last week, but they didn’t see each other. What happened
1) 当我到达学校的时候，我才意识到我把书包忘在家里了。
_______ I got to school, I realized that I ______ ______ my backpack at home.
2) 我回到学校的时候，铃声已经响了。
_____ _____ _____ I got back to school, the bell ______ _______.
3) 我到达公共汽车站之前， 汽车已经离开了。
Before I ____ ____ the bus stop, the bus _____ _______ _______.
When
had
left
By the time
had rung
根据汉语提示完成句子。
got to
had already left
Which action happened first
4) 我正要上楼，这时我决定先去买杯咖啡。
I ______ ______ ______ go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first.
5) 当我正在和其他的工作人员一起排队等候的时候，我听到了一声巨响。
As I ______ _______ ______ ______ with the other office workers, I ______ _____ _____ ______.
was about to
was waiting in line
heard a loud sound
【总结】
1. 由when, by the time, before等引导时间状语从句时，若描述发生在过去的事，主句常用过去完成时(had + 过去分词)表示动作发生在过去的过去。
2. be about to do, be doing等表示正要或正在做某事时，常用when引导从句表示突然发生的动作，when有时可省略。
过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成，发生在“过去的过去”。
过去完成时
过去的过去 过去 现在 将来
过去完成时
一、概念：
①表示某一动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成。强调过去某一动作发生在另一动作之前时。
时间轴：
②表示从过去的某一时刻开始，一直持续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。 强调动作持续了多久
注意：它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”
小口诀：
有两个动作发生在过去，一个先发生， 一个后发生，先发生的用过完，后发生的用过去。
肯定句 主语＋had+过去分词+其他.
否定句 主语+hadn’t +过去分词＋其他.
一般疑问句及答语 Had+ 主语+ 过去分词+ 其他？
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+had.
否定回答：No, 主语+hadn’t.
二、过去完成时的句式结构
过去分词done规则变化
动词过去分词的构成有规则构成和不规则构成两类。规则动词过去分词的构成和其过去式的构成相同。
work---worked---worked wish→wished→wished stay→stayed→stayed
live---lived---lived like → liked → liked hope → hoped → hoped
study--studied--studied hurry→hurried→hurried reply→replied→replied
drop--dropped--dropped stop→stopped→stopped clap→clapped→clapped
(1)一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。
(2)以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。
(3)以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，变“y” 为 “i”，再加“ ed ”。
(4)辅元辅结尾的动词，双写辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。
5. AAA 格式
let → let → let put → put → put read → read → read
9. AAB 格式
beat → beat → beaten
6. ABB 格式
feel → felt → felt keep → kept → kept sleep → slept → slept
不规则变化
7. ABA 格式
come → came → come become → became → become
8. ABC 格式
break → broke → broken grow → grew → grown
1)在过去某一时刻或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作
标志词：
by、by the end of +过去的时间点/动作
before、by the time 、until +时间状语从句(一般过去时)
三、具体用法
e.g.他说他以前见过你。
He said that he _________ (see) you before.
e.g.By the time the teacher came, we ______ cleaning the classroom.
A. finished B. have finished C. had finished
had seen
C
2）从过去的某一时刻开始，一直持续到过去另一时间的动作或状态
标志词：常与for 、since 构成的时间状语连用
e.g. I had studied English for three years before coming to this school.
在来这所学校之前，我已经学习英语三年了。
e.g. When we got to the cinema, the movie ______ for ten minutes.
A. has been on B. had been on
C. had begun D. began
B
3)过去完成时经常用于主句为一般过去时的宾语从句中, 表示从句动作先于主句动作发生, 像在told, said, knew, heard, thought 等动词后的宾语从句中。
e.g.他告诉我说他们队已经赢了。
He told me that his team _________ already _______ (win).
e.g.她说她仍没去过长城。
She said that she _____________(not go to) the Great Wall yet.
had
won
hadn’t been to
The night before Thanksgiving
Then soon
Finally
That evening
时态区别：
一般过去时、现在完成时与过去完成时
1.一般过去时表示在过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态
例：I bought the backpack 5 years ago.
我五年前买了这个背包。
5 years ago
now
2. 现在完成时表示 动作发生在过去，但侧重对现
在产生的结果或造成的影响，与现在有关。
结构为：“助动词 have（has）+done”已经做完某事
例：I have had the backpack for 5 years.
我已经买了这个背包五年了。
5 years ago
have had
now
3. 过去完成时表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作或存在的状态，即“过去的过去”
例：I had had the backpack for 4 years by last year.
到去年为止，我已经买了这个背包四年了。　　　　　
had had
last year
now
1. When I got there, the bus _________ (go).
2. By the time I got to class, the teacher_____(start) the class.
3.By the time I got to class,the class ______(start) for 5 minutes.
4.我到达公共汽车站之前， 汽车已经离开了。
Before I _____ _____ the bus stop, the bus ____ _____ _____.
had gone
had started
had been on
got to
had already left
【温馨提示1】
判断句子是否用过去完成时态，首先要确定时间状语，接着判断动作是否已经发生或完成，然后再来判断动作发生的先后顺序。
这个过去的时间可以用by，before等介词短语或者一个时间状语从句来表示，也可用when, before等引导的从句，或者通过上下文表示。
e.g. The movie had started before I arrived at the cinema.
【温馨提示2】
当过去完成时态中含有表示一段时间的状语时，谓语动词常用延续性动词。
e.g. When I arrived at the school gate, all the other girls had been away for 30 minutes.
been away表示“离开”，这里不能用“left”。
现在完成时&过去完成时
时态 参照时间不同 时间状语不同 例句
现在完成时 站在“现在”的角度回顾过去，表示一个从过去持续到现在的动作或事件，对现在仍有影响。 时间状语常用today, this week, this year, recently等 We have lived here for ten years.
过去完成时 站在“过去”的角度回顾一个更远的过去，表示一个事件从这个更远的过去持续到离现在较近的过去。句子中必须有一个表示过去的时间或动作的参照点。 时间状语常用by, by the end of, by the time, before, when等构成的短语或从句 We had lived here for ten years when we had to move last year.
过去完成时与一般过去时的区别
过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”，表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
一般过去时表示过去某时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
e.g. After he had done his homework, he went out to play football.
By the time / When I got home, she had locked the door.
1. By the time the teacher came, we ______ cleaning the classroom. (2020黑龙江)
A. finished B. have finished C. had finished
2. Since 1989, Project Hope ________ millions of young people from poor families achieve their dreams of going to school.
(2020云南昆明)
A. will help B. helps C. has helped D. is helping
C
C
3. Sally _______ where she had left the car and the police found it this morning. (2020湖北武汉)
A. forgot B. has forgotten
C. forgets D. had forgotten
A
4. Mike_______ the furniture into his new flat this time yesterday. (2020上海)
A. would move B. was moving
C. has moved D. had moved
B
1. When Tim get back home, he started to realize that the thief ___________ (come) to his house.
2. By the time I received the letter, I ________________ (tell) the content of it.
had come
had been told
Ⅰ.用括号里所给词的适当形式填空。
Ⅱ. 翻译下列句子。
1.当他到达学校的时候，老师已经开始上课了。
2.当我出来的时候，我爸爸已经离开家了。
3.在我拿书包以前我把门锁上了。
4.在她做完作业之前我妈妈已经回来了。
By the time he got to school, the teacher had already started teaching.
When I got outside, my father had left home.
Before I got my schoolbag, I had locked the door.
Before she finished her homework, my mother had already been back.
market burn above miss unexpected pie
1. I got up late and ______ the early bus this morning.
2. The mountain is 1, 000 meters ______ the sea level.
3. My daughter went with me to the ________ and
bought clothes.
4. His wife made some apple _____ for dinner.
5. He became worried when he heard of the
______________ news.
Ⅲ. 用方框中词的适当形式完成下面的句子。
missed
above
market
pies
unexpected
1. I happened _____ him in the park yesterday.
A. meet B. meeting C. met D. to meet
2. Have you ever invited a friend ____ your school
A. for B. with C. to D. at
3. What did you do ______ April Fool’s Day
A. on B. at C. in D. with
4. — The advertisement says there will be a great celebration today.
— Forget it, it’s a ________.
A. fool B. hoax C. pleasure D. risk
5. He announced that he would never ____ before finding a good job.
A. marry B. married C. get married D. get marry
6. — Why was Miss Lee angry this morning
— Because Tom didn’t _____ his homework.
A. hand out B. hand in C. give away D. give out
Ⅳ.单项选择。
D
C
A
B
C
B
Make sentences using by the time or before.
1. Tim went into the bathroom. Mary got up.
By the time Mary got up, Tim had already gone into the bathroom.
2. The coffee became cold. I put cream (n. 奶油) in the coffee.
3. The teacher collected the math homework. I got to school.
Before I could put cream in the coffee, the coffee had become cold.
By the time I got to school, the teacher had collected the math homework.
4. I completed the work for my boss. The workday (n. 工作日) ended.
5. The movie started. I arrived at the cinema.
6. My mother finished making the apple pie. I got home from my language course.
I had completed the work for my boss before the workday ended.
The movie had started before I arrived at the cinema.
By the time I got home from my language course, my mother had finished making the apple pie.
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.
1. By the time I arrived at the party, everyone else _____ already __________.
2. When he put the noodles into a bowl, he realized he ______________ to add the green beans (n. 豆).
3. By the time my mother came back from the market (n. 市场), I ______ already __________ of the door to go to my piano lesson.
rush out, forget, arrive at, go into, show up(赶到;露面), find out
shown up
had
had forgotten
had
rushed out
4. Before she got to the airport, she ______________ about the earthquake.
5. When she ___________ the movie theater, she remembered she had forgotten to feed her dog.
6. Before she got a chance to say goodbye, he ____________ the building.
(had) found out
arrived at
had gone into
rush out, forget, arrive at, go into, show up(赶到;露面), find out
Write two true statements and one false statement about your day yesterday. Then ask your classmates to guess the false statement.
1. By the time I left for school in the morning, __________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
I had already had breakfast.
I had already brushed my teeth.
I had already finished my homework.
2. By the end of the school day,
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
3. By dinner time, I_________________________________
I_________________________________
I_________________________________
I have got a present from Tom.
I had had these articles read.
I had finished my homework.
had had too many apples.
had eaten plenty of meat.
had all the housework finished.
1. 过去完成时的构成：_____+___________
2. 过去完成时表示：
_______________________________________________
3. 过去完成时常与_________________________等引导的时间状语连用。
had
过去分词
when, before, by the time
过去某一时刻或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作
句型
When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home.
By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung.
Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.
I was about to go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first.
As I was waiting in line with the other office workers, I heard a loud sound.
Ⅰ. 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。( )1. The talk show had just finished when Tim ______ the TV.
What a pity!
A. turned on　 B. was turning on　
C. turns on D. has turned on
( )2. She ______ in China before she went to Thailand.
A. has lived　　 B. had lived　
C. will live D. lives
A
B
( )3. Mr. Wang ______ with a man when I walked into his office.
A. talked　　 B. is talking 　
C. was talking D. had talked
( )4. As we were eating in that restaurant, we ______ a loud noise.
A. heard　　 B. were hearing　
C. have heard D. had heard
C
A
( )5. When the bell rang, I ______ my exam yet.
A. don’t finish　　 B. won’t finish　
C. haven’t finished D. hadn’t finished
( )6. They lost the basketball game because they ______ very hard.
A. have practiced B. haven’t practiced
C. had practiced D. hadn’t practiced
D
D
Ⅱ. 根据短文内容，用括号内所给词语的正确时态填空。
Simon, a 13-year-old student, was rewarded (奖赏) for his honesty. He handed a wallet in to the police after he (1)_________________(find) it on the street. He became a great example to others. Here is his story:
“I come from a poor family. My mom (2)______________ (have) a job as a cleaner before I was born. My dad, who is an electrician (电工), (3)____________(work) long hours. Life wasn’t easy for our family, but we were very happy. Then things became difficult.
found / had found
had / had had
worked
Mom (4)_______(lose) her job, and Dad didn’t have as much work as before, so they decided to move to the city where there was more work.
Although Mom found a new job, life here seems more difficult. Dad still (5)____________(not get) a lot of work and everything in the shops here seems more expensive. Because of all this, people find it hard to understand what I did the other day. I (6)_____________(come) home from school when I found a wallet lying open on the pavement (人行道).
lost
hasn’t got
was coming
I could see that there was a lot of money inside. Of course I (7)____________(not keep) it. Because at that moment I thought about how my father (8)___________(feel) if he lost his money on the way home. I (9)_______(take) it to the police station straight away. Now, suddenly I have become a hero! Everyone said I (10)_____________(do) something special. But I don’t think so. I think I just did what I should do.”
didn’t keep
would feel
took
did / had done
1. Make three sentences with before, by the time and be doing … when.
2. Preview 1a-2a on Page 93.