2023届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题十 考点14 特殊句式（B卷）（有答案）
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| 名称 | 2023届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题十 考点14 特殊句式（B卷）（有答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-12-25 16:48:55 | ||
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专题十 考点14 特殊句式（B卷）
一、填空
1.It was only after he went abroad _____ he realized the importance of English.
2.It was when I read his poems _________ I began to appreciate these buildings' beauty.
3.Gone __________(be) the days of searching shop after shop for the perfect pair of boots.
4.The life which I led there with my cousins was delightful, and _____ is the memory of it.
5.So ______(gratitude) was the traveller to the villagers that he gave away all his money and belongings.
6.Hard _____ he tries, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.
7.Hardly _____(have) we sat down at the table, when the phone rang.
8.I have learned a lot about Chinese life when _____(teach) in China.
9.When ___________ (walk) in the park, Lily came across an old friend.
10.Although __________(defeat)in the match, we didn't lose heart.
二、阅读理解
When learning a foreign language, most people fall back on traditional methods: reading, writing, listening and repeating. But if you also gesture with your arms while studying, you can remember the vocabulary better, even months later. Linking a word to brain areas responsible for movement strengthens the memory of its meaning.
As neuroscientist Brian Mathias and his colleagues describe in the Journal of Neuroscience, they had 22 German-speaking adults learn a total of 90 invented artificial words (such as "lamube" for "camera" and "atesi" for "thought") over four days. While the test subjects first heard the new vocabulary, they were simultaneously (同时地) shown a video of a person making a gesture that matched the meaning of the word. When the word was repeated, they were supposed to perform the gesture themselves. Five months later, they were asked to translate the vocabulary they had learned into German in a multiple-choice test.
At the same time, they had a device attached to their heads that sent weak pulses to their primary motor cortex (皮层)-the brain area that controls voluntary arm movements. When these interfering (干扰) signals were active, the subjects found it harder to recall the words accompanied by gestures. When the device sent no interfering signals (but still appeared to the subjects to be active), they found it easier to remember the words. The researchers concluded that the motor cortex contributed to the translation of the vocabulary learned with gestures. This applied to concrete words, such as "camera," as well as abstract ones, such as "thought."
"Our results provide evidence for why learning techniques that involve the body's motor system should be used more often," says Mathias. "I think we underuse gesture in our classrooms. People use it spontaneously (自发地), if they're good teachers and good listeners. But we don't necessarily bring it into the class if we don't think about it. "
1. What were the subjects required to do in the test
A. Repeat what other subjects describe.
B. Follow what the person in the video did.
C. Match the vocabulary with relative pictures.
D. Translate the vocabulary into a foreign language.
2. Why were pulses sent to the subjects' motor cortex
A. To control their body movements.
B. To shelter other interfering signals.
C. To identify the function of the motor cortex.
D. To confirm the abstract thoughts in their mind.
3. What is Brian Mathias's expectation of the research
A. It will be carried out more frequently. B. It will involve more concrete objects.
C. It will be applied to classroom teaching. D. It will motivate his colleagues to participate.
4. What is the best title for the text
A. Good Learning Techniques Matter More B. Repeating Strengthens Memory
C. Body Language Betters Communication D. Gestures Help Learn New Words
三、语法填空
Ancient architecture in China stands out ①_____ its fine wooden structure, the elegant outside and beautiful decoration. To survive the frequent floods and other natural disasters, wood ②_____ (prefer) for most architectural structures in ancient China. China's ③_____ (tradition) wooden structures were quite complicatedly formed, sometimes without any nails!
Apart from this, existing examples of ancient Chinese architecture are also ④_____ (wide) praised for its elegant outlines and various features, such as overhanging eaves (屋檐), upturned roof comers, and different ⑤_____ (shape) of roofs. The unique outside not only satisfied a practical function, but also made ⑥_____ possible for the buildings to have wonderful appearances. Architects in ancient China, ⑦_____ paid special attention to decoration, used different colors or paintings according to particular building functions or local customs. Carved beams, painted rafters (椽子)and various patterns were used ⑧_____ (add) a colorful and beautiful style to the inside. ⑨_____ outside of buildings was decorated with stone lions, screen walls, decorative columns, as well as flowers.
Many ancient buildings ⑩_____ (design) by famous architects attract a number of tourists every year.
答案以及解析
一、填空
1.答案：that
解析：考查强调句型。句意:是在他出国后他才意识到英语的重要性。分析句子结构可知,本题考查强调句型。强调句型的基本结构为"It is/was +被强调部分+ that/who+其他部分"。此处是对状语进行强调,故填that。
2.答案：that
解析：考查强调句。句意:我是在读到他的诗时开始欣赏这些建筑的美的。分析句子结构可知,本句为强调句,强调时间状语 when I read his poems。故填 that。
3.答案：are
解析：这是个主系表结构，此句用了倒装结构，正常语序为The days of searching shop after shop for the perfect pair of boots are gone如果按正常语序，句子就失去平衡，因为主语太长。这里把表语前置用了倒装语序，故填：are。
4.答案：so
解析：考查倒装。如果前面句子中所说的肯定情况也适用于后面的句子所说的情况，后面的句子常用so引起倒装。
5.答案：grateful
解析：句意为: 这位游客对村民是如此感激以至于他把所有的钱和财产都分发给了村民们。当"so+形容词/分词"或者"such+名词/名词短语"放在句首表示强调时, 句子使用部分倒装。故填grateful。
6.答案：as
解析：考查as引导让步状语从句。句意: 尽管他十分努力, 他做的工作似乎永远不能令人满意。as引导让步状语从句, 状语提至句首时, 从句要使用部分倒装。
7.答案：had
解析：考查倒装和时态。句意: 我们刚在桌子旁坐下, 电话铃就响了。否定副词hardly, never, scarcely, barely等位于句首时, 其后的主句要用部分倒装形式; hardly...when...为固定句式, when从句时态使用一般过去时, 而主句则使用过去完成时。
8.答案：teaching
解析：句意为: 我在中国教书的时候, 学到了很多关于中国人生活的知识。本句用到了时间状语从句的省略, 完整的从句为when I'm teaching in China, 状语从句的主语I和teach为主动关系。结合状语从句的省略规则可知, 状语从句的主语和主句主语一致, 同时从句中用到了be动词, 可以省略从句主语和be动词。故填teaching。
9.答案：walking
解析：考查状语从句的省略。句意：在公园散步时，Lily遇到了一位老朋友。分析句子结构可知，逗号前是状语从句，其主语与主句主语所指为同一人，且表示正在进行的动作，由主句时态可知，应用过去进行时，即when she was walking in the park，当状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，且含有be动词时，省略从句中的主语和be动词，因而设空处需填入walking。故填walking。
10.答案：defeated
解析：分析可知，此处是一个由although引导的省略句，原句为although we were defeated in the match，比处省略了与主句主语一致的从句主语及be动词were。故填：defeated。
二、阅读理解
答案：1-4 BCCD
解析：1.细节理解题。 根据第二段While the test subjects first heard the new vocabulary, they were simultaneously (同时地） shown a video of a person making a gesture that matched the meaning of the word. When the word was repeated, they were supposed to perform the gesture themselves.(当测试对象第一次听到新词汇时，他们同时看到了一段视频，视频中有人做了一个与单词意思相匹配的手势。当这个词被重复时，他们应该自己做这个手势。）可知，测试对象被要求重复视频里的人所做的事。故选B。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段The researchers concluded that the motor cortex contributed to the translation of the vocabulary learned with gestures.(研究人员得出结论，运动皮层有助于翻译通过手势学习的词汇。）可知，发送脉冲是为了确认运动皮层的功能。故选C。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段I think we underuse gesture in our classrooms.(我认为我们在课堂上没有充分利用手势。）可知，Brian Mathias认为这一研究可以用于课堂教学。故选C。
4.标题归纳题。 根据第一段But if you also gesture with your arms while studying, you can remember the vocabulary better, even months later. Linking a word to brain areas responsible for movement strengthens the memory of its meaning.(但如果你在学习的时候也用手臂做手势，即使几个月后，你也能更好地记住词汇。将一个单词与大脑负责运动的区域联系起来，可以加强对其含义的记忆。）可知，文章主要介绍了当学习一门外语时，大多数都采取了传统的方法：读、写、听和重复。但是如果你在学习的同时加上手势动作，可以帮助你更好地记住词汇。所以D. Gestures Help Learn New Words（手势有助于学习新单词）作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
三、语法填空
答案：①for ②was preferred ③traditional ④widely ⑤shapes ⑥it ⑦who ⑧to add ⑨The ⑩designed
解析：①考查介词。句意为:中国古代建筑以其精美的木结构、典雅的外表和美丽的装饰而引人注目。根据句意和句子结构可知,此处应用介词for,解释stands out的原因。故填for。
②考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。句意为:为了在频繁的洪水和其他自然灾害中生存,中国古代大多数建筑结构都首选木材。根据状语in ancient China可知,此处应用一般过去时。wood在此处为不可数名词,与prefer为被动关系,故应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was preferred。
③考查词性转换。句意为:中国传统木结构的组成是相当复杂的,有时根本不用钉子。此处修饰名词短语 wooden structures,应用形容词。故填traditional。
④考查词形变化。句意为:除此之外,现存的中国古代建筑也因其优美的轮廓和各种各样的特征而广受赞誉,如悬挑的屋檐、上翘的屋角和不同形状的屋顶。此处修饰动词praised, 表示"广泛地",应用副词widely。
⑤考查名词单复数。句意见上一题解析。根据空前的different再结合句意可知,此处应用名词复数形式。故填shapes。
⑥考查代词。句意为:独特的外观不仅满足了实用功能,而且使建筑拥有美观成为可能。make it possible for sb./sth. to do sth.为固定句式。此处应填it作形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的to have wonderful appearances。
⑦考查定语从句。句意为:中国古代的建筑师特别注重装饰,会根据特定的建筑功能或当地风俗习惯采用不同的色彩或绘画。分析句子结构可知,此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是Architects in ancient China,指人,关系词在定语从句中作主语。故填who。
⑧考查非谓语动词。句意为:使用雕梁、彩绘椽和各种图案,为室内增添了一种多姿多彩的美丽风格。be used to do sth.意为"被用来做某事",为固定搭配。故填to add。
⑨考查冠词。句意为:建筑物的外部装饰有石狮、外影壁、装饰柱以及鲜花。此处特指建筑物的外部,应用定冠词。故填The。
⑩考查非谓语动词。句意为:许多由著名建筑师设计的古建筑每年都会吸引大量游客。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语动词attract,且与design之间无连词连接,故此处应用非谓语形式。Many ancient buildings与design之间为逻辑上的被动关系,故应用过去分词作后置定语。故填designed。
2
一、填空
1.It was only after he went abroad _____ he realized the importance of English.
2.It was when I read his poems _________ I began to appreciate these buildings' beauty.
3.Gone __________(be) the days of searching shop after shop for the perfect pair of boots.
4.The life which I led there with my cousins was delightful, and _____ is the memory of it.
5.So ______(gratitude) was the traveller to the villagers that he gave away all his money and belongings.
6.Hard _____ he tries, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.
7.Hardly _____(have) we sat down at the table, when the phone rang.
8.I have learned a lot about Chinese life when _____(teach) in China.
9.When ___________ (walk) in the park, Lily came across an old friend.
10.Although __________(defeat)in the match, we didn't lose heart.
二、阅读理解
When learning a foreign language, most people fall back on traditional methods: reading, writing, listening and repeating. But if you also gesture with your arms while studying, you can remember the vocabulary better, even months later. Linking a word to brain areas responsible for movement strengthens the memory of its meaning.
As neuroscientist Brian Mathias and his colleagues describe in the Journal of Neuroscience, they had 22 German-speaking adults learn a total of 90 invented artificial words (such as "lamube" for "camera" and "atesi" for "thought") over four days. While the test subjects first heard the new vocabulary, they were simultaneously (同时地) shown a video of a person making a gesture that matched the meaning of the word. When the word was repeated, they were supposed to perform the gesture themselves. Five months later, they were asked to translate the vocabulary they had learned into German in a multiple-choice test.
At the same time, they had a device attached to their heads that sent weak pulses to their primary motor cortex (皮层)-the brain area that controls voluntary arm movements. When these interfering (干扰) signals were active, the subjects found it harder to recall the words accompanied by gestures. When the device sent no interfering signals (but still appeared to the subjects to be active), they found it easier to remember the words. The researchers concluded that the motor cortex contributed to the translation of the vocabulary learned with gestures. This applied to concrete words, such as "camera," as well as abstract ones, such as "thought."
"Our results provide evidence for why learning techniques that involve the body's motor system should be used more often," says Mathias. "I think we underuse gesture in our classrooms. People use it spontaneously (自发地), if they're good teachers and good listeners. But we don't necessarily bring it into the class if we don't think about it. "
1. What were the subjects required to do in the test
A. Repeat what other subjects describe.
B. Follow what the person in the video did.
C. Match the vocabulary with relative pictures.
D. Translate the vocabulary into a foreign language.
2. Why were pulses sent to the subjects' motor cortex
A. To control their body movements.
B. To shelter other interfering signals.
C. To identify the function of the motor cortex.
D. To confirm the abstract thoughts in their mind.
3. What is Brian Mathias's expectation of the research
A. It will be carried out more frequently. B. It will involve more concrete objects.
C. It will be applied to classroom teaching. D. It will motivate his colleagues to participate.
4. What is the best title for the text
A. Good Learning Techniques Matter More B. Repeating Strengthens Memory
C. Body Language Betters Communication D. Gestures Help Learn New Words
三、语法填空
Ancient architecture in China stands out ①_____ its fine wooden structure, the elegant outside and beautiful decoration. To survive the frequent floods and other natural disasters, wood ②_____ (prefer) for most architectural structures in ancient China. China's ③_____ (tradition) wooden structures were quite complicatedly formed, sometimes without any nails!
Apart from this, existing examples of ancient Chinese architecture are also ④_____ (wide) praised for its elegant outlines and various features, such as overhanging eaves (屋檐), upturned roof comers, and different ⑤_____ (shape) of roofs. The unique outside not only satisfied a practical function, but also made ⑥_____ possible for the buildings to have wonderful appearances. Architects in ancient China, ⑦_____ paid special attention to decoration, used different colors or paintings according to particular building functions or local customs. Carved beams, painted rafters (椽子)and various patterns were used ⑧_____ (add) a colorful and beautiful style to the inside. ⑨_____ outside of buildings was decorated with stone lions, screen walls, decorative columns, as well as flowers.
Many ancient buildings ⑩_____ (design) by famous architects attract a number of tourists every year.
答案以及解析
一、填空
1.答案：that
解析：考查强调句型。句意:是在他出国后他才意识到英语的重要性。分析句子结构可知,本题考查强调句型。强调句型的基本结构为"It is/was +被强调部分+ that/who+其他部分"。此处是对状语进行强调,故填that。
2.答案：that
解析：考查强调句。句意:我是在读到他的诗时开始欣赏这些建筑的美的。分析句子结构可知,本句为强调句,强调时间状语 when I read his poems。故填 that。
3.答案：are
解析：这是个主系表结构，此句用了倒装结构，正常语序为The days of searching shop after shop for the perfect pair of boots are gone如果按正常语序，句子就失去平衡，因为主语太长。这里把表语前置用了倒装语序，故填：are。
4.答案：so
解析：考查倒装。如果前面句子中所说的肯定情况也适用于后面的句子所说的情况，后面的句子常用so引起倒装。
5.答案：grateful
解析：句意为: 这位游客对村民是如此感激以至于他把所有的钱和财产都分发给了村民们。当"so+形容词/分词"或者"such+名词/名词短语"放在句首表示强调时, 句子使用部分倒装。故填grateful。
6.答案：as
解析：考查as引导让步状语从句。句意: 尽管他十分努力, 他做的工作似乎永远不能令人满意。as引导让步状语从句, 状语提至句首时, 从句要使用部分倒装。
7.答案：had
解析：考查倒装和时态。句意: 我们刚在桌子旁坐下, 电话铃就响了。否定副词hardly, never, scarcely, barely等位于句首时, 其后的主句要用部分倒装形式; hardly...when...为固定句式, when从句时态使用一般过去时, 而主句则使用过去完成时。
8.答案：teaching
解析：句意为: 我在中国教书的时候, 学到了很多关于中国人生活的知识。本句用到了时间状语从句的省略, 完整的从句为when I'm teaching in China, 状语从句的主语I和teach为主动关系。结合状语从句的省略规则可知, 状语从句的主语和主句主语一致, 同时从句中用到了be动词, 可以省略从句主语和be动词。故填teaching。
9.答案：walking
解析：考查状语从句的省略。句意：在公园散步时，Lily遇到了一位老朋友。分析句子结构可知，逗号前是状语从句，其主语与主句主语所指为同一人，且表示正在进行的动作，由主句时态可知，应用过去进行时，即when she was walking in the park，当状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，且含有be动词时，省略从句中的主语和be动词，因而设空处需填入walking。故填walking。
10.答案：defeated
解析：分析可知，此处是一个由although引导的省略句，原句为although we were defeated in the match，比处省略了与主句主语一致的从句主语及be动词were。故填：defeated。
二、阅读理解
答案：1-4 BCCD
解析：1.细节理解题。 根据第二段While the test subjects first heard the new vocabulary, they were simultaneously (同时地） shown a video of a person making a gesture that matched the meaning of the word. When the word was repeated, they were supposed to perform the gesture themselves.(当测试对象第一次听到新词汇时，他们同时看到了一段视频，视频中有人做了一个与单词意思相匹配的手势。当这个词被重复时，他们应该自己做这个手势。）可知，测试对象被要求重复视频里的人所做的事。故选B。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段The researchers concluded that the motor cortex contributed to the translation of the vocabulary learned with gestures.(研究人员得出结论，运动皮层有助于翻译通过手势学习的词汇。）可知，发送脉冲是为了确认运动皮层的功能。故选C。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段I think we underuse gesture in our classrooms.(我认为我们在课堂上没有充分利用手势。）可知，Brian Mathias认为这一研究可以用于课堂教学。故选C。
4.标题归纳题。 根据第一段But if you also gesture with your arms while studying, you can remember the vocabulary better, even months later. Linking a word to brain areas responsible for movement strengthens the memory of its meaning.(但如果你在学习的时候也用手臂做手势，即使几个月后，你也能更好地记住词汇。将一个单词与大脑负责运动的区域联系起来，可以加强对其含义的记忆。）可知，文章主要介绍了当学习一门外语时，大多数都采取了传统的方法：读、写、听和重复。但是如果你在学习的同时加上手势动作，可以帮助你更好地记住词汇。所以D. Gestures Help Learn New Words（手势有助于学习新单词）作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
三、语法填空
答案：①for ②was preferred ③traditional ④widely ⑤shapes ⑥it ⑦who ⑧to add ⑨The ⑩designed
解析：①考查介词。句意为:中国古代建筑以其精美的木结构、典雅的外表和美丽的装饰而引人注目。根据句意和句子结构可知,此处应用介词for,解释stands out的原因。故填for。
②考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。句意为:为了在频繁的洪水和其他自然灾害中生存,中国古代大多数建筑结构都首选木材。根据状语in ancient China可知,此处应用一般过去时。wood在此处为不可数名词,与prefer为被动关系,故应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was preferred。
③考查词性转换。句意为:中国传统木结构的组成是相当复杂的,有时根本不用钉子。此处修饰名词短语 wooden structures,应用形容词。故填traditional。
④考查词形变化。句意为:除此之外,现存的中国古代建筑也因其优美的轮廓和各种各样的特征而广受赞誉,如悬挑的屋檐、上翘的屋角和不同形状的屋顶。此处修饰动词praised, 表示"广泛地",应用副词widely。
⑤考查名词单复数。句意见上一题解析。根据空前的different再结合句意可知,此处应用名词复数形式。故填shapes。
⑥考查代词。句意为:独特的外观不仅满足了实用功能,而且使建筑拥有美观成为可能。make it possible for sb./sth. to do sth.为固定句式。此处应填it作形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的to have wonderful appearances。
⑦考查定语从句。句意为:中国古代的建筑师特别注重装饰,会根据特定的建筑功能或当地风俗习惯采用不同的色彩或绘画。分析句子结构可知,此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是Architects in ancient China,指人,关系词在定语从句中作主语。故填who。
⑧考查非谓语动词。句意为:使用雕梁、彩绘椽和各种图案,为室内增添了一种多姿多彩的美丽风格。be used to do sth.意为"被用来做某事",为固定搭配。故填to add。
⑨考查冠词。句意为:建筑物的外部装饰有石狮、外影壁、装饰柱以及鲜花。此处特指建筑物的外部,应用定冠词。故填The。
⑩考查非谓语动词。句意为:许多由著名建筑师设计的古建筑每年都会吸引大量游客。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语动词attract,且与design之间无连词连接,故此处应用非谓语形式。Many ancient buildings与design之间为逻辑上的被动关系,故应用过去分词作后置定语。故填designed。
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