外研版 必修5 Module 1 British and American English单元质量检测（含解析）
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| 名称 | 外研版 必修5 Module 1 British and American English单元质量检测（含解析） |  | |
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Unit 1 单元质量检测（一）
选择题部分
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Nobel Prize Winners in Literature
Rabindranath Tagore (1913)
Prize motivation: “because of his profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful verse (诗歌), by which, with consummate skill, he has made his poetic thought, expressed in his own English words, a part of the literature of the West”
William Faulkner (1949)
Prize motivation: “for his powerful and artistically unique contribution to the modern American novel”
Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (1953)
Prize motivation: “for his mastery of historical and biographical description as well as for brilliant oratory (演说才能) in defending exalted human values”
Ernest Miller Hemingway (1954)
Prize motivation: “for his mastery of the art of narrative, most recently demonstrated in The Old Man and the Sea, and for the influence that he has exerted on contemporary style”
John Steinbeck (1962)
Prize motivation: “for his realistic and imaginative writings, combining as they do sympathetic humor and keen social perception”
Claude Simon (1985)
Prize motivation: “who in his novel combines the poet's and the painter's creativeness with a deepened awareness of time in the depiction of the human condition”
Mo Yan (2012)
Prize motivation: “who with hallucinatory (幻觉般的) realism merges folk tales, history and the contemporary”
Bob Dylan (2016)
Prize motivation: “for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition”
语篇解读：本文向我们介绍了八位著名的诺贝尔文学奖获得者的获奖原因。
1．Which writer won Nobel Prize for his poetry
A．William Faulkner. B．Bob Dylan.
C．Rabindranath Tagore. D．Claude Simon.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据标题Rabindranath Tagore (1913)部分中的“because of his profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful verse (诗歌), by which, with consummate skill ...”可知，拉宾德拉纳特·泰戈尔因为诗歌而获得诺贝尔文学奖。故选C项。
2．Which writer won Noble Prize mostly for his specific work
A．Ernest Hemingway. B．John Steinbeck.
C．William Faulkner. D．Winston Churchill.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据标题Ernest Miller Hemingway (1954)部分中的“for his mastery of the art of narrative, most recently demonstrated in The Old Man and the Sea ...”可知，海明威主要是凭借《老人与海》这部小说获奖，其他获奖者的获奖理由中并未提及具体作品。故选A项。
3．Who described real life experiences in his historic works
A．John Steinbeck. B．Mo Yan.
C．Ernest Hemingway. D．Winston Churchill.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据标题Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (1953)部分中的“for his mastery of historical and biographical description ...”可知，丘吉尔精通历史和传记写作，故D项正确。
B
Throughout my educational years, despite the kind teachers I had met, I never felt interest in writing until I met her, Mrs.Kelley.At first, I believed that writing would still be my worst class.Gradually, my fondness increased.She taught the lesson in such a lively way and her word choice impressed me.But that was not what made her my favorite.Unlike other teachers, after instructions, she gave an enormous amount of freedom in what we wrote, allowing us to create our own stories using our imagination.And that mattered most.
There was one really revolutionary event: the historical fiction unit.We were to invent our own stories using the period we were given.World War Ⅱ was mine.At that point, I was just looking for a good grade.Rather than creating a mundane (平淡的) story, I wanted to make a story that I felt was meaningful.As I progressed, I was pulled further and further into the reality that I had made.Grammar no longer existed, as my hands gained acceleration.When I typed the final word, my hands trembled with excitement.Briefly, I read it over and then submitted the draft.
In the midst of anxiousness, Mrs.Kelley responded.She pointed out some mistakes and gave some suggestions.Sadly, there were no comments of recognition.I fixed the errors and moved on.But when waiting for the final grade, I erased all the unrealistic thoughts that wandered in my mind.
In the next class, surprisingly, after handing back my paper, Mrs.Kelley mentioned that my story was very good.I looked at her in confusion.Soon excitement stirred inside me.I found a “＋5” attached to the score.She had given an extra point in “Plot”， adding an “Excellent！” No other teacher had done this.On that day, I felt what it means to be a writer.Mrs.Kelley introduced me to the beauty of literature and made writing so enjoyable.
语篇解读：本文是记叙文。作者以前一直对写作不感兴趣，在Kelley老师的引导下，他逐渐感受到写作的乐趣，继而全身心投入其中，最终获得了老师的肯定。
4．What made Mrs.Kelley so special according to the author
A．Her patience and kindness.
B．Her confidence in students.
C．Her creative teaching style.
D．Her professional knowledge.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Unlike other teachers, after instructions, she gave an enormous amount of freedom in what we wrote, allowing us to create our own stories using our imagination.And that mattered most”可知，Kelley老师最大的优点在于她的授课方式很有创意，她给予学生充分的自由，允许他们发挥自己的想象力进行写作。
5．How did the author feel when Mrs.Kelley responded at first
A．Excited. B．Worried.
C．Surprised. D．Disappointed.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Sadly, there were no comments of recognition.”可知，Kelley老师只是指出了写作中的错误，并提出建议，并没有认可性的评论，这令作者有些沮丧。
6．What was the biggest benefit the author got from Mrs.Kelley's class
A．Recognizing his talent.
B．Finding the joy of writing.
C．Determining his lifetime career.
D．Acquiring practical writing skills.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段中的“On that day, I felt what it means to be a writer.Mrs.Kelley introduced me to the beauty of literature and made writing so enjoyable”可知，在Kelley老师的教导下，作者由原来的反感到逐渐爱上写作这门课，感受到文学的魅力以及写作的快乐，这是他最大的收获。
C
Born in London in 1825, Thomas Henry Huxley was one of the great men of the nineteenth century.In 1846 Thomas Henry Huxley was appointed assistant doctor aboard H．M.S. Rattlesnake.The ship had been asked to survey areas of the Great Barrier Reef and the neighboring seas.This gave Thomas Henry Huxley an opportunity to study animal life and was the start of his biological career.The voyage lasted four years, during which time he gathered much information on plankton (浮游生物)．
On his return from the voyage, Thomas Henry Huxley was made a member of the Royal Society in recognition of his scientific work.Although he continued to publish papers about plankton, his interest was turning towards vertebrate (有脊椎的) animals.For some time Thomas Henry Huxley and his workmates had been discussing the possibility that animal species had evolved (进化), one from another.No satisfactory theories had been put forward, but in 1859 Darwin's Origin of Species appeared.Thomas Henry Huxley at once realized its importance and how the theory of natural selection provided “the working hypothesis (假说) we sought”．
For the rest of his life Thomas Henry Huxley struggled to ensure the full recognition of Darwin's work.In 1863 Thomas Henry Huxley published Man's Place in Nature in which he compared man and great apes (猿)．He clearly showed similarities.
Despite his many achievements he was given no award by the British state until late in his life.From about 1870, Thomas Henry Huxley was too involved in other things to continue actual research.He had always been interested in education.He pioneered the teaching of biology and his method of selecting “type animals” is still followed today.He spent the last ten years of his life writing essays mainly on biology.
语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章介绍了英国生物学家、教育家赫胥黎的生平以及他的主要科学研究。
7．Why did Huxley go on the voyage
A．To explore the deep sea.
B．To do research on sea animals.
C．To work as a doctor on the ship.
D．To gather information for his paper.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段的“In 1846 Thomas Henry Huxley was appointed assistant doctor aboard H．M.S.Rattlesnake”可知，赫胥黎进行这次航行的最初目的是在船上担任助理医生。
8．How did Huxley react to the theory of natural selection
A．He had doubt about it.
B．He thought highly of it.
C．He couldn't understand it.
D．He thought he developed it first.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第二段的“Thomas Henry Huxley at once realized its importance and how the theory of natural selection provided 'the working hypothesis (假说) we sought'”可知，赫胥黎很重视达尔文的自然选择学说。
9．What do we know about Huxley's book Man's Place in Nature
A．It discusses the importance of human beings.
B．It focuses on Darwin's theory of natural selection.
C．It talks about the differences between man and apes.
D．It provides evidence about the evolution of man from apes.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，赫胥黎在他的著作《人类在自然界的位置》中比较了人类与猿之间的相似处，说明它们在进化过程中的联系。
10．What can we learn about Huxley from the last paragraph
A．He continued his research till his death.
B．He contributed a lot to biology teaching.
C．He never got awards for his achievements.
D．He became a good novelist late in his life.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“He had always been interested in education.He pioneered the teaching of biology and his method of selecting 'type animals' is still followed today”可知，赫胥黎在生物教学方面做出了很大的贡献。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If something that you're doing doesn't challenge you, then it doesn't change you. We all need some normal stress in our lives, after all. __11_ So challenge the following limits：
★Figure out what you're scared of and do it continuously.
If you're a salesman, and you're scared of talking to people personally or over the phone, now, instead of being scared and thinking you'll fail, spend at least five minutes a day picking up the phone and making a call. __12__ But don't stop on the first try! Eventually, you can look at fear in the eyes and say, “Go on. I'm not scared！”
★__13__
Make sure this hobby is not linked to your career; you have to relax and relieve your stress while performing this. Some examples might be cooking, sewing, painting and so on. Apart from helping you challenge yourself, taking a class for your hobby may also give you extra income.
★Set aside at least nine minutes a day for physical exercise.
__14__ A simple 9 minute run around your neighbourhood can do wonders for yourself. Exercise can not only help you maintain your regular weight, but also make you feel better about yourself.
★Travel and allow yourself to be interested in new people.
Don't just limit yourself to your fellow travelers — try to connect with the service staff. You never know what kind of people they're going to be. Get out of your house or go online right now to book your class. __15__
A．You should do it continuously.
B．Someone may hang up on you.
C．You don't need to go to the gym.
D．Running in the gym may be a better choice.
E．Start to travel now and learn to challenge yourself.
F．Take a class for a hobby you've been wanting to develop.
G．You can never see any improvement if you stick to your comfort zone.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。人要接受挑战，如果只是待在舒适区，就不会有任何提升和进步。
11．选G 根据文章的结构可知，第一段是总起段。整段内容都是在讲我们应该做具有挑战性的事情，结合备选项的含义可知，符合此处语境的是G项。
12．选B 由空格后面的一句“But don't stop on the first try！”表示的转折含义以及前面举的打电话的例子可知，空格处应该是讲给客户打电话时遭到了拒绝，这与B项的表述相吻合。hang up on sb.“挂断某人的电话”，是固定搭配。
13．选F 根据文章的结构可知，此处是下一段的标题句，F项中的hobby与下一段两次出现的hobby相吻合。
14．选C 由这一段主题句中的“physical exercise”可知，这是在建议我们要进行适当锻炼。由空格后一句中的“run around your neighbourhood can do wonders”可知，作者认为并没有必要去健身房锻炼，所以选C项。
15．选E 由本段主题句中的travel可知，此处作者建议去旅行，E项中的travel正好与之相匹配。
Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In her 102 years old, Sally Lepis has been known for helping her family, friends and neighbors, earning herself the name “Mother Teresa” among relatives.So when the old lady couldn't __16__ to replace her decades old hearing aids and it became increasingly difficult to __17__， a local non profit was happy to give a __18__.Last month, Lepis was __19__ hearing aids, worth about $7,500, through Senior Dreams Come True, a non profit program run by a law firm.
“Mrs. Lepis has __20__ so much of herself over the years to friends, family and those __21__ in her community，” said Jennifer Cona, a managing partner at the law firm.Lepis has long been the __22__ that's kept her family together, her niece, Olivia Schmidt, 73, said.When Schmidt was a teenager, her mother, Lepis' twin sister, died at age 42.Lepis __23__ jumpedin and raised Schmidt in her Westbury home.
The __24__ depended on Lepis several years later __25__.When Lepis' sister in law became sick shortly after giving birth to a daughter, Lepis cared for the newborn in her first six months.After retiring, Lepis __26__ a senior citizen community, where she became known for driving her neighbors to doctors' appointments and taking them grocery shopping.
“It's __27__ that she has done so much for so many people and thinks __28__ of it，” said Schmidt, who __29__ to nominate (推荐) her aunt for Senior Dreams Come True over the summer.
In July, Schmidt and her cousins wrote letters to the nonprofit program, __30__ Lepis for her lifetime of __31__ deeds.Later that month, Lepis learned she would __32__ new hearing aids, replacing the ones she had used for the past 25 years.The __33__ devices (装置) have made talking over the phone much __34__， and will make __35__ that Lepis will again be a lively presence at her family's Thanksgiving dinner.
语篇解读：本文是记叙文。102岁高龄的Lepis老人终身为他人奉献。支付不起购买新助听器费用的她，得到了一家非营利组织的帮助。
16．A.expect B．afford
C．stop D．offer
解析：选B 根据下文中的“$7,500”可知，102岁高龄的Lepis无力“支付(afford)”置换助听器的费用。
17．A.communicate B．exercise
C．explain D．see
解析：选A 根据本句中的“replace her decades old hearing aids”可知，老人现在所佩戴的助听器已经有几十年了，与人“交流(communicate)”变得日益困难，助听器到了需要置换了。
18．A.suggestion B．promise
C．hand D．prize
解析：选C 参见下题解析。
19．A.lent B．sold
C．presented D．recommended
解析：选C 根据下文中的“hearing aids, worth about $7,500, through ... a law firm”可知，本地的一家非营利组织向老人伸出了援助之“手(hand)”，上个月老人接受了该组织“赠予(presented)”的新助听器。
20．A.given B．lost
C．talked D．hidden
解析：选A 参见下题解析。
21．A.with patience B．with luck
C．in charge D．in need
解析：选D 根据第一段中的“has been known for helping her family, friends and neighbors”可知，Jennifer Cona说到，Lepis老人经年累月地为了家人、朋友和那些“需要帮助的(in need)”人“奉献着(given)”自己。
22．A.voice B．glue
C．tradition D．change
解析：选B 参见下题解析。
23．A.gratefully B．repeatedly
C．eventually D．immediately
解析：选D 根据语境可知，Lepis老人的外甥女Olivia Schmidt说道，长期以来，Lepis扮演着这个家庭“粘合剂(glue)”的角色，将这个家团结起来。Schmidt的妈妈42岁早逝后，Lepis“立即(immediately)”承担起照料Schmidt的责任。
24．A.company B．hospital
C．family D．neighborhood
解析：选C 参见下题解析。
25．A.still B．again
C．instead D．thus
解析：选B 根据下文中的“When Lepis' sister in law ... her first six months”可知，几年以后，这个“家(family)”“又一次(again)”由Lepis担起了重任。
26．A.moved to B．searched for
C．thought over D．cleaned out
解析：选A 退休后，Lepis“搬到了(moved to)”老年社区，在这里，她又一次奉献了爱心，因为时常载人看病、购物而闻名。
27．A.pitiful B．challenging
C．natural D．amazing
解析：选D 参见下题解析。
28．A.nothing B．something
C．everything D．anything
解析：选A Lepis老人为他人做出如此多的奉献，自己却认为这些奉献之事只不过是稀松平常之举，Schmidt认为Lepis老人让她十分“惊叹(amazing)”。think nothing of sth.意为“认为(做)某事很平常”。
29．A.asked B．decided
C．managed D．continued
解析：选B 参见第36题解析。
30．A.forgiving B．thanking
C．admiring D．praising
解析：选D 参见下题解析。
31．A.good B．creative
C．basic D．wise
解析：选A 根据“Schmidt and her cousins wrote letters to the non profit program”可知，Schmidt“决定(decided)”向Senior Dreams Come True推荐她的姨母Lepis。在推荐信中，Schmidt“称赞了(praising)”了姨母毕生所做的“高尚的(good)”事。
32．A.produce B．buy
C．receive D．find
解析：选C 参见第40题解析。
33．A.important B．new
C．complex D．similar
解析：选B 参见第40题解析。
34．A.longer B．slower
C．easier D．quieter
解析：选C 参见下题解析。第一段中的“it became increasingly difficult”是提示。
35．A.necessary B．impossible
C．helpful D．certain
解析：选D 根据语境可知，七月末，Lepis得知自己将“收到(receive)”新的助听器，“新(new)”助听器使得打电话交流变得比原来“更容易(easier)”了，无疑，Lepis老人又会生气勃勃地出现在今年的家庭感恩节聚会上了。make certain that ...意为“确保……”。
非选择题部分
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Twenty five years ago, most young British people wanted a career in law, to be a doctor, or to take up singing.But today, things stand __36__ (different)．
According to a recent survey, the “dream job” of young people aged between 16 and 25 in the UK is a video blogger, or “vlogger (视频博主)”．The survey, __37__ (carry) out among 1,002 people, found that over 40% of them put vlogger as their number one choice on a list of dream __38__ (career)．
The change is largely due to the rapid development of information technology (IT)．The Internet and social media have made it easier and more __39__ (convenience) to reach a global audience, without having to enter a career in show business in the traditional way.
“In the past, the biggest stars __40__ (make) by the Hollywood studios; now, anyone with a computer camera may become a star，” said Phil Samuels, __41__ expert from UK.“From fashion __42__ comedy, these self made stars interact (互动) online with their fans about everyday life.”
However, what people see __43__ (be) only the bright side of being a vlogger and they ignore the fact that only those who are successful can gain fame and fortune.Actually, for every success there are a hundred others __44__ never get off the starting block.This is why some young people still show __45__ (prefer) for traditional jobs.
语篇解读：本文是说明文。你的理想职业是什么？25年前，不少英国年轻人的答案或许会是律师、医生或歌手。而如今的英国年轻人的理想职业却是视频博主。
36．differently 空格中所填单词在句中修饰谓语动词stand，因此需用different的副词形式。
37．carried carried out among 1,002 people是过去分词短语在句中作定语，修饰The survey, 分词动作carry out与逻辑主语The survey之间是被动关系。
38．careers a list of后接可数名词时，名词需用复数形式。
39．convenient 空格中所填单词在句中作宾补，需用convenience的形容词形式。
40．were made 主语stars是谓语动词动作make的承受者，需用被动语态；时间状语in the past与一般过去时连用。
41．an Phil Samuels是一位英国专家，expert以元音音素开头，故用an。
42．to from ...to ...“从……到……”是习惯搭配。
43．is 这里说的是一般性道理，用一般现在时；主语从句what people see是单数概念，谓语动词用单数。
44．who/that 关系代词who/that指代先行词a hundred others, 引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。
45．preference 空格中所填单词在句中作show的宾语，需用prefer的名词形式。
Ⅴ.应用文写作(满分15分)
假如你是王林，你听说好友陈辉因为压力太大想辍学。请你根据以下要点提示给他写一封信：
1．劝陈辉正确对待压力，并提出减轻压力的几个方法；
2．希望陈辉接受自己的建议。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
Dear Chen Hui，
I'm sorry to learn that you intend to drop out for high stress. As one of your friends, I hope that you can give up the idea.
First of all, you should have a right attitude towards stress. Stress is a small part in our normal life. Second, I suggest you calm down and find out the cause of your stress and manage to come up with ways of dealing with it. As to how to reduce stress, you may take exercise, listen to music or turn to your teachers or classmates for help.
I hope that you can take my suggestion into account and I'm convinced that you will make a right decision.
Yours truly，
Wang Lin
Ⅵ.概要写作(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Colleges are attaching too much importance to tests. Students who receive higher scores on the SAT and the ACT are considered to be more intelligent and as a result they are usually admitted to better schools.
However, these tests don't necessarily ensure one's future success in life. To become better test takers than others, some students would like to have more preparations. Several SAT and ACT prep classes are offered by various companies and individual tutors, giving rich students a better chance to improve their scores. Some students even take medicine before their test. Although it is not proved that taking these drugs will increase a student's score, the nature of the drug is to increase alertness (敏捷), concentration, and mental processing speed.
In addition, these tests can't show some of the skills and characters that are a key part to success. According to Bob Schaeffer of the National Center for Fair and Open Testing, creativity, perseverance and self discipline (自律) are just a few basic qualities that are useful in the professional world that aren't measured by these tests. A high test score tells you nothing about how a student will handle the future life or how well they will adapt to their surroundings.
What colleges can do is weigh the students' academic track, such as what classes they took and how difficult they were, or what extra curricular activities the students were involved in over their test scores. These things don't necessarily predict what the students will do in college, but if the admissions would pay more attention to four years of hard work instead of three hours of filling in bubbles (泡状框), they might get more successful and well rounded group of graduates.
参考范文：
Colleges are too dependent on tests in admitting their new students. (要点1) Nevertheless, these tests, in which students can get high scores by taking extra prep classes or medicines, cannot guarantee them a rosy future. (要点2) Besides, these tests are not able to give an accurate picture of students' full potential. (要点3) Therefore, to make sure they can get all round top graduates, colleges should take the students' academic track into consideration. (要点4)
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Unit 1 单元质量检测（一）
选择题部分
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Nobel Prize Winners in Literature
Rabindranath Tagore (1913)
Prize motivation: “because of his profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful verse (诗歌), by which, with consummate skill, he has made his poetic thought, expressed in his own English words, a part of the literature of the West”
William Faulkner (1949)
Prize motivation: “for his powerful and artistically unique contribution to the modern American novel”
Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (1953)
Prize motivation: “for his mastery of historical and biographical description as well as for brilliant oratory (演说才能) in defending exalted human values”
Ernest Miller Hemingway (1954)
Prize motivation: “for his mastery of the art of narrative, most recently demonstrated in The Old Man and the Sea, and for the influence that he has exerted on contemporary style”
John Steinbeck (1962)
Prize motivation: “for his realistic and imaginative writings, combining as they do sympathetic humor and keen social perception”
Claude Simon (1985)
Prize motivation: “who in his novel combines the poet's and the painter's creativeness with a deepened awareness of time in the depiction of the human condition”
Mo Yan (2012)
Prize motivation: “who with hallucinatory (幻觉般的) realism merges folk tales, history and the contemporary”
Bob Dylan (2016)
Prize motivation: “for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition”
语篇解读：本文向我们介绍了八位著名的诺贝尔文学奖获得者的获奖原因。
1．Which writer won Nobel Prize for his poetry
A．William Faulkner. B．Bob Dylan.
C．Rabindranath Tagore. D．Claude Simon.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据标题Rabindranath Tagore (1913)部分中的“because of his profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful verse (诗歌), by which, with consummate skill ...”可知，拉宾德拉纳特·泰戈尔因为诗歌而获得诺贝尔文学奖。故选C项。
2．Which writer won Noble Prize mostly for his specific work
A．Ernest Hemingway. B．John Steinbeck.
C．William Faulkner. D．Winston Churchill.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据标题Ernest Miller Hemingway (1954)部分中的“for his mastery of the art of narrative, most recently demonstrated in The Old Man and the Sea ...”可知，海明威主要是凭借《老人与海》这部小说获奖，其他获奖者的获奖理由中并未提及具体作品。故选A项。
3．Who described real life experiences in his historic works
A．John Steinbeck. B．Mo Yan.
C．Ernest Hemingway. D．Winston Churchill.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据标题Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (1953)部分中的“for his mastery of historical and biographical description ...”可知，丘吉尔精通历史和传记写作，故D项正确。
B
Throughout my educational years, despite the kind teachers I had met, I never felt interest in writing until I met her, Mrs.Kelley.At first, I believed that writing would still be my worst class.Gradually, my fondness increased.She taught the lesson in such a lively way and her word choice impressed me.But that was not what made her my favorite.Unlike other teachers, after instructions, she gave an enormous amount of freedom in what we wrote, allowing us to create our own stories using our imagination.And that mattered most.
There was one really revolutionary event: the historical fiction unit.We were to invent our own stories using the period we were given.World War Ⅱ was mine.At that point, I was just looking for a good grade.Rather than creating a mundane (平淡的) story, I wanted to make a story that I felt was meaningful.As I progressed, I was pulled further and further into the reality that I had made.Grammar no longer existed, as my hands gained acceleration.When I typed the final word, my hands trembled with excitement.Briefly, I read it over and then submitted the draft.
In the midst of anxiousness, Mrs.Kelley responded.She pointed out some mistakes and gave some suggestions.Sadly, there were no comments of recognition.I fixed the errors and moved on.But when waiting for the final grade, I erased all the unrealistic thoughts that wandered in my mind.
In the next class, surprisingly, after handing back my paper, Mrs.Kelley mentioned that my story was very good.I looked at her in confusion.Soon excitement stirred inside me.I found a “＋5” attached to the score.She had given an extra point in “Plot”， adding an “Excellent！” No other teacher had done this.On that day, I felt what it means to be a writer.Mrs.Kelley introduced me to the beauty of literature and made writing so enjoyable.
语篇解读：本文是记叙文。作者以前一直对写作不感兴趣，在Kelley老师的引导下，他逐渐感受到写作的乐趣，继而全身心投入其中，最终获得了老师的肯定。
4．What made Mrs.Kelley so special according to the author
A．Her patience and kindness.
B．Her confidence in students.
C．Her creative teaching style.
D．Her professional knowledge.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Unlike other teachers, after instructions, she gave an enormous amount of freedom in what we wrote, allowing us to create our own stories using our imagination.And that mattered most”可知，Kelley老师最大的优点在于她的授课方式很有创意，她给予学生充分的自由，允许他们发挥自己的想象力进行写作。
5．How did the author feel when Mrs.Kelley responded at first
A．Excited. B．Worried.
C．Surprised. D．Disappointed.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Sadly, there were no comments of recognition.”可知，Kelley老师只是指出了写作中的错误，并提出建议，并没有认可性的评论，这令作者有些沮丧。
6．What was the biggest benefit the author got from Mrs.Kelley's class
A．Recognizing his talent.
B．Finding the joy of writing.
C．Determining his lifetime career.
D．Acquiring practical writing skills.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段中的“On that day, I felt what it means to be a writer.Mrs.Kelley introduced me to the beauty of literature and made writing so enjoyable”可知，在Kelley老师的教导下，作者由原来的反感到逐渐爱上写作这门课，感受到文学的魅力以及写作的快乐，这是他最大的收获。
C
Born in London in 1825, Thomas Henry Huxley was one of the great men of the nineteenth century.In 1846 Thomas Henry Huxley was appointed assistant doctor aboard H．M.S. Rattlesnake.The ship had been asked to survey areas of the Great Barrier Reef and the neighboring seas.This gave Thomas Henry Huxley an opportunity to study animal life and was the start of his biological career.The voyage lasted four years, during which time he gathered much information on plankton (浮游生物)．
On his return from the voyage, Thomas Henry Huxley was made a member of the Royal Society in recognition of his scientific work.Although he continued to publish papers about plankton, his interest was turning towards vertebrate (有脊椎的) animals.For some time Thomas Henry Huxley and his workmates had been discussing the possibility that animal species had evolved (进化), one from another.No satisfactory theories had been put forward, but in 1859 Darwin's Origin of Species appeared.Thomas Henry Huxley at once realized its importance and how the theory of natural selection provided “the working hypothesis (假说) we sought”．
For the rest of his life Thomas Henry Huxley struggled to ensure the full recognition of Darwin's work.In 1863 Thomas Henry Huxley published Man's Place in Nature in which he compared man and great apes (猿)．He clearly showed similarities.
Despite his many achievements he was given no award by the British state until late in his life.From about 1870, Thomas Henry Huxley was too involved in other things to continue actual research.He had always been interested in education.He pioneered the teaching of biology and his method of selecting “type animals” is still followed today.He spent the last ten years of his life writing essays mainly on biology.
语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章介绍了英国生物学家、教育家赫胥黎的生平以及他的主要科学研究。
7．Why did Huxley go on the voyage
A．To explore the deep sea.
B．To do research on sea animals.
C．To work as a doctor on the ship.
D．To gather information for his paper.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段的“In 1846 Thomas Henry Huxley was appointed assistant doctor aboard H．M.S.Rattlesnake”可知，赫胥黎进行这次航行的最初目的是在船上担任助理医生。
8．How did Huxley react to the theory of natural selection
A．He had doubt about it.
B．He thought highly of it.
C．He couldn't understand it.
D．He thought he developed it first.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第二段的“Thomas Henry Huxley at once realized its importance and how the theory of natural selection provided 'the working hypothesis (假说) we sought'”可知，赫胥黎很重视达尔文的自然选择学说。
9．What do we know about Huxley's book Man's Place in Nature
A．It discusses the importance of human beings.
B．It focuses on Darwin's theory of natural selection.
C．It talks about the differences between man and apes.
D．It provides evidence about the evolution of man from apes.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，赫胥黎在他的著作《人类在自然界的位置》中比较了人类与猿之间的相似处，说明它们在进化过程中的联系。
10．What can we learn about Huxley from the last paragraph
A．He continued his research till his death.
B．He contributed a lot to biology teaching.
C．He never got awards for his achievements.
D．He became a good novelist late in his life.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“He had always been interested in education.He pioneered the teaching of biology and his method of selecting 'type animals' is still followed today”可知，赫胥黎在生物教学方面做出了很大的贡献。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If something that you're doing doesn't challenge you, then it doesn't change you. We all need some normal stress in our lives, after all. __11_ So challenge the following limits：
★Figure out what you're scared of and do it continuously.
If you're a salesman, and you're scared of talking to people personally or over the phone, now, instead of being scared and thinking you'll fail, spend at least five minutes a day picking up the phone and making a call. __12__ But don't stop on the first try! Eventually, you can look at fear in the eyes and say, “Go on. I'm not scared！”
★__13__
Make sure this hobby is not linked to your career; you have to relax and relieve your stress while performing this. Some examples might be cooking, sewing, painting and so on. Apart from helping you challenge yourself, taking a class for your hobby may also give you extra income.
★Set aside at least nine minutes a day for physical exercise.
__14__ A simple 9 minute run around your neighbourhood can do wonders for yourself. Exercise can not only help you maintain your regular weight, but also make you feel better about yourself.
★Travel and allow yourself to be interested in new people.
Don't just limit yourself to your fellow travelers — try to connect with the service staff. You never know what kind of people they're going to be. Get out of your house or go online right now to book your class. __15__
A．You should do it continuously.
B．Someone may hang up on you.
C．You don't need to go to the gym.
D．Running in the gym may be a better choice.
E．Start to travel now and learn to challenge yourself.
F．Take a class for a hobby you've been wanting to develop.
G．You can never see any improvement if you stick to your comfort zone.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。人要接受挑战，如果只是待在舒适区，就不会有任何提升和进步。
11．选G 根据文章的结构可知，第一段是总起段。整段内容都是在讲我们应该做具有挑战性的事情，结合备选项的含义可知，符合此处语境的是G项。
12．选B 由空格后面的一句“But don't stop on the first try！”表示的转折含义以及前面举的打电话的例子可知，空格处应该是讲给客户打电话时遭到了拒绝，这与B项的表述相吻合。hang up on sb.“挂断某人的电话”，是固定搭配。
13．选F 根据文章的结构可知，此处是下一段的标题句，F项中的hobby与下一段两次出现的hobby相吻合。
14．选C 由这一段主题句中的“physical exercise”可知，这是在建议我们要进行适当锻炼。由空格后一句中的“run around your neighbourhood can do wonders”可知，作者认为并没有必要去健身房锻炼，所以选C项。
15．选E 由本段主题句中的travel可知，此处作者建议去旅行，E项中的travel正好与之相匹配。
Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In her 102 years old, Sally Lepis has been known for helping her family, friends and neighbors, earning herself the name “Mother Teresa” among relatives.So when the old lady couldn't __16__ to replace her decades old hearing aids and it became increasingly difficult to __17__， a local non profit was happy to give a __18__.Last month, Lepis was __19__ hearing aids, worth about $7,500, through Senior Dreams Come True, a non profit program run by a law firm.
“Mrs. Lepis has __20__ so much of herself over the years to friends, family and those __21__ in her community，” said Jennifer Cona, a managing partner at the law firm.Lepis has long been the __22__ that's kept her family together, her niece, Olivia Schmidt, 73, said.When Schmidt was a teenager, her mother, Lepis' twin sister, died at age 42.Lepis __23__ jumpedin and raised Schmidt in her Westbury home.
The __24__ depended on Lepis several years later __25__.When Lepis' sister in law became sick shortly after giving birth to a daughter, Lepis cared for the newborn in her first six months.After retiring, Lepis __26__ a senior citizen community, where she became known for driving her neighbors to doctors' appointments and taking them grocery shopping.
“It's __27__ that she has done so much for so many people and thinks __28__ of it，” said Schmidt, who __29__ to nominate (推荐) her aunt for Senior Dreams Come True over the summer.
In July, Schmidt and her cousins wrote letters to the nonprofit program, __30__ Lepis for her lifetime of __31__ deeds.Later that month, Lepis learned she would __32__ new hearing aids, replacing the ones she had used for the past 25 years.The __33__ devices (装置) have made talking over the phone much __34__， and will make __35__ that Lepis will again be a lively presence at her family's Thanksgiving dinner.
语篇解读：本文是记叙文。102岁高龄的Lepis老人终身为他人奉献。支付不起购买新助听器费用的她，得到了一家非营利组织的帮助。
16．A.expect B．afford
C．stop D．offer
解析：选B 根据下文中的“$7,500”可知，102岁高龄的Lepis无力“支付(afford)”置换助听器的费用。
17．A.communicate B．exercise
C．explain D．see
解析：选A 根据本句中的“replace her decades old hearing aids”可知，老人现在所佩戴的助听器已经有几十年了，与人“交流(communicate)”变得日益困难，助听器到了需要置换了。
18．A.suggestion B．promise
C．hand D．prize
解析：选C 参见下题解析。
19．A.lent B．sold
C．presented D．recommended
解析：选C 根据下文中的“hearing aids, worth about $7,500, through ... a law firm”可知，本地的一家非营利组织向老人伸出了援助之“手(hand)”，上个月老人接受了该组织“赠予(presented)”的新助听器。
20．A.given B．lost
C．talked D．hidden
解析：选A 参见下题解析。
21．A.with patience B．with luck
C．in charge D．in need
解析：选D 根据第一段中的“has been known for helping her family, friends and neighbors”可知，Jennifer Cona说到，Lepis老人经年累月地为了家人、朋友和那些“需要帮助的(in need)”人“奉献着(given)”自己。
22．A.voice B．glue
C．tradition D．change
解析：选B 参见下题解析。
23．A.gratefully B．repeatedly
C．eventually D．immediately
解析：选D 根据语境可知，Lepis老人的外甥女Olivia Schmidt说道，长期以来，Lepis扮演着这个家庭“粘合剂(glue)”的角色，将这个家团结起来。Schmidt的妈妈42岁早逝后，Lepis“立即(immediately)”承担起照料Schmidt的责任。
24．A.company B．hospital
C．family D．neighborhood
解析：选C 参见下题解析。
25．A.still B．again
C．instead D．thus
解析：选B 根据下文中的“When Lepis' sister in law ... her first six months”可知，几年以后，这个“家(family)”“又一次(again)”由Lepis担起了重任。
26．A.moved to B．searched for
C．thought over D．cleaned out
解析：选A 退休后，Lepis“搬到了(moved to)”老年社区，在这里，她又一次奉献了爱心，因为时常载人看病、购物而闻名。
27．A.pitiful B．challenging
C．natural D．amazing
解析：选D 参见下题解析。
28．A.nothing B．something
C．everything D．anything
解析：选A Lepis老人为他人做出如此多的奉献，自己却认为这些奉献之事只不过是稀松平常之举，Schmidt认为Lepis老人让她十分“惊叹(amazing)”。think nothing of sth.意为“认为(做)某事很平常”。
29．A.asked B．decided
C．managed D．continued
解析：选B 参见第36题解析。
30．A.forgiving B．thanking
C．admiring D．praising
解析：选D 参见下题解析。
31．A.good B．creative
C．basic D．wise
解析：选A 根据“Schmidt and her cousins wrote letters to the non profit program”可知，Schmidt“决定(decided)”向Senior Dreams Come True推荐她的姨母Lepis。在推荐信中，Schmidt“称赞了(praising)”了姨母毕生所做的“高尚的(good)”事。
32．A.produce B．buy
C．receive D．find
解析：选C 参见第40题解析。
33．A.important B．new
C．complex D．similar
解析：选B 参见第40题解析。
34．A.longer B．slower
C．easier D．quieter
解析：选C 参见下题解析。第一段中的“it became increasingly difficult”是提示。
35．A.necessary B．impossible
C．helpful D．certain
解析：选D 根据语境可知，七月末，Lepis得知自己将“收到(receive)”新的助听器，“新(new)”助听器使得打电话交流变得比原来“更容易(easier)”了，无疑，Lepis老人又会生气勃勃地出现在今年的家庭感恩节聚会上了。make certain that ...意为“确保……”。
非选择题部分
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Twenty five years ago, most young British people wanted a career in law, to be a doctor, or to take up singing.But today, things stand __36__ (different)．
According to a recent survey, the “dream job” of young people aged between 16 and 25 in the UK is a video blogger, or “vlogger (视频博主)”．The survey, __37__ (carry) out among 1,002 people, found that over 40% of them put vlogger as their number one choice on a list of dream __38__ (career)．
The change is largely due to the rapid development of information technology (IT)．The Internet and social media have made it easier and more __39__ (convenience) to reach a global audience, without having to enter a career in show business in the traditional way.
“In the past, the biggest stars __40__ (make) by the Hollywood studios; now, anyone with a computer camera may become a star，” said Phil Samuels, __41__ expert from UK.“From fashion __42__ comedy, these self made stars interact (互动) online with their fans about everyday life.”
However, what people see __43__ (be) only the bright side of being a vlogger and they ignore the fact that only those who are successful can gain fame and fortune.Actually, for every success there are a hundred others __44__ never get off the starting block.This is why some young people still show __45__ (prefer) for traditional jobs.
语篇解读：本文是说明文。你的理想职业是什么？25年前，不少英国年轻人的答案或许会是律师、医生或歌手。而如今的英国年轻人的理想职业却是视频博主。
36．differently 空格中所填单词在句中修饰谓语动词stand，因此需用different的副词形式。
37．carried carried out among 1,002 people是过去分词短语在句中作定语，修饰The survey, 分词动作carry out与逻辑主语The survey之间是被动关系。
38．careers a list of后接可数名词时，名词需用复数形式。
39．convenient 空格中所填单词在句中作宾补，需用convenience的形容词形式。
40．were made 主语stars是谓语动词动作make的承受者，需用被动语态；时间状语in the past与一般过去时连用。
41．an Phil Samuels是一位英国专家，expert以元音音素开头，故用an。
42．to from ...to ...“从……到……”是习惯搭配。
43．is 这里说的是一般性道理，用一般现在时；主语从句what people see是单数概念，谓语动词用单数。
44．who/that 关系代词who/that指代先行词a hundred others, 引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。
45．preference 空格中所填单词在句中作show的宾语，需用prefer的名词形式。
Ⅴ.应用文写作(满分15分)
假如你是王林，你听说好友陈辉因为压力太大想辍学。请你根据以下要点提示给他写一封信：
1．劝陈辉正确对待压力，并提出减轻压力的几个方法；
2．希望陈辉接受自己的建议。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
Dear Chen Hui，
I'm sorry to learn that you intend to drop out for high stress. As one of your friends, I hope that you can give up the idea.
First of all, you should have a right attitude towards stress. Stress is a small part in our normal life. Second, I suggest you calm down and find out the cause of your stress and manage to come up with ways of dealing with it. As to how to reduce stress, you may take exercise, listen to music or turn to your teachers or classmates for help.
I hope that you can take my suggestion into account and I'm convinced that you will make a right decision.
Yours truly，
Wang Lin
Ⅵ.概要写作(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Colleges are attaching too much importance to tests. Students who receive higher scores on the SAT and the ACT are considered to be more intelligent and as a result they are usually admitted to better schools.
However, these tests don't necessarily ensure one's future success in life. To become better test takers than others, some students would like to have more preparations. Several SAT and ACT prep classes are offered by various companies and individual tutors, giving rich students a better chance to improve their scores. Some students even take medicine before their test. Although it is not proved that taking these drugs will increase a student's score, the nature of the drug is to increase alertness (敏捷), concentration, and mental processing speed.
In addition, these tests can't show some of the skills and characters that are a key part to success. According to Bob Schaeffer of the National Center for Fair and Open Testing, creativity, perseverance and self discipline (自律) are just a few basic qualities that are useful in the professional world that aren't measured by these tests. A high test score tells you nothing about how a student will handle the future life or how well they will adapt to their surroundings.
What colleges can do is weigh the students' academic track, such as what classes they took and how difficult they were, or what extra curricular activities the students were involved in over their test scores. These things don't necessarily predict what the students will do in college, but if the admissions would pay more attention to four years of hard work instead of three hours of filling in bubbles (泡状框), they might get more successful and well rounded group of graduates.
参考范文：
Colleges are too dependent on tests in admitting their new students. (要点1) Nevertheless, these tests, in which students can get high scores by taking extra prep classes or medicines, cannot guarantee them a rosy future. (要点2) Besides, these tests are not able to give an accurate picture of students' full potential. (要点3) Therefore, to make sure they can get all round top graduates, colleges should take the students' academic track into consideration. (要点4)