人教版（2019）必修二 Unit 3 The Internet Discovering Useful Structures 学案（无答案）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）必修二 Unit 3 The Internet Discovering Useful Structures 学案（无答案） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-12-26 17:51:49 | ||
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文档简介
Section Ⅱ Discovering Useful Structures
单元语法精析
现在完成时的被动语态
语法点拨
一、现在完成时的被动语态的形式
现在完成时的被动语态的基本构成是：have/has been done。但在不同的句式中，其具体形式也有所不同。
1．肯定句形式
主语＋have/has＋been＋done＋其他。
The bridge over the Yellow River has just been completed.
黄河上的桥刚刚建成。
The chicken has been stewed for two hours.
鸡已经炖了两个小时了。
2．否定句形式
主语＋have/has＋not＋been＋done＋其他。
They haven’t been told the exciting news yet, have they
还没有告诉他们这个令人激动的消息，对吗？
The second－hand car has not been sold.
这辆二手汽车还没有卖出去。
3．一般疑问形式
Have/Has＋主语＋been done＋其他？
—Has her work been finished
——她的工作完成了吗？
—Yes, it has.
——是的，完成了。
4．特殊疑问形式
疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done＋其他？
How long has the machine been used
这台机器使用多久啦？
即学即练
变换句子
The children have already been told the good news.
①将原句变为否定句。
__The children haven’t been told the good news yet.__
②将原句变为一般疑问句。
__Have the children been told the good news yet？__
③对原句中的the children进行提问。
__Who has been told the good news yet？__
完成句子
④I’m sorry, but the letters __haven’t been typed__ yet.
很抱歉，但是这些信件还没有被打印出来。
⑤The plan __has been discussed__ for nearly two hours.
这项计划已被讨论了近两个小时了。
⑥She __hasn’t been mentioned__ since then.
从那时候起，她就没被提起。
二、现在完成时的被动语态的用法
1．现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去一个被动的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与already，yet，just，never，recently等副词连用。
The room has already been cleaned.
房间已经被打扫干净了。(现在已不用打扫房间了)
The doctor hasn’t been sent for yet.
还没有派人去请医生。(现在应派人去请医生)
2．表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与for或since 等引导的时间状语(从句)连用，或用于how long 引导的句子中。
The machine has been repaired for two hours.
这台机器已经修了两个小时了。(可能还会继续被修)
How long has the project been carried out
这项工程已实施多长时间了？(可能还会继续实施)
3．用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。
You shouldn’t leave school before your homework has been finished.
在你的作业没完成之前你不应该离开学校。
思维拓展
常与现在完成时连用的时间状语
already已经
yet已经
recently/lately最近
since then从那时起
ever since自那以来
ever曾经
so far迄今为止
for a long time很长一段时间
by now到现在为止
in recent years在最近几年里
in/during/over the past/last years在过去的几年里
即学即练
用现在完成时的被动语态改写句子
①Jack’s boss has always praised him for his devotion to work.
→Jack __has always been praised__ by his boss for his devotion to work.
②They have found a good place to build a temple in the village.
→A good place __has been found__ to build a temple in the village.
③We haven’t decided how to solve that difficult technological problem yet.
→How to solve that difficult technological problem __hasn’t been decided__ yet.
完成句子
④I will go home when my homework __has been finished__.
当我的家庭作业完成时我就回家。
⑤Paper money __has been used for over one thousand years__.
纸币已被使用1 000多年了。
三、现在完成时的被动语态的注意事项
1．现在完成时的被动语态有两个助动词，即have/has 和 been，两者缺一不可。
2．现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别：
一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候，其结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时的被动语态侧重于表示动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但该动作或状态对现在造成了影响(或产生了结果)。
The big fire was put out two hours ago.
大火两小时前被扑灭了。
The big fire has been put out.
大火已经被扑灭了。
3．finish, buy, start, begin, post, return, borrow, join, open 等非持续性动词的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
这个工程开始多久了？
【误】How long has this project been started
【正】How long ago was this project started
4．动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在被动结构中要保持其完整性，不可省略动词短语中的介词或副词。
It is said that the problem has been looked into.
据说已经调查了这个问题。
即学即练
完成句子
①The library __has been built__.
这座图书馆已经建好了。
②The library __was built__ last year.
这座图书馆是去年建成的。
③The injured bird __has been looked after__ since it was saved.
那只受伤的小鸟被救后一直被照看着。
判断下列句子的正误(T/F)
④The work has been finished for two days.( F )
⑤This book has not been borrowed since last week.( T )
专项练习
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．In the last few years thousands of films __have been produced__(produce) all over the world.
2．Shakespeare’s play Hamlet __has been made__(make) into at least ten different films over the past years.
3．So far about five thousand trees __have been planted__(plant) around our village.
4．The diamond mine __was discovered__(discover) accidentally by a little boy when he was playing hide－and－seek.
5．Great changes __have taken__(take) place in the past 10 years.
6．Although both sides have been making efforts, no conclusion __has been drawn__(draw) up to now.
7．That book __has been translated__(translate) into at least 20 foreign languages in the last 10 years.
8．It’s the first time that the old computer __has been checked__(check) since I bought it.
9．Do you know anyone that __has been put__(put) into space rockets and __sent__(send) to explore the Moon and Mars since last century
10．We are glad to be told that Li Tao __has been admitted__(admit) to Fudan University for his top score in the Maths Contest.
Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成句子
1．How many workers __have been sent__(已派遣) to build the railway
2．—Why does Mary look so unhappy
—Because she __has been laughed at__(被嘲笑) by her classmates.
3．It is said that the house __has been broken into__(闯进了) by two thieves.
4．The two pens __have not been taken away__(未被拿走) by him.
5．Where has the television __been repaired__(被修理了)
6．The price of a color TV set __has been brought down__(降价了) again.
7．What __has been translated__(已被译成) into many foreign languages
8．The buildings __have been destroyed__(已经被毁) in the earthquake.
9．The problem __has not been solved__(尚未被解决) by us yet.
10．The computers __have been given away__(已被赠送) to a local school by the company.
Ⅲ.语法主题应用
李明和林涛在新学期第一天见面，他们在谈论那个城市地震一年后的情况。请根据语境，用相应的时态完成下面对话。
Li Ming：Hi，Li Tao. How nice to see you on the first day of the new term!
Lin Tao：Yes. Nice to see you again.
Li Ming：I know that your parents 1．__have been working__(work) in that city for about a year. Can you tell me something about it after the earthquake
Lin Tao：Of course. Since the earthquake 2．__happened__(happen), many soldiers 3．__have been sent__(send) there, and many kinds of supplies(物资供应) 4．__have been carried__(carry) there from all over the country. Now, most people there 5．__live/are living__(live) a happy life again.
Li Ming：How about the schools there
Lin Tao：Several new schools 6．__have been set up__(set up) and also some schools which 7．__were damaged__(damage) in the earthquake 8．__have been rebuilt__(rebuild). So all the students can go back to school to study now.
Li Ming：That’s wonderful. I’m sure their life will be better and better. When will your parents come back
Lin Tao：They will be back next month.
PAGE
单元语法精析
现在完成时的被动语态
语法点拨
一、现在完成时的被动语态的形式
现在完成时的被动语态的基本构成是：have/has been done。但在不同的句式中，其具体形式也有所不同。
1．肯定句形式
主语＋have/has＋been＋done＋其他。
The bridge over the Yellow River has just been completed.
黄河上的桥刚刚建成。
The chicken has been stewed for two hours.
鸡已经炖了两个小时了。
2．否定句形式
主语＋have/has＋not＋been＋done＋其他。
They haven’t been told the exciting news yet, have they
还没有告诉他们这个令人激动的消息，对吗？
The second－hand car has not been sold.
这辆二手汽车还没有卖出去。
3．一般疑问形式
Have/Has＋主语＋been done＋其他？
—Has her work been finished
——她的工作完成了吗？
—Yes, it has.
——是的，完成了。
4．特殊疑问形式
疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done＋其他？
How long has the machine been used
这台机器使用多久啦？
即学即练
变换句子
The children have already been told the good news.
①将原句变为否定句。
__The children haven’t been told the good news yet.__
②将原句变为一般疑问句。
__Have the children been told the good news yet？__
③对原句中的the children进行提问。
__Who has been told the good news yet？__
完成句子
④I’m sorry, but the letters __haven’t been typed__ yet.
很抱歉，但是这些信件还没有被打印出来。
⑤The plan __has been discussed__ for nearly two hours.
这项计划已被讨论了近两个小时了。
⑥She __hasn’t been mentioned__ since then.
从那时候起，她就没被提起。
二、现在完成时的被动语态的用法
1．现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去一个被动的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与already，yet，just，never，recently等副词连用。
The room has already been cleaned.
房间已经被打扫干净了。(现在已不用打扫房间了)
The doctor hasn’t been sent for yet.
还没有派人去请医生。(现在应派人去请医生)
2．表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与for或since 等引导的时间状语(从句)连用，或用于how long 引导的句子中。
The machine has been repaired for two hours.
这台机器已经修了两个小时了。(可能还会继续被修)
How long has the project been carried out
这项工程已实施多长时间了？(可能还会继续实施)
3．用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。
You shouldn’t leave school before your homework has been finished.
在你的作业没完成之前你不应该离开学校。
思维拓展
常与现在完成时连用的时间状语
already已经
yet已经
recently/lately最近
since then从那时起
ever since自那以来
ever曾经
so far迄今为止
for a long time很长一段时间
by now到现在为止
in recent years在最近几年里
in/during/over the past/last years在过去的几年里
即学即练
用现在完成时的被动语态改写句子
①Jack’s boss has always praised him for his devotion to work.
→Jack __has always been praised__ by his boss for his devotion to work.
②They have found a good place to build a temple in the village.
→A good place __has been found__ to build a temple in the village.
③We haven’t decided how to solve that difficult technological problem yet.
→How to solve that difficult technological problem __hasn’t been decided__ yet.
完成句子
④I will go home when my homework __has been finished__.
当我的家庭作业完成时我就回家。
⑤Paper money __has been used for over one thousand years__.
纸币已被使用1 000多年了。
三、现在完成时的被动语态的注意事项
1．现在完成时的被动语态有两个助动词，即have/has 和 been，两者缺一不可。
2．现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别：
一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候，其结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时的被动语态侧重于表示动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但该动作或状态对现在造成了影响(或产生了结果)。
The big fire was put out two hours ago.
大火两小时前被扑灭了。
The big fire has been put out.
大火已经被扑灭了。
3．finish, buy, start, begin, post, return, borrow, join, open 等非持续性动词的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
这个工程开始多久了？
【误】How long has this project been started
【正】How long ago was this project started
4．动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在被动结构中要保持其完整性，不可省略动词短语中的介词或副词。
It is said that the problem has been looked into.
据说已经调查了这个问题。
即学即练
完成句子
①The library __has been built__.
这座图书馆已经建好了。
②The library __was built__ last year.
这座图书馆是去年建成的。
③The injured bird __has been looked after__ since it was saved.
那只受伤的小鸟被救后一直被照看着。
判断下列句子的正误(T/F)
④The work has been finished for two days.( F )
⑤This book has not been borrowed since last week.( T )
专项练习
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．In the last few years thousands of films __have been produced__(produce) all over the world.
2．Shakespeare’s play Hamlet __has been made__(make) into at least ten different films over the past years.
3．So far about five thousand trees __have been planted__(plant) around our village.
4．The diamond mine __was discovered__(discover) accidentally by a little boy when he was playing hide－and－seek.
5．Great changes __have taken__(take) place in the past 10 years.
6．Although both sides have been making efforts, no conclusion __has been drawn__(draw) up to now.
7．That book __has been translated__(translate) into at least 20 foreign languages in the last 10 years.
8．It’s the first time that the old computer __has been checked__(check) since I bought it.
9．Do you know anyone that __has been put__(put) into space rockets and __sent__(send) to explore the Moon and Mars since last century
10．We are glad to be told that Li Tao __has been admitted__(admit) to Fudan University for his top score in the Maths Contest.
Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成句子
1．How many workers __have been sent__(已派遣) to build the railway
2．—Why does Mary look so unhappy
—Because she __has been laughed at__(被嘲笑) by her classmates.
3．It is said that the house __has been broken into__(闯进了) by two thieves.
4．The two pens __have not been taken away__(未被拿走) by him.
5．Where has the television __been repaired__(被修理了)
6．The price of a color TV set __has been brought down__(降价了) again.
7．What __has been translated__(已被译成) into many foreign languages
8．The buildings __have been destroyed__(已经被毁) in the earthquake.
9．The problem __has not been solved__(尚未被解决) by us yet.
10．The computers __have been given away__(已被赠送) to a local school by the company.
Ⅲ.语法主题应用
李明和林涛在新学期第一天见面，他们在谈论那个城市地震一年后的情况。请根据语境，用相应的时态完成下面对话。
Li Ming：Hi，Li Tao. How nice to see you on the first day of the new term!
Lin Tao：Yes. Nice to see you again.
Li Ming：I know that your parents 1．__have been working__(work) in that city for about a year. Can you tell me something about it after the earthquake
Lin Tao：Of course. Since the earthquake 2．__happened__(happen), many soldiers 3．__have been sent__(send) there, and many kinds of supplies(物资供应) 4．__have been carried__(carry) there from all over the country. Now, most people there 5．__live/are living__(live) a happy life again.
Li Ming：How about the schools there
Lin Tao：Several new schools 6．__have been set up__(set up) and also some schools which 7．__were damaged__(damage) in the earthquake 8．__have been rebuilt__(rebuild). So all the students can go back to school to study now.
Li Ming：That’s wonderful. I’m sure their life will be better and better. When will your parents come back
Lin Tao：They will be back next month.
PAGE