Unit 5 单元加餐练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Sunstroke is a condition that can quickly go from dangerous to deadly, especially if proper care isn't given immediately.
Sunstroke, sometimes called heatstroke, is a result of the body temperature rising above the safe limit. This causes the body's necessary functions to stop working.
It's usually pretty easy to avoid sunstroke, as long as proper action is taken. In that case, you need to act as quickly as possible to return that person's body to a safe temperature. Here are a few tips to help treat sunstroke.
Call for help
Call to get an ambulance as quickly as possible. This should be the first thing you do, especially if the sunstroke person has fainted (昏倒). Also, call for help from anyone nearby if you're in a public place. If there's no one around, call someone nearby if they can get there sooner than an ambulance. Ask everyone to bring you as much water as possible, if there isn't much nearby.
Get the person to a cooler area
If there's a building nearby, aim for that. Anywhere with plenty of air conditioners and water is perfect. If a building isn't available, bring the person to a well shaded area.
Get the water flowing
If the person is still conscious, get him or her to drink water. If there's a bathtub available, fill it with cool water and put the person in it.
If your water supply is limited, you have to save it. Dampen a towel or shirt and put it on the person's body. Focus on the face, neck, and chest.
Fan the person
Getting moving air over the person cools him or her down. Use anything, a towel or sheet, a shirt, your hands, or a piece of board. This is where having many people around really helps, as they can combine to fan the entire body.
1．When does a person get sunstroke
A．When the body doesn't function.
B．When proper care is given immediately.
C．When someone is exposed to the sun too long.
D．When the body temperature goes up beyond what one can bear.
2．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text
A．Call for assistance from others.
B．Leave the sunstroke person in the shade.
C．Put a wet towel on the person's face.
D．Help the person take some medicine.
3．What is mainly discussed in the passage
A．The first aid for sunstroke.
B．The causes of sunstroke.
C．The chief symptoms of sunstroke.
D．The essential prevention of sunstroke.
4．The text probably comes from a(n) ________.
A．guidebook B．book review
C．medical magazine D．official document
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Do People Need Small Talk to Be Happy
Psychologists (心理学家) have long said that connecting with others is an important part of happiness, but just how much conversation we require is under examination. In one study, researchers found that small talk made up only 10% of their conversation related with happiness. __1__ Scientists believe that small talk could promote bonding. Late last year, Princeton researchers reported that small talk keeps closeness with loved ones, and isn't merely the stuff of awkward exchanges with strangers.
Still, chatting with strangers could brighten your morning. In a series of experiments, psychologists gave Chicago passengers different directions about whether to talk with fellow passengers — something they typically avoided. __2__ None of the chatters reported being rejected.
Small talk can also help us feel connected to our surroundings. People who smiled at, made eye contact with, and briefly spoke with their Starbucks baristas (咖啡师) reported a greater sense of belonging than those who rushed through the transaction (交易). __3__ One report found that when volunteers broke the silence to chat with gallery goers, the visitors felt happier and more connected to the exhibit than those who were not approached.
__4__ In one study, people who were rated “less curious” by researchers had trouble getting a conversation rolling on their own, and had greater luck building closeness with others when they were supplied with questions that encouraged personal disclosure (透露). But people who were considered “curious” needed no help when transforming conversations about ordinary things into personal exchanges. __5__
A．The same is true of gallery goers.
B．But don't play down small talk just yet.
C．They found that small talk is related with happiness.
D．Those told to chat with others reported a more pleasant journey.
E．Making small talk is an important skill for all the social situations.
F．A “curious mindset”， the author concluded, can lead to “positive social interactions”．
G．Of course, some people are better than others at turning small talk into something bigger.
Ⅲ.完形填空
Not so long ago, a terrible fire broke out in an apartment in the city of Pitesti, just west of Bucharest. In no time, __1__ were welcomed by 5 meter tall flames and roaring smoke. __2__， using their advanced equipment, they quickly brought the beast under __3__.
The apartment's owner Mr. Petri and his lovely dog, Sandy, were the __4__ of the big fire. Local firefighting hero, Costache Mugurel __5__ his way through the cruel flames to rescue the man and his pet. Mr. Petri, __6__ injured in the fire, was rushed to hospital. Sandy fell over __7__ breathing in too much smoke and lifelessly lay on the roadside.
Mugurel, remembering his CPR (心肺复苏术) training, passionately __8__ the chest of the dog, desperately trying to __9__ his life. And he began to lose hope after many __10__. He was physically and mentally __11__. Finally he performed mouth to mouth on the dog, screaming “__12__ gets left behind！” Unexpectedly the dog __13__ himself and began panting (喘气). The onlooking crowd cheered and Mugurel began to weep with __14__. He hurriedly carried him to the awaiting vet (兽医)．
Like __15__， the story of Mugurel and his newfound friend spread around the city. His Facebook was __16__ words of gratitude, loving emoticons (表情符号) and notes from friends and fans alike.
According to vet experts, recovering animals via CPR is rather __17__. The American Heart Association calculates that only less than 6 percent of cats and dogs survive if they __18__ heart attacks.
There have been many stories related to __19__ in Pitesti, but none have caught the __20__ of the population quite like Sandy's.
1．A.firefighters B．policemen
C．friends D．neighbors
2．A.Therefore B．Besides
C．However D．Moreover
3．A.treatment B．control
C．stress D．way
4．A.causes B．results
C．victims D．heroes
5．A.battled B．lost
C．pushed D．got
6．A.blindly B．hardly
C．slightly D．seriously
7．A.after B．before
C．in spite of D．in case of
8．A.patted B．beat
C．examined D．touched
9．A.care about B．take away
C．save D．stop
10．A.beatings B．trainings
C．shouts D．attempts
11．A.relaxed B．exhausted
C．concerned D．troubled
12．A.Somebody B．Everybody
C．Nobody D．Anybody
13．A.came up B．came over
C．came out D．came to
14．A.joy B．pity
C．stress D．fright
15．A.wildfire B．wind
C．disasters D．sounds
16．A.informed of B．linked with
C．reminded of D．flooded with
17．A.common B．rare
C．practical D．easy
18．A.cure B．avoid
C．miss D．suffer
19．A.fires B．vets
C．dogs D．accidents
20．A.attention B．meaning
C．breath D．heart
Ⅳ.语法填空
David will never forget what happened to him the day before yesterday. He __1__ (eat) something at home when he received a strange phone call from a hospital. The caller said his son __2__ (fall) to the ground unconscious on the way to school and __3__ it was he who took him to hospital. David hung up and rushed to his son's classroom, only __4__ (find) him listening to the teacher attentively. He suddenly realized that he __5__ (cheat), but he felt relieved. Just at that time the phone rang again, saying, “Your son is in great danger and he needs an immediate operation which costs 48,000 yuan. The doctors here say they will not operate on your son until they are paid.” When __6__ (ask) from where the caller had taken his son to hospital, the caller rang off. David gave a big smile and said, “What a pity it is！”
The cheater might have thought he could get money from David. If __7__， he was wrong. Such phone calls are common these days, and many of David's __8__ (colleague) have received similar calls recently. Therefore, all parents should be sensitive __9__ such tricks so as not to __10__ (cheat)．
Ⅴ.应用文写作
上周日，王林和他的朋友们在餐馆吃饭，这时其中一个朋友陈辉突然因食物噎住而感到窒息。请你根据以下要点提示用英语写一篇短文来描述此事件，并发表你的看法。
1．王林懂得一些急救知识，他让陈辉保持冷静，同时让李强打电话叫救护车；
2．他用力拍陈辉的背部，很快陈辉吐出一块未嚼碎的土豆；
3．医生表扬了王林，并对他的行为给予了高度评价。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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Unit 5 单元加餐练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Sunstroke is a condition that can quickly go from dangerous to deadly, especially if proper care isn't given immediately.
Sunstroke, sometimes called heatstroke, is a result of the body temperature rising above the safe limit. This causes the body's necessary functions to stop working.
It's usually pretty easy to avoid sunstroke, as long as proper action is taken. In that case, you need to act as quickly as possible to return that person's body to a safe temperature. Here are a few tips to help treat sunstroke.
Call for help
Call to get an ambulance as quickly as possible. This should be the first thing you do, especially if the sunstroke person has fainted (昏倒). Also, call for help from anyone nearby if you're in a public place. If there's no one around, call someone nearby if they can get there sooner than an ambulance. Ask everyone to bring you as much water as possible, if there isn't much nearby.
Get the person to a cooler area
If there's a building nearby, aim for that. Anywhere with plenty of air conditioners and water is perfect. If a building isn't available, bring the person to a well shaded area.
Get the water flowing
If the person is still conscious, get him or her to drink water. If there's a bathtub available, fill it with cool water and put the person in it.
If your water supply is limited, you have to save it. Dampen a towel or shirt and put it on the person's body. Focus on the face, neck, and chest.
Fan the person
Getting moving air over the person cools him or her down. Use anything, a towel or sheet, a shirt, your hands, or a piece of board. This is where having many people around really helps, as they can combine to fan the entire body.
1．When does a person get sunstroke
A．When the body doesn't function.
B．When proper care is given immediately.
C．When someone is exposed to the sun too long.
D．When the body temperature goes up beyond what one can bear.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句可知，当人体的体温超过所能承受的安全极限时，就会中暑，即D项正确。
2．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text
A．Call for assistance from others.
B．Leave the sunstroke person in the shade.
C．Put a wet towel on the person's face.
D．Help the person take some medicine.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据Call for help下的“call for help from anyone”可知A项提到；根据Get the person to a cooler area中的第三句可知B项提到；根据Get the water flowing中的第二段的第二、三句可知C项提到；D项在文章中没有提到。
3．What is mainly discussed in the passage
A．The first aid for sunstroke.
B．The causes of sunstroke.
C．The chief symptoms of sunstroke.
D．The essential prevention of sunstroke.
解析：选A 主旨大意题。文章首先介绍了何为中暑以及中暑的危害，结合第三段的最后一句“Here are a few tips to help treat sunstroke.”可知，下文讲述的是中暑时需要采取的急救措施，即A项正确。
4．The text probably comes from a(n) ________.
A．guidebook B．book review
C．medical magazine D．official document
解析：选C 文章出处题。文章主要介绍了中暑以及中暑后如何急救的相关知识，故有可能选自一本医学杂志，即C项正确。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Do People Need Small Talk to Be Happy
Psychologists (心理学家) have long said that connecting with others is an important part of happiness, but just how much conversation we require is under examination. In one study, researchers found that small talk made up only 10% of their conversation related with happiness. __1__ Scientists believe that small talk could promote bonding. Late last year, Princeton researchers reported that small talk keeps closeness with loved ones, and isn't merely the stuff of awkward exchanges with strangers.
Still, chatting with strangers could brighten your morning. In a series of experiments, psychologists gave Chicago passengers different directions about whether to talk with fellow passengers — something they typically avoided. __2__ None of the chatters reported being rejected.
Small talk can also help us feel connected to our surroundings. People who smiled at, made eye contact with, and briefly spoke with their Starbucks baristas (咖啡师) reported a greater sense of belonging than those who rushed through the transaction (交易). __3__ One report found that when volunteers broke the silence to chat with gallery goers, the visitors felt happier and more connected to the exhibit than those who were not approached.
__4__ In one study, people who were rated “less curious” by researchers had trouble getting a conversation rolling on their own, and had greater luck building closeness with others when they were supplied with questions that encouraged personal disclosure (透露). But people who were considered “curious” needed no help when transforming conversations about ordinary things into personal exchanges. __5__
A．The same is true of gallery goers.
B．But don't play down small talk just yet.
C．They found that small talk is related with happiness.
D．Those told to chat with others reported a more pleasant journey.
E．Making small talk is an important skill for all the social situations.
F．A “curious mindset”， the author concluded, can lead to “positive social interactions”．
G．Of course, some people are better than others at turning small talk into something bigger.
语篇解读：闲谈能够促进人与人之间的关系，使人变得快乐。
1．选B 设空前一句提到闲谈只占与快乐相关的对话的10%，设空后一句又提到科学家认为闲谈可以促进人与人之间的关系，设空处应说明要重视闲谈，故B项(但不能贬低闲谈)符合语境。
2．选D 根据设空前一句可知，心理学家在芝加哥的乘客中做了一项实验，故此空应描述实验结果，故D项(那些被告知要和其他人闲聊的乘客觉得旅途更愉快)符合语境。
3．选A 根据下文中的“gallery goers”定位至A项(这种情况也同样出现在常去画廊的人身上)，分析设空前和设空后的两个例子可知，两者均是为了证明闲谈能帮助人们与周围环境产生联系。故选A项。
4．选G 根据下文中的“less curious”和“curious”可知，本段存在比较关系，G项中的better than与之相呼应。故选G项。
5．选F 根据设空前一句可知，被认为带着“好奇心”的人在把普通对话转变成个人交流时并不需要外在帮助，故F项(作者得出结论：带着好奇心往往会引起积极的社交互动)符合语境，该项中的curious及interactions与本段中的curious及closeness相照应。
Ⅲ.完形填空
Not so long ago, a terrible fire broke out in an apartment in the city of Pitesti, just west of Bucharest. In no time, __1__ were welcomed by 5 meter tall flames and roaring smoke. __2__， using their advanced equipment, they quickly brought the beast under __3__.
The apartment's owner Mr. Petri and his lovely dog, Sandy, were the __4__ of the big fire. Local firefighting hero, Costache Mugurel __5__ his way through the cruel flames to rescue the man and his pet. Mr. Petri, __6__ injured in the fire, was rushed to hospital. Sandy fell over __7__ breathing in too much smoke and lifelessly lay on the roadside.
Mugurel, remembering his CPR (心肺复苏术) training, passionately __8__ the chest of the dog, desperately trying to __9__ his life. And he began to lose hope after many __10__. He was physically and mentally __11__. Finally he performed mouth to mouth on the dog, screaming “__12__ gets left behind！” Unexpectedly the dog __13__ himself and began panting (喘气). The onlooking crowd cheered and Mugurel began to weep with __14__. He hurriedly carried him to the awaiting vet (兽医)．
Like __15__， the story of Mugurel and his newfound friend spread around the city. His Facebook was __16__ words of gratitude, loving emoticons (表情符号) and notes from friends and fans alike.
According to vet experts, recovering animals via CPR is rather __17__. The American Heart Association calculates that only less than 6 percent of cats and dogs survive if they __18__ heart attacks.
There have been many stories related to __19__ in Pitesti, but none have caught the __20__ of the population quite like Sandy's.
语篇解读：皮特什蒂发生了一次大火灾，在这次火灾中房主和他的宠物狗桑迪受了伤，消防员穆古雷尔对昏迷的桑迪进行了心脏按压、人工呼吸，最终把它从死亡的边缘救回。这件事情感动了无数人。
1．A.firefighters B．policemen
C．friends D．neighbors
解析：选A 根据下文的“using their advanced equipment, they quickly brought the beast under ________”可知，他们利用先进的设备很快把火势控制住了。由此可知，此处指消防员(firefighters)，故选A项。policeman意为“警察”；friend意为“朋友”；neighbor意为“邻居”。
2．A.Therefore B．Besides
C．However D．Moreover
解析：选C 上文提到消防员立刻被5米高的大火和浓烟包围，而设空后则说利用先进设备控制了火势，由此可知，上下文是转折关系。therefore意为“因此”；besides意为“此外；而且”；however意为“然而”；moreover意为“此外”。故选C项。
3．A.treatment B．control
C．stress D．way
解析：选B 此处指消防员利用先进的设备将火势控制住了。under control是固定搭配，意为“得到控制”，符合语境。故选B项。
4．A.causes B．results
C．victims D．heroes
解析：选C 根据下文的“injured in the fire”可知，房主在大火中受了重伤，故他和他的宠物狗是这场大火的受害者(victims)。故选C项。cause意为“原因；理由”；result意为“结果”；hero意为“英雄”。
5．A.battled B．lost
C．pushed D．got
解析：选A 根据设空后的“cruel flames”可知，火势凶猛，因此消防员是冒着极大的风险冲进火海的。battle one's way意为“一路奋战”；lose one's way意为“迷路”；push one's way意为“挤过去”；get one's way意为“为所欲为”。故选A项。
6．A.blindly B．hardly
C．slightly D．seriously
解析：选D 根据设空后的“was rushed to hospital”以及他的宠物狗躺在路边没有了生命迹象可以推测，男主人受伤严重(seriously)。故选D项。blindly意为“盲目地”；hardly意为“几乎不”；slightly意为“轻微地”；seriously意为“严重地”。
7．A.after B．before
C．in spite of D．in case of
解析：选A “fell over”发生在“breathing in too much smoke”之后，即吸入了太多的浓烟之后倒地。after意为“在……之后”，符合语境。故选A项。before意为“在……之前”；in spite of意为“尽管”；in case of意为“万一”。
8．A.patted B．beat
C．examined D．touched
解析：选B 根据“remembering his CPR (心肺复苏术) training”可知，他要给宠物狗做心脏复苏，因此要拍打(beat)它的胸部。故选B项。pat意为“轻拍”；examine意为“检查”；touch意为“接触；触摸”。
9．A.care about B．take away
C．save D．stop
解析：选C 根据下文中提到的消防员为了抢救宠物狗而对它进行人工呼吸可知，消防员迫切地要抢救宠物狗的生命。care about意为“关心”；take away意为“拿走”；save意为“挽救”；stop意为“停止”。故选C项。
10．A.beatings B．trainings
C．shouts D．attempts
解析：选D 根据上文他进行心脏复苏可知，消防员为救宠物狗进行了多次尝试(attempts)。故选D项。beating意为“痛打”；training意为“训练；培训”；shout意为“叫喊”。
11．A.relaxed B．exhausted
C．concerned D．troubled
解析：选B 多次尝试之后，他身心俱疲(exhausted)。relaxed意为“放松的”；exhausted意为“疲惫的”；concerned意为“关心的”；troubled意为“忧虑的；苦恼的”。故选B项。
12．A.Somebody B．Everybody
C．Nobody D．Anybody
解析：选C 消防员对宠物狗进行人工呼吸是因为不想放弃它的生命，因此他喊道：“一个都不能落下！”故选C项。
13．A.came up B．came over
C．came out D．came to
解析：选D 根据设空后的“began panting (喘气)”可知，宠物狗此时苏醒过来了。come up意为“走近；被提到；被想起”；come over意为“来访；拜访”；come out意为“泄露；发行”；come to oneself意为“(昏迷后)醒来；恢复知觉”。故选D项。
14．A.joy B．pity
C．stress D．fright
解析：选A 经过多次尝试，宠物狗终于醒过来了，人们欢呼雀跃，消防员应该是喜极而泣。故选A项。
15．A.wildfire B．wind
C．disasters D．sounds
解析：选A 消防员和宠物狗的故事很快传遍了全城，就像野火一样。wildfire意为“野火”；wind意为“风”；disaster意为“灾难”；sound意为“声音”。spread like wildfire为固定短语，因此，A项最符合语境。
16．A.informed of B．linked with
C．reminded of D．flooded with
解析：选D 根据设空后的“words of gratitude, loving emoticons (表情符号) and notes from friends and fans alike”可知，这件事传遍全城后，穆古雷尔的脸书网上满是感激的话语、可爱的表情符号和朋友及粉丝的留言。be informed of意为“通知”；be linked with意为“与……有关”；be reminded of意为“被提醒”；be flooded with意为“充满”。故选D项。
17．A.common B．rare
C．practical D．easy
解析：选B 根据兽医说的话，这只宠物狗能活下来应该是比较少见的(rare)，因为据统计只有不到6%的宠物狗或猫在患心脏病之后能活下来。故选B项。common意为“常见的”；practical意为“实际的”；easy意为“容易的”。
18．A.cure B．avoid
C．miss D．suffer
解析：选D 根据设空前的“survive”及空后的“heart attacks”可知，此处指患有心脏病。cure意为“治愈”；avoid 意为“避免”；miss意为“错过”；suffer意为“患(病)”。根据语境可知选D项。
19．A.fires B．vets
C．dogs D．accidents
解析：选C 与最后的“like Sandy's”相对应，此处指有很多关于宠物狗的故事，但是没有一个像桑迪的故事这样吸引公众的注意力。故选C项。fire意为“火焰”；vet意为“兽医”；accident意为“事故；意外”。
20．A.attention B．meaning
C．breath D．heart
解析：选A 上文提到了消防员和宠物狗的故事迅速传遍了全城，由此可知，这只宠物狗的故事成功吸引了公众的注意力。catch one's attention是固定搭配，意为“吸引某人的注意力”。故选A项。
Ⅳ.语法填空
David will never forget what happened to him the day before yesterday. He __1__ (eat) something at home when he received a strange phone call from a hospital. The caller said his son __2__ (fall) to the ground unconscious on the way to school and __3__ it was he who took him to hospital. David hung up and rushed to his son's classroom, only __4__ (find) him listening to the teacher attentively. He suddenly realized that he __5__ (cheat), but he felt relieved. Just at that time the phone rang again, saying, “Your son is in great danger and he needs an immediate operation which costs 48,000 yuan. The doctors here say they will not operate on your son until they are paid.” When __6__ (ask) from where the caller had taken his son to hospital, the caller rang off. David gave a big smile and said, “What a pity it is！”
The cheater might have thought he could get money from David. If __7__， he was wrong. Such phone calls are common these days, and many of David's __8__ (colleague) have received similar calls recently. Therefore, all parents should be sensitive __9__ such tricks so as not to __10__ (cheat)．
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。生活中存在一些骗子，他们通过打电话告诉一些父母他们 接电话的父母 的孩子急需钱做手术等来骗取钱财。本文最后提醒父母们不要上当受骗。
1.was eating 根据下文的“when he received ...”判断主句应用过去进行时，构成固定句式be doing ...when ...“正在做……这时……”。
2．had fallen 从句的动作fall发生在主句的谓语动作said之前，故应用过去完成时。
3．that 用that引导宾语从句，and连接并列的宾语从句，此时第二个从句的连接词that不能省略。
4．to find 用不定式作结果状语，表示结果出乎意料。
5．had been cheated 此处用过去完成时的被动语态，表示“被骗”发生在“意识到”之前。
6．asked the caller与ask之间为被动关系，故填过去分词。
7．so 根据前后文可知，此处为句式if so“如果是这样”。
8．colleagues 由前面的many of可知此处需用名词复数形式。
9．to be sensitive to“对……敏感”，为固定搭配。
10．be cheated 该句主语是parents，应该是避免“被骗”，故填be cheated。
Ⅴ.应用文写作
上周日，王林和他的朋友们在餐馆吃饭，这时其中一个朋友陈辉突然因食物噎住而感到窒息。请你根据以下要点提示用英语写一篇短文来描述此事件，并发表你的看法。
1．王林懂得一些急救知识，他让陈辉保持冷静，同时让李强打电话叫救护车；
2．他用力拍陈辉的背部，很快陈辉吐出一块未嚼碎的土豆；
3．医生表扬了王林，并对他的行为给予了高度评价。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
Last Sunday, Wang Lin and his friends were eating food in a restaurant. Suddenly, Chen Hui was unable to breathe because he choked on some food. Luckily, Wang Lin knew some knowledge of first aid. He asked Chen Hui to keep calm. Meanwhile, he asked Li Qiang to call an ambulance. He slapped Chen Hui hard on the back. Soon Chen Hui threw up a piece of potato which was not chewed up thoroughly. The doctor praised Wang Lin and thought highly of his performance.
Everyone should learn some knowledge of first aid like Wang Lin, because it may save one's life in an emergency.
