人教版（2019）必修三Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations Period 3 Reading for Writing课后练（有答案）
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Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations Period 3 Reading for Writing
1. 语境填词
1．He made shot after shot, and the audience couldn’t stop ________(鼓掌).
2．（2022·江西·南昌二中高一开学考试）Festivals are celebrated all around the world, and they have a wide range of ________ (起源).
3．（2022·甘肃·民勤县第一中学高二开学考试）The development of ________ (农业) is faster than ever before.
4．（2022·全国·高一课时练习）His remarks were ______(简洁的)and to the point.
5．（2021·全国·高一课时练习）All the local _______ (媒体) reported the event across the country.
6．______(装饰) the cake with berries and whipped cream.
7．As he looked down, he saw a human________(人影) moving like a dancer.
8．（2022·全国·高一课时练习）The headmaster had no time to go to the meeting, so I____________（代表）him. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
9．（2022·全国·高一课时练习）One of the _________ (重要的)moments in my life was when I conquered(克服) my fear and stood on the stage making a speech to hundreds of people.
10．（2022·山东济南·高一期中）It is known to all that the ________(源头) of the Yellow River lies in Western China.
11．（2022·全国·高一课时练习）We’ll________(集合) at the Students’ Club at 7:00 p. m. this Friday.
12．（2022·全国·高一）People eat zongzi and row dragon boats in memory of a famous ________（人物）whose name is Qu Yuan during the Dragon Boat Festival.
13．（2022·广西·南宁三中高一期末）I ________ (完全地) enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favorite part.
14．（2021·全国·高一课时练习）There are three _______ (教堂) in this town.
15．（2022·全国·高一课时练习）The ice was not thick enough to bear the weight of ______(前进) men.
II.单句语法填空
1．I’m writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information__________(concern) the way of learning English.
2．He couldn’t make himself_________(hear)above the noise of the traffic.
3．There has been a mixed reaction to these charity activities. ________all, they are collecting money from ordinary people.
4．When we got a call____________（say）she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke.
5．By far，there are many problems_________(remain) to be solved.
6．The fruit___________(look) fresh in his fruit stand sells well.
7．Mary looked at her face_____________ (reflect)in the lake.
8．Instead, one activist, dressed __________ a full-body monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers: “Thanks for not using real apes (猿)!”
9．As is well-known, a white pigeon__________(represent) peace.
10．Our school motto_________ (reflect) the importance we place on good manners, hard work and success.
11．The football team, ________ (consist) of 22 players and three coaches, was set up 3 years ago.
12．The child is still too young________(dress)himself.
13．Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went________ all.
14．She could see her face _______(reflect) in the water.
15．Please send my ________ (respect) to them when you write.
培优层级2——多维训练提能
I.阅读理解
There is more of a connection between food and culture than you may think. On an individual level, we grow up eating the food of our culture. It becomes a part of who we are. Many associate food from our childhood with warm feelings and good memories and it ties us to our families, holding a special and personal value for us. Food from our family often becomes the comfort food we seek as adults in times of frustration and stress.
On a large scale, traditional food is an important part of culture. It also operates as an expression of culture identity. Immigrants bring it wherever they go, and it is a symbol of pride for their culture and means of coping with homesickness.
Many immigrants open their own restaurants and serve traditional dishes. However, the food does not remain exactly the same. Some materials needed to make traditional dishes may not be readily available, so the taste and flavor can be different from what they would prepare in their home countries. Additionally, immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries. Therefore, they have to make small changes about the original dishes to cater to a wider range of customers. Those changes can create new flavors that still keep the cultural significance of the dishes.
We should embrace our heritage（传统）through our culture’s food but also become more informed about other cultures by trying their food. It is important to remember that each dish has a special place in the culture to which it belongs, and is special to those who prepare it. Food is a window into culture, and it should be treated as such.
1．What’s the function of food mentioned in the article
A．To help motivate homesickness. B．To show national identity.
C．To reflect a country’s history. D．To show a community’s superiority.
2．What does the underlined “it”in Paragraph2 refer to
A．The specific traditional food. B．The national culture.
C．A traditional expression of food. D．The old-fashioned taste.
3．Why do some immigrants have to change the original dishes in their restaurant
A．To attach cultural importance to their dishes.
B．To announce the beginning of their life on foreign soil.
C．To make the dishes popular among customers.
D．To present their own food culture in a new way.
4．What’s the author’s attitude towards different food cultures
A．Negative. B．Balanced.
C．Unfair. D．Unchangeable.
II. 七选五
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2022·全国·高二专题练习）In the United States and Britain, 70th wedding anniversaries are known as “platinum anniversaries (铂金婚)”. ____5____ For example, celebrating the first year of marriage is known as a “paper anniversary”. Fifty years of marriage marks a “gold anniversary”. And the term “diamond anniversary” is used to describe a marriage that has lasted for 60 years.
____6___ In the US, people give gifts to couples when they reach certain years of their marriage. The first year anniversary is marked by giving the couple a clock. ____7____ And they can get musical instruments when they reach their 24th anniversary.
____8____ In Canada, couples can receive a message from the country’s governor-general (总督) on their 50th anniversary, and on every fifth anniversary after that. In the US, the president himself will send a greeting to couples that reach their 50th anniversary,and for every anniversary after that.
____9____ Or perhaps the truly cool thing is celebrating such a long life full of love and happiness with your special someone.
A．If two people reach their 10th anniversary, they can expect to receive diamond jewelry.
B．People in different countries have their own ways of celebrating wedding anniversaries.
C．The 25th wedding anniversary is popularly referred to as the “silver anniversary”
D．In Canada and the US, couples can even receive special congratulations from world leaders on certain anniversaries.
E．People often celebrate their wedding anniversary by having dinner at an expensive restaurant.
F．In fact, there are many different terms that are used to describe different marriage lengths.
G．How cool would it be to get a letter from the president
Ⅲ.语法填空
Known as China's national opera, Beijing Opera, also 1 (call) Peking Opera, which originated in the late 18th century, is a 2 (combine) of music, dance, art and acrobatics (杂技). It is the most influential and representative of all operas in China. It is called Beijing Opera 3 it is formed in Beijing. Beijing Opera has 4 history of 200 years and its origin can date back to old local operas, especially Anhui opera, 5 was very popular in northern China in the 18th century. In 1790, the first Anhui opera performance 6 (hold) in Beijing to celebrate the Emperor's birthday.
Later, some other Anhui opera troupes (班子) 7 (continue) performing in Beijing. Anhui opera was easy 8 (move) and good at absorbing the acting styles of other types of operas. Beijing accumulated many local operas, making Anhui opera improve quickly.
9 the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, after the marriage for 10 years, Beijing Opera finally formed, and became 10 (big) of all operas in China.
培优层级3——真题拔高滚动训练
I 、完形填空
（2022·甘肃张掖·高一期末）People from different cultures sometimes do things that make each other uncomfortable, without meaning to or sometimes without even realizing it. Most Americans ____1____ never been out of the country and have very little ____2____ that with foreigners. But they are usually spontaneously to get children to help, friendly and open, and ____3____ meeting new people, having guests and ____4____ people together formally (正式地) or informally.
They tend to use first names in most ____5____ and speak freely about themselves. ____6____ if your American hosts do something that makes you ____7____ , try to let them know how you feel. Most people will ____8____ your honesty and try not to make you uncomfortable again. And you’ll learn something about another culture!
Many travelers find it ____9____ to meet people in the U.S. than in other countries. They may just ____10____ and introduce themselves or even invite you over before they really know you. Sometimes Americans are said to be ____11____ friendly. Perhaps it seems so, but they are probably just ____12____ a good time. Just like anywhere else, it takes ____13____ to become real friends with people in the U.S. If and when you stay with American friends, they will probably enjoy ____14____ you to their friends and family, and if they seem eager to know you, it is probably ____15____ they are. Relax and enjoy it!
1．A．has B．have C．had D．having
2．A．trouble B．patience C．knowledge D．experience
3．A．enjoy B．avoid C．dislike D．mind
4．A．receiving B．putting C．mixing D．bringing
5．A．situation B．conditions C．surrounding D．aspects
6．A．And B．However C．So D．But
7．A．unfortunate B．uncomfortable C．pleasant D．comfortable
8．A．believe B．praise C．appreciate D．support
9．A．easier B．happier C．simpler D．harder
10．A．come to B．come around C．come on D．come up
11．A．naturally B．pretended C．heartily D．extremely
12．A．killing B．wasting C．having D．taking
13．A．time B．money C．ability D．chance
14．A．inviting B．leading C．devoting D．introducing
15．A．so B．because C．therefore D．Thus
II.读后续写
（2020·全国·高一单元测试）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
I went up to the roof for a break after studying for an hour and watched the 50 or so people swimming in the natural rock pool below our house. It was a sunny day-a blue, cloudless sky over a calm sea. But then, as I looked in the distance, I discovered a series of three or four big waves heading towards the shore. I'd seen these mini- tsunamis(海啸) many times before. They were heading at speed in the direction of the pool. Most people knew how to look out for them, but from the screams that started coming from the beach, I could tell someone was in trouble.
Without thinking, I ran down into the street, holding my body board(俯伏冲浪板) on the way and shouted at a stranger to go inside my house and call the coastguard. My neighbor Moises had heard the screaming as well and was also outside with his body board, so together we rushed to the steps that led down to the sea.
Once we got closer, we discovered the waves had pulled a boy and a girl from the pool and into the open sea. I knew that the nearest boat would take at least 30 minutes to reach us. Waiting for help wasn't a choice. I wasn't used to this sort of emergency- I’d never been trained as a lifeguard-but I didn't think twice about trying to save them. I supposed in a way I wanted to impress everyone: at 19, a deal like that can seem like a good opportunity to show off.
Moises and I dived into the water and it took us 10 minutes to get to them. When we finally reached them, they were almost lifeless with only their heads coming in and out of the water. We could tell they were still alive from their small breaths but it was clear they wouldn't have been able to stay there much longer. I hold the boy and pulled him over my board. Moises moved the girl on to his board. We discussed pushing them back to the shore, but we were too far out.
We had to wait,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That night, word came from the hospital that the two people were in good condition.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
注意：
1.所续写的短文词数应为150左右；
2.至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
参考答案
1. 语境填词
1．clapping##lapping
【详解】考查动词。句意：他接连着进球，观众们禁不住鼓掌。根据汉语提示“鼓掌”，可知应填动词clap，且上文为短语 couldn’t stop doing sth.。故填clapping。
2．origins
【详解】考查名词。句意：节日在世界各地都有庆祝活动，而且起源广泛。a range of一套； 一系列，后接可数名词的复数形式。结合汉语提示及句意，故填origins。
3．agriculture
【详解】考查名词。句意：农业的发展比以往任何时候都快。“农业”是agriculture，是不可数名词，故填agriculture。
4．brief
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他的评论简短而中肯。were后接形容词brief作表语。故填brief。
5．media
【详解】考查名词。句意：全国各地的媒体都报道了这一事件。根据句中all可知，用名词的复数形式。根据汉语提示及句意，故填media。
6．Decorate
【详解】考查动词。句意：用浆果和鲜奶油装饰蛋糕。decorate with以……来装饰，句子为祈使句，所以用动词原形。根据汉语提示及句意，故填Decorate。
7．figure
【详解】考查名词。句意：当他往下看时，他看到了一个像舞者一样移动的人形。根据汉语提示“人影”可知应填名词figure，作宾语，不定冠词提示用单数。故填figure。
8．represented
【详解】考查动词。句意：校长没有时间去开会，所以我代表他。分析句子，设空处应该使用谓语动词，句中表示的是过去发生的动作，故事用一般过去时。根据汉语提示，表示“代表”应该用represent，故答案为represented。
9．most significant##most important## most vital
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我一生中最重要的时刻之一就是我克服了恐惧，站在舞台上对数百人发表演讲。one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数，意为“最……之一”，根据汉语提示，important；significant；vital都为形容词意为“重要的”，其最高级是the most important；the most significant；the most vital。故填most significant或者most important或者most vital 。
10．origin
【详解】考查名词。句意：众所周知，黄河的源头在中国西部。分析句意和中文提示可知，此处填名词origin“源头”，在句中作主语从句的主语。故填origin。
11．gather
【详解】考查动词。句意：这个星期五晚上七点我们将在学生俱乐部集合。根据汉语提示“集合”为动词gather，结合We'll可知为动词原形。故填gather。
12．figure
【详解】考查名词。句意：在端午节，人们吃粽子、划龙舟来纪念一位名叫屈原的著名人物。形容词famous后接名词形式。根据不定冠词a可知，用名词的单数形式。结合汉语提示及句意，故填figure。
13．absolutely / completely / entirely / totally
【详解】考查副词。句意：我也完全地喜欢射箭，但赛马是我最喜欢的部分。根据汉语提示，“完全地”表达为副词absolutely或completely或entirely或totally，作状语。故填absolutely / completely / entirely / totally。
14．churches
【详解】考查名词。句意：在这个镇有三座教堂。分析句子结构，该空作句子主语，用名词，数词three后面用复数名词，结合汉语，故填churches。
15．marching
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：冰不够厚，无法承受行军士兵的重量。逻辑主语men和非谓语动词march是主动关系，表正在进行，march用现在分词作定语，修饰名词men。故填marching。
II.单句语法填空
1．concerning
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我写这封信是想看看你是否可以为我提供有关学习英语方式的信息。分析句子可知，句中有系动词“is”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“concern”意为“与……有关”，动词词性，“information”和“concern”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用“concern”的现在分词“concerning”，作后置定语。故填concerning。
2．heard
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：车辆嘈杂声中，别人听不见他。分析句子可知，句中用固定搭配make sb done ，意为“使某人被……”，宾语与补足语之间为被动关系。故填heard。
3．After
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：人们对这些慈善活动褒贬不一。毕竟，他们是在向普通人募集资金。根据句意和空格后的all可知，该题是考查固定短语after all（毕竟）。故填After。
4．saying
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：当我们接到电话说她入围了，我们以为是个玩笑。本句已有主语，say用非谓语，call与say之间是主动关系，用say的现在分词形式表主动，作后置定语，故填saying。
5．remaining
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：到目前为止，还有许多问题有待解决。句子谓语为are，故设空处为非谓语形式，problems与remain为主谓关系，应用现在分词，短语remaining to be solved作many problems的后置定语。故填remaining.
6．looking
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他的水果摊上看起来新鲜的水果卖得好。分析句子结构可知，sells为句子中的谓语，故动词look为非谓语，且用来作定语修饰The fruit。look当系动词“看起来”讲时，无被动形式。故答案为looking。
7．reflected
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：玛丽看着她映在湖面上的脸。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词作定语，和被修饰的名词face之间为被动关系。所以需要过去分词。故填reflected。
8．up
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：相反，一名身穿全身猴子装的活动人士来到现场，手里拿着一块牌子，赞扬电影制片人：“感谢你们没有使用真正的猿猴。”根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是动词短语dress up“打扮，装扮”。故填up。
9．represents
【详解】考查时态。句意：众所周知，白鸽代表和平。陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。a white pigeon为单数，作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数，设空处应用represents，作谓语。故填represents。
10．reflects
【详解】考查时态。句意：我们的校训反映了我们对礼貌、勤奋和成功的重视。根据定语从句中的谓语动词place可知，句子的时态应为一般现在时，句子主语Our school motto为单数名词，所以谓语动词用一般现在时第三人称单数。故填reflects。
11．consisting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这支足球队成立于3年前，由22名球员和3名教练组成。分析可知，此处为非谓语，动词短语consist of“由……组成”和football team之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作后置定语。故填consisting。
12．to dress
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：这孩子还太小，不能自己穿衣服。too…to…句式的结构形式为“too+形容词或副词+to+动词原形”，通常翻译为“太……而不能……”。故此处应用动词不定式结构。故填to dress。
13．after
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：鲍勃以为他不能去参加晚会，因为他要写一份报告，但他毕竟还是去了。固定短语：after all“毕竟，终究”。故答案为after。
14．reflected
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她可以看见映在水中的自己的脸。reflect与her face是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作宾语补足语。故填reflected。
15．respects
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：写信时请代我向他们致意。根据所给句子可知，此处需要使用名词作send的宾语，“respect”意为“敬意，致敬”常用复数形式，故填respects。
培优层级2——多维训练提能
I.阅读理解
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B
【分析】本文为议论文。作者从食物与文化的关系的角度表达了自己的看法，作者认为传统食物是文化的重要组成部分，它也是一种文化身份的表达，食物是了解文化的窗口。
1．细节理解题。根据第2段It also operates as an expression of culture identity. Immigrants bring it wherever they go, and it is a symbol of pride for their culture and means of coping with homesickness. 可知文中提到食物是一种文化身份的表达，故选B。
2．词义猜测题。根据上一句中It also operates as an expression of culture identity.可知，此句中it代指“民族文化”，句意为：移民们把它带到任何地方，它是他们的文化自豪感的象征，也是应对思乡之情的手段。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据Additionally, immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries. 可知，一些移民不得不改变他们餐馆原有的菜肴是为了迎合不同的顾客。故选C。
4．作者态度题。根据最后一段We should embrace our heritage（传统）through our culture’s food but also become more informed about other cultures by trying their food. 可知，我们应该通过我们的文化食物来接受我们的文化遗产，但也应该通过品尝其他文化的食物来了解其他文化，故选B。
II.七选五
5．F 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。不同的文化背景下，庆祝结婚纪念日的方式也有所不同。文章介绍了美国、加拿大人是如何庆祝他们不同阶段的结婚纪念日的。
5．根据上文“In the United States and Britain, 70th wedding anniversaries are known as “platinum anniversaries (铂金婚)”.(在美国和英国，70周年结婚纪念日被称为“铂金婚”)”及下文“For example, celebrating the first year of marriage is known as a “paper anniversary”. Fifty years of marriage marks a “gold anniversary”. And the term “diamond anniversary” is used to describe a marriage that has lasted for 60 years.(例如，庆祝结婚的第一年被称为“纸婚纪念日”。 结婚五十年标志着一个“黄金周年”。 而“钻石纪念日”一词则用来形容一段持续了60年的婚姻)”可知，除了“铂金婚”还有其他结婚纪念日的术语。由此可知，F. In fact, there are many different terms that are used to describe different marriage lengths.(事实上，有很多不同的术语用来描述不同的婚姻长度)能够承上启下，符合此处语境。故选F。
6．根据下文“In the US, people give gifts to couples when they reach certain years of their marriage.(在美国，人们会在夫妻步入婚姻的某一阶段时给他们送礼物)”及“In Canada, couples can receive a message from the country’s governor-general (总督) on their 50th anniversary, and on every fifth anniversary after that. In the US, the president himself will send a greeting to couples that reach their 50th anniversary, and for every anniversary after that.(在加拿大，夫妻可以在结婚 50 周年时收到该国总督的信息，之后的每五周年都如此。 在美国，总统本人会向结婚 50 周年的夫妇致以问候，并且包括之后的每个周年纪念日)”可知，此处介绍的是不同国家的人如何庆祝他们的结婚纪念日。由此可知，B. People in different countries have their own ways of celebrating wedding anniversaries.(不同国家的人有不同的庆祝结婚纪念日的方式)能够顺承下文，符合此处语境，且B选项中的“different countries”与下文的the US和Canada相对应。故选B。
7．根据上文“The first year anniversary is marked by giving the couple a clock.(一周年纪念日的标志是送给这对夫妇一个时钟)”及下文“And they can get musical instruments when they reach their 24th anniversary.(当他们达到24周年时，他们可以得到乐器)”可知，在不同的结婚纪念日人们会送不同的礼物。由此可知，A. If two people reach their 10th anniversary, they can expect to receive diamond jewelry.(如果两个人结婚满10周年，他们可以收到钻石首饰)符合此处语境，介绍的是结婚10周年时人们送什么礼物。故选A。
8．根据下文“In Canada, couples can receive a message from the country’s governor-general (总督) on their 50th anniversary, and on every fifth anniversary after that. In the US, the president himself will send a greeting to couples that reach their 50th anniversary, and for every anniversary after that.(在加拿大，夫妻可以在结婚 50 周年时收到该国总督的信息，之后的每五周年都如此。在美国，总统本人会向结婚 50 周年的夫妇致以问候，并且包括之后的每个周年纪念日)”可知，在加拿大和美国在结婚纪念日时，人们会收到领导人的祝贺。由此可知，D. In Canada and the US, couples can even receive special congratulations from world leaders on certain anniversaries.(在加拿大和美国，情侣们甚至可以在某些纪念日收到来自领导人的特别祝贺)符合此处语境。故选D。
9．根据上文“In Canada, couples can receive a message from the country’s governor-general (总督) on their 50th anniversary, and on every fifth anniversary after that. In the US, the president himself will send a greeting to couples that reach their 50th anniversary, and for every anniversary after that.(在加拿大，夫妻可以在结婚 50 周年时收到该国总督的信息，之后的每五周年都如此。在美国，总统本人会向结婚 50 周年的夫妇致以问候，并且包括之后的每个周年纪念日)”可知，在加拿大和美国在结婚纪念日时，人们会收到领导人的祝贺。再根据下文“Or perhaps the truly cool thing is celebrating such a long life full of love and happiness with your special someone.(或者，也许真正酷的事情是与你的另一半庆祝充满爱和幸福的一生)”可知，相比收到国家领导人的祝贺，也许真正酷的事情是与你的另一半庆祝充满爱和幸福的一生。由此可知，G. How cool would it be to get a letter from the president (收到总统的信会有多酷？)能够承上启下，符合此处语境。故选G。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了京剧的起源和形成过程：京剧起源于200多年前的徽剧，融合了各地方剧种的表演形式，最终在北京形成并发展成为全国最大的剧种。
III.语法填空
1．called 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词call和其逻辑主语Beijing Opera之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填called。
2．combination 考查词性转换。根据空前的冠词a以及空后的介词of可知，空处应用名词，此处表示“京剧是音乐、舞蹈、艺术和杂技的结合”，故填combination。
3．because/as/since 考查状语从句。句意：它被称为京剧，因为它是在北京形成的。根据句意可知，空处应填连词，故填because/as/since。
4．a 考查冠词。根据语境可知，京剧有200年的历史。history作“发展史”讲时可作单数，且其发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
5．which 考查定语从句。句意：京剧有200年的历史，它的起源可以追溯到古老的地方剧种，尤其是徽剧，该剧种在18世纪的中国北方很流行。分析该句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，指代上文的“Anhui opera”，故填which。
6．was held 考查动词的时态和语态。根据句中的时间状语“In 1790”可知，该句陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时；且该句主语“the first Anhui opera performance”和谓语动词hold之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，故填was held。
7．continued 考查动词的时态。句意：此后，一些其他的徽剧班子继续在北京表演。根据该句中的Later并结合语境可知，该句陈述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填continued。
8．to move 考查非谓语动词。be easy to do sth意为“很容易做某事”，为固定用法，故填to move。
9．At 考查固定搭配。句意：19世纪末20世纪初，在和地方剧结合了十年以后，京剧最终形成，并成为中国最大的剧种。at the end of“在……末尾”和at the beginning of“在……的开端”为固定搭配，故填At。
10．the biggest 考查形容词的最高级。句意参见上题解析。根据该句中的“of all operas”并结合语境可知，该处应用形容词的最高级形式，故填the biggest。
培优层级3——真题拔高滚动训练
I.完形填空
1．B 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．D 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了美国人友好而开放，喜欢认识新朋友，邀请客人，把人们正式或非正式地聚在一起。介绍了一些美国人结识朋友的特点。
1．考查时态辨析。句意：大多数美国人从未出过国，很少有和外国人打交道的经验。根据句意可知，此处为现在完成时，主语为Most Americans，助动词用have。故选B。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：大多数美国人从未出过国，很少有和外国人打交道的经验。A. trouble麻烦；B. patience耐心；C. knowledge知识；D. experience经验。根据上文“never been out of the country and have very little”可知，大多数美国人从未出过国，很少有和外国人打交道的经验。故选D。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他们通常会自发地让孩子们帮忙，友好而开放，喜欢认识新朋友，邀请客人，把人们正式或非正式地聚在一起。A. enjoy欣赏，喜欢；B. avoid避免；C. dislike不喜欢；D. mind介意。根据上文“friendly and open”可知他们友好开放，所以喜欢认识新朋友。故选A。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他们通常会自发地让孩子们帮忙，友好而开放，喜欢认识新朋友，邀请客人，把人们正式或非正式地聚在一起。A. receiving收到；B. putting放置；C. mixing混合；D. bringing带来。根据后文“people together formally or informally”指和人们聚在一起，应用bring together。故选D。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在大多数情况下，他们倾向于直呼其名，并自由地谈论自己。A. situation情况；B. conditions条件；C. surrounding环境；D. aspects方面。根据上文“They tend to use first names in most”此处是在说明称呼他人的情况，在大多数情况下，他们倾向于直呼其名，故选A。
6．考查连词词义辨析。句意：所以，如果你的美国东道主做了一些让你不舒服的事情，试着让他们知道你的感受。A. And并且；B. However然而；C. So所以；D. But但是。结合前后文语境可知为因果关系，应用连词so。故选C。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，如果你的美国东道主做了一些让你不舒服的事情，试着让他们知道你的感受。A. unfortunate不幸的；B. uncomfortable不舒服的；C. pleasant惬意的；D. comfortable舒服的。根据后文“try not to make you uncomfortable again”可知是让你不舒服的事情。故选B。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数人会欣赏你的诚实，尽量不再让你不舒服。A. believe相信；B. praise赞美；C. appreciate欣赏；D. support支持。根据后文“your honesty and try not to make you uncomfortable again”指欣赏你的诚实，尽量不再让你不舒服。故选C。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多旅行者发现在美国比在其他国家更容易结识他人。A. easier更容易的；B. happier更快乐的；C. simpler更简单的；D. harder更努力的。根据后文“and introduce themselves or even invite you over before they really know you”可知在美国结识他人很容易。故选A。
10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们可能会走上前去介绍自己，甚至在真正了解你之前就邀请你过去。A. come to想起；B. come around苏醒；C. come on快点；D. come up走近。根据后文“and introduce themselves”指走上前介绍自己。故选D。
11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：有时美国人被认为是假装友好的。A. naturally自然地；B. pretended假装；C. heartily衷心地；D. extremely非常。根据下文“ Just like anywhere else, it takes ______ to become real friends with people in the U.S. ”可知，美国人有时被认为是假装友好。故选B。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许看起来是这样，但他们可能只是觉得这样做很开心。A. killing杀死；B. wasting浪费；C. having有；D. taking带走。根据后文“a good time”表示“玩得开心”短语为have a good time。故选C。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像其他地方一样，要想和美国人成为真正的朋友是需要时间的。A. time时间；B. money钱；C. ability能力；D. chance机会。根据上文“Just like anywhere else, it takes”以及后文“become real friends with people in the U.S.”可知，成为真正的朋友是需要时间的。故选A。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你和美国朋友待在一起，他们很可能把你介绍给他们的朋友和家人，如果他们看起来很想认识你，那可能是因为他们确实如此。A. inviting邀请；B. leading领导；C. devoting奉献；D. introducing介绍。根据后文“you to their friends and family”可知，美国朋友很可能把你介绍给他们的朋友和家人，故选D。
15．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：如果你和美国朋友待在一起，他们很可能把你介绍给他们的朋友和家人，如果他们看起来很想认识你，那可能是因为他们确实如此。A. so所以；B. because因为；C. therefore因此；D. thus因此。引导表语从句，表示“因为”应用because。故选B。
II.读后续写
We had to wait, eagerly hoping for the arrival of the saving boat. The wildly wind blew and the freezing sea water clapped our bodies continuously. 30 minutes seemed much longer as we just helplessly floated on the boundless sea. After a long time, a light spot appeared in the distance! We waved our hands and yelled out with the left energy. The boat finally reached us and took all of us back to the shore.
That night, word came from the hospital that the two people were in good condition. Picturing what the merry scene would be, relief lay in my heart and happiness etched on my face. The next morning, people all I met smiled to me and could not stop praising me. It seemed like a good opportunity to show off, but I didn't mean to. In fact, I was ashamed I had thought about it. It occurred to me that helping others was priceless and everyone should be a lifeguard.
【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。
【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，作者在一次海啸中，意外发现了有人遇到危险，于是和邻居一起前往救助。作者当时在某种程度上，是想给每个人留下深刻印象:19岁时，这似乎是一个很好的炫耀机会。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：我们必须等……，所以应该写等待的过程，要详细描述作者他们等待的心情和当时海面的变化，以及最终获救；第二段开头是：那天晚上，医院传来消息说，这两个人身体状况良好。本段应该写我对这次营救别人的心理变化和感悟。文章最后提到帮助别人是无价的，每个人都应该成为一名救生员。
续写时要求使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语增加了写作难度，我们要熟悉所给划线词语，恰当的时候加以运用。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右；续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。按要求完成写作任务。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：eagerly for，float on，etch on等高级词汇；Picturing what the merry scene would be, relief lay in my heart and happiness etched on my face.非谓语动词的运用，It seemed like a good opportunity to show off… it做形式主语的用法。
1. 语境填词
1．He made shot after shot, and the audience couldn’t stop ________(鼓掌).
2．（2022·江西·南昌二中高一开学考试）Festivals are celebrated all around the world, and they have a wide range of ________ (起源).
3．（2022·甘肃·民勤县第一中学高二开学考试）The development of ________ (农业) is faster than ever before.
4．（2022·全国·高一课时练习）His remarks were ______(简洁的)and to the point.
5．（2021·全国·高一课时练习）All the local _______ (媒体) reported the event across the country.
6．______(装饰) the cake with berries and whipped cream.
7．As he looked down, he saw a human________(人影) moving like a dancer.
8．（2022·全国·高一课时练习）The headmaster had no time to go to the meeting, so I____________（代表）him. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
9．（2022·全国·高一课时练习）One of the _________ (重要的)moments in my life was when I conquered(克服) my fear and stood on the stage making a speech to hundreds of people.
10．（2022·山东济南·高一期中）It is known to all that the ________(源头) of the Yellow River lies in Western China.
11．（2022·全国·高一课时练习）We’ll________(集合) at the Students’ Club at 7:00 p. m. this Friday.
12．（2022·全国·高一）People eat zongzi and row dragon boats in memory of a famous ________（人物）whose name is Qu Yuan during the Dragon Boat Festival.
13．（2022·广西·南宁三中高一期末）I ________ (完全地) enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favorite part.
14．（2021·全国·高一课时练习）There are three _______ (教堂) in this town.
15．（2022·全国·高一课时练习）The ice was not thick enough to bear the weight of ______(前进) men.
II.单句语法填空
1．I’m writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information__________(concern) the way of learning English.
2．He couldn’t make himself_________(hear)above the noise of the traffic.
3．There has been a mixed reaction to these charity activities. ________all, they are collecting money from ordinary people.
4．When we got a call____________（say）she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke.
5．By far，there are many problems_________(remain) to be solved.
6．The fruit___________(look) fresh in his fruit stand sells well.
7．Mary looked at her face_____________ (reflect)in the lake.
8．Instead, one activist, dressed __________ a full-body monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers: “Thanks for not using real apes (猿)!”
9．As is well-known, a white pigeon__________(represent) peace.
10．Our school motto_________ (reflect) the importance we place on good manners, hard work and success.
11．The football team, ________ (consist) of 22 players and three coaches, was set up 3 years ago.
12．The child is still too young________(dress)himself.
13．Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went________ all.
14．She could see her face _______(reflect) in the water.
15．Please send my ________ (respect) to them when you write.
培优层级2——多维训练提能
I.阅读理解
There is more of a connection between food and culture than you may think. On an individual level, we grow up eating the food of our culture. It becomes a part of who we are. Many associate food from our childhood with warm feelings and good memories and it ties us to our families, holding a special and personal value for us. Food from our family often becomes the comfort food we seek as adults in times of frustration and stress.
On a large scale, traditional food is an important part of culture. It also operates as an expression of culture identity. Immigrants bring it wherever they go, and it is a symbol of pride for their culture and means of coping with homesickness.
Many immigrants open their own restaurants and serve traditional dishes. However, the food does not remain exactly the same. Some materials needed to make traditional dishes may not be readily available, so the taste and flavor can be different from what they would prepare in their home countries. Additionally, immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries. Therefore, they have to make small changes about the original dishes to cater to a wider range of customers. Those changes can create new flavors that still keep the cultural significance of the dishes.
We should embrace our heritage（传统）through our culture’s food but also become more informed about other cultures by trying their food. It is important to remember that each dish has a special place in the culture to which it belongs, and is special to those who prepare it. Food is a window into culture, and it should be treated as such.
1．What’s the function of food mentioned in the article
A．To help motivate homesickness. B．To show national identity.
C．To reflect a country’s history. D．To show a community’s superiority.
2．What does the underlined “it”in Paragraph2 refer to
A．The specific traditional food. B．The national culture.
C．A traditional expression of food. D．The old-fashioned taste.
3．Why do some immigrants have to change the original dishes in their restaurant
A．To attach cultural importance to their dishes.
B．To announce the beginning of their life on foreign soil.
C．To make the dishes popular among customers.
D．To present their own food culture in a new way.
4．What’s the author’s attitude towards different food cultures
A．Negative. B．Balanced.
C．Unfair. D．Unchangeable.
II. 七选五
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2022·全国·高二专题练习）In the United States and Britain, 70th wedding anniversaries are known as “platinum anniversaries (铂金婚)”. ____5____ For example, celebrating the first year of marriage is known as a “paper anniversary”. Fifty years of marriage marks a “gold anniversary”. And the term “diamond anniversary” is used to describe a marriage that has lasted for 60 years.
____6___ In the US, people give gifts to couples when they reach certain years of their marriage. The first year anniversary is marked by giving the couple a clock. ____7____ And they can get musical instruments when they reach their 24th anniversary.
____8____ In Canada, couples can receive a message from the country’s governor-general (总督) on their 50th anniversary, and on every fifth anniversary after that. In the US, the president himself will send a greeting to couples that reach their 50th anniversary,and for every anniversary after that.
____9____ Or perhaps the truly cool thing is celebrating such a long life full of love and happiness with your special someone.
A．If two people reach their 10th anniversary, they can expect to receive diamond jewelry.
B．People in different countries have their own ways of celebrating wedding anniversaries.
C．The 25th wedding anniversary is popularly referred to as the “silver anniversary”
D．In Canada and the US, couples can even receive special congratulations from world leaders on certain anniversaries.
E．People often celebrate their wedding anniversary by having dinner at an expensive restaurant.
F．In fact, there are many different terms that are used to describe different marriage lengths.
G．How cool would it be to get a letter from the president
Ⅲ.语法填空
Known as China's national opera, Beijing Opera, also 1 (call) Peking Opera, which originated in the late 18th century, is a 2 (combine) of music, dance, art and acrobatics (杂技). It is the most influential and representative of all operas in China. It is called Beijing Opera 3 it is formed in Beijing. Beijing Opera has 4 history of 200 years and its origin can date back to old local operas, especially Anhui opera, 5 was very popular in northern China in the 18th century. In 1790, the first Anhui opera performance 6 (hold) in Beijing to celebrate the Emperor's birthday.
Later, some other Anhui opera troupes (班子) 7 (continue) performing in Beijing. Anhui opera was easy 8 (move) and good at absorbing the acting styles of other types of operas. Beijing accumulated many local operas, making Anhui opera improve quickly.
9 the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, after the marriage for 10 years, Beijing Opera finally formed, and became 10 (big) of all operas in China.
培优层级3——真题拔高滚动训练
I 、完形填空
（2022·甘肃张掖·高一期末）People from different cultures sometimes do things that make each other uncomfortable, without meaning to or sometimes without even realizing it. Most Americans ____1____ never been out of the country and have very little ____2____ that with foreigners. But they are usually spontaneously to get children to help, friendly and open, and ____3____ meeting new people, having guests and ____4____ people together formally (正式地) or informally.
They tend to use first names in most ____5____ and speak freely about themselves. ____6____ if your American hosts do something that makes you ____7____ , try to let them know how you feel. Most people will ____8____ your honesty and try not to make you uncomfortable again. And you’ll learn something about another culture!
Many travelers find it ____9____ to meet people in the U.S. than in other countries. They may just ____10____ and introduce themselves or even invite you over before they really know you. Sometimes Americans are said to be ____11____ friendly. Perhaps it seems so, but they are probably just ____12____ a good time. Just like anywhere else, it takes ____13____ to become real friends with people in the U.S. If and when you stay with American friends, they will probably enjoy ____14____ you to their friends and family, and if they seem eager to know you, it is probably ____15____ they are. Relax and enjoy it!
1．A．has B．have C．had D．having
2．A．trouble B．patience C．knowledge D．experience
3．A．enjoy B．avoid C．dislike D．mind
4．A．receiving B．putting C．mixing D．bringing
5．A．situation B．conditions C．surrounding D．aspects
6．A．And B．However C．So D．But
7．A．unfortunate B．uncomfortable C．pleasant D．comfortable
8．A．believe B．praise C．appreciate D．support
9．A．easier B．happier C．simpler D．harder
10．A．come to B．come around C．come on D．come up
11．A．naturally B．pretended C．heartily D．extremely
12．A．killing B．wasting C．having D．taking
13．A．time B．money C．ability D．chance
14．A．inviting B．leading C．devoting D．introducing
15．A．so B．because C．therefore D．Thus
II.读后续写
（2020·全国·高一单元测试）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
I went up to the roof for a break after studying for an hour and watched the 50 or so people swimming in the natural rock pool below our house. It was a sunny day-a blue, cloudless sky over a calm sea. But then, as I looked in the distance, I discovered a series of three or four big waves heading towards the shore. I'd seen these mini- tsunamis(海啸) many times before. They were heading at speed in the direction of the pool. Most people knew how to look out for them, but from the screams that started coming from the beach, I could tell someone was in trouble.
Without thinking, I ran down into the street, holding my body board(俯伏冲浪板) on the way and shouted at a stranger to go inside my house and call the coastguard. My neighbor Moises had heard the screaming as well and was also outside with his body board, so together we rushed to the steps that led down to the sea.
Once we got closer, we discovered the waves had pulled a boy and a girl from the pool and into the open sea. I knew that the nearest boat would take at least 30 minutes to reach us. Waiting for help wasn't a choice. I wasn't used to this sort of emergency- I’d never been trained as a lifeguard-but I didn't think twice about trying to save them. I supposed in a way I wanted to impress everyone: at 19, a deal like that can seem like a good opportunity to show off.
Moises and I dived into the water and it took us 10 minutes to get to them. When we finally reached them, they were almost lifeless with only their heads coming in and out of the water. We could tell they were still alive from their small breaths but it was clear they wouldn't have been able to stay there much longer. I hold the boy and pulled him over my board. Moises moved the girl on to his board. We discussed pushing them back to the shore, but we were too far out.
We had to wait,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That night, word came from the hospital that the two people were in good condition.
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注意：
1.所续写的短文词数应为150左右；
2.至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
参考答案
1. 语境填词
1．clapping##lapping
【详解】考查动词。句意：他接连着进球，观众们禁不住鼓掌。根据汉语提示“鼓掌”，可知应填动词clap，且上文为短语 couldn’t stop doing sth.。故填clapping。
2．origins
【详解】考查名词。句意：节日在世界各地都有庆祝活动，而且起源广泛。a range of一套； 一系列，后接可数名词的复数形式。结合汉语提示及句意，故填origins。
3．agriculture
【详解】考查名词。句意：农业的发展比以往任何时候都快。“农业”是agriculture，是不可数名词，故填agriculture。
4．brief
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他的评论简短而中肯。were后接形容词brief作表语。故填brief。
5．media
【详解】考查名词。句意：全国各地的媒体都报道了这一事件。根据句中all可知，用名词的复数形式。根据汉语提示及句意，故填media。
6．Decorate
【详解】考查动词。句意：用浆果和鲜奶油装饰蛋糕。decorate with以……来装饰，句子为祈使句，所以用动词原形。根据汉语提示及句意，故填Decorate。
7．figure
【详解】考查名词。句意：当他往下看时，他看到了一个像舞者一样移动的人形。根据汉语提示“人影”可知应填名词figure，作宾语，不定冠词提示用单数。故填figure。
8．represented
【详解】考查动词。句意：校长没有时间去开会，所以我代表他。分析句子，设空处应该使用谓语动词，句中表示的是过去发生的动作，故事用一般过去时。根据汉语提示，表示“代表”应该用represent，故答案为represented。
9．most significant##most important## most vital
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我一生中最重要的时刻之一就是我克服了恐惧，站在舞台上对数百人发表演讲。one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数，意为“最……之一”，根据汉语提示，important；significant；vital都为形容词意为“重要的”，其最高级是the most important；the most significant；the most vital。故填most significant或者most important或者most vital 。
10．origin
【详解】考查名词。句意：众所周知，黄河的源头在中国西部。分析句意和中文提示可知，此处填名词origin“源头”，在句中作主语从句的主语。故填origin。
11．gather
【详解】考查动词。句意：这个星期五晚上七点我们将在学生俱乐部集合。根据汉语提示“集合”为动词gather，结合We'll可知为动词原形。故填gather。
12．figure
【详解】考查名词。句意：在端午节，人们吃粽子、划龙舟来纪念一位名叫屈原的著名人物。形容词famous后接名词形式。根据不定冠词a可知，用名词的单数形式。结合汉语提示及句意，故填figure。
13．absolutely / completely / entirely / totally
【详解】考查副词。句意：我也完全地喜欢射箭，但赛马是我最喜欢的部分。根据汉语提示，“完全地”表达为副词absolutely或completely或entirely或totally，作状语。故填absolutely / completely / entirely / totally。
14．churches
【详解】考查名词。句意：在这个镇有三座教堂。分析句子结构，该空作句子主语，用名词，数词three后面用复数名词，结合汉语，故填churches。
15．marching
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：冰不够厚，无法承受行军士兵的重量。逻辑主语men和非谓语动词march是主动关系，表正在进行，march用现在分词作定语，修饰名词men。故填marching。
II.单句语法填空
1．concerning
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我写这封信是想看看你是否可以为我提供有关学习英语方式的信息。分析句子可知，句中有系动词“is”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“concern”意为“与……有关”，动词词性，“information”和“concern”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用“concern”的现在分词“concerning”，作后置定语。故填concerning。
2．heard
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：车辆嘈杂声中，别人听不见他。分析句子可知，句中用固定搭配make sb done ，意为“使某人被……”，宾语与补足语之间为被动关系。故填heard。
3．After
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：人们对这些慈善活动褒贬不一。毕竟，他们是在向普通人募集资金。根据句意和空格后的all可知，该题是考查固定短语after all（毕竟）。故填After。
4．saying
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：当我们接到电话说她入围了，我们以为是个玩笑。本句已有主语，say用非谓语，call与say之间是主动关系，用say的现在分词形式表主动，作后置定语，故填saying。
5．remaining
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：到目前为止，还有许多问题有待解决。句子谓语为are，故设空处为非谓语形式，problems与remain为主谓关系，应用现在分词，短语remaining to be solved作many problems的后置定语。故填remaining.
6．looking
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他的水果摊上看起来新鲜的水果卖得好。分析句子结构可知，sells为句子中的谓语，故动词look为非谓语，且用来作定语修饰The fruit。look当系动词“看起来”讲时，无被动形式。故答案为looking。
7．reflected
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：玛丽看着她映在湖面上的脸。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词作定语，和被修饰的名词face之间为被动关系。所以需要过去分词。故填reflected。
8．up
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：相反，一名身穿全身猴子装的活动人士来到现场，手里拿着一块牌子，赞扬电影制片人：“感谢你们没有使用真正的猿猴。”根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是动词短语dress up“打扮，装扮”。故填up。
9．represents
【详解】考查时态。句意：众所周知，白鸽代表和平。陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。a white pigeon为单数，作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数，设空处应用represents，作谓语。故填represents。
10．reflects
【详解】考查时态。句意：我们的校训反映了我们对礼貌、勤奋和成功的重视。根据定语从句中的谓语动词place可知，句子的时态应为一般现在时，句子主语Our school motto为单数名词，所以谓语动词用一般现在时第三人称单数。故填reflects。
11．consisting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这支足球队成立于3年前，由22名球员和3名教练组成。分析可知，此处为非谓语，动词短语consist of“由……组成”和football team之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作后置定语。故填consisting。
12．to dress
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：这孩子还太小，不能自己穿衣服。too…to…句式的结构形式为“too+形容词或副词+to+动词原形”，通常翻译为“太……而不能……”。故此处应用动词不定式结构。故填to dress。
13．after
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：鲍勃以为他不能去参加晚会，因为他要写一份报告，但他毕竟还是去了。固定短语：after all“毕竟，终究”。故答案为after。
14．reflected
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她可以看见映在水中的自己的脸。reflect与her face是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作宾语补足语。故填reflected。
15．respects
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：写信时请代我向他们致意。根据所给句子可知，此处需要使用名词作send的宾语，“respect”意为“敬意，致敬”常用复数形式，故填respects。
培优层级2——多维训练提能
I.阅读理解
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B
【分析】本文为议论文。作者从食物与文化的关系的角度表达了自己的看法，作者认为传统食物是文化的重要组成部分，它也是一种文化身份的表达，食物是了解文化的窗口。
1．细节理解题。根据第2段It also operates as an expression of culture identity. Immigrants bring it wherever they go, and it is a symbol of pride for their culture and means of coping with homesickness. 可知文中提到食物是一种文化身份的表达，故选B。
2．词义猜测题。根据上一句中It also operates as an expression of culture identity.可知，此句中it代指“民族文化”，句意为：移民们把它带到任何地方，它是他们的文化自豪感的象征，也是应对思乡之情的手段。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据Additionally, immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries. 可知，一些移民不得不改变他们餐馆原有的菜肴是为了迎合不同的顾客。故选C。
4．作者态度题。根据最后一段We should embrace our heritage（传统）through our culture’s food but also become more informed about other cultures by trying their food. 可知，我们应该通过我们的文化食物来接受我们的文化遗产，但也应该通过品尝其他文化的食物来了解其他文化，故选B。
II.七选五
5．F 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。不同的文化背景下，庆祝结婚纪念日的方式也有所不同。文章介绍了美国、加拿大人是如何庆祝他们不同阶段的结婚纪念日的。
5．根据上文“In the United States and Britain, 70th wedding anniversaries are known as “platinum anniversaries (铂金婚)”.(在美国和英国，70周年结婚纪念日被称为“铂金婚”)”及下文“For example, celebrating the first year of marriage is known as a “paper anniversary”. Fifty years of marriage marks a “gold anniversary”. And the term “diamond anniversary” is used to describe a marriage that has lasted for 60 years.(例如，庆祝结婚的第一年被称为“纸婚纪念日”。 结婚五十年标志着一个“黄金周年”。 而“钻石纪念日”一词则用来形容一段持续了60年的婚姻)”可知，除了“铂金婚”还有其他结婚纪念日的术语。由此可知，F. In fact, there are many different terms that are used to describe different marriage lengths.(事实上，有很多不同的术语用来描述不同的婚姻长度)能够承上启下，符合此处语境。故选F。
6．根据下文“In the US, people give gifts to couples when they reach certain years of their marriage.(在美国，人们会在夫妻步入婚姻的某一阶段时给他们送礼物)”及“In Canada, couples can receive a message from the country’s governor-general (总督) on their 50th anniversary, and on every fifth anniversary after that. In the US, the president himself will send a greeting to couples that reach their 50th anniversary, and for every anniversary after that.(在加拿大，夫妻可以在结婚 50 周年时收到该国总督的信息，之后的每五周年都如此。 在美国，总统本人会向结婚 50 周年的夫妇致以问候，并且包括之后的每个周年纪念日)”可知，此处介绍的是不同国家的人如何庆祝他们的结婚纪念日。由此可知，B. People in different countries have their own ways of celebrating wedding anniversaries.(不同国家的人有不同的庆祝结婚纪念日的方式)能够顺承下文，符合此处语境，且B选项中的“different countries”与下文的the US和Canada相对应。故选B。
7．根据上文“The first year anniversary is marked by giving the couple a clock.(一周年纪念日的标志是送给这对夫妇一个时钟)”及下文“And they can get musical instruments when they reach their 24th anniversary.(当他们达到24周年时，他们可以得到乐器)”可知，在不同的结婚纪念日人们会送不同的礼物。由此可知，A. If two people reach their 10th anniversary, they can expect to receive diamond jewelry.(如果两个人结婚满10周年，他们可以收到钻石首饰)符合此处语境，介绍的是结婚10周年时人们送什么礼物。故选A。
8．根据下文“In Canada, couples can receive a message from the country’s governor-general (总督) on their 50th anniversary, and on every fifth anniversary after that. In the US, the president himself will send a greeting to couples that reach their 50th anniversary, and for every anniversary after that.(在加拿大，夫妻可以在结婚 50 周年时收到该国总督的信息，之后的每五周年都如此。在美国，总统本人会向结婚 50 周年的夫妇致以问候，并且包括之后的每个周年纪念日)”可知，在加拿大和美国在结婚纪念日时，人们会收到领导人的祝贺。由此可知，D. In Canada and the US, couples can even receive special congratulations from world leaders on certain anniversaries.(在加拿大和美国，情侣们甚至可以在某些纪念日收到来自领导人的特别祝贺)符合此处语境。故选D。
9．根据上文“In Canada, couples can receive a message from the country’s governor-general (总督) on their 50th anniversary, and on every fifth anniversary after that. In the US, the president himself will send a greeting to couples that reach their 50th anniversary, and for every anniversary after that.(在加拿大，夫妻可以在结婚 50 周年时收到该国总督的信息，之后的每五周年都如此。在美国，总统本人会向结婚 50 周年的夫妇致以问候，并且包括之后的每个周年纪念日)”可知，在加拿大和美国在结婚纪念日时，人们会收到领导人的祝贺。再根据下文“Or perhaps the truly cool thing is celebrating such a long life full of love and happiness with your special someone.(或者，也许真正酷的事情是与你的另一半庆祝充满爱和幸福的一生)”可知，相比收到国家领导人的祝贺，也许真正酷的事情是与你的另一半庆祝充满爱和幸福的一生。由此可知，G. How cool would it be to get a letter from the president (收到总统的信会有多酷？)能够承上启下，符合此处语境。故选G。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了京剧的起源和形成过程：京剧起源于200多年前的徽剧，融合了各地方剧种的表演形式，最终在北京形成并发展成为全国最大的剧种。
III.语法填空
1．called 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词call和其逻辑主语Beijing Opera之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填called。
2．combination 考查词性转换。根据空前的冠词a以及空后的介词of可知，空处应用名词，此处表示“京剧是音乐、舞蹈、艺术和杂技的结合”，故填combination。
3．because/as/since 考查状语从句。句意：它被称为京剧，因为它是在北京形成的。根据句意可知，空处应填连词，故填because/as/since。
4．a 考查冠词。根据语境可知，京剧有200年的历史。history作“发展史”讲时可作单数，且其发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
5．which 考查定语从句。句意：京剧有200年的历史，它的起源可以追溯到古老的地方剧种，尤其是徽剧，该剧种在18世纪的中国北方很流行。分析该句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，指代上文的“Anhui opera”，故填which。
6．was held 考查动词的时态和语态。根据句中的时间状语“In 1790”可知，该句陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时；且该句主语“the first Anhui opera performance”和谓语动词hold之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，故填was held。
7．continued 考查动词的时态。句意：此后，一些其他的徽剧班子继续在北京表演。根据该句中的Later并结合语境可知，该句陈述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填continued。
8．to move 考查非谓语动词。be easy to do sth意为“很容易做某事”，为固定用法，故填to move。
9．At 考查固定搭配。句意：19世纪末20世纪初，在和地方剧结合了十年以后，京剧最终形成，并成为中国最大的剧种。at the end of“在……末尾”和at the beginning of“在……的开端”为固定搭配，故填At。
10．the biggest 考查形容词的最高级。句意参见上题解析。根据该句中的“of all operas”并结合语境可知，该处应用形容词的最高级形式，故填the biggest。
培优层级3——真题拔高滚动训练
I.完形填空
1．B 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．D 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了美国人友好而开放，喜欢认识新朋友，邀请客人，把人们正式或非正式地聚在一起。介绍了一些美国人结识朋友的特点。
1．考查时态辨析。句意：大多数美国人从未出过国，很少有和外国人打交道的经验。根据句意可知，此处为现在完成时，主语为Most Americans，助动词用have。故选B。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：大多数美国人从未出过国，很少有和外国人打交道的经验。A. trouble麻烦；B. patience耐心；C. knowledge知识；D. experience经验。根据上文“never been out of the country and have very little”可知，大多数美国人从未出过国，很少有和外国人打交道的经验。故选D。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他们通常会自发地让孩子们帮忙，友好而开放，喜欢认识新朋友，邀请客人，把人们正式或非正式地聚在一起。A. enjoy欣赏，喜欢；B. avoid避免；C. dislike不喜欢；D. mind介意。根据上文“friendly and open”可知他们友好开放，所以喜欢认识新朋友。故选A。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他们通常会自发地让孩子们帮忙，友好而开放，喜欢认识新朋友，邀请客人，把人们正式或非正式地聚在一起。A. receiving收到；B. putting放置；C. mixing混合；D. bringing带来。根据后文“people together formally or informally”指和人们聚在一起，应用bring together。故选D。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在大多数情况下，他们倾向于直呼其名，并自由地谈论自己。A. situation情况；B. conditions条件；C. surrounding环境；D. aspects方面。根据上文“They tend to use first names in most”此处是在说明称呼他人的情况，在大多数情况下，他们倾向于直呼其名，故选A。
6．考查连词词义辨析。句意：所以，如果你的美国东道主做了一些让你不舒服的事情，试着让他们知道你的感受。A. And并且；B. However然而；C. So所以；D. But但是。结合前后文语境可知为因果关系，应用连词so。故选C。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，如果你的美国东道主做了一些让你不舒服的事情，试着让他们知道你的感受。A. unfortunate不幸的；B. uncomfortable不舒服的；C. pleasant惬意的；D. comfortable舒服的。根据后文“try not to make you uncomfortable again”可知是让你不舒服的事情。故选B。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数人会欣赏你的诚实，尽量不再让你不舒服。A. believe相信；B. praise赞美；C. appreciate欣赏；D. support支持。根据后文“your honesty and try not to make you uncomfortable again”指欣赏你的诚实，尽量不再让你不舒服。故选C。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多旅行者发现在美国比在其他国家更容易结识他人。A. easier更容易的；B. happier更快乐的；C. simpler更简单的；D. harder更努力的。根据后文“and introduce themselves or even invite you over before they really know you”可知在美国结识他人很容易。故选A。
10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们可能会走上前去介绍自己，甚至在真正了解你之前就邀请你过去。A. come to想起；B. come around苏醒；C. come on快点；D. come up走近。根据后文“and introduce themselves”指走上前介绍自己。故选D。
11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：有时美国人被认为是假装友好的。A. naturally自然地；B. pretended假装；C. heartily衷心地；D. extremely非常。根据下文“ Just like anywhere else, it takes ______ to become real friends with people in the U.S. ”可知，美国人有时被认为是假装友好。故选B。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许看起来是这样，但他们可能只是觉得这样做很开心。A. killing杀死；B. wasting浪费；C. having有；D. taking带走。根据后文“a good time”表示“玩得开心”短语为have a good time。故选C。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像其他地方一样，要想和美国人成为真正的朋友是需要时间的。A. time时间；B. money钱；C. ability能力；D. chance机会。根据上文“Just like anywhere else, it takes”以及后文“become real friends with people in the U.S.”可知，成为真正的朋友是需要时间的。故选A。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你和美国朋友待在一起，他们很可能把你介绍给他们的朋友和家人，如果他们看起来很想认识你，那可能是因为他们确实如此。A. inviting邀请；B. leading领导；C. devoting奉献；D. introducing介绍。根据后文“you to their friends and family”可知，美国朋友很可能把你介绍给他们的朋友和家人，故选D。
15．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：如果你和美国朋友待在一起，他们很可能把你介绍给他们的朋友和家人，如果他们看起来很想认识你，那可能是因为他们确实如此。A. so所以；B. because因为；C. therefore因此；D. thus因此。引导表语从句，表示“因为”应用because。故选B。
II.读后续写
We had to wait, eagerly hoping for the arrival of the saving boat. The wildly wind blew and the freezing sea water clapped our bodies continuously. 30 minutes seemed much longer as we just helplessly floated on the boundless sea. After a long time, a light spot appeared in the distance! We waved our hands and yelled out with the left energy. The boat finally reached us and took all of us back to the shore.
That night, word came from the hospital that the two people were in good condition. Picturing what the merry scene would be, relief lay in my heart and happiness etched on my face. The next morning, people all I met smiled to me and could not stop praising me. It seemed like a good opportunity to show off, but I didn't mean to. In fact, I was ashamed I had thought about it. It occurred to me that helping others was priceless and everyone should be a lifeguard.
【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。
【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，作者在一次海啸中，意外发现了有人遇到危险，于是和邻居一起前往救助。作者当时在某种程度上，是想给每个人留下深刻印象:19岁时，这似乎是一个很好的炫耀机会。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：我们必须等……，所以应该写等待的过程，要详细描述作者他们等待的心情和当时海面的变化，以及最终获救；第二段开头是：那天晚上，医院传来消息说，这两个人身体状况良好。本段应该写我对这次营救别人的心理变化和感悟。文章最后提到帮助别人是无价的，每个人都应该成为一名救生员。
续写时要求使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语增加了写作难度，我们要熟悉所给划线词语，恰当的时候加以运用。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右；续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。按要求完成写作任务。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：eagerly for，float on，etch on等高级词汇；Picturing what the merry scene would be, relief lay in my heart and happiness etched on my face.非谓语动词的运用，It seemed like a good opportunity to show off… it做形式主语的用法。