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Unit 4 课时跟踪检测（二）
Warming Up & Reading — Language Points
Ⅰ.单词拼写或单句语法填空
1．His old car consumes (消耗) much gasoline.
2．They are trying to find a cleaner fuel (燃料) for cars.
3．She studied hard, and in consequence (结果) she passed the examination.
4．With such guns, how can we get out of the range (范围) of the enemy
5．I glanced (扫视) up to see who had come in.
6．Classical music ranges from jazz to pieces for large orchestras.
7．Your statement (state) is too general. Could you be more specific about what you're going to do in the future
8．Opposed (oppose) to the new plan, most of the members left the meeting room.
9．There is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.
10．Once this balance of nature is disturbed, it may result in a number of possibly unforeseen effects.
Ⅱ.选词填空
keep on， result in， go up， come about， subscribe to， as a consequence， quantities of
1．Can you explain how it came_about that you were an hour late
2．The oil price has gone_up again and many car owners begin to complain.
3．Failure results from laziness and hard work results_in success.
4．His friend advised him to give up the work, but he had to keep_on doing it.
5．Quantities_of drinking water have been transported to the flooded area.
6．He withdrew from political life and as_a_consequence he was soon forgotten.
7．No one but mad people would subscribe_to such views.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．毫无疑问，小麦的价格将会上涨。
There_is_no_doubt_that the price of wheat will go up.
2．我在他口袋里发现的是一把钥匙。
It_was_a_key_that I found in his pocket.
3．没有你的帮助，我无论如何也不会成功。
Without your help, I wouldn't_have_succeeded anyway.
4．我们不同意我们已经失败的观点。
We don't subscribe_to_the_view_that we have failed.
5．大风吹走了肥沃的土壤，只剩下了沙子。
The strong wind blew away the good soil, leaving_only_sand.
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
British shoppers will take home about 6 billion fewer single use plastic bags this year because the government introduced a 5p charge, according to data published July 30. The 5p charge has resulted in donations of more than ￡29 million from retailers toward charities (慈善机构) and community groups.
About 8 million tonnes of plastic pollutes the oceans each year, and experts judge the plastic is swallowed by 31 species of marine (海生的) mammals and some 100 species of seabirds.
“Taking six billion plastic bags out of circulation is fantastic news for all of us — it will mean our precious marine life is safer, our communities are cleaner, and future generations won't suffer from mountains of plastic taking hundreds of years to break down in landfill sites，” UK Environment Minister Thérèse Coffey said. “The 5p charge has clearly been a huge success — not only for our environment but for good causes across the country that have benefited from an impressive ￡29 million raised. It shows small actions can make the biggest difference, but we must not be complacent as there is always more we can all do to reduce waste and recycle what we use.”
More than 7 billion carrier bags were issued by seven leading retailers in 2014, but that number has fallen to slightly more than 500 million in the first six months of the 5p charge for single use carrier bags introduced in October 2015.
“We are delighted to see that the bag charge in England is showing positive results. This is a significant reduction that will benefit the environment as a whole, and our sea life in particular，” said Dr. Sue Kinsey, a technical specialist. “There is always more that we can do, and we encourage everyone to join in our Great British Beach Clean to help keep our coastlines clean.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。自英国政府出台对一次性塑料袋收费5便士的政策以来，消费者使用的塑料袋大大减少了。5便士政策对环境、海洋生物、慈善等都起着积极的作用。
1．According to the passage, which will charities directly benefit from
A．Cleaner communities.
B．Less use of plastic bags.
C．Donations from retailers.
D．The improved environment.
解析：选C 细节理解题。解答此题一定要注意题干中的directly“直接地”。根据第一段中的“donations of more than ￡29 million from retailers toward charities (慈善机构) and community groups”可知，慈善机构可以直接从零售商的捐赠中获益。
2．What does the underlined word “complacent” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Confident. B．Worried.
C．Disappointed. D．Content.
解析：选D 词义猜测题。画线词所在句意为“这表明小小的行动能产生最大的影响，但是我们一定不能________，因为总有更多我们都能做的事来减少浪费和回收利用我们的用品”，根据but的转折和“as there is always more we can all do”可知，此处指的是我们不能自满，故选D。
3．What did Thérèse Coffey and Dr. Sue Kinsey both agree with
A．The 5p charge is far from a success.
B．Paying for plastic bags is multi beneficial.
C．Future generations can enjoy a plastic free life.
D．Everyone should join environment protecting organizations.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“it will mean our precious marine life is safer, our communities are cleaner, and future generations won't suffer from mountains of plastic”和第五段中的“This is a significant reduction that will benefit the environment as a whole, and our sea life in particular”可知，她们都认为对塑料袋收费有多种好处(海洋生物更安全、社区更干净等)，故B项表述与之相符。
4．Which may be the best title of the passage
A．Plastic Bags Harm the Environment a Lot
B．Benefits from Less Use of Plastic Bags
C．Measures Taken to Reduce Use of Plastic Bags
D．5p Charge Sees Great Reduction of Plastic Bags
解析：选D 标题归纳题。本文的主旨句是第一段的第一句“British shoppers will take home about 6 billion fewer single use plastic bags this year because the government introduced a 5p charge ...”，故D项“5便士收费政策见证了塑料袋使用的大大减少”作标题最佳。
B
To make sure of greener development, China will combine efforts in environmental protection and ecological restoration according to the country's newly approved guideline (指导方针) for environmental protection, part of the 13th Five Year Plan (2016－2020)．
China surpassed its goal in environmental protection for the 12th Five Year Plan (2011－2015), with carbon intensity (强度) dropping by 20 percent (the intended target is 17 percent). It is a major contribution to worldwide efforts against climate change, officials said.
The new guideline stresses efforts to restore nature while reducing industrial damage to the environment. The goal is to achieve a more environmentally friendly way of living, considerable reduction in major pollutant emissions and a sounder ecological system by 2020. A good environment is a necessary part in improving people's living standards, officials said.
Statistics of a report from several Chinese universities show that more than one third of the country's industrial waste water flows directly into rivers and lakes. Water pollution within China has affected the environment, society and agriculture. It has resulted in huge economic losses. Air pollution is also one of the major problems in China. Heavy haze usually covers North and East China. Environmental issues are becoming a barrier to China's development. Besides, heavy metal pollution in soil in China is so serious that it requires us to act immediately. 10 percent of the total farmland of China has heavy metal polluted soil. The heavy metal in soil will enter into humans' food chain through grain and agricultural products.
The rapid industrialization of agriculture, expansion of the chemical industry, and the need to produce cheap forms of energy have caused the continuous release of man made organic chemicals into natural ecosystems. The guideline focuses on ecological restoration by controlling more types of pollutants than before.
语篇解读：为了保护环境，恢复生态系统，中国新颁布了一项环境保护指导方针。
5．According to the passage, the guideline ________.
A．is part of the 12th Five Year Plan of China
B．aims to improve Chinese people's living standards
C．calls for worldwide efforts against climate change and pollution
D．focuses on environmental protection as well as ecological restoration
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段“... China will combine efforts in environmental protection and ecological restoration ...”可知，指导方针要求中国在环境保护和生态修复这两方面都要付诸努力。
6．The underlined word “surpassed” can be replaced by “________”．
A．beat B．failed
C．set D．realized
解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“... with carbon intensity (强度) dropping by 20 percent (the intended target is 17 percent). It is a major contribution to worldwide efforts against climate change, officials said.”可知，在“十二五”期间，中国的碳强度下降了20%(预定目标是17%)，在全球控制气候变化方面做出了巨大贡献。因此中国是超额完成了目标。surpass意为“超过”。
7．What does Para. 4 mainly talk about
A．The huge influence of serious pollution on China.
B．The current situation of environmental pollution in China.
C．China's achievement in fighting pollution in recent years.
D．Measures the Chinese government takes to deal with pollution.
解析：选B 段落大意题。本段分别介绍了中国的水污染、空气污染和土壤污染问题。因此本段主要是说中国当前环境污染的现状。
8．What can we know from the passage
A．Most cities in China suffer serious air pollution.
B．Water pollution is the biggest problem compared with other kinds of pollution.
C．More types of pollutants should be controlled to restore ecosystems.
D．Reducing carbon emissions is the chief goal of the 13th Five Year Plan.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The guideline focuses on ecological restoration by controlling more types of pollutants than before.”可知，为了恢复生态系统，更多类型的污染物应该被控制。
Ⅴ.阅读七选五
Many of us deal with the rush every morning in preparation for work or school, but it doesn't have to be this way. With a little time management, these steps can help you cut down on your morning stress.
Create an evening preparation routine
__1__ These simple tasks will take you less than 30 minutes to complete each evening and will save you a huge headache every morning.
Get a good night's sleep
Make sure you go to bed at a reasonable hour to allow enough time for a healthy night's sleep. Most people require between seven and eight hours' sleep each night. If needed, set a bedtime reminder alarm on your alarm clock. __2__
Wake up 30 minutes earlier
30 minutes in the morning will make a difference. As long as you get to bed on time, waking up 30 minutes earlier should seem natural after just a few days. __3__
Plan a realistic day
Writing things down means you don't have to worry about forgetting to do them. __4__ Write down anything that cannot be put off to the following day.
__5__
Getting up to face a new day is far more satisfying when you have something to look forward to. Make sure you manage your time better so that you have time to do something you love on a daily basis.
A．Morning stress is very common.
B．Schedule something you love daily.
C．Never fill your mind with unnecessary worries.
D．Make a summary of what you did in the daytime.
E．Use this time to think, shower and eat breakfast.
F．Iron your clothes, locate your keys, plan a nutritious breakfast, etc.
G．Always keep the temperature in your bedroom comfortably cool.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何管理时间，避免早上匆匆忙忙。
1．选F 本段的主旨是“Create an evening preparation routine (形成夜晚做准备的惯例)”，而熨衣服、放好钥匙、计划营养早餐等具体描述符合语境，故选F。
2．选G 前文“Most people require between seven and eight hours' sleep each night. If needed, set a bedtime reminder alarm on your alarm clock.(大部分人每晚需要7－8小时的睡眠，如果需要设定个上床睡觉的提醒闹钟。)”与G形成语意上的并列，故选G。
3．选E 根据“Wake up 30 minutes earlier (早起床30分钟)”可知，E项“利用这个时间思考、沐浴和吃早餐”符合逻辑，故选E。
4．选C 根据“Plan a realistic day (安排符合实际的一天)”可知，C项“永远不要让那些不必要的忧虑填满你的脑袋”符合逻辑，故选C。
5．选B 根据“you have time to do something you love on a daily basis (你有时间做一些你日常喜欢做的事情)”可知，B项“安排你日常喜欢做的事情”符合语境，故选B。
Ⅵ.课时微写作(根据提示完成小作文)
Some scientists 1.subscribe_to (认同) the view that global warming will be a catastrophe. The steady going up of the temperature may 2. result_in_floods,_drought_and_famines (导致洪水、干旱和饥饿). Others 3.are_opposed_to (反对) this, saying the warming will be mild 4.with_no_severe_environmental_consequences (不会在环境方面导致严重的后果)．
I think that 5.even_if_the_conclusion_is_not_clear (即使结论不是很明确), we should pay special attention to protecting environment, because it is surely beneficial to our health.PAGE
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Unit 4 课时跟踪检测（三）
Learning about Language & Using Language
Ⅰ.单词拼写或用所给单词的正确形式填空
1．I think there's an electrical (与电有关的) fault.
2．Our country made a commitment (承诺) to pay D|S50,000 to the Red Cross.
3．Young people have made a great contribution (贡献) to China's economic development.
4．The group does not advocate (支持) the use of violence.
5．Whatever our circumstances (情况), we generally still have dreams, hopes and desires.
6．In many places, swimming is dangerous because of pollution (pollute)．
7．Nowadays, EQ and PQ as well as IQ are attached importance to in children's growth (grow)．
8．He was casually (casual) dressed in jeans and a T shirt.
9．In college I had been taught that a successful educator (educate) should ignore bad behavior.
10．The Chinese nation has reached a point where its very existence (exist) is at stake.
Ⅱ.选词填空
on the whole， put up with， as long as， and so on， on behalf of， make a difference
1．I think that as_long_as one puts effort into study, he will make progress.
2．We have to put_up_with her bad temper.
3．The natural sources on the earth are running out and we should save water, electricity and_so_on.
4．On_the_whole he was generous and honest, but sometimes he was mean.
5．Please allow me to express our warm welcome to you on_behalf_of our company.
6．Your support will certainly make_a_difference to our project, which must be completed before next Friday.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．As_long_as_he_had_time (只要他有时间), he would drive his wife to work.
2. On_average (平均起来), American firms remain the most productive in the world.
3．The dictionary didn't tell the Frenchman how_to_pronounce_the_word (怎样读那个词)．
4．If_so (如果是这样), I believe I have solved your problem.
5．Under_the_circumstances (在这种情况下) he felt unable to accept the job.
Ⅳ.完形填空
Access to electricity has always been limited for people living in Nuevo Saposoa, a remote village in Peru. However, things went from bad to worse in March 2015 __1__ a flood damaged the power station in the area. The villagers were __2__ to turn to kerosene (煤油) lamps, which are not only expensive but also __3__ because of the poisonous matter they give off.
__4__， the researchers and students at the Universidad de Ingenieríay Tecnología (UTEC) in Lima, Peru heard about their __5__ situation and came up with a creative solution. They __6__ a lamp that can be powered by plants and soil, both of which can be found __7__ in the Amazonian rainforests where the village is located. Called Plantalámparas, the __8__ draws energy from a plant growing in a wooden box and uses it to __9__ an LED bulb.
While that may sound complicated and even impossible, it is quite __10__. The waste produced by plants undergoes oxidization (氧化作用) in the soil, which produces electrons (电子). The UTEC team placed electrodes (电极) inside the soil to __11__ the energy and store it in the lamp's batteries for __12__ use. The researchers say a single charge can light an LED bulb for two hours — enough __13__ for people to get their evening chores done. The university __14__ ten such lamps to Nuevo Saposoa in October 2015. So far, they have been a huge __15__！ Elmer Ramirez, UTEC's professor, believes the plant powered lamps could also help improve the lives of thousands of other __16__ rainforest communities, 42% of which have no access to __17__.
This is not the __18__ time the students and professors of UTEC have come up with a(n) __19__ solution to a problem. In 2014, to deal with Peru's severe __20__ pollution they created a large advertising board that could be used as an air purifier (净化器) as well!
语篇解读：本文是说明文。秘鲁UTEC大学的师生为了解决偏远乡村用电难的问题发明了一种利用植物和土壤供电的灯。
1．A.after B．though
C．unless D．until
解析：选A 根据本句中的“from bad to worse”可知，在洪水毁了当地的发电站“后(after)”， Nuevo Saposoa村用电难的问题更加严重。
2．A.advised B．taught
C．asked D．forced
解析：选D 没有电，村民们“被迫(forced)”使用煤油灯。
3．A.disappointing B．inconvenient
C．strange D．dangerous
解析：选D 根据本空后的“the poisonous matter”可知，使用煤油灯很“危险(dangerous)”。
4．A.Fortunately B．Suddenly
C．Certainly D．Usually
解析：选A 根据下文内容可知，“幸运的是(Fortunately)”，UTEC大学的师生们想出了一个好主意帮助村民。
5．A.real B．embarrassing
C．bad D．unstable
解析：选C 根据上文内容可知，Nuevo Saposoa村的村民无电可用，情况很“糟糕(bad)”。
6．A.bought B．designed
C．discovered D．repaired
解析：选B 根据本空后的“a lamp that can be powered by plants and soil”可知，他们“设计出(designed)”一种利用植物和土壤供电的灯。
7．A.in detail B．in time
C．in harmony D．in abundance
解析：选D 只有制作新型灯的材料容易获得，这项发明才有可能得到广泛使用。故此处in abundance(大量地)符合语境。
8．A.village B．lamp
C．rainforest D．soil
解析：选B 根据本空前的Called和本空后的“draws energy”可知，这种“灯(lamp)”名叫Plantalámparas，从植物中获取电能。
9．A.light up B．make up
C．give up D．use up
解析：选A 本空前的it指代本句中的energy，表示这种灯利用从植物中获得的电能“点亮(light up)”LED灯泡。
10．A.widespread B．straightforward
C．well known D．labor saving
解析：选B 本句开头的While表示对比或相反的情况，因此这里指尽管从植物中获取电能听上去很复杂，甚至不可能，但其实并“不难(straightforward)”。
11．A.waste B．save
C．produce D．direct
解析：选C 根据本空前的“placed electrodes (电极) inside the soil”可知，UTEC大学的团队把电极放进土壤就是为了“发(produce)”电。
12．A.additional B．free
C．regular D．later
解析：选D 根据本句中的store可知，把电能存进电池里是为了“以后的(later)”使用。
13．A.energy B．space
C．time D．brightness
解析：选C 根据本空前的“two hours”可知，两个小时的“时间(time)”足够人们完成夜间琐事了。
14．A.distributed B．sold
C．lent D．returned
解析：选A 根据上文内容可知，UTEC大学的师生发明这种新型灯就是为了帮助Nuevo Saposoa村的村民，所以他们完成发明后给该村“分发(distributed)”了十个这种灯。
15．A.success B．challenge
C．change D．surprise
解析：选A 根据下句中的“could also help ...”可知，这些灯很“成功(success)”，所以UTEC大学的教授认为它们也可以被推广到其他地方。
16．A.nearby B．small
C．remote D．ancient
解析：选C 参见下题解析。
17．A.education B．electricity
C．technology D．entertainment
解析：选B 根据上文内容可知，UTEC大学的师生为了解决偏远乡村Nuevo Saposoa村用电难的问题才发明了这种灯，因此这里指将这种灯推广到其他用“电(electricity)”难的“偏远的(remote)”乡村。
18．A.best B．first
C．accurate D．normal
解析：选B 参见下题解析。
19．A.clever B．simple
C．temporary D．immediate
解析：选A 根据下句内容可知，这不是UTEC大学的师生“第一次(first)”想出这么“聪明的(clever)”点子。
20．A.noise B．water
C．air D．vehicle
解析：选C 根据本句中的“an air purifier (净化器)”可知，这个也可以充当空气净化器的广告牌是用来应对秘鲁严重的“空气(air)”污染的。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
The Arctic region is warmer than it used to be and it continues to get warmer. Scientists first started to see changes in the Arctic climate in the 1970s and 1980s. And over the past 30 years, it has warmed more than any other region on the earth. Most scientists agree that Arctic weather and climate are changing because of human caused climate change.
Arctic warming is causing changes to sea ice, snow cover, and the extent of permafrost (永久冻地) in the Arctic. In the first half of 2010, air temperatures in the Arctic were 4° Celsius warmer than the 1968 to 1996 reference period. Satellite data show that over the past 30 years, Arctic sea ice cover has declined by 30 percent. Satellite data also show that snow cover over land in the Arctic has decreased, and glaciers (冰川) in Greenland and northern Canada are decreasing. In addition, frozen ground in the Arctic has started to melt (融化)．
Changes in the Arctic climate are important because the Arctic acts as a refrigerator for the rest of the world. The Arctic region gives off more heat to space than it absorbs from outside, which helps cool the planet. So changes in the Arctic climate could affect the climate in the rest of the world.
Predicting the Arctic climate is difficult. Some of the changes in the Arctic could also have positive feedback effects, or effects that reduce the amount of warming. For example, if warm temperatures make the Arctic growing season longer, more plants can survive and take up more carbon from the air.
Scientists are studying the many factors that influence Arctic climate to help figure out how feedbacks work and what will happen in the future. Researchers are also investigating how the changes in the Arctic climate will affect climate in other parts of the world. Scientists study data collected by satellites and at ground stations.
语篇解读：本文主要介绍北极变暖的基本情况及其造成的影响。
1．According to the first paragraph, changes in the Arctic climate ________.
A．started to happen in the 1970s
B．make the region the hottest
C．result from human caused climate change
D．have caused damage to human life
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Most scientists agree that Arctic weather and climate are changing because of human caused climate change.”可判断北极变暖是由人类引起的气候变化造成的，故选C项。
2．The second paragraph is intended to introduce ________.
A．processes of Arctic warming
B．effects of Arctic warming
C．land and glaciers of the Arctic region
D．the worsening environment of the Arctic
解析：选B 段落大意题。由于北极变暖，北极地区诸多的事物正在发生变化，由此可判断此段旨在介绍北极变暖的影响，故选B项。
3．The Arctic region plays a role in ________.
A．preventing the global pollution
B．managing the global temperature
C．reducing the amount of global warming
D．preventing a rise in the sea levels
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“... the Arctic acts as a refrigerator for the rest of the world ... So changes in the Arctic climate could affect the climate in the rest of the world.”可推断北极有助于调节全球气温，故选B项。
4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Arctic warming has been brought under control.
B．Arctic warming has become a global issue.
C．Arctic warming is getting worse and worse.
D．Arctic warming has attracted scientists' attention.
解析：选D 推理判断题。最后一段说到科学家正在研究造成北极变暖的诸多因素，由此可推断，北极变暖已经受到科学家们的广泛关注，故选D项。
B
Four Coolest Underground House
We started off living in caves and seem to have come back to the same point. This is because we finally realized that it is actually a very eco friendly way to live. However, building a house underground is not an easy task. The following underground homes are so incredible that they'll make you want to build your own underground house!
Flower Petals (花瓣)
Located in Bolton, the UK, this house belongs to British football star Gary Neville. It is hidden under the ground except for the petal shaped openings designed to allow the light to enter and light up the entire house. It covers about 8,000 square foot and was designed by Make Architects to keep energy consumption to a minimum.
Swiss Mountain Underground House
This unique house has been designed by the architects of SeArch, Netherlands and Christian Muller. It is located in the Swiss village of Vals and is hidden on all sides save for one. This magnificent structure has been planned in such a way that it completely eliminates the need of cooling in summers and heating in winters.
The Cave House
Carved out of a mountain, this house is located in Festus, Missouri. It has been used for many different purposes over time. This 15,000 square foot residence was originally used as a mine for decades. It was also used as concert venue and a roller skating rink. The cave house needs no air conditioning for cooling and heating the house due to its intelligent design.
Stone Desert Home
The Stone Desert Home is built in such a way that it looks more like a half buried ruin than a modern home. Designed by Deca, this eco friendly house is built between the slopes of two hillsides next to each other and barely rises above the desert level surrounding it. As the house is half hidden in the earth, it makes use of natural light and heat as well as cooling crosswinds.
语篇解读：这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上奇特的地下房屋——它们的特点就是节能环保。
5．It can be learned that Flower Petals ________.
A．cannot be seen from the earth at all
B．is in the possession of Make Architects
C．was probably designed by a company
D．has an obvious petal shaped floor
解析：选C 细节理解题。依据Flower Petals (花瓣)部分中的“It covers about 8,000 square foot and was designed by Make Architects”可知，这个建筑是由Make Architects设计的，Make Architects显然不是个人名，很可能是一家公司。
6．The underlined word “eliminates” in the passage means “________”．
A．removes B．adjusts
C．controls D．demonstrates
解析：选A 词义猜测题。依据画线词前的“... is hidden on all sides save for one”可知，这座房子是三面环山，只有出口这一面朝外，因此它给主人提供冬暖夏凉的环境，再结合文章开头的“环保住宅”可知该词在本句中的意思是“排除，免除”。
7．Compared with Stone Desert Home, the Cave House ________.
A．has less natural light in the day
B．shows more intelligent design
C．was once used in many ways.
D．has an owner with rich experience
解析：选C 细节理解题。依据文章第四段中的“This 15,000 square foot residence was originally used as a mine for decades. It was also used as concert venue and a roller skating rink”可知，the Cave House曾经用途很广泛。
8．What can we infer from the passage
A．The author is advertising for the above houses.
B．The future of residence will go underground.
C．The houses mentioned are all eco friendly.
D．All of the four houses use only natural light.
解析：选C 推理判断题。作者在文中介绍的四座房子的共性是节能环保。PAGE
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Unit 4 课时跟踪检测（一）
Warming Up & Reading — Pre-reading
阅读理解
A
Mother Nature is a cruel mistress. Why Read on to find the answer.
Venice
This iconic city is sinking rapidly. The canals that make up the streets of Venice rise 2mm every year, making relics of history go under the surface of water and destroying architecture. Experts warn that without intervention (干预), this city will disappear back into the water at an even faster rate, consumed by rising sea level from melting polar ice caps.
Machu Picchu
These Incan ruins have drawn adventurous tourists into the mountains of South America. The forces of natural erosion have been accelerated by tourism and this landmark faces severe influence from increasing foot traffic. The Peruvian government recently suggested a cable car that would cut out the intense hike up to the ruins, making the site instantly accessible to millions, but the future of Machu Picchu remains uncertain.
Glacier National Park
Perhaps you've heard that the ice caps are melting. But nowhere is more apparent in the United States than in Glacier National Park. Estimates indicate that the glaciers that are part of the beauty of this national landmark will disappear entirely in the next two decades.
The Great Barrier Reef
Hidden from view beneath the waves, the Great Barrier Reef has been rapidly dying off. Nearly fifty percent of coral which once occupied a large area is gone, destroyed by pollution and disease.
语篇解读：本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上濒临消失的几个旅游胜地。
1．What can we learn about Machu Picchu
A．It has no convenient traffic.
B．It's famous for cable cars.
C．It's well preserved by the locals.
D．It bears a heavy burden of tourism.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据Machu Picchu部分中的“The forces of natural erosion have been accelerated by tourism and this landmark faces severe influence from increasing foot traffic.”可知，旅游业给该地带来了破坏，即带来了沉重的生存负担。故选D。
2．Which place probably needs visitors to dive into the water to enjoy its beauty
A．Venice.
B．Machu Picchu.
C．Glacier National Park.
D．The Great Barrier Reef.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据The Great Barrier Reef部分中的“Hidden from view beneath the waves”可知，该地可能需要游客潜入水中才能享受其美景。故选D。
3．What do the above attractions have in common
A．They all have a long history.
B．They're all threatened by climate change.
C．They're all in danger of disappearing.
D．They're all well known for natural scenery.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据Venice部分中的“this city will disappear back into the water at an even faster rate”， Machu Picchu部分中的“the future of Machu Picchu remains uncertain”， Glacier National Park部分中的“the glaciers that are part of the beauty of this national landmark will disappear entirely in the next two decades”及The Great Barrier Reef部分中的“the Great Barrier Reef has been rapidly dying off”可推知，这几处旅游胜地的共同点是它们都濒临消失。文章第一段的内容也是暗示，故选C。
B
To encourage all students to get education, even if their parents can't afford it, a primary school in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh is asking parents to simply plant a tree instead of paying school fees. The project was set up by a group of local professionals and business owners in response to India's rapidly rising education fees.
The parents have to take care of the tree and plant a new one if it dies — but compared to the cost of traditional school fees, it's a small price to pay. And it comes with the added bonus of helping to improve local air quality.
The school is Shiksha Kuteer in the city of Ambikapur in the east of the country. 35 students between the ages of four and five are studying there. By offering an affordable way to get students into school, Shiksha Kuteer is encouraging education for everyone.
So far, the school has received a positive response, and 700 trees have been planted across the village over the last year. “Shiksha Kuteer has opened in the village for students who have no money to pay school fees，” local villager, Sevak Das, said. “Students are being taught till a certain standard and their parents have been asked to plant trees instead of paying school fess.”
This is just one small school in a small village in India, but if the approach is efficacious,_it could be something that other schools look into. And it can't hurt, because every day, air pollution becomes a worsening problem in many parts of India. While a few trees aren't going to solve that problem any time soon, making families plant and take care of a tree — and replace it if it dies — is a way to encourage positive air purifying (净化空气) action, as well as helping to educate the next generation.
语篇解读：印度恰蒂斯加尔邦(Chhattisgarh)的一所小学允许父母种植一棵树苗来充当学费，这么做的目的是为了鼓励更多的学生接受教育，即便是那些家境困难的孩子。
4．What is the main purpose of the project
A．To help parents earn money to pay school fees.
B．To encourage all students to get education.
C．To tell the next generation to take care of trees.
D．To encourage people to protect the environment.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段“To encourage all students to get education, even if their parents can't afford it, a primary school in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh is asking parents to simply plant a tree instead of paying school fees.”可知，为了鼓励所有的学生都受到教育，即使他们的父母支付不起，印度Chhattisgarh的一所小学允许父母仅仅种一棵树来替代学费。
5．What does the underlined word “efficacious” mean
A．Simple. B．Necessary.
C．Effective. D．Important.
解析：选C 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“it could be something that other schools look into. And it can't hurt, because every day, air pollution becomes a worsening problem in many parts of India.”可知，这对其他学校来说就是个值得借鉴的案例。该方法并无不妥，因为在印度很多地区，空气污染问题正变得日益严重。由此可知画线词含义为“有效的”。
6．What's the main idea of the passage
A．Education and the environment have a close relationship.
B．A new way to improve the environment appears in India.
C．Indian people devote themselves to protecting the environment.
D．An Indian primary school asks parents to plant trees instead of paying school fees.
解析：选D 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了印度一所名字叫作Shiksha Kuteer的小学让父母种植树苗代替学费以鼓励所有的学生接受教育。
C
The Crowne Plaza Hotel in Copenhagen is offering a free meal to any guest who is able to produce electricity for the hotel on an exercise bike linked to a generator (发电机). The idea is to get people fit and reduce their carbon footprint. Guests will have to produce at least 10 watt hours of electricity — roughly 15 minutes of cycling for someone of average fitness. Guests staying at Plaza Hotel will be given meat tickets worth D|S36 once they have produced 10 watt hours of electricity. The bicycles will have smart phones attached to the handlebars measuring how much power is being generated for the hotel.
The plan, a world first, will start on 19 April and run for a year. Only guests staying at the hotel will be able to take part. Frederikke Toemmergaard, hotel spokeswoman, said, “Many of our visitors are business people who enjoy going to the gym. There might be people who will cycle just to get a free meal, but generally I don't think people will take advantage of our programme.”
Copenhagen has a long standing cycling tradition and 36% of locals cycle to work each day, one of the highest percentages in the world, according to the website visitcopenhagen. dk. US environmental website recently voted Copenhagen the world's best city for cyclists. “Because Copenhagen is strongly connected with cycling, we felt the bicycle would work well as a symbol of the hotel's green profile (形象)．”
If successful, the electric bicycle meal programme will be spread to all Crowne Plaza hotels in the UK, the hotel said in a statement.
语篇解读：本文提到的电动自行车免餐计划是为了增强人们的健康，推广酒店的环保理念。
7．What is the main purpose of the free meal programme
A．To promote the hotel's green concept.
B．To make the city known to the world.
C．To attract people to the hotel restaurant.
D．To get guests to stay longer at the hotel.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中“The idea is to get people fit and reduce their carbon footprint.”可知，这个想法是让人们身体健康，并减少碳排放量。即推广酒店的绿色理念。故选A。
8．How can a participant get a free meal
A．By becoming a professional cyclist.
B．By cycling to produce some electricity.
C．By linking a smart phone to a bicycle.
D．By monitoring his or her carbon footprint.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“The Crowne Plaza Hotel in Copenhagen is offering a free meal to any guest who is able to produce electricity for the hotel on an exercise bike linked to a generator (发电机)．”可知，通过骑自行车为宾馆产生一些电的人们才能得到免费的一餐。故选B。
9．Who are most likely to enter for the programme
A．The poor local people.
B．The environment activists.
C．Health conscious hotel guests.
D．Visitors fond of Copenhagen food.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Only guests staying at the hotel will be able to take part.”可知，只有住在酒店的客人才能参加。故选C。
10．According to Paragraph 3, Copenhagen has one of the world's ________.
A．best chain hotels
B．greenest natural environments
C．longest bike paths
D．highest rates of people cycling to work
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Copenhagen has a longstanding cycling tradition and 36% of locals cycle to work each day, one of the highest percentages in the world”可知，骑自行车上班的人的比例最高，故选D。
