《状元之路》2014届高考英语（全国通用）二轮复习钻石卷——早读晚练3-5

周五　早读晚练
晚练语法　第19练　易错题集训(三)　非谓语动词、
情态动词和虚拟语气
时间：10分钟　 分值：15分
1．(2013·河南十所名校考前测试)— What made Kate so excited yesterday?
— ________ by her boss, as far as I know.
A. Being praised B. Praised
C. To praise D. She was praised
答案与解析　A　句意：——什么让凯特昨天那么兴奋？——据我所知，被她的老板夸奖让她非常兴奋。分析句子结构可知答句是________ by her boss made Kate so excited yesterday的省略形式，所选非谓语动词形式应作主语，故用being done形式。
2．(2013·东北三省二市二模)I'd rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than ________ one with others.
A. to share B. sharing
C. to have shared D. share
答案与解析　D　句意：我想拥有属于自己的房间，不管它多小，而不愿和别人住在一起。however small it is为插入语， would rather do sth. than do sth.“宁愿……也不……”，为固定结构，故答案选D。
3．(2013·济南一模)In my opinion, keeping dogs well ________ up is advisable for dog owners.
A. to tie B. being tied
C. tied D. to be tied
答案与解析　C　句意：我认为，狗的主人应该把狗拴好。tie和句子谓语is之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且tie和其逻辑主语dogs构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。此处不表示正在进行，故答案B排除，答案C符合语境。
4．(2013·海口调研)The monument was built in honor of the explorer who was believed ________ the big river.
A. to have discovered
B. to have been discovered
C. to discover
D. having been discovered
答案与解析　A　句意：建造这座纪念碑是为了纪念那位被认为发现了那条大河的探险家。在be said/reported/believed后应用不定式，此为固定语法；又根据语意可知，“发现大河”为已发生、完成的动作，且“探险家”与“发现”之间为主动关系，因此应用不定式完成时的主动语态形式。故答案选A。
5．(2013·吉林高三模拟)Mary had to go to a meeting, so she left her children ________ at home.
A. playing B. played
C. to play D. having played
答案与解析　A　句意：玛丽不得不去参加会议，因此她把孩子留在家里玩。leave sb. doing sth.“留下某人做某事(强调处于某种状态)”，现在分词表主动、进行，此处宾语her children与补足语play之间构成主动关系，因此用playing。故A项正确。
6．(2013·北京朝阳区二模)— Will you please make yourself ________ to us, please?
— I'm the honorary chairman of the committee.
A. know B. to know
C. knowing D. known
答案与解析　D　句意：——请问，您能向我们做自我介绍吗？——我是这个委员会的名誉主席。make yourself known to“向……做自我介绍”。故D项正确。
7．(2013·北京东城区一模)Be careful when washing those glasses! I don't want them ________.
A. to have been broken B. to be broken
C. breaking D. break
答案与解析　B　want后带有宾语并且指人时，常用动词不定式作宾补，want sb. to do sth.排除选项C和D。A项为动词不定式的完成被动式，题干中没有表示完成的时间状语，排除A项。由语境可知，them代指“玻璃杯”，它和break之间构成被动关系，故选B。
8．(2013·太原五中月考)What has he given up ________ us physics?
A. is to teach B. to teach
C. teaching D. taught
答案与解析　B　句意：他为了教我们物理放弃了什么？此处用不定式表示目的。give up的宾语是what。
9．(2013·江西百校联考模拟)The No. 1 subway, ________ in December 2011, greatly improved the traffic conditions in Chengdu.
A. opened B. to be opened
C. being opened D. to open
答案与解析　A　subway与open之间应为被动关系，排除D项；根据时间状语可知，A项正确。B项表将来时；C项表进行时。
10．(2013·呼和浩特高三第一次统考)— Are you going to find a job back in your hometown?
— Well, I haven't decided yet. I ________ find some other choices.
A. would B. must
C. should D. might
答案与解析　D　句意：——你打算选择回家乡找工作吗？——哦，我还没想好。我也可能会做其他的选择。would“愿意”，表示强烈的愿望、意愿； should“应该”，表示一种责任、义务； must“必须；应该”，表示强烈的态度，语气比should强烈； might“可能”，表示不确定的可能性。根据I haven't decided yet可知，“我”还不确定自己的选择。故答案选D。
11．(2013·郑州质量预测)—I wonder why Tom is late again.
— Well, he ________ his train, or maybe overslept.
A. might miss B. may have missed
C. should miss D. must have missed
答案与解析　B　答句句意：他可能错过了火车或睡过了头。may＋have done表示对过去事实可能性的推测，表示“可能已经做了某事”。must＋have done表示对过去事实的肯定推测，表示“一定已经……”。故B项正确。
12．(2013·浙江金华十校考试)— Why didn't you come to Mike's birthday party yesterday?
— Well, I ________， but I had something important to do at the moment.
A. should B. must
C. should have D. must have
答案与解析　C　should have在这里相当于“should have come to Mike's birthday party”，即“我本应该去参加Mike的生日晚会的”。should have done表“本应该做某事(但实际上未做)”，其他选项不合题意。
13．(2013·浙江学军中学高三第十次月考)The official document states that all pay ________ be made in cash.
A. can B. shall
C. may D. would
答案与解析　B　句意：官方文件称，所有的付款都必须用现金。shall用在条约、规章、法令等文件中表示义务或规定，且一般用于第三人称，意为“应；必须”，符合语境。故答案选B。
14．(2013·合肥一中冲刺高考最后一卷)If you ________ change your mind after careful consideration, please let me know without delay.
A. need B. could
C. would D. should
答案与解析　D　句意：万一你仔细考虑后改变主意了，一定要及时告诉我。should用于虚拟语气的从句中，表示“万一”。此句还可以用省略、倒装的形式，即：Should you change your mind ...故答案选D。
15．(2013·天津耀华中学二模)We ________ the difficulty together, but why didn't you tell me?
A. could face B. might face
C. could have faced D. must have faced
答案与解析　C　句意：我们本可以一起面对困难的，但是你为什么不告诉我？根据语境可知，此处表示与过去的事实相反，所以应用could have done表示虚拟，意为“本该做某事而实际上没做”。故答案选C。
早读背诵　热点写作话题(九)　生态环保
A话题单词
1．shock vt. 使……震惊
2．danger n. 危险
3．protect v．保护
4．protection n．保护
5．growth n．成长；增长
6．natural adj. 自然的
7．affect v. 影响
8．effect n. 影响
9．peace n. 和平；和睦；安宁
10．convenience n. 方便；便利
11．expand v. 扩张；扩展
12．expansion n．扩张；扩展
13．destroy vt. 破坏；毁坏
14．attention n. 注意
15．wild adj. 野生的
16．advantage n. 好处；利益
17．disadvantage n. 弊端
18．beauty n. 美；漂亮
19．harmonious adj. 和谐的
20．harmony n. 和谐
21．endangered adj.濒临灭绝的
特别关注 expand(3年2考)
辨析　expand/extend/stretch
(1)expand(使)(尺寸、数或数字等)扩大，增加(活动量)，扩大(活动范围)。
(2)extend延伸，延长(建筑或道路、时间等)，扩大(控制、影响力等)。
(3)stretch拉紧(绳子)，伸长(脖子)，伸臂/腿/伸展身体(以健身)，stretch oneself out (on)平躺。
Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.
无论在哪里，人类总有向外扩张的遗传倾向，这也许是对为什么要探索外空最好的解释。
The railway will be extended next year.
明年将要延长这条铁路。
He stretched himself out on the beach, bathing in the sun.
他平躺在海滩上，沐浴着阳光。
B话题短语
1．bring about 带来 2.result in导致
3．die out 灭亡；逐渐消失 4.tear down 拆掉；拆毁
5．in peace 和平地；和睦地；安详地 6.in danger (of) 在危险中；垂危
7．protect ... from ... 保护……不受……(危害) 8.at a…rate 以……比率
9．ought to 应该；理应 10.as for 至于
11．have an influence on 对……有影响 12.raise the awareness of…唤醒……的意识
13．take action 采取行动 14.lead to 导致
15．be concerned about 关注；担心 16.pay attention to 注意
17．live in harmony with ... 与……和谐相处 18.in the end 最终
19．as a result 结果 20.have a bad influence on ... 对……产生不良的影响
C话题佳句
1．We should raise the public awareness of protecting the wildlife.
我们应该唤醒大众对于野生动植物的保护意识。
2．With economic development and population growth, the city size grows larger and larger, which has a bad influence on the farmland.
随着经济的发展和人口的扩张，城市不断地扩大，这对农田带来了不良的影响。
3．Many animals are in danger, so we should pay attention to wildlife protection.
很多动物都处于危险中，因此我们应该注意野生动植物的保护。
4．If we don't take action to protect wildlife, they will die out some day.
如果我们不采取行动保护野生动物，有朝一日它们将全部消亡。
5．People's overhunting resulted in some animals' dying out.
人们的过度捕杀导致了一些动物的灭绝。
6．City expansion brings about both advantages and disadvantages.
城市的扩张同时带来了利和弊。
7．Only in this way can we live in harmony with the animals.
只有这样我们才能与动物和谐相处。