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Unit 2课时跟踪检测（二） Warming Up & Reading — Language
Points
Ⅰ.单词拼写或用所给单词的正确形式填空
1．For them, playing well and winning are often life and death affairs (事情)．
2．It is required that children under 14 should be accompanied (陪伴) by an adult.
3．All the audience felt sympathy_(同情) for the disabled girl who lost her parents in an accident.
4．The weather last summer was awful (糟透的)．
5．There is no need for you to envy (羡慕) your friend's wealth, because wealth doesn't mean happiness.
6．To our satisfaction (satisfy), the disabled have easy access to any parts of the new theatre.
7．Alarmed (alarm) by the noise, the birds flew away in all directions.
8．The young lady dressed elegantly (elegant) when she went to work.
9．It's not one of my favourite (favour) forms of music.
10．We read the declaration (declare) posted on the bulletin board.
Ⅱ.选词填空
ring up， reach for， test out， leave sb. alone， or rather， turn around， in favour of
1．I reached_for the salt, but knocked over a bottle of wine.
2．He went home very late last night, or_rather,_in the early hours this morning.
3．Some women especially enjoy passers by turning_around to see them.
4．My classmate rang me up saying that the school football team had had three victories this month against other schools.
5．This model had been tested_out before it was put into production.
6．Her only fear was that her little son would be left_alone in the world in case something happened to her.
7．In our city, almost everyone is in_favour_of bringing down the housing price because it is too high for them to buy one.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．He had_his_right_foot_injured while playing football.
踢足球时，他的右脚受伤了。
2．There_stands_an_old_pine_tree_in front of our classroom.
我们教室前有一棵老松树。
3．To_our_satisfaction,_most of us have realized the importance of living in harmony with nature.
让我们满意的是，我们中的大部分人已经意识到了同大自然和谐相处的重要性。
4．I have/feel_no_sympathy_for Jane; it's all her own fault.
我不同情简，那都是她自己的错。
5．Could you do_me_a_favour and keep an eye on my luggage
你能帮我照看一下我的行李吗？
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
Joseph Frederick Engelberger, the father of robotics, was born on July 26, 1925, in Brooklyn. He received his BS. in physics in 1946, and M．S. in Electric Engineering in 1949 from Columbia University. He worked as an engineer with Manning, Maxwell and Moore, and then he met George Devol at a party in 1956, two years after Devol had designed and patented an industrial robotic arm. However, Manning, Maxwell and Moore was sold and Engelberger's division was closed that year.
Finding himself jobless but with a business partner and an idea, Engelberger co founded Unimation with Devol, creating the world's first robotics company. And the introduction of robotics to the manufacturing process effectively transformed the automotive industry. Over the next two decades, the Japanese took the lead by investing heavily in robots to replace people performing certain tasks. In Japan, Engelberger was widely described as a key player in the postwar ascendancy (支配地位) of Japanese manufacturing quality and efficiency.
After observing the help his aging parents needed, Engelberger saw the robotics automation could be used in the medical field. In 1984, Engelberger founded Transitions Research Corporation (TRC). He introduced the HelpMate and hoped to kick start a new industry for in home robots, but he started in 1988 by selling his first HelpMate to Danbury Hospital.The medical robot was successful enough that the hospital ended up purchasing another, and within a decade, well over 100 hospitals worldwide operated HelpMates.
After Engelberger was awarded the Japan Prize in 1997, Senator Joseph Lieberman delivered a speech in the U．S. senate in praise and recognition of the inventor, calling the HelpMate “an example of the way that the federal investment in science and technology for patients can lead to new products that employ Americans and make for a better quality of life”．
Engelberger liked working. So even after he got into his 80s, he remained active in the promotion and development of robots for use in elderly care. He died on December 1, 2015, in Newtown, a little more than four months after celebrating his 90th birthday.
语篇解读：本文是一篇人物传记，主要介绍了机器人之父Joseph Frederick Engelberger的生平。
1．Which statement about Engelberger may the author agree with
A．He was most popular among the Japanese.
B．He finished his higher education in his twenties.
C．He had great admiration for Devol as an inventor.
D．He and Devol invented the first robotic arm together.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Joseph Frederick Engelberger, the father of robotics, was born on July 26, 1925”和“He received his BS. in physics in 1946, and M．S. in Electric Engineering in 1949 from Columbia University”可知，Engelberger 21岁时获得物理学学士学位，24岁时获得电气工程硕士学位，即他在二十多岁时完成了他的高等教育。故选B。
2．What motivated Engelberger to set up TRC
A．His desire to gain wide acceptance.
B．The success of founding Unimation.
C．The challenge from other companies.
D．His parents' demanding aid from others.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After observing the help his aging parents needed ... Engelberger founded Transitions Research Corporation (TRC)”可知，Engelberger年迈的父母需要别人帮助的事实激发了他建立TRC。故选D。
3．What's Lieberman's attitude toward HelpMate
A．Concerned. B．Doubtful.
C．Positive. D．Opposed.
解析：选C 观点态度题。根据第四段中的“an example of the way that the federal investment in science and technology for patients can lead to new products that employ Americans and make for a better quality of life”可知，Lieberman认为HelpMate有助于开发新产品，提高人们的生活质量，也就是说他对HelpMate持支持的态度。故选C。
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．The home of robots — Unimation
B．The father of robotics — Engelberger
C．The strong personality Engelberger had
D．The great contribution Engelberger made to medicine
解析：选B 标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了机器人之父Joseph Frederick Engelberger的生平，故选B。
B
WATERLOO, Iowa — A 99?year?old Iowa woman who dropped out of a high school more than 80 years ago despite needing only one credit to graduate has finally received her diploma.
Audrey Crabtree, of Cedar Falls, smiled Monday as she received an honorary diploma for her time at Waterloo East High School.
“And I feel so much smarter，” Crabtree said humorously.
Crabtree, who began her education at a one?room school house in northeast Iowa, left high school in 1932 due to a swimming and diving accident that forced her to miss several school days. She also had to care for her sick grandmother.
“I was a senior, but I was short of a credit, so I would have had to go back the next fall，” she told the Waterloo Cedar Falls Courier.
That would have interfered (冲突) with her plans to marry her first husband. In 1957, the couple bought the flower shop where Crabtree had worked after their two children started school. But her husband died of a heart attack several years later.
Crabtree operated Flowers by Audrey for 28 years. She married two more times and outlived both husbands. Her family today includes five grandchildren and four great grandchildren.
Despite Crabtree's professional and family success, those around her had noted her dissatisfaction with not finishing school.
“She had voiced quite a while back the one regret she had in life was that she never had gotten her diploma，” said Shelley Hoffman, Crabtree's granddaughter.
Hoffman contacted Waterloo Community Schools and helped arrange the diploma ceremony.
Family and friends surrounded Crabtree as the current principal of East High handed her a diploma during an education board meeting.
“I wouldn't advise anyone to drop out，” she said.
Crabtree was given a copy of her last report card and memorabilia from her time at the high school, including a jacket and homecoming pins. She also received more than 100 handmade congratulatory cards from middle school students.
语篇解读：本文主要讲述了一位99岁的老太太最终得到了自己的高中毕业证书。
5．After receiving the diploma, Crabtree would feel ________.
A．lucky B．hopeful
C．delighted D．confident
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“smiled”及第三段中的“feel so much smarter”可知，获取高中毕业证书弥补了自己的一个遗憾，她应该很高兴。
6．Crabtree didn't go back to school the next fall because ________.
A．she had an accident
B．she failed the exams
C．she had to get married
D．she was tired of learning
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第五、六段可知，Crabtree没有继续学业是因为她要结婚。
7．We can learn from the text that Crabtree ________.
A．has a large family
B．has two short marriages
C．still runs the flower shop
D．was seriously hurt in the 1932 accident
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第七段中的“Her family today includes five grandchildren and four great grandchildren”可知，她有个大家庭。
8．According to Shelley Hoffman, Crabtree ________.
A．was in good health
B．succeeded in business
C．was satisfied with her life
D．regretted leaving school without a diploma
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第九段中的“She had voiced quite a while back the one regret she had in life was that she never had gotten her diploma.”可知。
Ⅴ.阅读七选五
Protect Your Eyes from the Computer
If you use the computer frequently, you may be causing damage to your eyes because of the constant staring at the screen. __1__ There are many things you can do to avoid permanent damage to your eyes.
The most important thing is to take frequent breaks. Get up and leave your computer work station for a few minutes every hour or so. __2__ Next, take the time to look away from the screen every ten minutes for just a few seconds. Every half an hour or so, you should take a full minute to rest your eyes by closing them. Just a short break will really help refresh tired eyes.
__3__ Take a look around your office. Is there too much bright sunlight through the windows Make sure the window blinds are positioned correctly to keep out of bright morning or afternoon sun. You may move your desk to another location in the office if you can't keep the sun from being reflected in your screen. Is your screen the only light in a dark room Buy a good desk lamp. If there is no other light source, your eyes will work harder when you are using the computer. __4__
Finally, take the time to do eye exercises to strengthen your eyes. These simple exercises will help prevent the damage of heavy computer use. Each exercise should be done for ten seconds. First, look up as far as you can without moving your head. Then look down without moving your head. Next, shut your eyes tightly. __5__ Then, look to the right. Finally, roll your eyes clockwise and then counterclockwise. If you repeat these exercises once a day, you can actually avoid the damage to your eyesight that was caused by heavy computer use.
A．After you open your eyes, look as far as you can to the left, using only your eyes.
B．However, you don't need to stop using your computer.
C．If so, they will be completely focused on the screen.
D．Proper light is another important way to protect your eyes.
E．Your eyes will be doing a completely different type of work.
F．Next, make sure you are wearing proper glasses.
G．Ideally, you should have a gentle and not too bright screen to stare at.
答案：1～5 BEDCA
Ⅵ.课时微写作(根据汉语提示完成下面小作文)
John has a gift for singing. He 1.desires_to_be (渴望成为) a singer. However, his father isn't 2.in_favour_of (支持) his thought while his mother believes 3.it's_certain_that (肯定) he will be successful and get the achievement 4.to_be_envied_by_others (让别人羡慕). She 5._accompanies (陪伴) him to all kinds of music talent shows. 6.Now_comes_a_good_chance (现在有了一次好机会) for them. The success seems to be around the corner.PAGE
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Unit 2课时跟踪检测（三） Learning about Language & Using
Language
Ⅰ.单词拼写或用所给单词的正确形式填空
1．As students, we are supposed to obey (遵守) the school rules.
2．His father has a small factory with a staff (员工) of just over one hundred.
3．The couple quarreled a lot and eventually ended in divorce (离婚)．
4．She has a great affection (感情) for her hometown.
5．She is proud that her child has a talent (天赋) for music.
6．He made a careful assessment (assess) of the present situation in this area.
7．It is said these books are designed to develop the imagination (imagine) of the children.
8．For those who design things, these are not just theoretical (theory) questions.
9．Everybody said Jane was a talented (talent) girl because she did well in all her subjects.
10．Molly is more of a giver than a receiver (receive)．
Ⅱ.选词填空
as a result of， in all， at one time， set aside， take ... seriously， be bound to， after all
1.She liked the novel so much that she set aside her homework and began to read it.
2．He visited, in all, ten hospitals in China.
3．Jenny nearly missed the flight as a result of doing too much shopping.
4．There was a temple on the hill at one time.
5．If you don't take your study seriously, you will fail in the coming exam.
6．We know that we Chinese people are bound to win the battle against the present severe smog with the help of our government.
7．Don't be too hard on him. After all, he is only 6 years old.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．This hospital is attached to the medical college nearby.
这家医院附属于附近的那所医学院。
2．My sister showed a talent/gift for literature when she was very young.
我妹妹很小的时候就表现出文学方面的才能。
3．My elder sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month.
上个月，我姐姐的钱包在公共汽车上被偷了。
4．Having worked for just two weeks, he is junior to those who have been in the company for a long time.
由于刚刚工作了两周，对于那些在公司工作了很长时间的人来说他资历尚浅。
5．We live in an age when more information is available with greater ease than ever before.
在我们生活的这个时代，有更多的信息可以比以往任何时候都更加容易获得。
Ⅳ.完形填空
Iyehezkiel Parudani lost his eyesight at age six from chicken pox (水痘). He now teaches English to blind and visually impaired students at the Pajajaran Special School in the city of Bandung. Iyehezkiel Parudani says 1 English can help 2 people feel better about themselves and find jobs.
“ 3 learning English, they can be an English teacher. They can be an interpreter. They can be a translator, and also they can be a tourist 4 .”
Students read using Braille (布拉耶盲文), a writing system in which letters are 5 by a series of raised dots. To 6 ， students use special tools: a slate (写字板) and stylus (触针)．
He says blind people should not let their 7 limitations affect their dreams. In 2008, the Ford Foundation gave him a two year scholarship to study at the University of Texas. There, he 8 a Master's degree in curriculum development. He wants his students to learn English so they also can 9 overseas.
“In the US everything is 10 . If I go to the university to study, everything is available — like E book, Braille book. Here in Indonesia, you know, it's 11 to find a reference book in E book or in Braille. We have to make it 12 . But when I was in the US, all books, references I 13 are available in the library ... I can easily move wherever I want because everything designed really accessible for people 14 blindness.”
Eha Lestari was one of Iyehezkiel Parudani's star students. She is almost completely blind from an eye cataract (白内障) she suffered 15 she was four years old. She says learning English has 16 her life.
“I study English 17 I love English very much. I want to be an interpreter. It's one of my 18 ， so that's why I want to learn English. If I am a(n) 19 ， I can go to the other countries and then I can 20 many people from all over the world.”
语篇解读：本文是记叙文。6岁失明的Iyehezkiel Parudani现在是一名英语教师，他通过自己的经历让学生们知道盲人能够通过学英语而找到合适的工作，本文还谈到了他对未来美好的憧憬。
1．A.translating B．learning
C．speaking D．hearing
解析：选B 根据第二段中的“learning English”可以得出答案是learning。
2．A.dumb B．deaf
C．stupid D．blind
解析：选D 根据第一段中“blind and visually impaired students”可以推断应该是blind people“盲人”。
3．A.In B．With
C．By D．At
解析：选C by doing sth.“通过做某事”，by表示方式、手段。
4．A.teacher B．boss
C．guide D．reporter
解析：选C tourist guide意为“导游”。
5．A.represented B．written
C．printed D．published
解析：选A 根据常识，布拉耶盲文中没有字母，而是用突起的点来代表字母。represent“代表”，符合语境。
6．A.listen B．speak
C．read D．write
解析：选D 根据后面的“a slate (写字板) and stylus (触针)”可以得知是write“写”。
7．A.mental B．psychological
C．physical D．chemical
解析：选C 盲人看不见东西应该是身体方面的限制，physical“身体的”。mental“精神的”；psychological“心理的”；chemical“化学的”，不符合语境。
8．A.refused B．earned
C．accepted D．attempted
解析：选B earn a Master's degree“获得硕士学位”。
9．A.live B．study
C．travel D．develop
解析：选B 根据上文“In 2008, the Ford Foundation gave him a two year scholarship to study at the University of Texas”可知，Iyehezkiel Parudani获得了福特基金会两年的奖学金到美国的得克萨斯大学去学习。所以可推断出他希望自己的学生也能到国外去学习。
10．A.accessible B．allergic
C．inconvenient D．expensive
解析：选A 根据下文中available的提示，可知accessible“可接近的，可进入的”符合文章语境。
11．A.difficult B．easy
C．different D．safe
解析：选A 这句话与上一句形成了对比。在美国一切都是很容易得到的，而在印度尼西亚，找到一本参考书是很难的。所以选择difficult“困难的”。
12．A.yourself B．themselves
C．ourselves D．himself
解析：选C 句意：我们必须自己制作参考资料。
13．A.may B．can
C．need D．must
解析：选C 句意：但是当我在美国的时候，所有的书，包括我需要的参考书都是可以在图书馆找到的。need在这里是实义动词“需要”而不是情态动词。
14．A.on B．in
C．with D．for
解析：选C with表示伴随，意为“带有”。
15．A.when B．if
C．until D．once
解析：选A 句意：当她4岁的时候，她因为患了白内障而几乎完全失明。when引导时间状语从句。
16．A.made B．changed
C．conquered D．led
解析：选B 根据上下文的语境，应该是学习英语改变了她的生活。
17．A.so B．while
C．when D．because
解析：选D 学习英语和后面的喜欢英语是因果关系，所以选择because。
18．A.dreams B．competitions
C．discussions D．contests
解析：选A 根据句子“I want to be an interpreter”和“so that's why I want to learn English”可知，当一个口译者是她的梦想。
19．A.interpreter B．translator
C．manager D．official
解析：选A 根据前面句子“I want to be an interpreter”可知选择interpreter“口译者”。
20．A.see B．meet
C．find D．learn
解析：选B 句意：如果我成为口译者，我就能去别的国家，见到很多世界各地的人。meet“遇见”符合语境。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
Robots performing tasks according to a predetermined set of instructions are nothing new. But robots able to learn how to cook by watching videos are a completely different approach, which is conducted by a group of researchers at the University of Maryland.
If you have posted a video of your favorite recipe on the popular website YouTube, chances are that it will be used by a robot. University of Maryland's professor Yiannis Aloimonos, leader of the group, said “There exists a large amount of video information on the Internet that our robots can capitalize on.”
“At present, the videos are fed electronically，” said research scientist Cornelia Fermuller.“Originally, we took our own videos, our cameras looking at us doing the cooking，” she explained.“And, as the robot advances, it reacts to good quality videos. And it will react to even lower quality home made videos.”
So far, the robot named Julia can make a simple salad by breaking each task into basic parts, such as grasping a spoon, bringing it to the bowl, stirring the salad and observing the results.
But why teach a robot how to understand a video when it can easily follow a fixed program Aloimonos believes predetermined instructions lack flexibility. He thinks one of the problems is how to make the robot understand and use what it learns during a certain task, the so called feedback (反馈意见); another is the introduction of language.
“I believe it will take quite some time before the robots are able to understand metaphorical (比喻性的) language，” he added.“But，” he said, we don't need that to create a new world where the robots will be working for us.”
语篇解读：机器人按既定指令完成任务并不让人觉得新鲜，但能看着视频学做饭的机器人，你可能前所未闻。
1．The underlined phrase “capitalize on” probably can be replaced by “ ”．
A．take hold of B．make use of
C．keep track of D．catch sight of
解析：选B 词义猜测题。由第二段的第一句“If you have posted a video of your favorite recipe on the popular website YouTube, chances are that it will be used by a robot”可知，机器人能利用网上大量的视频信息。结合第二段的最后一句可知，capitalize on应与“use”意思相近，因此选择B项。take hold of“握住”；make use of“利用”；keep track of“与……保持联系”；catch sight of“看到”。
2．Aloimonos probably agrees that at present the robot .
A．can not fully digest what it learns
B．can not make a simple salad
C．can follow home made videos
D．can understand metaphorical language
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据最后一段Aloimonos的话可知，该机器人目前还不能理解比喻性的语言。根据倒数第二段的最后一句可推知，Aloimonos可能认为目前该机器人还不能完全消化它学的东西，应选择A项。
3．Robots are taught to understand a video mainly because .
A．they can easily follow fixed programs
B．they are smart enough to learn cooking
C．cooking videos are more interesting to watch
D．predetermined instructions are not flexible
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的前两句“But why teach a robot ... a fixed program Aloimonos believes predetermined instructions lack flexibility”可知，教机器人理解视频是因为预定指令不够灵活，应选择D项。
4．Which of the following might best serve as the title of the passage
A．Robots Creating a New World
B．Robots Making Cooking Videos
C．Robots Learning to Cook by Watching Videos
D．Robots Performing Tasks by Following Instructions
解析：选C 标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了通过观看视频学做饭的机器人，因此C项是最佳标题。
B
Ray Tomlinson, the programmer known for sending the world's first modern email who is responsible for the use of the @ symbol in electronic communications, has died at the age of 74.
Tomlinson wrote a program in 1971 that allowed messages to be exchanged between different computers on the ArpaNet, the precursor (前身) to the Internet. Electronic messages had previously only been exchanged between people using the same mainframe (主机) machine.
The programmer said the first email sent was an unimportant test message, probably containing something along the lines of “QWERTYUIOP”．
At the time of his invention, Tomlinson was researching possible uses for the ArpaNet, the US military network that formed the basis of the Internet, and was particularly interested in improving ArpaNet's “mailbox” function, which allowed users to send messages to numbered mailboxes.
To solve this problem Tomlinson wrote a file transfer (传输) program that allowed a message to be delivered electronically to a separate computer through ArpaNet.
Tomlinson also came up with the idea of using the “@” symbol to separate the name of the receiver from the name of the host, creating the standard still used today. In spite of a history of more than four decades, Tomlinson said email had not changed much since its invention.
Born in New York State, Tomlinson studied electrical engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic and then earned his masters at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He joined Bolt, Beranek, and Newman in 1967 in Massachusetts, and stayed there the rest of his life. BBN was later acquired by Raytheon and known as Raytheon BBN.
“It is with great sadness we acknowledge the passing of our colleague and friend，” Ratheon said in a statement. “A true technology pioneer ... his work changed the way the world communicates.”
语篇解读：本文主要介绍了电子邮件之父Ray Tomlinson的生平事迹。
5．What did Tomlinson use the “@” symbol for
A．To make the email obvious.
B．To separate the name of the receiver from the name of the host.
C．To show the email important.
D．To print out the message.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据文章第六段中“using the ‘@’ symbol to separate the name of the receiver from the name of the host”可知B项正确。
6．Which of the following shows the right order of Tomlinson's life experience
a．He joined Bolt, Beranek, and Newman.
b．He earned his masters at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
c．He studied electrical engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic.
d．He wrote an important program.
A．c→b→a→d Bb→c→a→d
C．a→c→b→d D．a→b→c→d
解析：选A 细节排序题。根据文章第二段可知他在1971年写的程序，第七段中讲他先攻读电子工程，后来获得硕士学位，然后加入BBN，由此可知A项正确。
7．What can be learned from the passage
A．The first email sent was an important test message.
B．Before 1971, electronic messages could be exchanged between different computers.
C．Ray Tomlinson's colleagues sang highly of his contribution to communication.
D．Email has changed much since its invention.
解析：选C 推理判断题。文章最后一段中讲到他的同事认为Tomlinson是一名真正的技术先驱，改变了世界的沟通方式，由此可推断他的同事们对他有着很高的评价。
8．What's the best title of the passage
A．Email Is Important
B．The Development of Email
C．The Function of Email
D．The Father of Email Died
解析：选D 标题归纳题。通读文章可知，第一段为主题段。本文的主旨是“发出世界上第一封现代电子邮件的程序员Ray Tomlinson去世了”，故D项符合本文主题。PAGE
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Unit 2课时跟踪检测（一） Warming Up & Reading — Pre-reading
阅读理解
A
School's out. It's been a long day, so you head home to relax. You're greeted by a friend who's happy to see you, listens to you talk about recess, tells you a new joke, helps you put away your school stuff (东西), and reminds you to text your cousin happy birthday. And that's before he helps you with your homework.
This is your future, and it all starts with a knee high robot called NAO (pronounced NOW). It kind of looks like you, walks and dances, listens and talks, and even learns and thinks for itself. Its creators predict that the state of the art robot could be a companion at home by the year 2040.
This $16,000 robot recognizes human facial features, so it knows who you are. NAO can even express emotions. It represents the new generation of “autonomous” — or self guided robots. These robots can sense, think, and act. Other robots might do two out of the three. For example, a robot might sense things using cameras and think using computers, but with no arms, wheels, or claws, it can't act. Other robots can move and sense things, but can't think for themselves. These aren't self guided robots. But NAO can do it all.
“You can program your computer to give NAO what could be called personality，” says Natanel Dukan of Aldebaran Robotics, the French company that built NAO. The robot has cute, childlike features — a high voice, small body, big eyes, and a large head.“There are things that are known to have an emotional appeal to people，” robot expert Dan Kara says，“NAO's friendly design helps in one of NAO's main functions — to teach people how useful personal robots can be. Someday it may help you pass a test！”
语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一款新型的机器人。
1．What do we know about NAO from the first two paragraphs
A．It is as tall as humans.
B．It is highly intelligent.
C．It is widely used in schools now.
D．It is designed to help with the housework.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“You're greeted by a friend ... before he helps you with your homework”及第二段中的“It kind of looks like you, walks and dances, listens and talks, and even learns and thinks for itself”可知，这是一款智能化程度很高的机器人。
2．The author develops the third paragraph mainly ________.
A．by cause and effect B．by order in time
C．by comparison D．by process
解析：选C 写作手法题。根据第三段中的“These robots”， “Other robots”可知，本段主要是把新型机器人与以往的机器人作比较，故选C项。
3．According to Dan Kara, NAO is________.
A．silent B．low cost
C．lightweight D．user friendly
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据末段中的“have an emotional appeal to people”及“NAO's friendly design”可知，这款机器人设计得很人性化。
B
Hollywood's theory that machines with evil (邪恶) minds will drive armies of killer robots is just silly.The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence (AI) may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want.In 1960 a well known mathematician Norbert Wiener, who founded the field of cybernetics (控制论), put it this way: “If we use, to achieve our purposes, a mechanical agency with whose operation we cannot effectively interfere (干预), we had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire.”
A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence.For the machine, this quality is not in born, nor is it something introduced by humans; it is a logical consequence of the simple fact that the machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead.So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching coffee, it will have a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with its task.If we are not careful, then, we could face a kind of global chess match against very determined, super intelligent machines whose objectives conflict with our own, with the real world as the chessboard.
The possibility of entering into and losing such a match should concentrate the minds of computer scientists.Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall, using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world.Unfortunately, that plan seems unlikely to work: we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines.
Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy.There are probably decades in which to plan for the arrival of super intelligent machines.But the problem should not be dismissed out of hand, as it has been by some AI researchers.Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teams — yet that is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans.Others say we can just “switch them off” as if super intelligent machines are too stupid to think of that possibility.Still others think that super intelligent AI will never happen.On September 11, 1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated, with confidence, “Anyone who expects a source of power in the transformation of these atoms is talking moonshine.” However, on September 12, 1933, physicist Leo Szilard invented the neutron induced (中子诱导的) nuclear chain reaction.
语篇解读：本文主要介绍了人工智能给我们的生活带来的影响。
4．Paragraph 1 mainly tells us that artificial intelligence may ________.
A．run out of human control
B．satisfy human's real desires
C．command armies of killer robots
D．work faster than a mathematician
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第一段“The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence(AI) may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want.”可知AI可能会超出人的控制去做一些事情，故选A。
5．According to some researchers, we can use firewalls to ________.
A．help super intelligent machines work better
B．be secure against evil human beings
C．keep machines from being harmed
D．avoid robots' affecting the world
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第三段中“using them to answer ...real world”可知可以用防火墙来解决那些困难的问题但是却永远不让它们影响这个真正的现实世界。故选D。
6．What does the author think of the safety problem of super intelligent machines
A．It will disappear with the development of AI.
B．It will get worse with human interference.
C．It will be solved but with difficulty.
D．It will stay for a decade.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Solving the safety problem ... but not easy”可知作者认为解决人工智能机器的安全问题是可能的，但是并不容易，也就是有困难。故选C。
C
The Production Department can be a fun place to work in a TV station. It can also be quite stressful if the station broadcasts a significant amount of interesting positions in this department. Here is a list of the core ones：
The Production Manager heads the department, and is the person to contact if you are interested in working in this area. He or she oversees all activities in the studios, hires and fires workers, meets with customers who want to produce an advertisement, and monitors expense budgets for the department. The person in this position may also sometimes act as a Director, Producer, Camera Operator, or any other role in which they are proficient.
Directors lead the crew during a production session. Over a headset, the Director tells Camera Operators what shots to get and the Technical Director (TD) what audio and video to put on the air. Directors work closely with the Producer of each program, ensuring that the final product meets with the Producer's demands.
A Technical Director is a master at “punching” up the correct video source. In other words, if the Director calls for camera one, the Technical Director puts camera one on the air. The TD sits in front of a massive board called a “switcher” during production sessions, which allows him or her to literally switch between video sources. Since this can be a high pressure, fast moving job, the best Technical Directors are people who can stay even tempered and in control.
The Stage Manager is responsible for everything that goes on in the television studio. This person makes sure all of the equipment is in good working order, oversees the building and placement of all staging, and may even set the lighting for all productions. Really efficient Stage Managers take pride in their studios, and it would not be unusual to see this person sweeping the floor or cleaning the sets between productions. This is a leadership position, which often leads to promotion to the position of Production Manager.
语篇解读：本文介绍了电视台制作部的几个工作岗位。
7．According to the writer, working in the Production Department ________.
A．is an interesting experience
B．is always very stressful
C．needs much professional knowledge
D．is the best choice to work in a TV station
解析：选A 细节理解题。从第一段的“The Production Department can be a fun place to work in a TV station. It can also be quite stressful if ...”可知答案。
8．The Production Manager ________.
A．seldom takes part in producing programs
B．is also called “Producer”
C．usually trains new workers in person
D．is responsible to deal with advertisers
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第二段的“He or she oversees all activities in the studios ... meets with customers who want to produce an advertisement”可知D项正确。
9．The Stage Manager ________.
A．is a poorly paid job
B．mainly cleans the studio
C．is a good position
D．often meets the Production Manager
解析：选C 推理判断题。从最后一段的“This is a leadership position, which often leads to promotion to the position of Production Manager.”可知C项正确。
10．The passage was written mainly to ________.
A．show how the TV station works
B．attracts advertisers for a TV station
C．persuade people to learn to be a director
D．introduce jobs in the Production Department
解析：选D 写作意图题。文章的主要目的是介绍电视台制作部的几个工作岗位。
