语法精析第一讲名词

课件86张PPT。第二篇　语法精析·强化训练
第一讲　名　词一、单项选择
1．It's a good ________ to have breakfast every morning.
A．hobby B．job C．menu D．skill
解析：考查名词词义辨析。hobby“习惯，嗜好，爱好”；job“工作”；menu“菜单”；skill“技能”。句意为“每天早晨吃早饭是一个好习惯”。故选A。
答案：A
2．(2013·滨州)—Do you think the__________ of this skirt suits me?
—Of course! You always look beautiful in red.
A．size B．design C．price D．color
解析：考查名词词义辨析。size“尺寸”；design“设计”；price“价格”；color“颜色”。由答语“当然了！你穿红色衣服总是很漂亮。”可知选D。
答案：D
3．—Why didn't Sally play the violin at the concert last night?
—She said that her hand hurt, but that was only a(n) ________. I saw her play tennis just now.
A．matter B．excuse
C．result D．expression解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意为“她说她的手受伤了，但这只是一个借口，我刚刚看见她打网球了”。excuse“借口”，符合语境。故选B。
答案：B
4．(2013·德州)A/An__________ can use his drawings to tell about beautiful mountains, the blue sea and many other things.
A．actor B．scientist C．artist D．doctor
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意为“画家能用他的绘画作品来描绘美丽的高山，蓝色的大海以及许多其他的东西”。actor“演员”；scientist“科学家”；artist“画家”；doctor“医生”。故选C。
答案：C5．(2013·泰安)The food safety is a serious__________ in our country. We should try to solve it.
A．subject B．program
C．problem D．opinion
解析：考查名词词义辨析。subject“科目”；program“节目”；problem“问题”；opinion“观点”。由句意可知应该选C。
答案：C6．—Mrs Black, could you give me some advice on how to write an application letter?
—With pleasure.Remember that the letter should be written in the formal ________.
A．value B．style C．effect D．mood
解析：考查名词词义辨析。value“益处，价值”；style“风格，文体”；effect“影响，效果”；mood“情绪，心情”。由语境知“写申请信应用正式文体”。
答案：B7．If by any chance Peter comes to us, please ask him to leave a ________.
A．letter B．sentence
C．message D．notice
解析：考查名词词义辨析。由“If by any chance Peter comes to us”可知，要Peter留言，故选C，leave a message“留言”。
答案：C
8．(2013·重庆)—Excuse me, where did you get the book?
—I borrowed it from the__________.
A．cinema B．library C．park D．station
解析：考查名词词义辨析。cinema“电影院”；library“图书馆”；park“公园”；station“车站”。根据句意“从图书馆借书”可以判断用library。故选B。
答案：B9．(2013·雅安)David visited lots of__________ in the world.
A．places of interesting B．places of interest
C．place of interests D．place of interesting
解析：考查lots of的用法和固定短语。lots of 意为“许多”，可修饰不可数名词和复数名词，place是可数名词，可排除C、D两项；place of interest意为“名胜”，是固定短语，故选B。
答案：B10．(2013·黔西南)—How many__________ are there in your school?
—Twenty.
A．woman teachers B．woman teacher
C．women teacher D．women teachers
解析：考查名词作定语。man和woman作定语时修饰词和被修饰词都要用复数形式。故选D。
答案：D二、根据句意及所给首字母或汉语意思补全单词(10分)
1．A c ________ is a piece of equipment used for taking photographs.
答案：camera
2．(2013·宁夏)The girl picked up some fallen __________(树叶) from the ground.
答案：leaves
3．(2013·荆门)She has never made so many m__________ in answering such easy questions.
答案：mistakes
4．(2013·黄石)He has some t__________ understanding what his teacher says because of his poor English.
答案：trouble
5．I really like sports. I want to join a sports c ________.
答案：club6．(2013·南京)Where are you going to put your__________(自行车)？It's so crowded here.
答案：bike/bicycle
7．(2013·雅安)The ______________(电影) starts at nine o'clock.
答案：film/movie
8．The young man found it difficult to have dinner because some of his ____________(牙齿) had been pulled out.
答案：teeth
9．(2013·滨州)Before you take the medicine, you'd better read the ____________(说明) first.
答案：instructions
10．Just now we did an __________________(实验) in the laboratory.
答案：experiment
强化训练 1 名词 一、单项填空
1．(2013·苏州)I am sure Cindy will be able to find the hotel－she has a pretty good________of direction.
A．idea B．feeling
C．experience D．sense解析：考查名词词义辨析。idea“主意，想法”；feeling“感情”；experience“经验，经历”；sense“感觉”。a pretty good sense of direction表示“相当好的方向感”。故选D。
答案：D
2．(2013·包头)This kind of suit will be sold for $600, which is far more than its real________.
A．value B．cost C．money D．price
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意为“这款衣服将会卖到六百美元，这远远超出它的实际价值”。value“价值”；cost“花费”；money“金钱”；price“价格”。由句意可知选A。
答案：A 3．Looking after children is not only ________ work, men should also do it.
A．woman's B．women
C．womens‘　 D．women's
解析：考查名词所有格。由后半句“men”可知，此空要用复数形式，排除A；women的名词所有格形式是women's，故选D。
答案：D4．(2013·德州)The people who are more confident have more________ to make themselves successful.
A．education B．chances
C．pride D．excuses
解析：考查名词词义辨析。education“教育”；chance“机会”；pride“自豪”；excuse“借口，理由”。由句意可知选B。
答案：B5．(2013·广东)—Mum, I've heard that we can't eat________ these days. Is it true?
—Take it easy. It is safe to eat cooked meat.
A．chicken B．chickens
C．a chicken D．the chicken
解析：考查名词的用法。chicken有两个含义，意为“小鸡”时为可数名词，意为“鸡肉”时为不可数名词。由句意可知选A项。
答案：A6．(2013·潍坊)—How far is your home from school?
—It's about two ________ walk.
A．hours B．hours' C．hour's D．hour
解析：考查名词所有格。句意为“你家离学校多远？”“大约两个小时的步行路程。”由句意可知，此处应使用名词所有格形式。hour是可数名词，在基数词two后应使用复数形式hours，以s结尾的复数名词的所有格直接在词尾加“'”构成。故选B。
答案：B7．(2013·安徽)—What is Miss Gao's favourite ______？
—She is always in pink. Don't you know?
A．colour B．book C．song D．movie
解析：考查名词词义辨析。colour“颜色”；book“书”；song“歌曲”；movie“电影”。由答语中的“She is always in pink.(她总是穿粉色的衣服)”可知问句句意应为“高老师最喜欢的颜色是什么？”故选A。
答案：A8．(2013·南京)Mr White, the principal, has made a great ________ to the growth of the school.
A．contribution B．progress
C．invention D．protection
解析：考查名词词义辨析。contribution“贡献”；progress“进步”；invention“发明”；protection“保护”。make a contribution to...是固定短语，意为“对……做出贡献”。句意为“怀特先生，(学校的)校长，为学校的发展做出了很大贡献”。
答案：A9．(2013·菏泽)If you want to get more information about English learning, please visit our ________：www.yyxx.com.
A．company B．store
C．office D．website解析：考查名词词义辨析。company“公司”；store“商店”；office“办公室”；website“网站”。www. yyxx. com是一个网址，故D项符合题意。句意为“如果你想获得更多关于英语学习的信息，请登录我们的网站：www.yyxx.com”。
答案：D
10．(2013·江西)Lee is new in Nanchang. Maybe he needs a ________ for sightseeing.
A．watch B．ticket C．map D．notebook
解析：考查名词词义辨析。watch用作名词时，意为“手表”；ticket“票”；map“地图”；notebook“笔记本”。由前句句意“Lee刚来到南昌”推测后句句意为“他可能需要一张地图以备观光之需”，故选C。
答案：C11．(2013·济南)Tom is in good health, because he often exercises and eats a lot of healthy ________.
A．food B．water C．pear D．carrot
解析：考查名词词义辨析。根据生活常识可知，应吃健康的食物。food“食物”；water“水”；pear“梨”；carrot“胡萝卜”。故选A。
答案：A12．(2013·山西)More and more people would like to go on vacation abroad. They should remember to be ________ with good manners.
A．visitors B．players C．volunteers
解析：考查名词词义辨析。visitor“游客”；player“运动员”；volunteer“志愿者”。由上句动词短语go on vacation abroad(去国外度假)可知，此处指visitors。
答案：A13．(2013·黄冈)—Someone called you just now.
—I know. But I was busy at that moment. When I called back, there was no ________.
A．voice B．sound C．answer D．result
解析：考查名词词义辨析。由上句句意“刚才有人给你打电话了”可知，下句句意为“我知道。但是那个时候我很忙。我再打回去时，没人应答”。voice“嗓音”；sound“声音”；answer“回答，应答”；result意为“结果”。故选C。
答案：C14．(2013·天津)—Look at my stamps.
—They are beautiful! You've got a wonderful ________.
A．instruction B．description
C．collection D．expression
解析：考查名词词义辨析。instruction“说明；指令”；description“描述”；collection“收藏品”；expression“表达”。句意为“看看我的邮票。”“它们真漂亮！你有极好的收藏品。”此处用collection。故选C。
答案：C
15．(2013·贺州)Look at the man over there. He is ________ uncle.
A．Jim's and Tim's B．Jim's and Tim
C．Jim and Tim D．Jim and Tim's
解析：考查名词所有格。Jim's and Tim's表示吉姆和蒂姆各自的叔叔，后面要用复数名词；不存在Jim's and Tim这种表达法；Jim and Tim不可直接作定语；Jim and Tim's表示吉姆和蒂姆两人共同的叔叔，后用单数名词。故选D。
答案：D