备战2023年高考——英语语法填空之高考真题专练（8篇）（原卷板+解析版）

专练01 备战2023年高考——英语语法填空之高考真题专练（8篇）【解析版】
（一）
A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___1___ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___2___ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___3___ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. ___4___ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___5___ (protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___6___ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.In the last five years，Cao ___7___ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___8___ (high) mountain.Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers ___9___ Xi’an to Kashgar on September 20, ___10___ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
【答案详解】
to journey 考查非谓语动词。句意：最近，一名来自北京的盲人男子徒步40天到达西安，这是徒步“一带一路”的第一步。句中hiked是谓语动词，所给词journey是非谓语动词，在句中journey是动词，意为“旅行”。固定搭配：the first/second... to do sth.意为“做某事的第一、二......”，其中不定式作后置定语。故答案为to journey。
who 考查定语从句关系代词。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁因车祸失明的曹生康穿越了3个省的40个市县。分析句子结构可知，空白处所填词引导非限制性定语从句；the man Cao Shengkang作先行词，指人，非限制性定语从句缺少引导词和主语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，所以此处非限制性定语从句应该由关系代词who来引导。故答案为who。
held 考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步穿越这条路线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子结构可知，decided 是谓语动词，所给词hold是非谓语动词，且International Cooperation与hold之间是被动关系，此处是hold的过去分词held作后置定语。故答案为held。
A 考查不定冠词。句意：他的一个朋友吴凡(音译)自愿成为他的旅行伙伴。根据空后内容可知，句中只提到了他的一位朋友Wu Fan，且friend是以辅音音素开头的词，又位于句子开头，所以在friend前面用A，表示泛指“一位朋友”。故答案为A。
5.protection 考查名词。句意：为了促进环境保护，曹和吴还在路边收集垃圾。空前environmental是形容词，形容词修饰名词，所以该空要用protect的名词形式protection，且protection是不可数名词，无复数形式。故答案为protection。
6.meaningful考查形容词。句意：曹相信这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。固定搭配：make sb/sth+adj.表示“使得某人或某物……”，其中形容词作宾语补足语；此处meaning的形容词是meaningful“有意义的”，前面加more构成比较级。故答案为meaningful。
7.has walked 考查现在完成时。句意：在过去的五年里，曹走过了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他登上了非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山的山顶。根据空前In the last five years 可知，谓语动词用现在完成时，且句子主语Cao是单数第三人称形式，所以现在完成时中的助动词要用has。故答案为has walked。
8.highest 考查形容词最高级。句意：在过去的五年里，曹走过了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他登上了非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山的山顶。根据常识可知，该处说的乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高峰，所以这里要用形容词最高级，high的最高级是highest。故答案为highest。
9.from 考查介词。句意：9月20日，他从西安飞了4700公里到达喀什，计划在5个月内徒步返回西安。固定搭配：from…to…. 表示“从……到……”，此处表示“从西安到喀什”。故答案为from。
10.planning 考查非谓语动词。句意：9月20日，他从西安飞了4700公里到达喀什，计划在5个月内徒步返回西安。分析句子结构可知，句中flew是谓语动词，所给动词plan应该是非谓语动词，且句子主语He和plan是逻辑上的主动关系，所以是现在分词作伴随状语。故答案为planning。
【高考热点】
经常和现在完成时连用的时间状语：since（介词/连词），意为“自从......以来”，后跟表示过去的时间（介词）或表示过去的动作（连词，引导时间状语从句）；so far/up to now/until now，意为“直到......为止”；in/during/over the last/past few years，意为“在最近的几年里”；lately（副词），意为“近来，最近”；in recent years“在最近的几年里”。例如：Great changes ________（take）place in my hometown in the last ten years. 在最近的十年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。分析：动词短语take place“发生”，是不及物动词短语，无被动语态；根据时间状语in the last ten years“在最近的十年里”可知，句子用现在完成时，且主语changes是复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。故答案为have taken。
动词不定式作后置定语：（1）the way/the chance/the opportunity/the ability/the plan/the goal/the purpose...+to do，意为“做某事的......”，其中动词不定式作后置定语。（2）the first（second/third...last）...+to do，意为“做某事的第......”，其中不定式作后置定语。例如：He is the fourth boy______（enter）the office.他是第四个进入办公室的人。
形容词作宾语补足语：（1）find+宾语+宾语补足语（形容词）；（2）make+宾语+宾语补足语（形容词）；（3）keep+宾语+宾语补足语（形容词）。例如：I find it ______（difficulty）to finish the task in a short time.分析：句中it作形式宾语，动词不定式短语作真正的宾语，形容词作宾语补足语，difficulty的形容词是difficult。故答案为difficult。
visually-challenged（形容词）视觉受到挑战的；visual（形容词）视觉的——visually（副词）视觉地；challenge（名词/动词）挑战——challenging（形容词）富于挑战性的
believe（动词）“相信，认为”——belief（名词）“信念，信仰”，belief的复数形式是beliefs；relieve（动词）“缓解，减轻”——relief（名词）“缓解，减轻，宽慰”/to one’s relief“使某人欣慰的是”。
一组词性转换：
long（形容词），意为“长的”——length（名词），意为“长度”/at length最后，详细地——lengthen（动词），意为“加长，延长”；long（动词），意为“渴望”，long to do sth./long for sth./doing sth.，意为“渴望做某事”。
wide（形容词），意为“宽的”——width（名词），意为“宽度”——widen（动词），意为“加宽，拓宽”——widely（副词），意为“普遍地，广泛地”（抽象概念）。
high（形容词），意为“高的”——height（名词），意为“高度”——heighten（动词），意为“增高，加高”——highly（副词），意为“高度地”（抽象概念）/think highly of，意为“高度评价”。
deep（形容词），意为“深的”——depth（名词），意为“深度”——deepen（动词），意为“加深”——deeply（副词），意为“深深地”（抽象概念）。
（二）
May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially ___1___ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate ____2___ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___3___ (address) the opening ceremony. " As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ____4___ (large) tea-producing country, China has a ____5___ (responsible) to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a ____6___ (share) future for mankind,” he said.
The "First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative" issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation _____7____ cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotion-Tea Road Cooperative Plan-was also issued in accordance with the initiative.
_____8____ (strengthen) the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, _____9____ ( invite ) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening ____10____(it) first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth - A Special Exhibition of Pu'er Tea.
【答案详解】
by 考查介词。句意：今年的5月21日是第一个国际茶日，2019年11月27日联合国正式命名了这一节日。根据空前was named 可知，“被”联合国命名，was named by the United Nations，所以动作的执行者由介词by引出。故答案为by。
2. the 考查冠词。句意：为了庆祝这个节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。此处特指“国际茶日”，所以用定冠词the。故答案为the。
3. addressed 考查一般过去时。句意：中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society是句子主语，address为谓语动词，意为“演讲，向......讲话”，这里在描述过去发生的事情，所以句子用一般过去时。故答案为addressed。
4. largest 考查形容词最高级。句意：作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与世界各国一道，共同促进茶产业的健康发展。根据空前的the可知， 中国是世界上“最大”的茶叶生产国，所以这里用形容词最高级。故答案为largest。
5. responsibility 考查名词。句意：作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与世界各国一道，共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词用在名词前面，根据空前的a可知，这里用名词，作谓语动词has的宾语；所给词responsible是形容词，其名词是 responsibility。故答案为 responsibility。
6. shared 考查非谓语动词。句意：推动构建人类命运共同体。空后的future和动词share之间是被动关系，是过去分词作前置定语。故答案为shared。
7. and 考查并列连词。句意：在开幕式上发布的“首个国际茶日茶路合作倡议”呼吁茶行业人士团结起来，促进国际合作和文化交流。 句中international cooperation和cultural exchanges是动词promote的并列宾语，所以用并列连词and连接。故答案为and。
8. To strengthen 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，该活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公开宣传活动，邀请来自世界各地的29名茶业专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。句中included是谓语动词，所以动词strengthen是非谓语动词，此处是动词不定式作目的状语，且位于句子开头，首字母用大写。故答案为 To strengthen。
9. inviting 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，该活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公开宣传活动，邀请来自世界各地的29名茶业专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。句中included是谓语动词，所以动词invite是非谓语动词，且invite和句子主语the event之间是主动关系，是现在分词作伴随状语。故答案为inviting。
10. its 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：中国古茶博物馆在开幕式上正式揭幕，开幕首展:真理大道——普洱茶特展。空后exhibition是名词，由形容词性物主代词修饰，“开启了它的第一次展览”，it的形容词性物主代词为its。故答案为its。
【高考热点】
name（动词），意为“命名”/name after，意为“以......命名”；name（名词），意为“名字，名称”/in the name of，意为“以......的名义，代表”——namely（副词），意为“即，也就是”。
一组后缀构词：
office（名词），意为“办公室”——official（形容词），意为“正式的，官方的”/（名词），意为“官员，高级职员”，且为可数名词——officially（副词），意为“官方地”。
face（名词），意为“脸”/（动词），意为“面临，面朝”/be faced with，意为“面对着......”——facial（形容词），意为“面部的”/（名词），意为“面部护理，美容”。
benefit（名词），意为“好处，益处”/（动词），意为“使收益，对某人有用”，benefit from意为“从......得到好处”，benefit sb.意为“有利于某人”——beneficial（形容词），意为“有益的，有利的”/be beneficial to，意为“对......有利”。
一组名词后缀：
（1）strong（形容词），意为“强壮的”——strength（名词），意为“力气，力量，长处”/strengths and weaknesses，意为“优势和劣势”——strengthen（动词），意为“增强”——strongly（副词），意为“坚定地，强有力地，强烈地”。
（2）warm（形容词），意为“温暖的”——warmth（名词），意为“温暖，暖和”——warmly（副词），意为“热情地，温暖地”。
（3）grow（动词），意为“成长，生长”——growth（名词），意为“生长，成长，增长”/grow up，意为“成长”；grown-up（形容词），意为“成年的，成熟的”/（名词），意为“成年人”，其复数为grown-ups。
4.一组形容词变副词：
（1）large（形容词），意为“大的，广泛的”——largely（副词），意为“很大程度上，主要地”。
（2）huge（形容词），意为“极大的”——hugely（副词），意为“极度，巨大地”。
（3）open（形容词），意为“开放的，开着的”；be open to，意为“对......开放”/（动词），意为“打开”——openly（副词），意为“公开地，公然地”
（三）
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park (GPNP). ___1___ (cover) an area about three times ___2___ size of Yellowstone National Part, the GPNP will be one of the first national park in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___3___ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ____4___ (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ____5___ (design) to reflect the guiding principle of "protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ____6___ leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations". The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ____7____ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and _____8____ (eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
Giant pandas also serve _____9___ an umbrella species (物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ____10____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
【答案详解】
1.Covering考查非谓语动词。句意：GPNP占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为第一批国家公园之一。句中will be是谓语部分，所以cover是非谓语动词；句子主语the GPNP和cover之间是主动关系，是现在分词作状语，且放在句首，首字母要用大写。故答案为Covering。
2. the考查倍数的用法。句意：GPNP占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为第一批国家公园之一。倍数的表达方法：倍数+the size/length/width...+of。故答案为the。
3.were 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个主管部门，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致。该句是that引导的定语从句，areas是先行词，复数形式，在后面的定语从句中作主语，再根据previously“以前地”可知，定语从句用一般过去时，be要用复数形式were。故答案为were。
4. to increase考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个主管部门，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致。所给词increase是非谓语动词，此处是动词不定式to do作目的状语，且and 后面的reduce与increase是并列成分。故答案为to increase。
5.is designed考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。句子主语The GPNP是单数第三人称形式，和谓语动词design之间是被动关系，且这里在描述一个客观事实，所以句子用一般现在时的被动语态。故答案为is designed。
6.and考查并列连词。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。此处是三个并列的动名词作介词of的宾语，最后一个并列成分和倒数第二个之间用并列连词and连接，其余用逗号分开。故答案为and。
7.populations考查名词复数。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善大熊猫不同种群和家园之间的联系，并最终达到预期的野生大熊猫数量水平。句中and 连接两个并列名词，homes 是复数，所以population也用复数。故答案为populations。
8.eventually考查副词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善大熊猫不同种群和家园之间的联系，并最终达到预期的野生大熊猫数量水平。空后achieve 是动词，由副词修饰，所给词eventual是形容词，其副词是eventually。故答案为eventually。
9.as 考查动词短语。句意：大熊猫也是保护伞物种，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来了保护。动词短语：serve as“充当，担任”，其中as是介词，意为“作为”。故答案为as。
10.that 考查定语从句。句意：GPNP旨在为生活在大熊猫活动区内的所有物种提供更强有力的保护，并显著改善该地区生态系统的健康状况。该空所填词引导定语从句，分析句子结构，the species是先行词，在句中作主语，且先行词被不定代词all修饰，所以定语从句只能由that引导。故答案为that。
【高考热点】
只用关系代词that引导定语从句的情况：
不定代词作先行词或不定代词修饰先行词时。
序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时。
先行词中既有人又有物时。
the only（唯一）、the very（恰好，正是）、the last等修饰先行词时。
只用which引导定语从句的情况：
介词后面指人用whom、指物用which引导定语从句。
整个句子作先行词时，非限制性定语从句由which引导。
that不能引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指物时，非限制性定语从句只能由关系代词which引导。
倍数的表达方法：
A+be+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B。例如：The rope is three times as long as that one.（这条绳子是那条绳子的三倍。）
A+be+倍数+形容词比较级+than+B。例如：The street is twice wider than that one.（这条街是那条街的两倍宽。）
A+be+倍数+the size/length/width/depth/height of B。例如：The building is fourth the height of that one.（这座楼是那座楼的四倍高。）
cover的用法：
cover（名词），意为“覆盖物，盖子，封面”；（2）cover（动词），意为“覆盖，遮盖，涉及，报道，占（时间、空间）”；be covered with，意为“被......覆盖”。
increase（名词），意为“增长，增长量”/（动词），意为“增长，增大”；increase by...，意为“增长了......”；increase to...，意为“增长到......”——increasing（形容词），意为“渐增的，增长的”——increasingly（副词），意为“不断增加地，不断增长地”。
as的用法：
as（介词），意为“作为”。和介词构成的短语有：serve as，意为“充当，担任”；treat/have/see/take/recognize/regard/describe/think of/look on...as...，意为“把......当作/看作......”；be known as，意为“作为......而闻名”；act as，意为“担当，担任”。
as作（连词）时，可以引导时间状语从句、原因状语从句、比较状语从句、方式状语从句和让步状语从句。
as“随着”，引导时间状语从句。例如：As time went by, the little boys adopted ten years ago grew up，（随着时间的流逝，十年前收养的那些小男孩渐渐长大了。）
as“由于”，引导原因状语从句。例如：As it snowed heavily,We didn't finish the task as planned.（由于天下大雪，们没有按计划完成任务。）
as“和......一样”，引导比较状语从句。例如：He is as strong as I am.（他和我一样强壮。）
as“正如，如同”，引导方式状语从句。例如：When at Rome，do as Romans do.（入乡随俗。）
as“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，且从句用倒装。例如：Young as he is，he can speak five foreign languages.（尽管他年轻，他会说五种外语。）
as作“关系代词”引导定语从句。
as引导限制性定语从句。固定搭配：the same...as...；such...as...；as...as...；not as/so...as...。例如：He has the same bike as I have.（他有一辆和我一样的自行车。）
as引导非限制性定语从句。as引导非限制性定语从句时，意思是“正如，就像......一样”，通常用于下列结构中：as we know/as is known to all（众所周知）；as is often the case（就像平常一样）；as has been mentioned above（正如上面所提到的）；as is said（据说）；as is reported（正如所报道的）等。as引导的非限制性定语从句通常位于句首，用逗号和后面隔开；如果位于句末，则用逗号和前面隔开；如果位于句中，则两边都用逗号隔开。例如：As is known to us, the Great Wall is in China.（众所周知，长城在中国。）
（四）
One morning I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about __1__ (be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, __2__ some of them looked very anxious and __3__ (disappoint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next __4__ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike __5__ (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused __6__ (stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept __7__ (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked,“__8__ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop ”A woman on the bus shouted,“Oh, dear! It’s __9__ (I).”She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers __10__ (sudden) became friendly to one another.
【答案详解】
1.being考查动名词作宾语。句意：一天早上，我在公共汽车站等车，担心上学迟到。句中about是介词，所以其后面的动词用动名词作宾语。故答案为being。
2.and考查并列连词。句意：有许多人在公共汽车站等车，他们中的一些人看起来非常焦虑和失望。该空连接上一句和本句，而这两个分句只起承上启下的作用，没有转折、因果、让步等含义，只是并列的递进关系，所以用并列连词and连接。故答案为and。
3.disappointed考查情感形容词作表语。句意：有许多人在公共汽车站等车，他们中的一些人看起来非常焦虑和失望。句中look是连系动词，意思是“看起来”，后面用形容词作表语；该空所给词disappoint“使失望”是动词，与句子主语some of them之间是被动关系，所以这里用过去分词转化而成的情感形容词disappointed“感到失望的”作表语，disappointed与and前面的形容词anxious构成并列关系。故答案为disappointed。
4.to考查介词短语搭配。句意：我找了个靠窗的地方，所以我能清楚地看到人行道。与next搭配的介词是to，next to意思为“贴近，紧挨着”。故答案为to。
5.caught考查动词时态。句意：一个骑自行车的男孩引起了我的注意。全文是以one morning为主线，描述过去发生的事情，所以句子用应该用一般过去时态，所给词catch为不规则动词，其过去式为caught。故答案为caught。
6.to stop考查非谓语动词。句意：我听到我后面的一个乘客向司机大喊大叫，但他拒绝停车，直到我们到达下一站。动词refuse后面如果是动词，则用动词不定式作宾语，此处所给词stop是动词，refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”。故答案为to stop。
7.riding考查非谓语动词。句意：男孩仍然继续骑马。动词keep后面如果是动词，则要用动名词作宾语，所给词ride是以不发音的e结尾的词，要去e再加ing。故答案为riding。
8.Did考查助动词。句意：这时司机站起来问道:“有人在上一站丢了手提箱吗 ”根据at the last stop的提示，可知这里指过去发生的事情，句子是疑问的口气，所以该空应该用一般疑问句对行为动词提问的助动词did，且助动词位于句子开头，所以要用大写。故答案为Did。
9.me或者mine考查人称代词或者名词性的物主代词。句意：丢手提箱的那个人是我，或者那是我的（手提箱）。由前面问句里的anyone一词得知，it可以指代“丢手提箱的人”，用“It’s me.”回答；it也可指代“手提箱”，所以用“It’s mine.”回答。故答案为me或者mine。
10.suddenly考查副词。句意：公共汽车上的每个人都开始谈论这个男孩所做的事，这群陌生人突然变得彼此友好起来。空格后面became是动词，由副词修饰，所给词sudden是形容词，其副词是suddenly。故答案为suddenly。（副词修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语、整个句子等）。
【高考热点】
介词后的动词用动名词作宾语。例如：MoYan makes a living by______（write） stories.分析：句中by是介词，后面用write的动名词writing作宾语。
one another/each other，意为“彼此，互相”。
固定搭配（注意不定冠词）：
all of a sudden，意为“突然”；at a loss，意为“不知所措”；in a hurry，意为“匆忙”；once in a while，意为“偶尔，突然”。
（五）
A 90﹣year﹣old has been awarded"Woman Of The Year"for ____1____（be）Britain's oldest full﹣time employee﹣still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, ____2____ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have ____3____（final）been acknowledged after a customer nominated（提名）her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
Picking up her"Lifetime Achievement"award,proud Irene ____4____（declare） she had no plans ____5____（retire） from her 36﹣year﹣old business. Irene said,"I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ____6____（make） over the years. I work not because I have to, ____7____ because I want to."
Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31, who works alongside her in the family business﹣said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said,"We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call ____8____（say）she was short﹣listed,we thought it was ____9____ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's ____10____（wonder）."
【答案详解】
1. being 考查动名词。句意：一位90岁的女性被授予“年度女性”，因为她是英国年龄最大的全职员工，每周仍工作40小时。根据句子结构分析，空前是介词for，所以后面接动名词形式作宾语。故答案为being。
2. which 考查定语从句。句意：现在，艾琳·阿斯特伯里每天从早上9点工作到下午5点，在麦克格斯菲尔德的一家宠物店工作，这家店是她和已故的丈夫莱斯一起开的。分析句子结构，此句为定语从句，pet shop是先行词，指物，在从句作宾语，且这里是非限制性定语从句，只能用用关系代词which引导。故答案为which。
3. finally 考查副词。句意：她多年的努力终于得到了认可，一位顾客提名她为“年度最佳女性”。根据句子结构分析，此处acknowledged是动词过去分词，由副词修饰，但所给词final是形容词，其副词是finally“最终地”。故答案为finally。
4. declared 考查动词时态。句意：在领取“终身成就奖”时，自豪的艾琳宣布，她没有从36岁的公司退休的打算。根据下文的Irene said，可知，该空在描述过去发生的事，所以句子用一般过去时。故答案为declared。
5. to retire 考查不定式。句意：在领取“终身成就奖”时，自豪的艾琳宣布，她没有从36岁的公司退休的打算。分析句子结构，此处用不定式短语作后置定语，修饰前面的plans。故答案为 to retire。
6. have made 考查现在完成时。句意：我喜欢来这里，看看我的家人和多年来结交的所有朋友。根据时间状语over the years，可知此处用现完成时态，且句子主语是I，所以谓语动词用复数形式。故答案为have made。
7. but 考查并列连词。句意：我工作不是因为我必须工作，而是因为我想工作。固定搭配：not...but...“不是......，而是......”。故答案为but。
8. saying 考查现在分词。句意：当我们接到电话说她被选中时，我们以为这是个玩笑。分析句子结构，句中call是名词，和动词say之间是主动关系，是现在分词作后置定语。故答案为saying。
9. a 考查冠词。句意：当我们接到电话说她被选中时，我们以为这是个玩笑。根据句意可知，此处表达“一个笑话”，且joke是可数名词，以辅音音素开头，所以前面用a表示“一个”。故答案为a。
10. wonderful 考查形容词。句意：这是美妙的。根据句意可知，此处构成系表结构，be动词后面用形容词作表语，但所给词wonder既可作名词，也可作动词，其形容词是wonderful。故答案为wonderful。
【高考热点】
固定搭配：not...but...，意为“不是......而是......”；not only...but also...，意为“不但......，而且......”；neither...nor...，意为“既不......，也不......”；either...or...，意为“或者......，或者......”。
wonder（动词），意为“想知道”——wonderful（形容词），意为“极好的，精彩的”——wonderfully（副词），意为“极好地，精彩地”；wonder（可数名词），意为“奇迹”；wonder（不可数名词），意为“惊讶，惊奇”；固定句型：（It's） no wonder that ...，意为“难怪......”。
（六）
Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a ___1___(celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers ___2___ (carry) special significance. They represent the earth ___3___ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:
Oranges: Orange trees are more ___4___decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times ___5___ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. ___6___(certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated ___7___ health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy ___8___ (care) for and make great presents.
Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The ___9___(beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are _____10_____ first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
【答案详解】
1. celebration考查名词。句意：中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始的节日。空前是不定冠词a，所以后接单数名词形式；所给词celebrate是动词，其名词是celebration。故答案为celebration。
2.carries 考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：这就是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。这是一个why引导的表语从句，句子在描述一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时；从句主语为动名词短语decorating with plants, fruits and flowers，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故答案为carries。
3. coming考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent，所以该空用非谓语动词，earth coming back to life是represent的复合宾语，其中earth 和come之间是主动关系，是现在分词作宾语补足语。故答案为 coming。
4. than考查固定搭配。句意：桔子树不仅仅是装饰品。more than不仅仅，不只是。故答案为than。
5.decorated考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。此处考查see sth（sb） done 结构；句中宾语them和动词decorate之间是被动关系，是过去分词作宾语补足语。故答案为decorated。
6.Certainly考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。分析句子结构，空处做状语，修饰后面整个句子；所给词certain是形容词，其副词是certainly。故答案为Certainly。
7.with考查固定短语。句意：竹类植物与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。固定短语：be associated with“与……相联系”。故答案为with。
8.to care考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。固定句型：主语+be +形容词（difficult，easy，good，bad，nice，comfortable，hard，pleasant等） + to do，其中不定式作主语补足语，不定式的宾语就是句子的主语，且不定式主动表被动。故答案为to care。
9.beautiful考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，这是极好的装饰。空后branches是名词，由形容词修饰；所给词beauty是名词，其形容词是beautiful。故答案为beautiful。
10.the考查定冠词。句意：雪还在融化时，梅花是第一个开花的。固定搭配：the first（second/third...）to do，表示“第几个做某事”，其中动词不定式作后置定语。故答案为the。
【高考热点】
副词修饰动词、形容词、其他副词、介词短语、整个句子等，是高考常考点。
the+序数词，表示“第几”，强调顺序；不定冠词a/an+序数词，表示“又一，再一”，不强调顺序。
固定搭配：in celebration of“为庆祝......”；in face of“面对......”；in support of“支持”；in favour of“赞成”；in charge of “负责，管理”；in need of“需要”；in want of“需要”。
（七）
The adobe dwellings (土坯房) ___1___ (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even ___2___ most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ___3___(able) to “air condition” a house without ___4___ (use) electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat ____5__ (slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough ___6___(cool) the house during the hot day; ___7___ the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle ___8___ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset (抵消) for the outside temperatures. As ____9___ (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly ____10__ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
【答案详解】
1.built 考查动词的非谓语动词。句意：美国西南部的普韦布洛印第安人建造的土坯住宅，即使是最现代的建筑师和工程师也很欣赏。该句中are admired是谓语部分，所给动词build是非谓语动词；句子主语The adobe dwellings 和build之间是被动关系，再根据介词by所引导的执行者来看，这里是过去分词作后置定语；build的过去分词是built。故答案为built。
2.the 考查冠词。句意：美国西南部的普韦布洛印第安人建造的土坯住宅，即使是最现代的建筑师和工程师也很欣赏。此题的关键词是most，它是最高级的标志，形容词最高级前要用the。故答案为the。
3.ability 考查名词。句意：除了简单的美感之外，土坯民居令人钦佩的地方还在于它们不使用电力设备就能“调节”房子的空气。空前their是形容词性的物主代词，形容词性的物主代词修饰名词，所给词able是形容词，其名词是ability。固定搭配：one’s ability to do sth.某人做某事的能力。故答案为ability。
4.using 考查非谓语动词。句意：除了简单的美感之外，土坯民居令人钦佩的地方还在于它们不使用电力设备就能“调节”房子的空气。without是介词，介词后面的动词要用动名词作宾语；所给词use的动名词是using。故答案为using。
5.slowly 考查副词。句意：土坯墙在炎热的日子吸收来自太阳的热量，在凉爽的夜晚慢慢散发热量，从而使房子温暖。空前的动词短语give out由副词修饰，所给词slow是形容词，其副词是slowly。故答案为slowly。
6.to cool 考查非谓语动词。句意：当新的一天到来时，墙壁已经放出了热量，现在冷得足以在炎热的日子里给房子降温;与此同时，它们在晚上再次暖和起来。固定结构：be +adj +enough to do sth.“足够……做某事”，其中动词不定式作结果状语。故答案为to cool。
7.at 考查介词短语。句意：句意：当新的一天到来时，墙壁已经放出了热量，现在冷得足以在炎热的日子里给房子降温;与此同时，它们在晚上再次暖和起来。固定短语：at the same time“同时”。故答案为at。
8.goes 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这样的循环日复一日。这里在描述一个客观事实，再根据day after day(日复一日，一天又一天)，可知，此处要用一般现在时，而主语this cycle为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用动词的单数第三人称形式。故答案为goes。
9.natural 考查形容词。句意：作为自然界的建筑师，普韦布洛印第安人精确计算出了土坯墙需要多厚才能使循环在大多数情况下正常工作。空后architects是名词，由形容词修饰，所给词nature是名词，其形容词是natural。故答案为natural。
10.how 考查副词。句意：作为自然界的建筑师，普韦布洛印第安人精确计算出了土坯墙需要多厚才能使循环在大多数情况下正常工作。动词短语figured out后面是宾语从句，空后是形容词thick，所以用程度副词how来修饰thick，表示“多么厚”，引导宾语从句。故答案为how。
【高考热点】
equip（动词）“装备，配备”；be equipped with“配备有......”；equipment（不可数名词）“设备，装备”。
compare（动词）“比较”——comparison（名词）“比较，对照”/make comparisons“进行比较”。
state（动词）“陈述”——statement（名词）“陈述”/（名词）“状态，州”；4. commit（动词）“犯罪，投入”/commit oneself to“致力于”，其中to是介词，后跟名词、代词宾格或动名词作宾语。
（八）
A
Why do we dream Scientists aren’t completely sure, and they have diverse ____1___ (idea). Dreams might be a side effect of memory making. When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything ____2____ happened during the day, trying to link new experiences to old memories. As it ____3____ (connect) things, your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream.
【答案详解】
1.ideas 考查名词复数。句意：我们为什么做梦 科学家们也不完全确定，他们有不同的想法。空前diverse是形容词，意为“不同的，各式各样的”，修饰名词复数，所给名词idea的复数是ideas。故答案为ideas。
2.that 考查定语从句。句意：当你睡觉时，你的大脑会整理白天发生的一切，试图将新的经历与旧的记忆联系起来。 设空处应该填一个关系词引导定语从句；空后面的定语从句缺少引导词和主语，空前everything是先行词，且是不定代词，所以只能用关系代词that替代everything引导定语从句。故答案为that。
3.connects 考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：当它连接事物时，你的大脑将它们变成一个故事，你就会做梦。该句是as引导的时间状语从句，主句是一般现在时，则从句要用一般现在时，且从句主语是it，单数第三人称，所以谓语动词用动词的第三人称单数形式。故答案为connects。
B
Sam is an in-real-life streamer ( 播主 ), and he live streams himself just going about his day. While riding his bike home _____4___ a cold night, he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself. The poor woman wasn’t able to give him any information about ____5____ she lived. Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could _____6____ (safe) wait for the police to take her home.
【答案详解】
4.on 考查介词。句意：在一个寒冷的夜晚，他骑着自行车回家时，遇到了一位愁眉苦脸的老妇人独自在街上徘徊。在英语中表达“在上、下午、晚上”时用介词in，但如果上、下午、晚上前有形容词修饰时，则要用介词on。故答案为on。
5.where 考查宾语从句。句意：那个可怜的女人无法告诉他她住在哪里。句中about是介词，后面是where引导的宾语从句，其中where在从句中作地点状语。故答案为where。
6 .safely 考查副词。句意：山姆送她到附近的一家便利店，这样她就可以安全地等待警察带她回家。空后wait是动词，由副词修饰，所给词safe是形容词，其副词是safely。故答案为safely。
C
There ____7____ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, _____8____ (cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, _____9____ (result) in USD2,970 billion in economic loss. Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need 10 (invest) in disaster prevention.
【答案详解】
7.has been 考查现在完成时。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，在过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，主要是由全球气温上升引起的。该句是there be 句型，根据句中时间状语over the past 20 years，可知句子用现在完成时，句子的主语是 a dramatic rise，单数第三人称形式，所以谓语动词用动词的第三人称单数形式。故答案为has been。
8.caused 考查过去分词。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，在过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，主要是由全球气温上升引起的。该句是there be句型，有谓语动词，所以cause是非谓语动词，且cause和主语a dramatic rise之间是被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语。故答案为caused。
9.resulting 考查现在分词作状语。句意：2000年至2019年，全球共发生7348起重大自然灾害，造成经济损失2.97万亿美元。这种增长在很大程度上是由于气候变化。该句是there be句型，句中有谓语动词there were，所以所给词result是非谓语动词，result in的意思是“导致，结果是”，和句子主语disasters 之间是主动关系，是现在分词作结果状语。故答案为resulting。
10.to invest 考查动词不定式。句意：研究结果表明，迫切需要在灾害预防方面进行投资。动词need后面用不定式作宾语，need to do sth.“需要做某事”。故答案为to invest。
【高考热点】
have an effect on“对......有影响”；have an impact on“对......有影响”；have an influence on“对......造成潜移默化的影响”。
represent（动词）“代表，象征”/stand for“代表，象征”。
four years later“四年之后”。
type（名词）“类型”/（动词）“打字”——typical（形容词）“典型的，特有的”——be typical of“是......的特点，典型的”。
establish（动词）“建立，设立”。
arrange（动词）“安排”——arrangement（名词）“安排”。
found（动词）“成立，建立”——founded（过去式）——founded（过去分词）——founding（名词）“创建，创办”。
survive（动词）“幸存”——survival（名词）“幸存”——survivor（名词）“幸存者”。
make up“组成，编造，化妆，和好如初”；hope for“希望，期待”；refer to“提到，谈到，涉及到，参考”/refer to...as...“把......当作......”。专练01 备战2023年高考——英语语法填空之高考真题专练（8篇）【原卷版】（一）
A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___1___ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___2___ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___3___ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. ___4___ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___5___ (protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___6___ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.In the last five years，Cao ___7___ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___8___ (high) mountain.Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers ___9___ Xi’an to Kashgar on September 20, ___10___ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
（二）
May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially ___1___ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate ____2___ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___3___ (address) the opening ceremony. " As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ____4___ (large) tea-producing country, China has a ____5___ (responsible) to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a ____6___ (share) future for mankind,” he said.
The "First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative" issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation _____7____ cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotion-Tea Road Cooperative Plan-was also issued in accordance with the initiative.
_____8____ (strengthen) the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, _____9____ ( invite ) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening ____10____(it) first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth - A Special Exhibition of Pu'er Tea.
（三）
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park (GPNP). ___1___ (cover) an area about three times ___2___ size of Yellowstone National Part, the GPNP will be one of the first national park in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___3___ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ____4___ (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ____5___ (design) to reflect the guiding principle of "protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ____6___ leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations". The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ____7____ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and _____8____ (eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
Giant pandas also serve _____9___ an umbrella species (物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ____10____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
（四）
One morning I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about __1__ (be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, __2__ some of them looked very anxious and __3__ (disappoint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next __4__ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike __5__ (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused __6__ (stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept __7__ (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked,“__8__ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop ”A woman on the bus shouted,“Oh, dear! It’s __9__ (I).”She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers __10__ (sudden) became friendly to one another.
（五）
A 90﹣year﹣old has been awarded"Woman Of The Year"for ____1____（be）Britain's oldest full﹣time employee﹣still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, ____2____ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have ____3____（final）been acknowledged after a customer nominated（提名）her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
Picking up her"Lifetime Achievement"award,proud Irene ____4____（declare） she had no plans ____5____（retire） from her 36﹣year﹣old business. Irene said,"I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ____6____（make） over the years. I work not because I have to, ____7____ because I want to."
Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31, who works alongside her in the family business﹣said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said,"We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call ____8____（say）she was short﹣listed,we thought it was ____9____ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's ____10____（wonder）."
（六）
Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a ___1___(celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers ___2___ (carry) special significance. They represent the earth ___3___ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:
Oranges: Orange trees are more ___4___decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times ___5___ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. ___6___(certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated ___7___ health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy ___8___ (care) for and make great presents.
Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The ___9___(beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are _____10_____ first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
（七）
The adobe dwellings (土坯房) ___1___ (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even ___2___ most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ___3___(able) to “air condition” a house without ___4___ (use) electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat ____5__ (slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough ___6___(cool) the house during the hot day; ___7___ the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle ___8___ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset (抵消) for the outside temperatures. As ____9___ (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly ____10__ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
（八）
A
Why do we dream Scientists aren’t completely sure, and they have diverse 1 (idea). Dreams might be a side effect of memory making. When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything 2 happened during the day, trying to link new experiences to old memories. As it 3 (connect) things, your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream.
B
Sam is an in-real-life streamer ( 播主 ), and he live streams himself just going about his day. While riding his bike home 4 a cold night, he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself. The poor woman wasn’t able to give him any information about 5 she lived. Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could 6 (safe) wait for the police to take her home.
C
There 7 (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, 8 (cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, 9 (result) in USD2,970 billion in economic loss. Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need 10 (invest) in disaster prevention.