专练02 备战2023年高考——英语语法填空之高考真题专练（8篇）【解析版】（一）
A young man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water. ____1____water was sweet. He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to the elder _______2____ had been his teacher .After a four-day journey, the young man_____3___. (present) the water to the old man. His teacher took a deep drink,smiled____4_____ (warm), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. The young man went home____5______a happy heart.
After the student left, the teacher let __6___student taste the water. He spit it out, __7___ (say) it was awful. Apparently, it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container. He asked his teacher,“Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like ___8____ ”
The teacher replied,” You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be ___9___ (sweet).”
We understand this lesson best ____10___ we receive gifts of love from children. Whether it is a cheap pipe or a diamond necklace, the proper response is appreciation. We love the idea within the gift rather than the thing.
【答案详解】
The 考查定冠词。句意一个年轻人在穿越沙漠时，偶然发现一股清泉。水是甜的。根据上句中的·a spring of clear water，可知，此处“特指”这股清泉里的水，所以用定冠词the，且位于句子开头，首字母用大写。故答案为The。
who考查定语从句关系代词。句意：他装满了他的皮容器，这样他就可以带一些回去给曾经是他老师的长辈。此处elder作先行词，指人，后面的定语从句缺少主语，也缺少引导词，所以这里是who/that引导的定语从句，先行词指人时最好用who。故答案为who。
presented 考动词时态。句意：经过四天的跋涉，年轻人把水献给了老人。这里在讲述一件过去的事情，所以句子用一般过去时。故答案为presented。
warmly考词副词。句意：他的老师深深地喝了一口，热情地笑了笑，非常感谢他的学生给了这么甜的水。空前的smiled是动词，由副词修饰，所给词warm是形容词，其副词是warmly。故答案为warmly。
with考查介词。句意：开开心心地回家了。介词with的意思是“具有，带有，和......一起”，with a happy heart的意思是“带着一个快乐的心”。故答案为with。
another 考查不定代词。句意：学生离开后，老师让另一个学生品尝水。根据After the student left，可知，此处指老师让“另一个”学生品尝水。这里不知有多少学生，所以“泛指”另一个学生，应该用不定冠词another。故答案为another。
saying考非谓语动词。句意：他一口吐了出来，说太难喝了。句中spit是谓语动词，逗号后面的say是非谓语动词，且say和句子主语He之间是主动关系，所以这里是现在分词作伴随状语。故答案为saying。
it 考查it的用法。句意：先生，水太难喝了。你为什么要假装喜欢它 该空指的就是上文的the water，water是不可数名词，且是同类同物，所以用人称代词it替代。故答案为it。
sweeter 考查形容词比较级。句意：没有比这更甜的水了，这是最甜的水。否定词no/nothing/never等与比较级连用，表达最高级的意思。句中Nothing是否定词，所以所给词sweet要用比较级。故答案为sweeter。
when 考查时间状语从句。句意：当我们从孩子们那里收到爱的礼物时，我们最能理解这一课。此处是when引导的时间状语从句。故答案为when。
【高考热点】
present（名词），意为“礼物”；（动词），意为“颁发，赠送”；（形容词），意为“目前的，当前的”，在句中作前置定语；（形容词），意为“到场的，在场的”，在句中作后置定语。固定短语：at present，意为“目前，当前”。presence（名词），意为“出席，存在”。
one...，the other，意为“两者当中的，一个......另一个”，表示“特指”；one...，another...，意为“三者或三者以上的，一个......，另一个......”，表示“泛指”。
whether...or not，意为“是或者不是”。例如：Whether we go on an outing depends on the weather.（我们是否去郊游依赖于天气。）；whether...or...，意为“无论......，还是......”，引导让步状语从句。例如：Whether you are watching TV at home or playing outside, please do not disturb me.（无论你是在家里看电视，还是到外面去玩耍，请不要打扰我。）
response（名词），意为“反应，响应”/in response to，意为“对......有反应”——respond（动词），意为“回答，回应”
（二）
Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, __1__ (wear) sun glasses. He walked in as if he __2__ (buy) the school. And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City.
For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt __3__ (please), because there were many empty seats in the room. But she quickly realized that it wasn’t her, it was probably the fact that she sat in __4__ last row.
__5__ he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong. It might have made it a little __6__ (hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didn’t stop the kids in the class. Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, __7__ made her feel like a star.
“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons ” the teacher asked. The new boy shook his head. “Then I’d appreciate it if you didn’t wear them in class. I like to look at your eyes when I’m speaking to you.” the new boy looked at the teacher __8__ a few seconds and all the other students wondered __9__ the boy would do. Then he took __10__ off, gave a big smile and said, “That’s cool.”
【答案详解】
1. wearing 考查现在分词。句意：一天，他突然出现在课堂上，戴着太阳镜。句中appeared是谓语动词，所以wear是非谓语动词，且动词wear和句子主语He之间是主动关系，是现在分词表伴随状态。故答案为wearing。
2. had bought 考查虚拟语气。句意：他走了进来，好像买下了这所学校似的。此处是as if引导的方式状语从句，从句用虚拟语气，从句谓语动词buy与过去事实相反，所以用过去完成时。故答案为had bought。
3. pleased 考查形容词作表语。句意：玛丽感到很高兴，因为房间里有许多空座位。空前的 felt是连系动词“觉得，感觉到”，后面用形容词作表语，动词please的过去分词pleased已转化为形容词“高兴的，满意的”。故答案为pleased。
4. the 考查定冠词。句意：但她很快意识到那不是她，可能是因为她坐在最后一排。in the last row“在最后一排”，此处用the表示“特指”。故答案为the。
5. If 考查条件状语从句。句意：如果他以为坐在后排就能避开别人的注意，那他就错了。分析句子结构，此处是if引导的条件状语从句，且位于句子开头，首字母要大写。故答案为If。
6. harder 考查形容词比较级。句意：这可能会让每个人都有点困难，因为这意味着他们必须转身，但这并没有阻止班上的孩子。even/much/a little/a lot/far/any/still/slightly等可放在比较级前修饰比较级，加强语气，此处a little修饰hard的比较级。故答案为harder。
7. which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：当然，每当他们回头看他的时候，他们都得看着玛丽，这让她觉得自己像个明星。此处是前面整个句子作先行词，用关系代词which替代前面所述全部内容，引导非限制性定语从句。切记：that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故答案为which。
8. for 考查介词。句意：我跟你说话的时候喜欢看着你的眼睛。新来的男孩看了老师几秒钟，其他的学生都想知道这个男孩会做什么。空后a few seconds 是一段时间，前面用介词for，表动作持续时间。故答案为for。
9. what 考查宾语从句引导词。句意：我跟你说话的时候喜欢看着你的眼睛。新来的男孩看了老师几秒钟，其他的学生都想知道这个男孩会做什么。动词wondered后面是宾语从句，从句缺少引导词，且从句的谓语动词do后缺宾语，所填词要起双重作用，what符合句意，而that只起引导作用，不能在句中作成分。故答案为what。
10. them 考查人称代词宾格。句意：然后他把它们脱下来，露出一个大大的微笑，说:“那很酷。”此处用them替代指代glasses在句中作took __10__ off的宾语。故答案为them。
【高考热点】
固定句型： I’d appreciate it if...，意为“如果......，我将万分感激。”
what在引导的主语从句和宾语从句中其双重作用。例如：What is known to all is that practice makes perfect.（众所周知，熟能生巧。）其中what引导主语从句，同时也作主语从句的主语。
定冠词the的特殊用法：
（1）the+序数词，表示“第几......”，强调顺序。
（2）the+姓氏的复数，表示“某人一家”，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。例如：the Blacks，意为“布莱克一家人”。
（3）the+形容词，表示“一类人”，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。例如：the homeless，意为“无家可归的人”。
（三）
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ____1____ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ____2____ studied； however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000﹣25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modern methods ____3____tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid﹣1980s,and are expensive ____4____（perform） consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut ____5____（report） increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ____6____（believe） that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by ____7____（note） that hungry bears may be congregating（聚集） around human settlements, leading to the illusion（错觉） that populations are ____8____（high） than they actually are. Of ____9____nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ________（be） stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
【答案详解】
1. that 考查同位语从句。句意：虽然它们在88°以北很罕见，但有证据表明，它们的分布范围一直贯穿北极，南至加拿大的詹姆斯湾。本句是同位语从句，空后句子是对名词evidence“证据”的解释和说明，是evidence的具体内容，且从句中不缺少句子成分，所以同位语从句由没有词义、不做任何成分的连接词that引导，且that只起引导作用。故答案为that。
2. poorly 考查副词。句意：很难弄清楚全球北极熊的数量，因为对大部分范围的研究很少。此处空后studied是动词，由副词修饰，但所给词poor是形容词，其副词是poorly，意思是“贫乏地”。故答案为poorly。
3. of/for 考查介词。句意：追踪北极熊种群的现代方法是从20世纪80年代中期开始使用的，而且要在大范围内持续执行，成本很高。介词of的意思是“......的”，methods 后面用介词of，表示“追踪北极熊的方法”；介词for的意思是“为了......”，空格处用for，表示“为了跟踪北极熊”。故答案为of或者for。
4. to perform 考查不定式。句意：句意：追踪北极熊种群的现代方法是从20世纪80年代中期开始使用的，而且要在大范围内持续执行，成本很高。“be +形容词+动词不定式”是英语的固定句型，其中动词不定式做主语补足语，动词不定式的宾语就是句子的主语，句中形容词通常用easy/difficult/hard/comfortable/nice/pleasant等。故答案为to perform。
5. have reported 考查动词时态。句意：近年来，努纳尤特的一些因纽特人报告说，在人类定居点附近看到熊的次数增加了，这导致人们认为熊的数量在增加。时间状语 In recent years “在近几年来”、so far/up to now“到目前为止”、in/during/over the last/past few years“在最近的几年了”、since“自从......以来”等与现在完成时连用，且此处句子主语是some Inuit people ，复数形式。故答案为have reported。
6. belief 考查名词。句意：近年来，努纳尤特的一些因纽特人报告说，在人类定居点附近看到熊的次数增加了，这导致人们认为熊的数量在增加。空格前的是a,不定冠词a用在名词前面，且空后是that引导的同位语从句，说明前面名词的具体内容，所以该空填名词，但所给词believe是动词，其名词是belief。故答案为belief。
7. noting 考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家们对此的回应是，饥饿的熊可能聚集在人类定居点周围，导致人们误以为熊的数量比实际要高。介词by后跟动名词，此处所给词note是动词，意思是“留意，指出，表明”。故答案为noting。
8. higher 考查比较级。句意：科学家们对此的回应是，饥饿的熊可能聚集在人类定居点周围，导致人们误以为熊的数量比实际要高。根据空格后的than，可知此处用形容词比较级。故答案为higher。
9. the 考查定冠词。句意：在19个公认的北极熊亚种群中，有3个在减少，6个可以，1个在增加，9个缺乏足够的数据。根据of，可知此处的意思是“......中的”，表示“特指”，所以用定冠词the。故答案为the。
10. are 考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：在19个公认的北极熊亚种群中，有3个在减少，6个可以，1个在增加，9个缺乏足够的数据。此处在描述一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时，且six做主语，指“六个熊群”，所以谓语动词用复数形式。故填are。
【高考热点】
一组动词的过去式、过去分词以及-ing形式：
find（动词）找到——found（过去式）——found（过去分词）
found（动词）成立，建立——founded（过去式）——founded（过去分词）
lie（动词）平放，躺，卧，位于——lay（过去式）——lain（过去分词）——lying（现在分词）；lie（动词）说谎——lied（过去式）——lied（过去分词）——lying（现在分词）；lay（动词）安置，摆放，下蛋——laid（过去式）——laid（过去分词）——laying（现在分词）
2.固定句型：“be +形容词+动词不定式”是英语的固定句型，其中动词不定式做主语补足语，动词不定式的宾语就是句子的主语，句中形容词通常用easy/difficult/hard/comfortable/nice/pleasant等。例如：The programme is difficult to pick up in the area.（在这个地区这个节目很难接收到。）分析：The programme是句子的主语，也是动词不定式的宾语，且不定式主动表被动。
（四）
Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia's biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top __1__ (attract)．
So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not for profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research. I __2__ (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600 acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be __3__ (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back __4__ my days on a TV show in the mid 1980s, __5__ I was the first Western TV reporter __6__ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include __7__ (introduce) British visitors to the 120 plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
On my recent visit, I held a lively three month old twin that had been rejected by __8__ (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few __9__(day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle fed, __10__ other is with mum—she never suspects.
【答案详解】
attraction考查词名词。句意：但对于像我这样的游客来说，熊猫是最吸引人的地方。由空格前的形容词性物主代词its以及形容词top可知，此处应该用名词，且名词用单数形式；所给词attract是动词，其名词形式是attraction，意思是“吸引人的人或物”。故答案为attraction。
2. was allowed考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：在这个占地600英亩的中心，我被允许接近这些可爱的动物。分析句子结构可知，主语I与动词allow之间是被动关系，再根据前一句的was，可知此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，且句子主语是I，谓语动词中的be动词应用was。故答案为was allowed。
3. officially考查副词。句意：这个头衔将在伦敦的一个仪式上正式授予我。空后面的given是过去分词，由副词修饰；所给词official是形容词，其副词是officially。故答案为officially。
4. to考查介词。句意：但我与熊猫的联系要追溯到上世纪80年代中期我参加一个电视节目的时候，当时我是第一个获准拍摄一个特别单元的西方电视台记者，该单元负责拍摄从野外饥饿中解救出来的熊猫。固定搭配：go back to意为“追溯到”。故答案为to。
5. when考查连词。句意：但我与熊猫的联系要追溯到上世纪80年代中期我参加一个电视节目的时候，当时我是第一个获准拍摄一个特别单元的西方电视台记者，该单元负责拍摄从野外饥饿中解救出来的熊猫。此处in the mid 1980s是先行词，在后面的从句中作时间状语，可知非限制性定语从句由关系副词when引导。故答案为when。
6. permitted考查非谓语动词。句意：但我与熊猫的联系要追溯到上世纪80年代中期我参加一个电视节目的时候，当时我是第一个获准拍摄一个特别单元的西方电视台记者，该单元负责拍摄从野外饥饿中解救出来的熊猫。分析句子结构，句中was是谓语动词，所以该空应该是非谓语动词，且permit与被修饰的名词reporter之间是被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语。故答案为permitted。
7. introducing考查非谓语动词。句意：我的大使职责将包括向英国游客介绍成都的120多只大熊猫，以及碧峰峡雾山中的一个研究中心的其他大熊猫。动词include后跟动名词作宾语。故答案为introducing。
8. its考查代词。句意：在我最近的一次探访中，我抱着一个被母亲遗弃的三个月大的双胞胎宝宝。由空后面的名词mother可知，此处应填用it的形容词性物主代词its来修饰。故答案为its。
9. days考查名词复数。句意：托儿所的工作人员每隔几天就把他和妹妹换一次，这样一个用奶瓶喂养，另一个和妈妈在一起——她从不怀疑。few修饰可数名词复数，此空应该填days；every few days是“每隔几天”的意思。故答案为days。
10. the考查冠词。句意：托儿所的工作人员每隔几天就把他和妹妹换一次，这样一个用奶瓶喂养，另一个和妈妈在一起——她从不怀疑。固定搭配：one...the other...，意为两个中的“一个……另一个……”；这里指的是双胞胎熊猫。故答案为the。
【高考热点】
attract（动词），意为“吸引”——attraction（名词），意为“吸引力”，且是可数名词——attractive（形容词），意为“有吸引力的”——attractively（副词），意为“有吸引力地”。
date from，意为“始于......”/date back to，意为“追溯到”，这两个短语作谓语动词时，句子用一般现在时。例如：The vase dates from Han Dynasty.（这个花瓶是于汉朝。）
（五）
Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese people’s daily life. ___1___ these proverbs there are often interesting stories. For example, the proverb, “plucking up a crop ___2___ (help) it grow”, is based on the following story. It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960—1279) was very anxious to help ___3___rice crop grow up quickly. He was thinking about ___4___ day and night. But the crop was growing much slower than he expected. One day, he came up with an idea ___5___ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. He did so the next day. He was very tired ___6___ doing this for a whole day, ___7___ he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” ___8___ (high)。
His son heard about this and went to see the crop. Unfortunately the leaves of the crop began to wither. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their ___9___ (nature) course. Being too anxious to help an event develop often ___10___ (result) in the contrary to our intention.
【答案详解】
1. Behind /In 考查介词。句意：在这些谚语背后往往有有趣的故事。该空无提示词，且位于句子开头，首字母应该用大写；此处指在这些谚语的背后，也就是说这些谚语所蕴涵的故事，所以介词behind/in符合语境。故答案为Behind /In。
2. to help 考查非谓语动词。句意：谚语“揠苗助长”就是基于下面的故事。plucking up a crop to help it grow的意思是“拔苗助长”，其中的不定式to help作目的状语。故答案为to help。
3. his 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：据说宋朝(960-1279)有一个脾气暴躁的人非常急于让他的水稻迅速生长。因前面提到的是a short-tempered man，此处用 his 表示“他的”修饰后面的名词rice crop。故答案为his。
4. it / this / that考查代词。句意：他日夜想着这件事。该空无提示词，用it / this / that来指代 help his rice crop grow up quickly 这件事。故答案为it / this / that。
5. that 考查同位语从句。句意：有一天，他想到了一个主意，他要把他所有的作物拔掉几英寸。该空后面是空前 idea的具体内容，所以此处是that引导的同位语从句，that只起引导作用不在从句中作任何成分。故答案为that。
6. after / from 考查介词。句意：经过一整天的工作,他很累,但他感到非常高兴,因为庄稼已经“生长”更高了。用 after 可以句意上得到解释，指工作了一整天之后感到很累了；用from可以从搭配上得到解释，因为 be tired from 为固定搭配，其意为“因为……而劳累”，其中的from 表原因。故答案为after / from。
7. but 考查并列连词。句意：经过一整天的工作,他很累,但他感到非常高兴,因为庄稼已经“生长”更高了。“做了一整天的工作很累，但是感到高兴”，前后是转折关系，所以该空要用表示转折的并列连词but。故答案为but。
8. higher 考查比较级。句意：经过一整天的工作,他很累,但他感到非常高兴,因为庄稼已经“生长”更高了。根据句意可知。此处指庄稼比“被拔”之前“长高”了，所以要用比较级。故答案为higher。
9. natural 考查形容词。句意：这句谚语的意思是，我们必须让事情顺其自然。句中course是名词，由形容词修饰，形容词位于名词前作定语；所给词nature是名词，其形容词是natural，natural course 指自然生长过程。故答案为natural。
10. results 考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：太急于帮助一件事的发展，结果往往与我们的意图相反。该句在描述一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时；因主语为动名词，谓语要用动词的第三人称单数形式；result in 为固定搭配，意为“导致……结果”。故答案为results。
【高考热点】
contrary to，意为“与......相反，违反”；on the contrary，意为“正相反”。
nature（名词），意为“大自然”——natural（形容词），意为“自然界的”——naturally（副词），意为“自然界地”。
prepare（动词），意为“准备”——preparation（名词）——be prepared to do sth.，意为“准备做某事”——make preparations for，意为“为......做准备”——in preparation for意为“为......做准备”。
with the help of sb./with one's help在某人的帮助下。
encourage sb. to do sth.，意为“鼓励某人做某事”——encouragement（名词），意为“鼓励”。
be involved in，意为“被卷入......中，涉及到”。
（六）
I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains. The sun was setting when my car ___1___ (break) down near a remote and poor village. Cursing my misfortune, I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to ___2___ should have the honor of receiving me ___3___ a guest in their house. Finally, I accepted the offer of an old woman who lived alone in a little house. While she was getting me ___4___ (settle) into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to ___5___ small town some 20 kilometres away___6___there was a garage.
I had noticed three hens running free in my hostess’s courtyard and that night one of them ended up in a dish on my table. ___7___ villagers brought me goat’s cheese and hone. We drank together and talked ___8___ (merry) till far into the night.
When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman ___9___the trouble I had caused ___10___.
【答案详解】
1. broke 考查一般过去时。句意：当我的汽车在一个偏远贫穷的村庄附近抛锚时，太阳正在落山。固定句型：“主语+was/were doing sth. when 主语+did+其他”，表示“正在做某事，这时候......”，因为前面用的是过去进行时，此句中的 when 意为“这时候”，后面用一般过去时，所给动词break的过去式是broke。故答案为broke。
2. who 考查宾语从句引导词。句意：我诅咒着我的不幸，正想着要到哪里去过夜，这时我意识到聚集在我周围的村民们正在争论谁能有幸在他们家里接待我。as to“至于，关于，就......而论”，是介词，后面是介词的宾语从句，从句缺少主语，也缺少引导词，这里所填从属连词指人，且用作主语，who符合语境。故答案为who。
3. as 考查介词。句意：我诅咒着我的不幸，正想着要到哪里去过夜，这时我意识到聚集在我周围的村民们正在争论谁能有幸在他们家里接待我。固定搭配：honour…as…，意为“把......当作......”，其中的 as是介词， 意为“作为”。故答案为as。
4. settled 考查过去分词。句意：当她把我安置在一个小而干净的房间里时，村长正把他的马拴在我的车上，把它拉到大约20公里外的一个小镇上，那里有一个车库。该空考查“get+宾语+过去分词”结构；句中宾语me和动词settle之间是被动关系，是过去分词作宾语补足语，getting me settled into…的意思是“我被安排住进......”。故答案为settled。
5. a 考查不定冠词。句意：当她把我安置在一个小而干净的房间里时，村长正把他的马拴在我的车上，把它拉到大约20公里外的一个小镇上，那里有一个车库。表示不确指概念，town是可数名词，此处指“一个小镇”，泛指，且small是以辅音音素开头的词，所以用不定冠词a。故答案为a。
6. where 考查定语从句。句意：当她把我安置在一个小而干净的房间里时，村长正把他的马拴在我的车上，把它拉到大约20公里外的一个小镇上，那里有一个车库。此处small town是先行词，在从句中作地点状语，，这里是关系副词where引导的定语从句修饰small town。故答案为where。
7. Other 考查形容词。句意：我注意到有三只母鸡在女主人的院子里自由地跑来跑去，那天晚上有一只跑到了我桌子上的盘子里。其他村民给我带来了山羊奶酪和羊奶。空后villagers是名词，该空要填一个限制词，根据上文提到的“女主人”，可知这里指的是“其他的”村民，形容词other“其他的”符合语境，且位于句子开头要用大写。故答案为Other。
8. merrily 考查副词。句意：我们一起喝酒，愉快地聊天，一直聊到深夜。drank and talked是动词，由副词修饰；所给词merry是形容词，其副词是merrily。
9. for 考查介词。句意：当我和村里的朋友们告别的时候，我想报答那位老妇人，因为我给她添了麻烦。固定搭配：reward sb for sth ，意为“因某事报答人”。故答案为for。
10. her 考查人称代词。句意：当我和村里的朋友们告别的时候，我想报答那位老妇人，因为我给她添了麻烦。因前面提到是一位 old woman，所以用her替代old woman作动词cause的宾语。故答案为her。
【高考热点】
be grateful to sb.“对某人感激”/be grateful for sth.“因某事而感激”/gratitude（名词）“感激，感激之情”。
assist（动词）“帮助”——assistant（名词）“助手，图书管理员”。
efficiency（名词）“效率”——efficient（形容词）“生效的，效率高的”——efficiently（副词）“高效地，有效地”。
impress（动词）“使留下深刻印象”——impressive（形容词）“给人印象深刻的”——impression（名词）“印象”/leave/make an impression on“给......留下印象”。
force sb. to do sth.“强迫某人做某事”；invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”；allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”；forbid sb. to do sth.“禁止某人做某事”。
choose to do sth.“选择做某事”；refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”；hesitate to do sth.“犹豫做某事”；hope to do sth.“希望做某事”；plan to do sth.“计划做某事”。
puzzle（动词）“使困惑”——puzzling（形容词）“令人迷惑的”——puzzled（形容词）“感到困惑的”。
（七）
Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult ___1___ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. She wished that he was as easy ___2___ (please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume.
Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not ___3___ pleasant experience：people stepped on your feet or ___4___ (push) you with their elbows (肘部), hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.
Jane paused in front of a counter ___5___ some attractive ties were on display. “They are real silk,” the assistant tried to attract her. “Worth double the price.” But Jane knew from past experience that her ___6___ (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father.
Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes ___7___ sale. She did not hesitate for long: although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please ___8___.
When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present in her bag, her parents were already ___9___ table having supper. Her mother was excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane ___10___ (inform).
【答案详解】
1. it 考查it的用法。句意：她记得为父亲挑选一件合适的圣诞礼物是多么困难。it在how引导的宾语从句中用作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father。故答案为it。
2. to please 考查非谓语动词。句意：她希望他能像她母亲那样容易取悦，她母亲总是喜欢用香水。固定句型：主语+be+形容词（good/nice/pleasant/easy/hard/difficult/comfortable...）+to do，其中动词不定式的宾语就是句子的主语，且动词不定式的主动表被动。故答案为to please。
3. a 考查不定冠词。句意：此外，在每年的这个时候购物并不是一件愉快的事。句中experience表示“经历”，是可数名词，这里指“一次愉快的经历”，且pleasant是以辅音音素开头的词，在其前面加a表示“一”。故答案为a。
4. pushed 考查一般过去时。句意：人们踩在你的脚上，或者用手肘推你，匆匆向前去买便宜货。句中or是并列连词，表示“或者”，将两个并列的谓语动词连接在一起，该空因与stepped并列，所以要用一般过去时。故答案为 pushed。
5. where 考查定语从句。句意：简在一个柜台前停了下来，那里陈列着一些漂亮的领带。句中counter 作先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，所以该空填where，此处是关系副词where引导的定语从句。故答案为where。
6. choice 考查名词。句意：但简从过去的经验中知道，她选择的领带几乎没有让父亲满意过。空前her是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词，所给词choose是动词，其名词形式是choice。故答案为choice。
7. on 考查介词。句意：她发现了一些质量很好的烟斗在出售。固定搭配：on sale意为“出售”。故答案为on。
8. him 考查人称代词。句意：她没有犹豫多久:虽然她父亲只是偶尔抽一根烟斗，但她知道这是一件一定会使他高兴的礼物。由于给父亲买礼物，所以应该是使父亲高兴；please him的意思是“使他高兴”，所以这用人称代词宾格him代替father作宾语。故答案为him。
9. at 考查固定搭配。句意：当简回到家，包里装着她精心挑选的小礼物时，她的父母已经在桌旁吃晚饭了。固定搭配：at table表示“在进餐”。故答案为at。
10. was informed 考查一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：“你父亲终于决定戒烟了，”简被告知。根据句意，这里在描述过去发生的事情，此处应用一般过去时，又因Jane与inform之间为被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，且句子主语Jane是第三人称单数形式，谓语动词中的be动词应该用was。故答案为was informed。
【高考热点】
inform sb. of sth.“告知某人某事”；warn sb. of sth.“警告某人某事”；rob sb. of sth.“抢劫某人某物”。
experience（可数名词）“经历”/（不可数名词）“经验”/（动词）经历，体验；experienced（形容词）“有经验的”/inexperienced（形容词）“没有经验的”/an experienced teacher“一位有经验的老师”。
quality（可数名词）“品质”/（不可数名词）“质量”；be of high quality“高质量”。
（八）
Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics ___1___ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane ____2____（view） as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. But Cobb and others ____3____ （be） now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and ____4____（change） their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, _____5_____（rough） 200 academics - many of them climate scientists ____6____ （promise） to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ___7___ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ___8___ time, they agreed. When the answer, was no, she, declined the ____9____ （invite）. That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans _______10_______（continue） the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ", she says, "a really positive change."
【答案详解】
that/who考查定语从句。句意：亚特兰大佐治亚理工学院(Georgia Institute of Technology)教授金·科布(Kim Cobb)是为数不多但不断增加的学者中的一员，他们正因气候变化而减少乘飞机旅行。句中名词academics是先行词，指人，后面的定语从句既缺少引导词又缺少主语，所以定语从句由关系代词who/that引导。故答案为that/who。
is viewed或has been viewed 考查被动语态。句意：经常乘飞机去参加会议、讲座、研讨会等活动被认为是科学家们聚在一起交流信息的重要途径。该句是动名词短语作主语，和谓语动词之间是被动关系，且这里在描述人们普遍认知的事情，所以此处是一般现在时的被动语态或现在完成时的被动语态，动名词作主语谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故答案为is viewed或has been viewed。
are考查一般现在时态和主谓一致。句意：但科布和其他人现在正在质疑推动会议提供更多远程参与机会的这种想法，并改变他们的个人行为，为应对气候变化危机尽自己的一份力量。该句在描述目前正在发生的动作，句子用现在进行时，且句子主语是Cobb and others，复数形式，所以现在进行时中的be动词用are。故答案为are。
changing考查现在分词。句意：但科布和其他人现在正在质疑推动会议提供更多远程参与机会的这种想法，并改变他们的个人行为，为应对气候变化危机尽自己的一份力量。分析句子结构可知，句子是现在进行时，be动词已经给出，句中动词questioning和change由并列连词and连接，在形式上保持一致，用现在分词构成现在进行时态。故答案为changing。
roughly考查副词。句意：例如，在一个名为“禁止飞行气候科学”(No Fly Climate Sci)的网站上，大约有200名学者——其中许多是气候科学家——承诺自两年前开始努力以来，尽可能少坐飞机。空后 200 是数字，由副词修饰，所给词rough是形容词，其副词是roughly“粗略地，大约”。故答案为roughly。
have promised考查动词时态。句意：例如，在一个名为“禁止飞行气候科学”(No Fly Climate Sci)的网站上，大约有200名学者——其中许多是气候科学家——承诺自两年前开始努力以来，尽可能少坐飞机。“since+过去时间”表示“自从......以来”，与现在完成时连用，根据 since the effort started two years ago可知，设空处用现在完成时，且句子主语 many of them climate scientists是复数形式，谓语动词也用复数。故答案为have promised。
whether或if 考查宾语从句。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行;大约四分之三的情况下，他们都同意。动词ask后面出现了一个宾语从句，宾语从句句意不完整，是疑问的语气，所以连词whether/if“是否”符合语境。故答案为whether或if。
the考查冠词。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行;大约四分之三的情况下，他们都同意。此处“特指”Cobb询问的时间中的四分之三，所以用定冠词the。故答案为the。
invitation 考查名词。句意：当答案是否定的时候，她拒绝了邀请。句中动词 declined后面用名词作宾语，且the用在名词前面，所给词invite是动词，其名词是invitation。故答案为invitation。
to continue 考查动词不定式。句意：这种做法使柯布去年的航空旅行减少了75%，她计划继续这种做法。动词plan后面跟动词不定式作宾语，plan to do sth“计划做某事”。故答案为to continue。
【高考热点】
behave（动词）“行为，表现”——behaviour（名词）“行为，举止”；create（动词）“创造”——creative（形容词）“有创造力的”——creativity（名词）“创造”；adventure（名词）“冒险”——adventurous（形容词）“冒险的”；compete（动词）“比赛”——competition（名词）“竞赛，比赛”——competitive（形容词）“具有竞争力的”。
spare（动词）“抽出，匀出”/（形容词）“备用的，业余的”/spare no effort不遗余力，不惜一切。
record（动词）“记录，录制”/（名词）“记录”。
a sense of“一种......感”。
be beneficial to“对......是有益的”。
pace（名词）步速/（动词）踱步/keep pace with与......并驾齐驱。
simple（形容词）“简单的，简朴的”——simply（副词）“简单地”——simplicity（名词）“简单，简朴”。专练02 备战2023年高考——英语语法填空之高考真题专练（8篇）【原卷版】（一）
A young man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water. ____1____water was sweet. He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to the elder _______2____ had been his teacher .After a four-day journey, the young man_____3___. (present) the water to the old man. His teacher took a deep drink,smiled____4_____ (warm), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. The young man went home____5______a happy heart.
After the student left, the teacher let __6___student taste the water. He spit it out, __7___ (say) it was awful. Apparently, it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container. He asked his teacher,“Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like ___8____ ”
The teacher replied,” You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be ___9___ (sweet).”
We understand this lesson best ____10___ we receive gifts of love from children. Whether it is a cheap pipe or a diamond necklace, the proper response is appreciation. We love the idea within the gift rather than the thing.
（二）
Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, __1__ (wear) sun glasses. He walked in as if he __2__ (buy) the school. And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City.
For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt __3__ (please), because there were many empty seats in the room. But she quickly realized that it wasn’t her, it was probably the fact that she sat in __4__ last row.
__5__ he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong. It might have made it a little __6__ (hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didn’t stop the kids in the class. Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, __7__ made her feel like a star.
“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons ” the teacher asked. The new boy shook his head. “Then I’d appreciate it if you didn’t wear them in class. I like to look at your eyes when I’m speaking to you.” the new boy looked at the teacher __8__ a few seconds and all the other students wondered __9__ the boy would do. Then he took __10__ off, gave a big smile and said, “That’s cool.”
（三）
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ____1____ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ____2____ studied； however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000﹣25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modern methods ____3____tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid﹣1980s,and are expensive ____4____（perform） consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut ____5____（report） increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ____6____（believe） that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by ____7____（note） that hungry bears may be congregating（聚集） around human settlements, leading to the illusion（错觉） that populations are ____8____（high） than they actually are. Of ____9____nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ________（be） stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
（四）
Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia's biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top __1__ (attract)．
So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not for profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research. I __2__ (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600 acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be __3__ (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back __4__ my days on a TV show in the mid 1980s, __5__ I was the first Western TV reporter __6__ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include __7__ (introduce) British visitors to the 120 plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
On my recent visit, I held a lively three month old twin that had been rejected by __8__ (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few __9__(day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle fed, __10__ other is with mum—she never suspects.
（五）
Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese people’s daily life. ___1___ these proverbs there are often interesting stories. For example, the proverb, “plucking up a crop ___2___ (help) it grow”, is based on the following story. It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960—1279) was very anxious to help ___3___rice crop grow up quickly. He was thinking about ___4___ day and night. But the crop was growing much slower than he expected. One day, he came up with an idea ___5___ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. He did so the next day. He was very tired ___6___ doing this for a whole day, ___7___ he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” ___8___ (high)。
His son heard about this and went to see the crop. Unfortunately the leaves of the crop began to wither. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their ___9___ (nature) course. Being too anxious to help an event develop often ___10___ (result) in the contrary to our intention.
（六）
I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains. The sun was setting when my car ___1___ (break) down near a remote and poor village. Cursing my misfortune, I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to ___2___ should have the honor of receiving me ___3___ a guest in their house. Finally, I accepted the offer of an old woman who lived alone in a little house. While she was getting me ___4___ (settle) into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to ___5___ small town some 20 kilometres away___6___there was a garage.
I had noticed three hens running free in my hostess’s courtyard and that night one of them ended up in a dish on my table. ___7___ villagers brought me goat’s cheese and hone. We drank together and talked ___8___ (merry) till far into the night.
When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman ___9___the trouble I had caused ___10___.
（七）
Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult ___1___ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. She wished that he was as easy ___2___ (please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume.
Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not ___3___ pleasant experience：people stepped on your feet or ___4___ (push) you with their elbows (肘部), hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.
Jane paused in front of a counter ___5___ some attractive ties were on display. “They are real silk,” the assistant tried to attract her. “Worth double the price.” But Jane knew from past experience that her ___6___ (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father.
Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes ___7___ sale. She did not hesitate for long: although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please ___8___.
When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present in her bag, her parents were already ___9___ table having supper. Her mother was excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane ___10___ (inform).
（八）
Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics ___1___ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane ____2____（view） as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. But Cobb and others ____3____ （be） now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and ____4____（change） their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, _____5_____（rough） 200 academics - many of them climate scientists ____6____ （promise） to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ___7___ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ___8___ time, they agreed. When the answer, was no, she, declined the ____9____ （invite）. That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans _______10_______（continue） the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ", she says, "a really positive change."
