语法精析第六讲动词（一）动词的分类

课件127张PPT。第六讲　动　词
动词的分类动词的分类 注意 有的动词有时作及物动词，有时作不及物动词，区分它们是及物还是不及物要看其后是否直接跟宾语。
He lives in Beijing. 他住在北京。
解析：live后面没有宾语，故live用作不及物动词。
He lives a happy life. 他过着幸福的生活。
解析：live后面有宾语a happy life，故live用作及物动词。
1．(2013·青岛)—You look sad. What has happened?
—Everyone ________ us to win the match, but we lost.
A．expects　　 B．expected
C．hopes　　 D．hoped
解析：考查动词辨析。句意为“你看起来很难过，发生什么事了？”“每个人都盼望着我们比赛获胜，但我们输了。”可以说expect sb. to do sth.不能说hope sb. to do sth.，由lost可知用过去式，故答案为B项。
答案：B2．If you eat bad food, you ________ ill.
A．may be B．can't be
C．must D．maybe
解析：考查情态动词用法。may为情态动词，后加动词原形；maybe为副词，意为“大概，也许”，主句缺少谓语动词，故选A。
答案：A
3．(2013·安徽)The people in Ya'an have met lots of difficulties, but they haven't ________ hope.
A．picked up B．given up
C．looked for D．waited for
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意为“雅安人民遇到了很多困难，但是他们从没放弃希望”。pick up“拾起，拿起”；give up“放弃”；look for“寻找”；wait for“等，等待”。根据句意可知选B。
答案：B4．(2013·山西)In April, the weather in some places in Shanxi was really changeable. People still remember they have ________ four seasons in a week.
A．organized B．experienced
C．described
解析：句意为“在四月，山西一些地方的天气真的是变化无常。人们仍然记得他们一周内经历了四个季节”。organize“组织”；experience“经历”；describe“描述”。由句意可知选B项。
答案：B5．—Why do you want to stay at home?
—Because I ________ good when I am with my family.
A．smell B．feel C．taste D．sound
解析：考查系动词辨析。句意为“你为什么想待在家里？”“因为我感觉和家人待在一起很好。”smell“闻起来”；feel“感觉，觉得”；taste“尝起来”；sound“听起来”。故选B。
答案：B6．A concert will be held to ________ money for homeless people.
A．collect B．give up
C．send D．spend
解析：句意为“为了给无家可归的人筹款，将会举办一场音乐会”。collect“收集，募集”；give up“放弃”；send“送”；spend“花费”。根据题意选A。
答案：A7．(2013·天津)He ________ an English club last year and has improved his English a lot.
A．protected B ．produced
C．joined D．received
解析：句意为“去年，他参加了一个英语俱乐部，他的英语已经提高了许多”。protect“保护”；produce“生产”；join“参加”；receive“收到”。由句意可知选C项。
答案：C8．(2013·重庆)Oh, it ________ so nice. What beautiful music it is!
A．smells B．sounds
C．tastes D．looks
解析：考查系动词。句意为“哦，它听起来是那么好听。多美妙的音乐啊！”由句中的music可知应用sounds(听起来)。故答案为B项。
答案：B9．(2013·青岛)—Do you know why he didn't ________ a word when he ________ to?
—Because he was too nervous.
A．speak; speaks B．say; was spoken
C．say; spoke D．speak; is spoken
解析：考查动词辨析和时态。句意为“你知道吗？当别人和他说话时他一言不发。”“因为他太紧张了。”say意为“说，讲”，着重说话的内容，符合语境；speak指说某种语言。第二空表示“别人和他说话”，因此，he与speak之间存在被动关系；由“he didn't”可知，时态为一般过去时，因此，第二空应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
答案：B10．(2013·河南)If you want to change the world, you have to ________ yourself first.
A．enjoy B．check C．help D．change
解析：考查动词辨析。句意为“如果你想改变这个世界，首先你不得不改变你自己”。enjoy“享受”；check“检查”；help“帮助”；change“改变”。根据语境中的change the world和first可知答案为D项。
答案：D11．(2013·烟台)My bike is broken. Could you help me to ________？
A．fix it up B．set it up
C．make it up D．put it up
解析：考查动词短语的辨析。句意为“我的自行车坏了，你能帮我修一下吗？”fix up“修理”；set up“建立，设立”；make up“组成”；put up“张贴”。根据句意可知答案为A。
答案：A12．(2013·江西)Anna is going on a tour of Xi'an, and she wants to ________ Chinese history.
A．dream of B．learn about
C．look through D．pass on
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意为“Anna打算去西安旅行，她想了解中国历史”。dream of“梦想”；learn about“了解”；look through“浏览”；pass on“传递”。根据句意可知答案为B项。
答案：B13．You ________ wear sports shoes when you climb a mountain.
A．can't B．shouldn't
C．mustn't D．have to
解析：考查情态动词用法。have to＝must“必须，不得不”。
答案：D
14．The baby feels ________ while his mother holds him in her arms.
A．save B．safe C．safely D．safety
解析：句意为“婴儿的妈妈用胳膊抱着他的时候，他感到安全”。save动词，意为“节省”；safe形容词，意为“安全的”；safely副词，意为“安全地”；safety名词，意为“安全”。feel是感官动词，后常接形容词构成系表结构。故选B。
答案：B15．To protect the environment, supermarkets don't ________ free plastic bags for shoppers.
A．take B．show
C．provide D．carry
解析：句意为“为了保护环境，超市不给购物者提供免费的塑料袋”。take“带走”；show“展示”；provide“提供”；carry“运送”。根据句意可知答案为C项。
答案：C强化训练 6 动词的分类1.(2013· 安徽)I will meet Jane at the station. Please________ what time she will arrive.
A．count B．choose C．check D．catch
解析：考查动词词义辨析。count“计算”；choose“选择”；check“核对，查对”；catch“抓住”。由句意可知选C。
答案：C
2．(2013·上海)—Must I go to medical school and be a doctor like you，Dad?
—No, you________， son.You're free to make your own decision.
A．can't B．mustn't C．shouldn't D．needn't
解析：考查情态动词的用法。must引导的问句的否定答语要用needn't。故选D。
答案：D
3．(2013·连云港)—Would you please see the film Iron Man 3 with me tonight, Kate?
—I'd love to, but I've________ Linda's invitation to dinner.
A．suffered B．earned
C．received D．accepted解析：考查动词词义辨析。suffer“遭受”；earn“获得”；receive“收到”；accept“接受”。根据but可知，已经接受了赴宴的邀请。accept an invitation“接受邀请”，故选D。
答案：D
4．The roof of the house needs repairing.It's raining now, you'd better get something to________ rain drops.
A．control B．cover C．carry D．catch
解析：考查动词辨析。catch rain drops“接住/装雨水”，符合语境。故选D。
答案：D
5．(2013·武汉)—What does the instruction say?
—The colors in the dress will ________ if you use hot water.
A．fall B．appear C．run D．shine
解析：fall“掉下；落下”；appear“显现；出现”；run“跑；褪色”；shine“发光；闪耀”。根据生活常识可知，有些衣服如果用热水洗会褪色。故选C。
答案：C6．—I won't have time to go shopping with you this afternoon.
—But you________ me yesterday.
A．ordered B．mentioned
C．promised D．knew
解析：考查动词辨析。order“命令”；mention“涉及”；promise“许诺”；know“知道”。根据转折词But可知，此处表示“你昨天许诺了要和我一起去购物”，故选C。
答案：C7．(2013·菏泽)—Why do you collect so many old bikes?
—I'll have them________and give away to the children who don't have bikes.
A．used up B．given up
C．fixed up D．set up
解析：考查动词短语辨析。use up“用尽”；give up“放弃”；fix up“修理”；set up“建立”。句意为“我将让人修理它们并送给那些没有自行车的孩子”。have sth. done 表示“让别人做某事”，故选C。
答案：C
8．(2013·广东)Again and again the doctor________ the crying baby girl, but he couldn't find out what was wrong with her.
A．looked over B．looked after
C．looked for D．looked out
解析：考查动词短语辨析。look over“检查，查看”；look after“照顾”；look for“寻找”；look out“小心，当心”。由句意可知选A项。
答案：A9．(2013·莱芜)The little boy ________ his seat to an old lady on the crowded bus.
A．lent B．offered C．took D．brought
解析：考查动词辨析。lend“借(出)”；offer“给予”；take“带(走)”；bring“带(来)”。句意为“在拥挤的公共汽车上这个小男孩主动将座位让给一位老太太”。故选B。
答案：B
10．—Do you have Jay's CDs?
—Sorry, they are ________.But we'll get some more next week because they ________.
A．sold well; are on sale B．sold out; sell well
C．selling well; sell well D．for sale; sell well
解析：考查固定词组搭配。sell out“卖完”，可以用被动语态；sell well“畅销”，不能用被动语态。句意为“你有Jay的唱片吗？”“对不起，已经卖光了。但是我们在下周将再进一些来，因为很畅销”。故选B。
答案：B
11．(2013·济宁)—Do you know the price of the ticket?
—Yes. Each ________ ￥ 180.
A．pays B．costs C．takes D．spends
解析：pay“花费(金钱)”，主语是表示人的词语；cost意为“花费”时，主语必须是表示物的词语；take一般情况下指“花费时间”，多用it作形式主语；spend意为“花费”时，主语是表示人的词语。主语each代指ticket，表示物，因此只能用cost。故选B。
答案：B12．—What smells terrible, Ted?
—I'm sorry.I'll________ my shoes and wash them at once.
A．take away B．give away
C．move away D．get away
解析：考查动词短语辨析。take away“拿走”；give away“分发，泄露”；move away“移动”；get away“离开”。根据“什么闻起来这么难闻”以及“I'm sorry.”可知，此处表示“我马上把我的鞋拿去洗”，故选A。
答案：A13．After winning the badminton championship at Wuhan Sports Center in May, the Chinese players' faces ________ with joy.
A．made up　 B．took up　 C．put up　 D．lit up
解析：考查动词短语辨析。make up“组成，构成”；take up“占用，开始从事”；put up“张贴，举起”；light up“(使)变得喜悦，(使)兴奋起来”。根据“winning the badminton championship”可知选D。
答案：D14．(2013·襄阳)—Show me your homework, Dave?
—Sorry, Mrs. Brown. I've ________ it at home.
A．missed B．forgotten C．lost D．left
解析：miss“想念”；forget“忘记”；lose“丢失”；leave“忘在……(地方)”。forget常构成forget to do sth.“忘记做某事”，forget doing sth.“忘记做过某事”；leave作“忘记”讲时，多指“把某物忘在某地”。句意为“给我看看你的作业行吗，Dave？”“对不起，布朗太太，我把作业忘在家里了。”结合语境可知选D。
答案：D
15．(2013·菏泽)You are________to type quickly when talking to each other on QQ so the other person doesn't get bored.
A．suggested B．supported
C．taught D．supposed
解析：考查动词词义辨析。suggest“建议”；support“支持”；teach“教”；be supposed to do则表示“应该做某事”，符合句意。
答案：D16．(2013·滨州)—So many problems! I'm tired.
—You should try to________ them by yourself. You are not a child any longer.
A．get into B．get off
C．get on D．get over
解析：考查动词短语辨析。get into“陷入”；get off“下车”；get on“上车”；get over“克服”。“克服困难”应该用get over，故选D。
答案：D17．(2013·重庆)We'll________ an English play “Snow White” during this year's Art Festival.
A．look up B．look out
C．put off D．put on
解析：考查动词短语的辨析。look up“查找”；look out“当心”；put off“推迟”；put on“穿上；表演”。根据句意“表演英语剧”可以判断用put on。故选D。
答案：D18．—________ I swim here?
—I'm sorry.Children ________ swim alone here.
A．Must; can't B．May; must
C．Can; mustn't D．Can't; can
解析：考查情态动词的用法。must“必须”；can“可以”，用于拜托或请求；mustn't“不许”，表禁止；can't“不能”；may“可以”。句意“我可以在这里游泳吗？”“对不起。孩子们不许在这里单独游泳。”问句表示请求，答语表示禁止。故选C。
答案：C
19．—Excuse me, whose Japanese book is this?
—It ________ be Tom's.In our class, only he is studying Japanese.
A．must B．can't
C．would D．can
解析：考查情态动词。根据“In our class, only he is studying Japanese.”可知，日语书一定是汤姆的。must表示肯定推测和判断，意为“肯定，一定”。故选A。
答案：A20．(2013·荆门)—Sam, my iPhone is in my bedroom. Could you ________ it for me?
—No problem.
A．bring B．fetch C．take D．carry
解析：考查动词辨析。take指把东西“从近处带到远处”，bring指把东西“从远处带到近处”，fetch指“去把东西取来”，carry一般指把东西“带走”，且是较重的物品。本题根据句意是“去取来”，所以选择B。
答案：B21．—Mom，must I clean my room now?
—No，you ________.You can do it tomorrow.
A．can‘t　 B．needn’t　
C．mustn‘t　 D．shouldn't
解析：考查情态动词的用法。英语中，由情态动词must构成的一般疑问句，其肯定回答用Yes，...must.；否定回答用No，...needn't.。由答语中的“No”及“You can do it tomorrow.”可知，此处是否定回答，故选B。
答案：B22．—Is Maria knocking at the door?
—It________ be her.She is in Australia now.
A．may not B．needn't
C．mustn't D．can't
解析：考查情态动词。may不用于否定的推测；needn't“不需要”；mustn't“禁止”；can't表示否定的推测。根据答语“她现在在澳大利亚”可知，此处表示“否定的推测”，意思是“不可能是她”。故选D。
答案：D23．Last year I ________ drive.I used to take the bus.
A．could　B．couldn't　C．should　D．shouldn't
解析：考查情态动词。由“I used to take the bus.”可知，去年“我”不会开车。couldn't意为“不会，不能”，符合语境。故选B。
答案：B
24．Now you ________ stop your car when the traffic lights turn yellow.
A．must B．can't C．might
解析：考查情态动词。句意为“现在，当交通信号灯变成黄色的时候你就必须把车停下来”。must“必须”；can't“不能”；might“可能”。根据句意可知选A。
答案：A
25．—I hear you've got a new iPhone 4S.________ I have a look?
—Yes, certainly.
A．May B．Do
C．Shall D．Should
解析：考查情态动词的用法。请求看对方的手机应该用比较委婉的语气，may在表示许可或请求许可时，语气委婉，故选A。
答案：A