人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land Discovering Useful Structures课件（22张PPT）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land Discovering Useful Structures课件（22张PPT） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-12-28 16:29:09 | ||
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(共22张PPT)
Grammar
the past participae form
as predicative and adverbials
Learning Objectives
In this class, you will
1. know the different meanings and functions of the past participae form as predicative and adverbials.
2. practice and futher consolidate the use of the past participae form as predicative and adverbials.
[探究发现]
1.The next day was clear and mild,and they were pleased to see the beautiful mountains looking out over the city.
2.Seen from the train window,the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.
3.When we heard of it,we were deeply moved.
4.I stared at the moving model of the waste machine,absorbed by its efficiency.
[我的发现]
(1)___________句是过去分词作表语
(2)____________句是过去分词（短语）作状语
1和3
2和4
要点规则详析
一、过去分词作表语
1.过去分词可用在系动词be,get,feel,remain,seem,look,become等之后作表语，表示主语所处的状态。
He seemed quite delighted at the news.
听到那个消息他似乎很高兴。
The door remained unlocked when I went back home.
我回家时门仍然未锁。
[即时训练1]
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①In April,thousands of holidaymakers remained _________ (stick) abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.
②Ladies and gentlemen,please remain __________(seat)until the plane has come to a complete stop.
(2)完成句子
③Why do you always_________
你为什么总是看上去很疲劳？
④I ______________________ the film I saw last night.I had expected it to be better.
我对昨晚看的电影很失望。我原以为它能好些。
stuck
seated
look tired
was disappointed at
2.过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别
过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态，而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。
The cup is broken. 杯子破了。（系表结构）
The cup was broken by Tom.杯子是汤姆打破的。（被动语态）
[即时训练2】对比翻译
①这本书写得很好。
________________________________________
②这本书是由一名著名的作家写的。
_________________________________________________
The book is well written.
The book was written by a famous writer.
3.感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别
过去分词作表语多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态，常译作“感到…的”；现在分词多表示事物具有的特性，常译作“令人…的”。
We were surprised at what he said at the meeting.
我们对他在会上讲的话很是惊讶。
His words are discouraging,which made many people discouraged.
他的话令人泄气，使得很多人灰心丧气。
[名师点津]
英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉的”，多用来修饰物；其过去分词含有被动意义，即“人被引起某种感觉的”，多用来指人、人的声音或表情等。
即时训练3
用所给词的适当形式填空
①We were___________ at the result of the experiment,because it was a bit too _______________. (disappoint)
②The news was __________ and they were all __________ at it.(excite)
③We all felt_____________ atthe _____________ news.(encourage)
④The audience were all________ to tears by the __________ film.(move)
disappointed
disappointing
exciting
excited
encouraged
encouraging
moved
moving
二、过去分词（短语）作状语
(一)过去分词（短语）作状语的用法过去分词（短语）作状语，一般在句子中表示时间、让步、条件、原因、方式、伴随和结果，相当于个状语从句。其逻辑主语为主句的主语，且与其逻辑主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。
1.作时间状语
相当于时间状语从句。可在过去分词前加上连词“when,while,unti”等，使其时间意义更明确
Seen from the top of the hill,the town looks more beautiful.
=When it is seen from the top of the hill,the town looks more beautiful.
从山顶往下看，这座城镇看起来更加漂亮。
2.作原因状语 相当于原因状语从句或并列结构。
Deeply moved by the story,the children began to cry.
=Because they were deeply moved by the story,the children began to cry.
由于被故事深深地感动，孩子们开始哭了起来。
3.作条件状语
相当于条件状语从句。可加连词if，unless等转换成条件状语从句。
Given more time,we could do it much better.
=If we were given more time,we could do it much better.
多给我们，点时间，我们会做得更好
4.作让步状语
相当于让步状语从句。有时可加although，though,even if,even though, whether or 等连词转换成让步状语从句。
Defeated by his opponent,he never gave up any hope.
=Although he was defeated by his opponent, he never gave up any hope.
尽管被对手击败，但是他从来没放弃希望。
5.作方式和伴随状语 相当于and连接的并列结构。
The president of the company cmetoth factory,followed by some workers.
=The president of the company came toth factoryand he was followed bysome orker
公司总经理在几位工人的陪同下来到工厂，
[名师点津]
值得注意的是，有些过去分词及短语因来源于系表结构，作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost(迷路)，seated(坐)，hidden(躲)，lost/absorbed(沉溺于)，dressed in(穿着)，tired of(厌烦)
Lost in thought,he didn't hear the bell.
由于陷入沉思之中，他没有听到铃声。
即时训练4
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①__________(found)in the early 20century,the school keeps on inspiring childre love of art.
②When _______(ask）for his views about his teaching job,Philip said he fou very interesting and rewarding.
③_____ (use)with care,one tin last for six weeks.
(2)同义句转换
④United,we stand;divided,we fall.
___________________, we stand; _________________, we fall.
⑤Seriously injured,he had to be taken to hospital.
__________________________________, he had to be taken to the hospital.
Founded
asked
USed
If we are united
if we are divided
Because he was seriously injured
⑥Though he was wounded,the brave soldier continued to fight.
______________, the brave soldier continued to fight.
⑦When he was asked about his family,he made no answer.
______________________________, he made no answer.
⑧The president entered the hall,and he accompanied by a group of leaders.
The president entered the hall, ____________________________
Wounded
When asked about his family
accompanied by a group of leaders.
①Done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes.
因为做得匆忙，他的作业满是错。
②He stood there silently, moved to tears.＝Moved to tears, he stood there silently.
他静静地站在那里，被感动地热泪盈眶。
③Defeated again，the scientist didn't give up.
尽管再次被打败了，但这位科学家并没有放弃。
④Seen from the air，the Great Wall looks like a giant dragon.
从空中看，长城像一条巨龙。
⑤Children, when accompanied by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.
当孩子们由父母陪同时，他们才被允许进入这个运动场。
(二)过去分词（短语）作状语时在句中的位置
过去分词（短语）作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随、结果状语时，通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首；作让步状语时，一般放在句首，有时也放在句末。
Told that his mother was ill,Li Lei hurried home quickly.
得知母亲生病了，李雷迅速赶回了家。
The old man walked into the room,supported by his son.
老人在儿子的搀扶下走进了房间。
(三)过去分词的独立结构作状语
过去分词作状语时，有时在分词前加上自己的主语，这种带有自身主语的过去分词被称为过去分词的独立主格结构。过去分词的独立主格结构通常在句中作状语，可表示时间、原因条件等。
Extra money given to the poor,he felt very happy.
=Because extra money was given to the poor, he felt very happy.
因额外给了穷人一些钱，他感到很高兴
即时训练 用独立主格结构作状语改写句子
①The plan was successfully carried out,and everything worked out perfectly.
____________________________,everything worked out perfectly.
②The boy was knocked over,and blood streamed down his head.
___________________, blood streamed down his head.
③After the task had been completed,we had a global travelling.
__________________, we had a global travelling.
The plan successfully carried out
The boy knocked over
The task completed
(四)过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别
过去分词与其逻辑主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表示被动；现在分词与其逻辑主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表示主动。
[巧学助记]分词作状语记忆口诀
分词作状语，主语是问题。
前后两动作，共用一主语。
主语找出后，再来判关系。
主动用-ing,被动用-ed。
Asked why he was late,he cried. 被问到他为什么迟到时，他哭了。
Looking out of the window,I saw some students playing there.
我朝窗外望去，看见几个学生正在那边玩耍。
[名师点津]无论是现在分词还是过去分词，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。如果不一致，则必须用状语从句，独立主格结构等其他表达形式。
If caught,the police will punish the thief.(x)
If caught,the thief will be punished by the police.(√)
If the thief is caught,the police will punish the thief.(√)
即时训练6
用所给词的适当形式填空
①__________ (find)the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.
②Time, _________ (use)correctly,is money in the bank.
③__________ (use)the book,I find it useful.
④___________ (worry)about his son's safety, he didn't sleep well.
⑤____________ (hear)the joke,I couldn't help laughing.
Finding
used
Using
Worried
Hearing
Grammar
the past participae form
as predicative and adverbials
Learning Objectives
In this class, you will
1. know the different meanings and functions of the past participae form as predicative and adverbials.
2. practice and futher consolidate the use of the past participae form as predicative and adverbials.
[探究发现]
1.The next day was clear and mild,and they were pleased to see the beautiful mountains looking out over the city.
2.Seen from the train window,the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.
3.When we heard of it,we were deeply moved.
4.I stared at the moving model of the waste machine,absorbed by its efficiency.
[我的发现]
(1)___________句是过去分词作表语
(2)____________句是过去分词（短语）作状语
1和3
2和4
要点规则详析
一、过去分词作表语
1.过去分词可用在系动词be,get,feel,remain,seem,look,become等之后作表语，表示主语所处的状态。
He seemed quite delighted at the news.
听到那个消息他似乎很高兴。
The door remained unlocked when I went back home.
我回家时门仍然未锁。
[即时训练1]
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①In April,thousands of holidaymakers remained _________ (stick) abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.
②Ladies and gentlemen,please remain __________(seat)until the plane has come to a complete stop.
(2)完成句子
③Why do you always_________
你为什么总是看上去很疲劳？
④I ______________________ the film I saw last night.I had expected it to be better.
我对昨晚看的电影很失望。我原以为它能好些。
stuck
seated
look tired
was disappointed at
2.过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别
过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态，而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。
The cup is broken. 杯子破了。（系表结构）
The cup was broken by Tom.杯子是汤姆打破的。（被动语态）
[即时训练2】对比翻译
①这本书写得很好。
________________________________________
②这本书是由一名著名的作家写的。
_________________________________________________
The book is well written.
The book was written by a famous writer.
3.感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别
过去分词作表语多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态，常译作“感到…的”；现在分词多表示事物具有的特性，常译作“令人…的”。
We were surprised at what he said at the meeting.
我们对他在会上讲的话很是惊讶。
His words are discouraging,which made many people discouraged.
他的话令人泄气，使得很多人灰心丧气。
[名师点津]
英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉的”，多用来修饰物；其过去分词含有被动意义，即“人被引起某种感觉的”，多用来指人、人的声音或表情等。
即时训练3
用所给词的适当形式填空
①We were___________ at the result of the experiment,because it was a bit too _______________. (disappoint)
②The news was __________ and they were all __________ at it.(excite)
③We all felt_____________ atthe _____________ news.(encourage)
④The audience were all________ to tears by the __________ film.(move)
disappointed
disappointing
exciting
excited
encouraged
encouraging
moved
moving
二、过去分词（短语）作状语
(一)过去分词（短语）作状语的用法过去分词（短语）作状语，一般在句子中表示时间、让步、条件、原因、方式、伴随和结果，相当于个状语从句。其逻辑主语为主句的主语，且与其逻辑主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。
1.作时间状语
相当于时间状语从句。可在过去分词前加上连词“when,while,unti”等，使其时间意义更明确
Seen from the top of the hill,the town looks more beautiful.
=When it is seen from the top of the hill,the town looks more beautiful.
从山顶往下看，这座城镇看起来更加漂亮。
2.作原因状语 相当于原因状语从句或并列结构。
Deeply moved by the story,the children began to cry.
=Because they were deeply moved by the story,the children began to cry.
由于被故事深深地感动，孩子们开始哭了起来。
3.作条件状语
相当于条件状语从句。可加连词if，unless等转换成条件状语从句。
Given more time,we could do it much better.
=If we were given more time,we could do it much better.
多给我们，点时间，我们会做得更好
4.作让步状语
相当于让步状语从句。有时可加although，though,even if,even though, whether or 等连词转换成让步状语从句。
Defeated by his opponent,he never gave up any hope.
=Although he was defeated by his opponent, he never gave up any hope.
尽管被对手击败，但是他从来没放弃希望。
5.作方式和伴随状语 相当于and连接的并列结构。
The president of the company cmetoth factory,followed by some workers.
=The president of the company came toth factoryand he was followed bysome orker
公司总经理在几位工人的陪同下来到工厂，
[名师点津]
值得注意的是，有些过去分词及短语因来源于系表结构，作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost(迷路)，seated(坐)，hidden(躲)，lost/absorbed(沉溺于)，dressed in(穿着)，tired of(厌烦)
Lost in thought,he didn't hear the bell.
由于陷入沉思之中，他没有听到铃声。
即时训练4
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①__________(found)in the early 20century,the school keeps on inspiring childre love of art.
②When _______(ask）for his views about his teaching job,Philip said he fou very interesting and rewarding.
③_____ (use)with care,one tin last for six weeks.
(2)同义句转换
④United,we stand;divided,we fall.
___________________, we stand; _________________, we fall.
⑤Seriously injured,he had to be taken to hospital.
__________________________________, he had to be taken to the hospital.
Founded
asked
USed
If we are united
if we are divided
Because he was seriously injured
⑥Though he was wounded,the brave soldier continued to fight.
______________, the brave soldier continued to fight.
⑦When he was asked about his family,he made no answer.
______________________________, he made no answer.
⑧The president entered the hall,and he accompanied by a group of leaders.
The president entered the hall, ____________________________
Wounded
When asked about his family
accompanied by a group of leaders.
①Done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes.
因为做得匆忙，他的作业满是错。
②He stood there silently, moved to tears.＝Moved to tears, he stood there silently.
他静静地站在那里，被感动地热泪盈眶。
③Defeated again，the scientist didn't give up.
尽管再次被打败了，但这位科学家并没有放弃。
④Seen from the air，the Great Wall looks like a giant dragon.
从空中看，长城像一条巨龙。
⑤Children, when accompanied by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.
当孩子们由父母陪同时，他们才被允许进入这个运动场。
(二)过去分词（短语）作状语时在句中的位置
过去分词（短语）作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随、结果状语时，通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首；作让步状语时，一般放在句首，有时也放在句末。
Told that his mother was ill,Li Lei hurried home quickly.
得知母亲生病了，李雷迅速赶回了家。
The old man walked into the room,supported by his son.
老人在儿子的搀扶下走进了房间。
(三)过去分词的独立结构作状语
过去分词作状语时，有时在分词前加上自己的主语，这种带有自身主语的过去分词被称为过去分词的独立主格结构。过去分词的独立主格结构通常在句中作状语，可表示时间、原因条件等。
Extra money given to the poor,he felt very happy.
=Because extra money was given to the poor, he felt very happy.
因额外给了穷人一些钱，他感到很高兴
即时训练 用独立主格结构作状语改写句子
①The plan was successfully carried out,and everything worked out perfectly.
____________________________,everything worked out perfectly.
②The boy was knocked over,and blood streamed down his head.
___________________, blood streamed down his head.
③After the task had been completed,we had a global travelling.
__________________, we had a global travelling.
The plan successfully carried out
The boy knocked over
The task completed
(四)过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别
过去分词与其逻辑主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表示被动；现在分词与其逻辑主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表示主动。
[巧学助记]分词作状语记忆口诀
分词作状语，主语是问题。
前后两动作，共用一主语。
主语找出后，再来判关系。
主动用-ing,被动用-ed。
Asked why he was late,he cried. 被问到他为什么迟到时，他哭了。
Looking out of the window,I saw some students playing there.
我朝窗外望去，看见几个学生正在那边玩耍。
[名师点津]无论是现在分词还是过去分词，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。如果不一致，则必须用状语从句，独立主格结构等其他表达形式。
If caught,the police will punish the thief.(x)
If caught,the thief will be punished by the police.(√)
If the thief is caught,the police will punish the thief.(√)
即时训练6
用所给词的适当形式填空
①__________ (find)the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.
②Time, _________ (use)correctly,is money in the bank.
③__________ (use)the book,I find it useful.
④___________ (worry)about his son's safety, he didn't sleep well.
⑤____________ (hear)the joke,I couldn't help laughing.
Finding
used
Using
Worried
Hearing