2023届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题三 名词和主谓一致综合训练（A卷）
一、填空
1.A new study has found no evident _____(prove) that sunscreen increases the risk of skin cancer.
2.Facing the serious situation, the hospital has set up medical tents to avoid cross _____(infect) among patients.
3.The town has changed beyond ____________(recognize) since I was last here.
4.While crossing a road, you must pay attention to the _______ (surround), such as the traffic lights.
5.With everything done, we felt a sense of _______________ (achieve).
6.I owe you an__________(apologize) for what I said this morning.
7.As we had expected, _______________ (curious) drove Jim inside.
8.He hates ________________ (violent) in any form.
9.Having rid the company of heavy debts, the manager smiled with ____________ (satisfy).
10.Today we have the _______________(free) to decide our own prospects.
11.The number of the audience _____(be) so large that no seat was left in the grand hall.
12.For people on high incomes, a city provides a colorful environment which _____(enable) them to enjoy their modem life.
13.Every student together with teachers who are to visit the museum _____ (be) asked to be at the school gate before 8: 30 in the morning.
14.Reading classical novels and making some social investigations ________(be) assignments for the students during the holiday.
15.Generally, students' inner motivation with high expectations from others _________(be) essential to their development.
16.About 3,500 dollars _________(have) been raised for the sick boy.
17.Neither food nor clothes _________(have) been sent to the old man since two years ago.
18.Every man and every woman _________(attend) the meeting.
19.As far as I am concerned, sometimes the true ___________(look) less attractive than the false.
20.The committee ___________(differ) as to who the next chairman should be.
二、阅读理解
Finnish researchers say they have produced coffee in a laboratory that smells and tastes very similar to the real thing.
The team reports that lab-grown coffee could be important as climate change continues to threaten traditional coffee farming. Scientists atFinland’s Research Centre created cell cultures from the leaves of coffee plants. The process involves floating the cell cultures in bioreactors (生物反应器) filled with nutrients (养分). The same method is used to make other kinds of animal— and plant-based products.
Heikki Aisala is a researcher who oversaw the process. Aisala said cups of the cellular coffee probably would not pass taste tests comparing it to traditional coffee. "It tastes like a combination of different types of coffees,"Aisala said. The researcher added that while the cellular coffee was not ready for the market just yet, "it certainly does resemble coffee at the moment." Aisala added it was possible that the lab-grown version could one day develop into a multi-billion-dollar industry.
Research team leader Heiko Rischer said cell cultures offer a more sustainable way to make coffee. This is because coffee is in high demand. This has led to countries opening up more land to grow coffee beans, which causes increased deforestation. Rischer said the environmental benefits of lab-grown coffee include reduced use of pesticides(农药) and fertilizer and less need to ship coffee beans long distances to markets.
In Europe, lab-grown coffee would need to be approved before it could be marketed. But an important question remains: Will coffee lovers actually drink the lab—grown creation Satu, a server in a Helsinki coffee shop said, "I think someday we’re going that way because of all the natural coffee sources disappearing. So, we have to move along and if it tastes good and the aroma (香味) is coffee-based, so why not I think it’s possible."
1.Why is the lab-grown coffee significant
A.It slows down climate change.
B.It ensures the production of coffee.
C.It improves traditional coffee farming.
D.It shortens the time of planting coffee.
2.What can we know about the cellular coffee
A.It looks like traditional coffee.
B.It has passed taste tests successfully.
C.It tastes like many kinds of coffees.
D.It contains many types of nutrients.
3.How does Heiko Rischer think of the lab-grown coffee
A.It has been well received by people.
B.It has been in the markets already.
C.It benefits the environment greatly.
D.It is ready for mass production.
4.What’s the attitude of Satu to the lab-grown coffee
A.Negative. B.Doubtful. C.Concerned. D.Positive.
三、语法填空
The Organizing Committee of the Olympic Winter Games Beijing 2022 revealed its Olympic torch design in the National Aquatics(水上运动) Centre, ①_____ has been transformed into the "Ice Cube" for next year’s Olympic Winter Games curling(冰壶) competition.
The winning design, ②_____(select) from 182 entries in a global competition, was praised by Beijing 2022’s judges for ③_____(it)combination of both Chinese aesthetic(审美的) value ④_____ advanced technology.
One of the design highlights ⑤_____(allow) two Olympic torches to lock into each other at the top when torchbearers exchange the flame during the Olympic Torch Relay. The two-tone design represents an indication of fire and ice, symbolizing how it will bring light and ⑥_____(warm) to the winter sports scene.
In recognition of Beijing’s status as the world’s first city ⑦_____(host)both the Summer and Winter Games, the design of the 2022 Olympic torch is similar ⑧_____ the 2008 Olympic torch, and by ⑨_____ same color combination and artistic elements from that torch, the Organizing Committee aims to present Beijing’s rich Olympic culture.
Planning for the Olympic Torch Relay and the selection of torchbearers for the Games are ⑩_____(current) underway, with detailed information to be released in the near future by the Beijing 2022 Organizing Committee.
答案以及解析
一、填空
1.答案：proof
解析：句意为:一项新的研究发现没有明显的证据证明防晒霜会增加患皮肤癌的风险。设空处作found的宾语,应用名词。故填proof。
2.答案：infection
解析：句意为:面对严峻的形势,这家医院已经搭起了医疗帐篷,以避免病人之间的交叉感染。设空处作avoid的宾语,应用名词。cross infection意为"交叉感染"。故填infection。
3.答案：recognition
解析：自从我上次来这里，这个城镇已经变得认不出了。beyond recognition面目全非；识别不出，固定短语，古用名词recognition作介词beyond的宾语，故填recognition。
4.答案：surroundings
解析：考查名词。句意：过马路时，必须注意周围的环境，例如交通信号灯。the 后接名词，surroundings常用是一个复数形式的单词，指"环境，周围的事物"，指周围的具体的物质性的东西。故填surroundings。
5.答案：achievement
解析：考查名词。句意：每一件事都完成了，我们感到一种成就感。a sense of +名词，意为"一种……的感觉"，此空用名词形式。故填achievement。
6.答案：apology
解析：
句意:我该为今早所说的话向你道歉。owe sb. an apology for sth. "因某事向某人道歉"。
7.答案：curiosity
解析：考查名词。句意：正如我们所料，好奇心驱使吉姆进屋。此空用名词形式作句子的主语。故填curiosity。
8.答案：violence
解析：考查名词。句意：他讨厌任何形式的暴力。此空用名词形式作动词hates的宾语。故填violence。
9.答案：satisfaction
解析：考查名词。句意：公司摆脱了沉重的债务后，经理满意地笑了。介词with后接名词作宾语，此空用名词形式。故填satisfaction。
10.答案：freedom
解析：考查名词。句意：今天我们有自由决定自己的前途。定冠词the后面用名词形式作动词have的宾语，have the freedom to do sth.意为"有做某事的自由"。故填freedom。
11.答案：was
解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意:观众人数太多了,大厅里一个座位也没有了。"the number of+名词"表示"……的数量",其后的谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,又根据本句时态为一般过去时可知用was。
12.答案：enables
解析：考查主谓一致。句意:对于高收入的人来说,城市提供丰富多彩的环境,使他们能够享受他们的现代生活。分析句子可知which引导定语从句,先行词为environment,所以此处用enable的第三人称单数形式。
13.答案：is
解析：主语后面有"together with +名词/代词"短语时, 谓语动词应和前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致, 故此句的谓语动词要与Every student在数上保持一致, 用第三人称单数形式; 由定语从句中的are可知, 此处用一般现在时。故填is。
14.答案：are
解析：考查主谓一致。句意:阅读古典小说和进行一些社会调查是学生们的假期作业。 and连接的两个动词-ing形式短语作主语,且指不同性质的两件事时,谓语动词用复数。
15.答案：is
解析：句意:一般说来,别人对其期望值高的学生,他们的内在动机对自身的发展是至关重要的。motivation是第三人称单数,因此谓语动词用单数形式。
16.答案：has
解析：句意:已经为那位生病的男孩募集了3500美元。表示时间、重量、距离、金钱等的名词作主语时,往往看成一个整体,谓语动词用单数。
17.答案：have
解析：句意:自从两年前以来,食物和衣服都没有送到那位老人那里。根据时间状语since two years ago可知应用现在完成时,主语由neither...nor...等连接时,谓语通常遵循就近一致原则。
18.答案：attends
解析：句意:每个男人和每个女人都参加会议。由no...and no..., each...and each..., every...and every..., many a...and many a... 等构成复合主语时,谓语动词用单数。
19.答案：looks
解析：表示不可数的事物、抽象概念或某种特征的一类东西作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
20.答案：differ
解析：句意:委员会成员对于谁应担任下届主席,意见不一。集体名词作主语,如果指整体概念,谓语动词用单数形式;如果指具体成员,谓语动词用复数形式。根据句意可知,此处谓语动词应用复数形式。
二、阅读理解
答案：1.B; 2.C; 3.C; 4.D
解析：1.推理判断题。根据文章第二段第一句的"The team reports that lab-grown coffee could be important as climate change continues to threaten traditional coffee farming.(该小组报告说,随着气候变化继续威胁传统的咖啡种植,实验室种植的咖啡可能很重要。)"可知,实验室培育的咖啡意义重大,因为它保证了咖啡的生产。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据文章第三段第三句的"It tastes like a combination of different types of coffees(它尝起来像是不同种类咖啡的混合)"可知,这种咖啡尝起来像是不同种类咖啡的组合。故选C。
3.推理判断题。根据文章第四段最后一句中的"the environmental benefits of lab-grown coffee include reduced use of pesticides and fertilizer and less need to ship coffee beans long distances to markets.(实验室种植的咖啡对环境的好处包括减少农药和化肥的使用,以及减少将咖啡豆长途运输到市场的需要。)"可知,Heiko Rischeri认为实验室培育的咖啡对环境有很大的好处。故选C。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句中的"I think someday we're going that way because of all the natural coffee sources disappearing. So, we have to move along and if it tastes good and the aroma(香味) is coffee-based, so why not I think it's possible.(我想有-天我们会走那条路,因为所有的天然咖啡资源都消失了。所以,我们必须继续,如果它尝起来很好,而且有咖啡的香味。为什么不呢 我认为这是可能的。)可知,Satu对人造咖啡的态度是积极的。故选D。
三、语法填空
答案：①which ②selected ③its ④and ⑤allows ⑥warmth ⑦to host ⑧to ⑨the ⑩currently
解析：①考查定语从句。句意:北京2022年冬奥会组委会在国家游泳中心展示了奥运火炬设计,该中心已被改造成"冰立方",用于明年冬奥会冰壶比赛。分析句子结构可知,该空处所在部分的句子是一个非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the National Aquatics Centre,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,用which引导该从句, that不能引导非限制性定语从句,故填which。
②考查过去分词。句意:该设计从全球征集的182个参赛作品中脱颖而出,因其结合了中国的审美价值、传统文化内涵和先进技术,受到了北京2022年冬奥会评委的称赞。"select"与其所修饰的名词"The winning design"之间是被动关系,用过去分词作定语,故填selected。
③考查代词。句意:该设计从全球征集的182个参赛作品中脱颖而出,因其结合了中国的审美价值、传统文化内涵和先进技术,受到了北京2022年冬奥会评委的称赞。修饰名词combination,表示"它的",用形容词性物主代词,故填its。
④考查连词。句意:该设计从全球征集的182个参赛作品中脱颖而出,因其结合了中国的审美价值、传统文化内涵和先进技术,受到了北京2022年冬奥会评委的称赞。"中国的审美价值、传统文化内涵"和"先进技术"之间是并列关系,用连词and,故填and。
⑤考查时态和主谓一致。句意:设计亮点之一是,当火炬手在奥运火炬传递过程中交换火种时,两个奥运火炬在顶端相互锁定。描述一个客观的事实,用一般现在时;在"one of+可数名词复数"结构中,谓语动词用单数,故填allows。
⑥考查名词。句意:双色设计代表了火和冰的象征,象征着它将如何为冬季运动现场带来光明和温暖。该空作bring的宾语,用名词,warmth是不可数名词,故填warmth。
⑦考查不定式。句意:为了承认北京作为世界上第一个同时举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市的地位,2022年奥运会火炬的设计与2008年奥运会火炬相似,并通过与奥运会火炬相同的色彩组合和艺术元素,组委会旨在展示北京丰富的奥林匹克文化。当中心词被序数词所修饰,常用不定式作定语,故填to host。
⑧查介词。句意:为了承认北京作为世界上第一个同时举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市的地位,2022年奥运会火炬的设计与2008年奥运会火炬相似,并通过与奥运会火炬相同的色彩组合和艺术元素,组委会旨在展示北京丰富的奥林匹克文化。similar...to"与...相似",为固定搭配,故填to。
⑨考查冠词。句意:为了承认北京作为世界上第一个同时举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市的地位,2022年奥运会火炬的设计与2008年奥运会火炬相似,并通过与奥运会火炬相同的色彩组合和艺术元素,组委会旨在展示北京丰富的奥林匹克文化。the same相同的,为固定搭配,故填the。
⑩考查副词。句意:目前,奥运火炬传递的规划和奥运火炬手的选拔工作正在进行中,北京2022年组委会将于近期公布详细信息。修饰动词are,用副词,故填currently。2023届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题三 名词和主谓一致综合训练（B卷）
一、填空
1.You are not allowed to enter the office if you don't get our manager's __________(permit).
2.Global warming is a big concern for all and it's important to raise_________(aware)of climate change.
3.My mother sends her ___________(greet) to you all.
4.Meanwhile, the city itself changes almost beyond _____________(recognize).
5.It is believed that it is his ability to work under _______(press) that led to his great success.
6.The girl impressed us all with her ________________(lively) and sense of humor.
7.Happily, a decision was finally made after a heated ______ (argue).
8.After ________ (liberate), he spent over two years in various displaced persons camps.
9.With such past success and growth, it's no wonder that Universal Studios Hollywood is excited about its latest plans for _________(expand).
10.Our committee consisted of _________(represent) of teachers and students.
11.Everyone ________(inspire) when hearing the account by an elderly gentleman that he passed the College Entrance Examination in his seventies.
12.You rather than I ________(be) going to go camping.
13.The number of people who speak Chinese is becoming larger, for a number of foreigners _____(be) learning Chinese at present.
14.The former president, as well as his family members, ________(invite) to visit China next month.
15.How many tasks you are given __________(reflect) how important you are to the club you belong to.
16.A great many houses _____(destroy) in the earthquake and many people became homeless.
17.The majority of people _____ (be) effective speakers because they train to be.
18.Not only the quantities of phytoplankton(浮游植物) in the ocean but the type of phytoplankton _____ (be) changing now.
19.Every boy and every girl, along with their teachers, _____ (want) to know how CGI is used to make visual special effects.
20.The Lord of the Rings _____ (be) a movie series directed by Peter Jackson and based upon the books by J. R. R. Tolkien.
二、阅读理解
About 8:15 one morning, I left for the airport to meet friends from Holland, only to discover that the plane was to be an hour late. The airport is close by, so I went home to wait.
Arriving at the house I found my dog, Clyde, in a very excited state, pushing his nose into a flowerbed near our front door then jumping back, barking (吠) all the time. I thought that perhaps he had seen a mouse among the leaves. Then suddenly he ran to the other end of flowerbed right by the front door, and began the same again—this time at a rosemary bush.
I decided to check with a stick. Do you know what I found A snake! I was in shock! Quickly the cobra was slithering (蜿蜒着滑行) up the steps to our front door! Two quick blows from me with the stick and it was dead. Clyde was still unsure of it and kept barking.
I just had time to put the snake in a plastic bag and leave it for the rubbish truck, before returning to the airport to greet my friends. If the plane had been on time, things might have been very different here today! Friends have told me that the cobra aims to spit in a person's eyes in order to blind them. Clyde's barking warned me that something was wrong and danger was near. If Clyde had not been "on guard", the cobra could easily have got into our house. There he might have lain hidden, ready to "surprise attack" me when I wasn't expecting it. This reminds me of the fact that anything can happen at any time so we should be always "on guard". We cannot take life for granted, and should appreciate every day that we have.
1. Why was Clyde so excited when the author returned
A. Because a snake bit him. B. Because he saw a mouse.
C. Because his owner came back. D. Because he sensed danger was near.
2. Where did the author first see the snake
A. At the rosemary bush. B. At the steps to the front door.
C. At the far end of the flowerbed. D. At the near end of the flowerbed.
3. Which of the following best describes Clyde
A. Playful. B. Curious. C. Watchful. D. Courageous.
4. What would be the best title for the passage
A. A Life Lesson B. A Miracle of Life
C. An Unforgettable Experience D. An Unexpected Guest
三、语法填空
The number of international students in search ①_______ higher education in China has been increasing in the past ten years. For many foreign students they think highly of Wuhan University in Hubei province because of ②_______ (it) learning and social environment.
Goh Qianxuan from Singapore ③_______ (select)to be the president of the Wuhan University Singaporean Students Association and the Chinese Language and Literature Student Union during her four years of studying in Wuhan, ④_______ gave her the chance to work ⑤_______ (close)with students from other countries. "I didn't come to Wuhan just ⑥_______ (get)good grades," Goh says. "being part of the local student communities and seeing how things are done have really helped me to better understand Chinese people and China."
The university also offers various activities to them. Goh says she felt ⑦_______ (little) like a foreign student only after a year in the student union. "The environment is truly good for Chinese studies," she says. "The four ⑧_______ (amaze)years I spent in Wuhan has helped to build ⑨_______ strong foundation for my life and career. This experience has proved many of my former ideas wrong as I now understand the main reasons behind the Chinese ways to deal with certain ⑩_______ (matter)."
答案以及解析
一、填空
1.答案：permission
解析： permission句意：先生，没有得到经理的允许，你不能进入这座办公楼。 permission"许可；允许"。
2.答案：awareness
解析：考查单词填空。句意：全球变暖是所有人都非常关注的问题，提高人们对气候变化的认识非常重要。本空是填名词做宾语，awareness是名词"意识"， 所以填awareness.
3.答案：greetings
解析：句意：我妈妈向你们大家问好。 greet动词，问候，它的名词形式是在动词后加ing，表示问候时常用复数形式，故填greetings.
4.答案：recognition
解析：考查名词。句意：与此同时，这座城市本身也变得几乎认不出来了。分析句子，该空需要一个名词作介词 beyond的宾语：所给词 recognize为动词，其名词 recognition符合题意，表抽象意义，不可数故填 recognition 。
5.答案：pressure
解析：人们相信正是他在压力下工作的能力使他取得了巨大的成功。under pressure在压力下，是固定搭配。故填pressure.
6.答案：liveliness
解析：意为:这个女孩给我们留下了活泼和具有幽默感的印象。lively为形容词,此处应用名词形式与sense of humour 并列。故答案为 liveliness。
7.答案：argument
解析：根据句意"经过激烈的争论，终于作出了决定"，可知要填的词为"argument争论"，前面有a，所以用单数名词．
8.答案：liberation
解析：句意为:解放后,他有两年多的时间是在各种难民营中度过的。设空处作After的宾语应用名词。故填liberation。
9.答案：expansion
解析：句意为:有着过去的成功和发展,难怪好莱坞环球影城对其最新的扩张计划感到兴奋。设空处作介词for的宾语应用名词。故填expansion。
10.答案：representatives
解析：句意为:我们的委员会由老师和学生代表组成。设空处作宾语应用名词,根据后面的teachers and students可知,此处应用复数形式。故填representatives。
11.答案：was inspired
解析：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:大家听到一位老先生在他七十多岁通过了大学入学考试时都受到了鼓舞。该句主语为Everyone,谓语动词用单数。根据语境可知此处应用一般过去时,根据句意可知,设空处表示"受到鼓舞",应用被动语态。
12.答案：are
解析：考查主谓一致。句意:是你而不是我要去野营。rather than连接并列成分作主语,谓语动词与rather than前面的名词或代词保持一致。
13.答案：are
解析：a number of后接复数名词作主语时, 谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are。
14.答案：has been invited
解析：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:前总统和他的家庭成员被邀请于下月访华。当as well as连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词的单复数与前面的主语保持一致,故用单数。因动词invite与主语之间为被动关系,故应使用被动语态;根据语境可知,invite这个动作已经发生,所以应用现在完成时的被动语态。
15.答案：reflects
解析：考查时态和主谓一致。此处叙述一般情况,故用一般现在时;且主语为从句,故谓语动词用单数。故填reflects。
16.答案：were destroyed
解析：句意为: 很多房子在地震中被摧毁了, 许多人变得无家可归。前半句的主语houses为复数名词, 且与destroy之间为被动关系; and连接的并列成分在时态上应保持一致, 所以设空处应用一般过去时的被动语态, 故填were destroyed。
17.答案：are
解析：句意:大多数人之所以能成为有影响力的演讲者,是因为他们受过训练。主语people被the majority of限定,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于名词的类别。
18.答案：is
解析：句意:现在不仅海洋中的浮游植物的数量在变化,而且它的种类也在变化。not only...but also...连接两个主语,谓语动词的数就近一致。主语由"...type(s)/ kind(s)/ sort(s) of +名词"构成,谓语动词与type、kind、ort的数一致。
19.答案：wants
解析：句意:老师和每个男孩和女孩都想知道是如何使用CGI(计算机生成影像)制作视觉特效的。主语后接along with引出的短语时,谓语动词与其前面的主语的数一致。every...and every...连接的主语,谓语动词用单数形式。
20.答案：is
解析：句意:《指环王》系列电影是由Peter Jackson导演,根据J. R. R. Tolkien的书改编的。The Lord of the Rings是电影名,所以谓语动词用单数形式。
二、阅读理解
答案：1-4 DACA
解析：1.推理判断题。 根据第二段"Arriving at the house l found my dog, Clyde, in a very excited state, pushing his nose into a flowerbed near our front door then jumping back, barking all the time."(到了家里，我发现我的狗克菜德非常兴奋，他把鼻子伸进我们前门附近的花坛里，然后又跳回来，一直在叫。）以及第三段"Do you know what I found A snake!"（你知道我发现了什么吗 一条蛇！）可知，克菜德非常兴奋是因为它感觉到那里有一条蛇，感受到危险就在附近。故选D项。
2.细节理解题。 根据第二段"Then suddenly he ran to the other end of flowerbed right by the front door, and began the same again—this time at a rosemary bush."（然后，他突然跑到前门旁边花坛的另一端，这次又在一丛迷迭香丛中开始了同样的动作。）以及第三段"I decided to check with a stick. Do you know what I found A snake!"(我决定用棍子检查一下。 你知道我发现了什么吗 一条蛇！）可知，作者首次看到蛇时，蛇在迷迭香丛中。故选A项。
3.推理判断题。 根据第四段"Clyde's barking warmed me that something was wrong and danger was near."(克莱德的吠声提醒我， 有什么不对劲，危险就在眼前。）以及文章内容可知，克菜德感受到危险，提醒自己的主人，所以克菜德是很警惕的。故选C项。
4.标题判断题。 通读全文并结合最后一段"This reminds me of the fact that anything can happen at any time so we should be always "on guard". We cannot take life for granted, and should appreciate every day that we have."(这让我想起了一个事实，任何事情都可能在任何时候发生，所以我们应该时刻保持警惕。我们不能把生活视为理所当然，应该珍惜我们拥有的每一天。）可知，作者从克莱德感受到危险为自己示警，自己得以解除危险的事实中得到了教训，所以"人生的教训"可以作为文章标题。故选A项。
三、语法填空
答案：1. of 2. its 3. was selected 4. which 5. closely 6. to get 7. less 8. amazing 9. a 10. matters
解析： ①考查固定短语。句意：在过去的十年里在中国寻求高等教育的国际学生的数量一直在增加。in search of意为寻找，寻求。为固定搭配，故填of。
②考查代词。句意：对于许多外国学生来说，由于武汉大学的学习和社会环境，他们高度评价武汉大学。根据后文"learning and social environment."名词短语可知，空处应为形容词性物主代词作定语来修饰名词短语。故填its。
③考查被动语态。句意：来自新加坡的吴倩璇在武汉学习的四年时间里，被评为武汉大学新加坡学生协会和中国语言文学学生会主席。分析可知。Goh Qianxuan为动作select的承受者，故应该用被动语态be动词+动词过去分词。且她被选为主席是过去发生的事，be动词应该用一般过去时。故填was selected。
④考查非限制性定语从句。句意：来自新加坡的吴倩璇在武汉的四年学习期间，被评为武汉大学新加坡学生协会和中国语言文学学生会主席，这让她有机会与来自其他国家的学生紧密合作。分析可知，空处引导的该句为非限制性定语从句。去掉后不影响主句句意。且修饰的先行词为the president，表职业，此时应该用which，故填which。
⑤考查副词。句意：来自新加坡的吴倩璇在武汉的四年学习期间，被评为武汉大学新加坡学生协会和中国语言文学学生会主席，这让她有机会与来自其他国家的学生紧密合作。由空前动问wok可知，空处应为副词作状语修饰动词。故填closely。
⑥考查非谓语动词。句意："我来武汉不仅仅是为了取得好成绩，"吴说。分析可知，空处应该用动词不定式表目的。故填to get。
⑦考查比较级。句意：Goh说，在学生会呆了一年之后，她感觉自己不像一个外国学生了。分析可知，Go是将现在的自己与一年前的自己相比较，感觉自己更不像外国学生了，应该用little的比较级。故填less。
⑧考查形容词。句意："我在武汉度过了美妙的四年，为我的生活和职业生涯打下了坚实的基础。分析可知，空格应为形容词修饰名词years，作定语。故填amazing。
⑨考查冠词。句意："我在武汉度过了美妙的四年，为我的生活和职业生涯打下了坚实的基础。分析可知，空处应为冠词修饰名词短语"strong foundation"。且foundation为可数名词单数，表泛指，故应该用不定冠词a或an，而strong发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a。故填a。
⑩考查名词。句意：这次经历证明了我以前的很多想法都是错误的，因为我现在明白了中国人处理某些事情的主要原因。分析可知， matter为可数名词，而该句中应该用复数形式，来表示不止一件事情。故填matters。2023届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题三 名词和主谓一致综合训练（C卷）
一、填空
1.First _____(impress) usually last for a long time, so try to be energetic and well-dressed.
2.More people have much _________(believe) in doctors of traditional Chinese medicine.
3.On the other hand, being exposed to _____(advertise) can help to change consumers' opinions over time.
4.I must say "sorry" to him for my ______ ( rude) last night.
5.In preparation for her visit she had attended a series of __________(研讨会) on the history of China.
6.You can tell this _____(consume) that these dishes are made from organic ingredients.
7.Almost all job _____(apply) are determined to leave a good impression on a potential employer.
8.It remains to be seen whether he will have _____(qualify) to play in the finals.
9.Peter, as well as his _____(assist), Lily, was performing a chemical experiment yesterday afternoon, but I don't know whether they have finished it.
10.All the tea in China can be mainly divided into six _____(category)—green, white, yellow, oolong, black and dark tea.
11.There _____ (be) always a lot more to a film you are watching than first meets your eye.
12.There is a label attached to the bottle, which ________(say) "take three pills a time; three times a day".
13.On top of the books _____ (be) the photo album you're looking for.
14.Actually, many a woman _____ (have) a great influence on the world.
15.Half of the land has been used for planting trees, the rest of which _____ (be) intended for a chicken farm.
16.One of the reasons that _____ (make) the game so popular is that it is very simple.
17.Planting trees in spring _____(be) a common practice in our area.
18.The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, _____(be) visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.
19.English, as well as Chinese and maths _____(be) of great importance now.
20.Among the guests _____(be) the person you are looking for.
二、阅读理解
Lego is considering a brick(积木) rental plan in an attempt to cut down on plastic waste. The Danish toymaker has promised to make all its bricks from sustainable(可持续的) sources by 2030 and is investing significant resources into finding alternatives.
Tim Brooks, vice-president responsible for sustainability, said the company was "totally open" to the idea of a product rental plan but admitted that lost pieces could produce a significant problem. "What are the chances of giving them to an eight-year-old child and getting them all back again " Mr. Brooks added.
"There is a lot of technical thinking that needs to be done. We are right at beginning of that." Mr. Brooks said Lego was exploring several ideas with a view to producing the highest value from products while consuming the least amount of resources. He said many would "probably never see the light of day" and there was no current plan to try out a rental plan.
Lego has come under increasing pressure to reduce its carbon footprint among growing international alarm about the impact of plastic waste on the environment. It produces 19 billion pieces per year—36,000 a minute—that are made entirely of plastic while much of the inside packaging is also plastic.
So far, the only breakthrough has been the development of a line of bricks made from plant-based plastic sourced from sugarcane. The green trees, plants and flowers were first included in Lego sets late last year but make up only 1 % — 2% of the total amount of plastic elements produced. Henrik Niekson, a production supervisor(主管) in Lego's factory, said last year: "We need to learn again how to do this."
Lego reportedly releases around a million tons of carbon dioxide each year, with about 75% coming from raw materials that go into factories. The company has invested more than 100,000,000 and hired 100 people to research non-plastic alternatives. It is aiming to keep all of its packaging out of landfill by 2025.
1.Lego is making great efforts to ________.
A.promote its brick rental plan B.raise its production efficiency
C.explore ways to reduce plastic waste D.develop new products
2.According to Mr. Brooks, Lego's brick rental plan________.
A.is well under way B.has a long way to go
C.is totally useless D.goes against Lego's interest
3.The writer tells of Lego's stress of reducing plastic waste by means of _________.
A.figures B.examples C.comparison D.classification
4.What is Lego's attitude towards developing non-plastic alternatives
A.Defensive. B.Determined. C.Disapproving. D.Doubtful.
三、语法填空
We are all familiar with songs getting ①________(stick) in our head while we are awake, but it turns out that this can happen during sleep as well. A new study investigating the phenomenon ②________ (indicate) that earworms invading our brains at night can cause problems in getting to sleep and staying asleep.
"Our brains continue to process music even when none is playing, including apparently while we are asleep," says neuroscientist Michael Scullin from Baylor University. He and his colleagues used ③________ (survey) of 199 people, as well as a sleep lab test involving 50 volunteers, to measure ④ listening to music before bedtime affects sleep.
In the survey part of ⑤________ study, participants who frequently listened to music during the day were more likely to report persistent nighttime earworms, ⑥________ then had a negative effect on sleep quality through the night. ⑦________ (surprising), the instrumental versions of the songs caused about twice ⑧________ many earworms as the vocal versions. Scullin suggests ⑨________ (avoid) listening to music right before bed to limit the chance of an ⑩________ (attract) tune taking hold in our minds.
答案以及解析
一、填空
1.答案：impressions
解析：句意为:第一印象往往会持续很长一段时间,因此要尽量保持精力充沛、穿着得体。根据句式结构可知,设空处在句中作主语,应填impress的名词形式,再由谓语动词last可知,主语为复数。
2.答案：belief
解析：考查不可数名词。句意：越来越多的人相信中医。much后需接不可数名词，believe的名词为belief"相信"，不可数名词。故填belief。
3.答案：advertisements
解析：句意为:另一方面,长期接触广告有助于改变消费者的观点。作介词to的宾语应用名词, advertisement为可数名词,其前无冠词修饰,故用复数形式。
4.答案：rudeness
解析：rudeness.介词后接名词作宾语；rudeness是不可数名词。故填：rudeness.我必须为我昨晚的粗鲁对他说"对不起"。完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。
5.答案：seminars
解析：句意：为了她的访问做准备，她已经参加了一系列关于中国历史的研讨会。根据中文意思可知使用名词seminar，为可数名词，因此放在a series of"一系列"后应使用复数形式seminars。故填seminars。
6.答案：consumer
解析：句意为:你可以告诉这名消费者这些菜是用有机原料做的。设空处作tell的宾语,应用名词。由this可知用单数,故填consumer。
7.答案：applicants
解析：句意为:几乎所有的应聘者都下定决心给潜在的雇主留下一个好印象。此处应用名词applicant作主语,被all修饰应用复数。
8.答案：qualification
解析：句意为:他是否有资格参加决赛还有待观察。设空处作have的宾语,应用名词。qualification作"取得资格"讲时为不可数名词,故填qualification。
9.答案：assistant
解析：句意为:彼得和他的助手莉莉昨天下午做了一个化学实验,但我不知道他们是否做完了。设空处应填名词,意为"助手",故填assistant。
10.答案：categories
解析：句意为:中国所有的茶主要可以分为六类——绿茶、白茶、黄茶、乌龙茶、红茶和黑茶。category是可数名词,前有six修饰, 所以应用复数形式。
11.答案：is
解析：句意:你正在看的电影中总比你第一眼看到的要复杂得多。主语more表示抽象意义,所以谓语动词用is。
12.答案：says
解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意:瓶子上贴着一个标签,上面写着"一次吃三片;一天三次"。 which引导定语从句,先行词为 a label,所以从句谓语用第三人称单数形式,根据is可知此处应使用一般现在时,故填says。
13.答案：is
解析：介词短语位于句首时,句子使用完全倒装,故该句的主语是the photo album,表示单数概念,所以谓语动词应用单数。
14.答案：has
解析：主语为"many a +单数名词"时,虽然表示复数意义,但谓语动词应使用单数形式。故填has。
15.答案：is
解析：关系词which指代先行词land, land是不可数名词,因此定语从句的谓语动词应用单数。
16.答案：make
解析：分析句子结构可知, that引导定语从句,指代先行词reasons,在定语从句中作主语,故从句中的谓语动词应用复数。
17.答案：is
解析：考查时态及主谓一致。单个动名词短语作主语,看作单数;由语境可知此处表示一般情况,故填is。句意:在我们地区,春天植树是一种普遍的做法。
18.答案：was
解析：考查时态及主谓一致。分析可知本句主语为The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class,但谓语应该和with前面的The teacher一致用单数,再根据时间状语从句使用一般过去时可知主句中也应用过去的某种时态,故填was。句意:地震发生时,老师带着班上的6名女生和8名男生正在参观博物馆。
19.答案：is
解析：考查时态及主谓一致。分析可知本句主语为as well as连接的并列成分,谓语应该和as well as前面的English一致用单数,再根据时间状语now可知用一般现在时,故填is。句意:英语、语文和数学现在都很重要。
20.答案：is
解析：考查主谓一致。句意:你要找的那个人就在客人中间。该句的主语是"the person",所以谓语用单数。
二、阅读理解
答案：1-4.CBAB
解析：1.细节理解题。 Lego is considering a brick(积木) rental plan in an attempt to cut down on plastic waste.(第一段第一句)译文:乐高(公司)正考虑实施积木租赁计划,以减少塑料垃圾的产生。根据关键句可知,乐高(公司)采取措施的目的是寻找减轻塑料废物污染的方法。故选C。
2.推理判断题。He said many would "probably never see the light of day" and there was no current plan to try out a rental plan.(第三段最后一句)译文:他说,很多想法可能永远也不见天日,目前也没有试验租赁计划的具体方案。根据关键句可推知,乐高(公司)的积木租赁计划仍有很长一段路要走。故选B。
3.写作手法题。produces 19 billion pieces per year—36 000 a minute—that are made entirely of plastic while much of the inside packaging is also plastic.(第四段第二句)译文:乐高(公司)每年生产190亿块积木,每分钟生产36 000块,均由塑料制成,而且大部分内部包装也由塑料制成。根据关键句可知,作者通过引用具体数据的方法,表明乐高公司正面临塑料废物污染环境的压力。故选A。
4.推理判断题。The company has invested more than ￡100000000 and hired 100 people to research non-plastic alternatives.(最后一段第二句)译文:该公司已经投资超过1亿英镑,并雇佣了100人来研究非塑料替代品。根据关键句可知,乐高(公司)已经投入大量资金并雇佣了大量的人员去研发非塑料的积木材质替代品。由此可推知,乐高(公司)对此的态度是非常坚决的。故选B。
三、语法填空
答案：stuck; indicates; surveys; how; the; which; Surprisingly; as; avoiding; attractive
解析：一项新的研究表明,听过后在头脑中长久萦绕的歌曲或旋律会在夜间侵扰我们的大脑,最后影响我们的入睡过程和睡眠质量。本文介绍了这项研究的开展过程以及研究发现。
①考查固定短语。句意为:我们都知道,在我们醒着的时候,一些歌曲会留在我们的脑海之中(久久挥之不去),但事实证明,这种情况也会在睡眠时发生。短语get stuck in意为"卡住;停留"。故填stuck。
②考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意为:一项调查这一现象的新研究表明,难以忘怀的曲调在夜间侵扰我们的大脑,(最后)会导致入睡和睡眠质量问题。此处陈述客观事实应用一般现在时,主语为A new study,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填indicates。
③考查名词单复数。句意为:他和他的同事对199人进行了调查,并对50名志愿者进行了睡眠实验室测试,以衡量睡前听音乐会如何影响睡眠。survey意为"调查",为可数名词,且设空处前没有冠词,应用名词的复数形式。故填surveys
④考查名词性从句。句意见上一题解析。设空处引导宾语从句,表示"如何"。故填how。
⑤考查冠词。句意为:在研究的调查部分中,白天经常听音乐的参与者据说在夜间脑海中更有可能出现持续的难以忘怀的曲调,这会对整个晚上的睡眠质量产生负面影响。此处study特指前文提到的研究,应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
⑥考查定语从句。句意见上一题解析。此处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词nighttime earworms,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,应用关系代词which。故填which。
⑦考查词性转换。句意为:令人惊讶的是,器乐版本的歌曲引起的令人记忆深刻的音乐数量是声乐版本的两倍。设空处修饰整个句子,应用副词作状语,句首单词首字母,要大写。故填Surprisingly。
⑧考查连词。句意见上一题解析。此处表示"是的两倍",应用短语twice as...as...。故填as。
⑨考查非谓语动词。句意为:斯卡林建议不要在睡觉前听音乐,以减少优美动听的曲子在我们脑海中留下深刻印象的可能性。结合句意可知,此处表示"建议做某事",应用固定短语 suggest doing sth.。故填avoiding。
⑩考查词性转换。句意见上一题解析。此处修饰名词tune,应用形容词,表示"动听的曲调"。故填attractive。
