2023届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题一 考点01 冠词（A卷）
一、填空
1.Few of us can avoid _____ frustrations and challenges of daily life—family problems, conflicts at work, illness, stress.
2.Even _____ cheapest holidays require travel and other additional costs that are difficult for many families to meet.
3.After _____ 4-hour flight of 500 miles, I realized fuel was now an issue and I had to find a place to land.
4.Happiness is not a station you arrive at, but _____ manner of traveling.
5.Through the training, my daughter understands _____ value of hard work and becomes more diligent.
6.Actions that can be taken to prevent infection from _____ animal source include avoiding unnecessary unprotected contact with animals, washing hands after contact with animals or animal products, and ensuring that animal products are cooked thoroughly before they are consumed.
7."Fall" as a name for the season between summer and winter came about sometime in the 1500s, which is _____ shortened version of the very poetic phrase "the fall of leaves".
8.When Mom and Dad aren't at hand, over 30% of kids would like to hear _____ bedtime story from famous people like Harry Potter star Daniel Radcliffe.
9.Those passageways, with _____ total length of 59 kilometers, enable antelopes and other animals to cross the railway freely.
10.From the Han Dynasty to the Yuan Dynasty, the Silk Road enjoyed _____ history of about 1,500 years.
二、阅读理解
Asia's architectural treasures, from a Buddhist monastery in Afghanistan to an ancient city in China, are under threat due to economic development, poor technical resources, war and tourism, according to experts.
The Global Heritage Fund named 10 sites facing the loss and destruction impossible to recover. "These 10 sites represent only a small part of the endangered treasures across Asia and the rest of the developing world," Jeff Morgan, executive director of the fund, said.
"We're looking at these millennial(千年的) civilizations leaping into the 21st century at a kind of pace that is unheard of," said Vishakha N. Desai, president of the Asia Society, which hosted a conference based on the report. He mentioned the pressures of rapidly modernizing Asia on the architectural treasures.
Kuanghan Li, head of Global Heritage Fund's China program, underlined the importance in a presentation on work to preserve Pingyao, one of China's last surviving walled cities. But "Up to 20 years ago, there were hundreds of similar walled cities left in China." She said, "The majority of them have been destroyed.
Experts said that global architectural preservation efforts are poorly balanced and targeted, with the UN cultural body UNESCO focusing almost entirely on sites in already rich European countries, rather than in places like Latin America or Asia. More than 80 percent of UNESCO World Heritage Sites are located in the 10 richest states, the Global Heritage Fund said.
Elsewhere, "Heritage is being undervalued," Morgan said, warning that the endangered sites were sure to vanish without quick help. "We're going to lose them on our watch in the next 10 years."
1.According to Jeff Morgan, UNESCO should __________.
A.take effective measures to stop wars
B.attempt to strengthen global cooperation
C.pay equal attention to Asia's heritage protection
D.establish a clear goal of architectural preservation efforts
2.What is the author's purpose of mentioning Pingyao in Paragraph 4
A.To praise the efforts by the Global Heritage Fund.
B.To explain China's process of heritage preservation.
C.To show China's unique role in protecting the world heritage.
D.To stress the necessity of immediate action on heritage protection.
3.What does the underlined word "vanish" in Paragraph 6 most probably mean
A.Disappear. B.Survive. C.Remove. D.Recover.
4.What is the best title of the passage
A.Asia's Relics in Ruins: Keeping Balance between Progress and Protection
B.Asia's Heritage in Danger; Saving Disappearing Architectural Treasures
C.World's Civilization Progress under Pressure: Making Global Efforts
D.World's Resources under Threat: Raising Awareness of Preservation
三、语法填空
Busy Colombians living in a city can be pressured. But there is a place for people to relieve stress in Bogota. ①_____(sit) at the top of Monserrate Hill, east of the city, the place is a protected park for hummingbirds. The area contains a forest that has turned into a peaceful and ②_____(harmony) world for both people and birds.
With the hummingbirds flying from flower to flower, some people study them through binoculars(双筒镜) and ③_____(other) take pictures with cameras or phones.
"Sometimes it doesn't seem real because we are close to a city of eight million residents ④_____generate noise every day," says Camilo Cantor, a caretaker in the park, whose job is to mix water and sugar and put it in bird feeders along a 300-meter path. "The park is ⑤_____(true) a special place, like an oasis(绿洲). It is a place where people can go ⑥_____(ease) stress, forget about troubles and get ⑦_____break from busy city life," he added.
Ten years ago, the hill ⑧_____(destroy), mercilessly and completely, meaning there were no trees left on it. But workers began to replant local trees and flowers to bring the forest back ⑨_____life. Presently, visitors to the park can see over 100 species of birds there.
Hummingbirds can ⑩ _____(find) only on the American continent and Colombia is home to many different kinds.
答案以及解析
一、填空
1.答案：the
解析：句意为:我们当中很少有人能避免日常生活中令人沮丧的事和挑战——家庭问题、工作中的冲突、疾病、压力。根据句意可知,此处特指日常生活中令人沮丧的事和挑战。故填the。
2.答案：the
解析：句意为:即使是最便宜的假期也需要旅行和其他额外的费用,这对许多家庭来说很难支付。此处考查最高级前冠词的用法,在形容词/副词最高级前应用定冠词the。故填the。
3.答案：a
解析：句意为:在用了4个小时飞行500英里后,我意识到燃料成了问题,我必须找到降落的地方。根据句意可知,此处表示"一段4小时的航行",因此应用不定冠词,且4的发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。
4.答案：a
解析：a manner of...意为"一种……的方式",表示泛指,与前面的a station对应。
5.答案：the
解析：句意:通过训练,我的女儿理解了努力学习的价值,变得更加勤奋了。语境表示特指,故用定冠词the。
6.答案：an
解析：句意:预防动物源感染可采取的行动包括避免不必要的无保护的动物接触,接触动物或动物产品后要洗手,和确保动物产品在食用前彻底煮熟。source为可数名词,用不定冠词修饰表示类别。animal的发音以元音音素开头, 故用不定冠词an。
7.答案：a
解析：句意:"Fall"作为夏冬之间的季节名称出现在16世纪的某个时候,是非常诗意的短语"the fall of leaves"的缩写。根据语境判断,表示泛指概念用不定冠词a。
8.答案：a
解析：story是可数名词,在句中不能单独使用,此处泛指"一个睡前故事", bedtime的发音以辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词a。
9.答案：a
解析：句意:这些通道总长59公里,能让羚羊和其他动物自由穿越铁路。a total of"总共……"。
10.答案：a
解析：句意:从汉代到元代,丝绸之路有大约1500年的历史。a history of"……(多长时间)的历史"。
二、阅读理解
答案：1-4.CDAB
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第五段"Experts said that global architectural preservation efforts are poorly balanced and targeted, with the UN cultural body UNESCO focusing almost entirely on sites in already rich European countries, rather than in places like Latin America or Asia. More than 80 percent of UNESCO World Heritage Sites are located in the 10 richest states, the Global Heritage Fund said."可知,全球建筑保护工作缺乏平等性,因此摩根认为,联合国教科文组织应该同样重视亚洲的建筑遗产保护。故选C项。
2.推理判断题。根据第四段中的"Kuanghan Li, head of Global Heritage Fund's China program, underlined the importance in a presentation on work to preserve Pingyao, one of China's last surviving walled cities. But 'Up to 20 years ago, there were hundreds of similar walled cities left in China.'"可知,像平遥这样的古城墙正在迅速消失,因此提到平遥是为了强调在遗产保护上采取即时行动的必要性。故选D项。
3.词义猜测题。根据第六段中的"We're going to lose them on our watch in the next 10 years."可知,画线词词义应与lose相近,即:濒危的建筑遗产在没有即时保护的情况下确定会"消失"。故选A项。
4.标题判断题。根据第一段"Asia's architectural treasures, from a Buddhist monastery in Afghanistan to an ancient city in China, are under threat due to economic development, poor technical resources, war and tourism, according to experts.以及最后一段中的"'Heritage is being undervalued,' Morgan said, warning that the endangered sites were sure to vanish without quick help. 'We're going to lose them on our watch in the next 10 years.'"可知,文章主要讲的是亚洲的建筑遗产正受到威胁,人类必须采取有效措施来拯救这些建筑瑰宝。故选B项。
三、语法填空
答案：①Sitting ②harmonious ③others ④that/who ⑤truly ⑥to ease ⑦a ⑧was destroyed ⑨to ⑩be found
解析： ①考查现在分词。句意：这个地方坐落在城市东部的蒙塞拉特山顶上。St和句子主语之间是主动关系，故填sitting。
②考查形容词。句意：这个地区有一片森林。作定语修饰名词，故填harmonious。.
③考查固定搭配。句意：蜂鸟从一朵花飞到另一朵花，有些人用相机或手机拍照，others...一些……，为固定搭配，故填others。
④考查定语从句。句意：有时这似乎不是真的，先行词为人，故填who/that。
⑤考查副词。句意：这个公园真是个特别的地方。修饰动词，故填truly。
⑥考查不定式。句意：在这里人们可以缓解压力，从繁忙的城市生活中解脱出来，故填to ease。
⑦考查冠词。句意：在这里人们可以缓解压力，从繁忙的城市生活中解脱出来，所以用不定冠词，故填a。
⑧考查时态语态。句意：十年前，表示"被毁掉"，ago常和一般过去时态连用，故填was destroyed。
⑨考查固定搭配。句意：但工人们开始重新种植当地的树木和花卉。bring...back to life使。恢复生机，故填to。
⑩考查语态。句意：蜂鸟只有在美洲州大陆才能找到。表示"被发现"，前面有can，故填be found。2023届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题一 考点01 冠词（B卷）
一、填空
1.They are now building ______ 800-meter-long bridge.
2.You don't bother me. On ______ contrary, I would like to listen to your advice.
3.It describes the struggles and dreams of a family in San Francisco in _____ early 1900s.
4.One of the best ways to learn _____ idiom is by looking at the context in which it is used.
5.The visiting professor is very good except that he speaks English with _____ strong Japanese accent.
6.At _____ minimum, you should send emoticons with your message.
7.Let's go to _________ cinema and that'll take your mind off the problem for _________ while.
8.When you finish reading the book, you will have _________ better understanding of life.
9._________ more exercises you do, the greater progress you'll make.
10.What _________ pity that you couldn't be there to receive _________ prize!
二、阅读理解
When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue-sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.
Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing. I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam(横杆), I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: "Safe! Safe! Safe!" And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.
When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I'd given it up.
When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I’ve travelled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was cold but clear; tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters. Weaving(穿梭) among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail-thin teenager, in a baggy white T-shirt, skidded(滑) up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances. "I was a local here 20 years ago," I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. "Safe, man. Safe."
"Yeah," I said. "Safe."
1.What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London
A.He felt disappointed. B.He gave up his hobby.
C.He liked the weather there. D.He had disagreements with his family.
2.What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe!” probably mean
A.Be careful! B.Well done!
C.No way! D.Don't worry!
3.Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London
A.To join the skateboarding. B.To make new friends.
C.To learn more tricks. D.To relive his childhood days
4.What message does the author seem to convey in the text
A.Children should learn a second language. B.Sport is necessary for children's health.
C.Children need a sense of belonging D.Seeing the world is a must for children.
三、语法填空
One question type that appears on SAT and ACT involves vocabulary. One of the ①_______(easy) and most natural ways to broaden your vocabulary is by ②_______ (simple) reading more. If the test you are going to take ③_______ (use) texts from literary works, the best way to prepare is to increase your familiarity with these kinds of works. ④_______ (choose) a book from earlier times, such as The Great Gatsby and mark seemingly important words ⑤_______ are unfamiliar to you. Also, mark any words that look familiar but do not quite fit ⑥_______ context. Look ⑦_______ these words in a dictionary and write down the sentence in which you encountered the word. You can then use that sentence when ⑧_______ (study).
If you are not a greedy reader, there are still ⑨_______ (technique) you can use to improve your vocabulary. Keep your ears open for new words you hear on the news, radio or in everyday conversation. Try to infer their meaning from context but always check with a dictionary. Then, try to use those words ⑩_______ (you).
答案以及解析
一、填空
1.答案：an
解析：句意:他们正在建造一座800米长的桥。bridge"桥", 为可数名词, 且修饰词800-meter-long是以元音音素开头的单词, 前面需加不定冠词an表泛指, 故填an。
2.答案：the
解析： 考查固定短语。句意：你没有打扰我。相反，我想听一下你的建议。on the contrary"相反"，是固定短语。故填：the。
3.答案：the
解析：考查冠词。句意: 它描述了二十世纪早期生活在旧金山的一个家庭的奋斗和梦想。in the early 1900s为固定表达, 意为"在20世纪早期"。故用定冠词the。
4.答案：an
解析：句意为:学习习语最好的方法之一就是看它使用的语境。idiom是可数名词,此处是泛指一个习语,其前应用不定冠词, idiom发音以元音音素开头,故填an。
5.答案：a
解析：句意为:这位客座教授很好,除了他的英语带着浓重的日本口音这一点。accent是可数名词,此处泛指日本口音,其前应用不定冠词。故填a。
6.答案：a/ the
解析：句意为:你起码要在信息里增加一些表情符号。at a/ the minimum意为"最起码;至少"。
7.答案：the; a
解析：考查冠词的用法。句意为:我们去看电影吧,这会暂时让你暂时忘掉这个问题。 go to the cinema是固定短语,意为"去看电影"; for a while是固定短语,意为"一会儿"。故填the; a。
8.答案：a
解析：考查冠词的用法。句意为:当你看完这本书时,你会对生活有一个更好的了解。have an understanding of是固定短语,意为"对……有所了解"。故填a。
9.答案：The
解析：考查冠词的用法。句意为:你做的练习越多,你取得的进步就越大。the +比较级...the +比较级...是固定用法,意为"越……就越……"。故填The。注意首字母大写。
10.答案：a； the
解析：考查冠词的用法。句意：真遗憾，你不能去那里领奖了。pity在句中意为"遗憾的事"， what a pity意为"真可惜，真遗憾"，是一个感叹句；第二空指双方都知道的那个奖，表
示特指，所以其前应用定冠词。故填a； the。
二、阅读理解
答案：1-4.ABDC
解析：1.推理判断题。根据原文第一段Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue-sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place.(除了我,家里的每个人都很快住进了这座城市。没有了我心爱的海滩和无尽的蓝天, 我感到茫然和迷茫。)可知，作者搬去伦敦以后感到沮丧; 失望。A. He felt disappointed.(他感到失望)正确。故选A。
2.词义猜测题。根据原文第二段A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: "Safe! Safe! Safe!" And that's what mattered-landing tricks, being a good skater.(几分钟后,当我的戏法落地时, 我的朋友们大声拍打着他们的板, 喊着:"安全!安全!安全!这才是最重要的落地技巧,成为一名优秀的滑冰运动员。)结合下文内容可知，划线处为做得好之意。 A. Be careful!小心; B. Well done!做得好; C. No way!没门; D. Don't worry别担心。故选B。
3.推理判断题。根据原文第二段Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing. I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language.(泰晤士河东岸的南岸(Southbank)是英国滑板运动的中心, 在那里, 滑板不断的碰撞声让你的脑袋嗡嗡作响。我很快就和当地的溜冰者成了朋友。)可知，作者童年搬到伦敦后在南岸有一段美好的时光。因此D. To relive his childhood days(重温他的童年时光)符合题意。故选D。
4.细节理解题。通读全文可知，作者年少时搬去伦敦, 感觉融入不进当地文化而倍感沮丧, 直到在南岸那发现轮滑, 并很快和当地人成为朋友, 然后在作者去到华盛顿后, 在那里并没有在南岸那的归属感。因此C. Children need a sense of belonging(儿童需要一种归属感)符合题意。故选C。
三、语法填空
答案：1. easiest2. simply3. uses4. Choose5. that/which6. the7. up8. studying9. techniques10. yourself
解析： ①考查形容词最高级。句意：扩大词汇量最简单、最自然的方法之一就是多读书。前面有one of the，所以用形容词最高级作定语，故填easiest.
②考查副词。句意：扩大词汇量最简单、最自然的方法之一就是多读书。修饰动词，所以用副词，故填simply.
③考查时态和主谓一致。句意：如果你要参加的考试使用的是文学作品中的文本，那么最好的准备方法就是增加你对这类作品的熟悉度。描述现状，所以用一般现在时态，主语为the test，故填uses.
④考查祈使句。句意：选择一本早期的书，比如《了不起的盖茨比》，并标出你不熟悉的看似重要的单词。本句为祈使句，和后面的mark并列，所以用动词原形开头，故填Choose.
⑤考查定语从句。句意：选择一本早期的书，比如《了不起的盖茨比》，并标出你不熟悉的看似重要的单词。先行词为物，在定语从句中作主语，故填that/which.
⑥考查冠词。句意：另外，标记任何看起来熟悉但不太符合上下文的单词。特指上下文的语境，所以用定冠词，故填the.
⑦考查固定搭配。句意：在字典里查这些词，并写下你遇到这个词的句子。look up查字典，为固定搭配，故填up.
⑧考查现在分词。句意：你可以在学习的时候用这个句子。study和句子主语之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语，故填studying.
⑨考查名词的数。句意：如果你不是一个贪婪的读者，还有一些技巧可以用来提高你的词汇量。本句为there be句型，谓语为are，所以主语为复数名词，故填techniques.
⑩考查反身代词。句意：然后，试着自己用这些词。本句为祈使句，主语为y0u，所以用反身代词，故填yourself.
