2023届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题四 考点06 形容词和副词（A卷）
一、填空
1.Young people should learn to be _________ (compete)．
2.It is _______ (type) of most new technologies that the younger generation is quick to adopt them.
3.You might be a thought more _______ (consider) of other people.
4.It is _________(urge) that food and clothing should be sent to the sufferers.
5.As a matter of fact, every possible use should be made of ________ (advance) technology.
6.He had always wanted an ________ (adventure) life in the tropics.
7.My father goes jogging regularly, so no wonder you can find him _____________(energy).
8.According to a research done in the US recently, runners are a great deal _________(healthy) than non-runners.
9.__________(bad) than that, the words on the screen are not distinct enough, which I think is damaging to my eyesight.
10.You are the _________(lucky) among all the customers this week and everything in your basket is free.
11.We should keep the children physically and ________(mental) healthy.
12.He had promised his mother he wouldn't watch TV plays, but he was ________(exact) doing that last night.
13._____________(admit),fiction is often more interesting than the truth.
14.He complained _____(bitter) about his exam grades.
15.We would like to _____(sincere) apologise for the late departure of this flight.
16.The virus was _____(initial) believed to be a common one, but with more cases reported, it proved wrong.
17.Like many other cleaners, my job at the hospital is _____(pure) voluntary.
18.________ (theory) speaking, your suggestion is practical.
19.Forgiveness is possible—and it can be _________(surprising) beneficial to your physical and mental health.
20.So we have to move _________(swift) , and we have to move wisely.
二、阅读理解
Proudly reading my words, I looked around the room, only to find my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes and Miss Lancelot stone-faced. I slowly raised the report, hoping to hide myself and burning to find out "What could be causing everyone to act this way "
Quickly, I flashed back to the day Miss Lancelot gave me the task. This was the first real task I received in my new school. It seemed simple: go on the Internet and find information about a man named George Washington. Since my idea of history came from an ancient teacher in my home country, I had never heard of that name before. As I searched the name of this fellow, it became evident that there were two people bearing the same name who looked completely different!One invented hundreds of uses for peanuts, while the other led some sort of army across America. I stared at the screen, wondering which one my teacher meant. I called my grandfather for a golden piece of advice: flip （掷）a coin. Heads-the commander, and tails-the peanuts guy. Ah! Tails, my report would be about the great man who invented peanut butter, George Washington Carver.
When another classmate began his report, it all became clear，"My report is on George Washington, the man who started the American Revolution." How could I know that she meant that George Washington
Obviously, my grade was awful. Heartbroken but fearless, I talked to Miss Lancelot, but she insisted: no re-dos; no new grade. I felt that the punishment was not justified, and I believed I deserved a second chance. Consequently, I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year. Ten months later, that chance unfolded as I found myself sitting in the headmaster's office with my grandfather and the headmaster informed me of his approval that I could skip the sixth grade. Justice is sweet!
1.What did the author's classmates think about his report
A.Amusing. B.Moving. C.Controversial. D.Puzzling.
1.What does the underlined word "burning" in Para.1 probably mean
A.Ready. B.Annoyed. C.Eager. D.Ashamed.
3.Why was the author confused about the task
A.The teacher's instruction was unclear. B.He knew little about American history.
C.He was a new comer to the school. D.He followed the advice to flip a coin.
4.Why did the author say "Justice is sweet"
A.He was allowed to redo the test. B.He was devoted to his studies.
C.His efforts were recognized by school. D.The punishment was reasonable.
三、语法填空
①_______(lie) under waters across the globe are an estimated three million shipwrecks, all of ②_______ indicate human attempts over the centuries to explore Earth's furthest corners. While there is little land on our planet left unexplored, the vast sea bed almost ③_______ (remain) unknown.
Considering our limited knowledge, it's not surprising that exploration of the oceans constantly brings about discoveries in various ④_______ (science) fields.
First, many archaeological finds are made in shallow waters, including whole cities ⑤_______ (bury) underwater. The ruins offer precious information about the past. However, the challenges of pressure, darkness and intense cold at vast depths make ⑥_______ difficult to discover more of the past.
Amazing biological discoveries are also being made, like the barreleye living 6,000 meters below the ocean's surface. Such discoveries enable us ⑦_______ (have) a better knowledge of the capacity for life even in extreme circumstances.
Additionally, so far more new natural resources such as fire ice ⑧_______ (find) in oceans. Besides, the research conducted by China's underwater vessels helps scientists identify areas for deep-sea drilling and better understand how the sea bed was formed.
Humankind is entering a new age of oceanic discovery. Oceans will be as familiar ⑨_______ us as the land where we live through all-round international ⑩_______ (cooperate).
答案以及解析
一、填空
1.答案：competitive
解析： 句意：年轻人应该学会竞争。be后接形容词作表语。故填：competitive.
2.答案：typical
解析： 句意：大多数新技术的典型特点是年轻一代能快速适应它们。be动词后接形容词typical作表语。故填：typical.
3.答案：considerate
解析：句意:你该多照顾一下其他人。considerate of照顾别人;体谅人的,此处是形容词短语作后置定语修饰名词thought.故填:considerate.
4.答案：urgent
解析： 句意：急需将食物和衣物送到灾民手中。考查词性转换。空格处位于系动词is之后，二者构成系表结构，故需填提示词的形容词形式urgent。
5.答案：advanced
解析： 句意：事实上，应尽一切可能加以利用先进的技术。设空处作定语修饰名词technology，应用advance的形容词advanced，意为"先进的；高等的"，故填advanced.
6.答案：adventurous
解析： 考查形容词。句意：他一直想去热带过一种冒险的生活。句中life是名词，由形容词修饰，所给词adventure是名词，其形容词是adventurous。故填adventurous。
7.答案：energetic
解析： 设空处在句中做宾补，表"精力充沛的"，填形容词energetic。
8.答案：healthier
解析：考查形容词的比较等级。句意为:根据最近在美国进行的一项研究,跑步的人比不跑步的人要健康得多。根据空格后的"than"可知,此处应用形容词healthy的比较级形式。故填healthier。
9.答案：Worse
解析：句意为:比那更糟的是,屏幕上的文字不够清晰,我认为这会损害我的视力。根据空后的than可知,此处应用形容词的比较级形式, bad的比较级是worse。故填Worse。
10.答案：luckiest
解析：句意:你是本周所有顾客中最幸运的,你篮子里的东西都免费。among all the customers表明是三者以上的比较,故应用形容词最高级。
11.答案：mentally
解析：本题主要考查副词。结合句意，我们应该保持孩子们的身心健康。healthy 为形容词，需要使用副词修饰，因此应填 mental 的副词 mentally，意为"精神上，智力上"。故正确答案为 mentally。
12.答案：exactly
解析：考查副词。句意：他答应过他母亲他不看电视剧，但他昨晚确实做到了。此处用副词修饰谓语动词was doing，exactly"确实地，恰好"，故填exactly。
13.答案：Admittedly
解析：考查副词。句意：诚然，小说往往比事实更有趣。此处是副词修饰整个句子，所给词 admit是动词，其副词是 admittedly，位于句子开头要大写。故填 Admittedly。
14.答案：bitterly
解析：句意为:他悲叹自己的考试成绩(不好)。此处需要副词,修饰动词complained。
15.答案：sincerely
解析：句意为:对于此次航班的起飞延误,我们表示诚挚的歉意。修饰动词应用副词。故填sincerely。
16.答案：initially
解析：修饰动词应用副词,作状语。故填initially。
17.答案：purely
解析：句意为:和许多其他清洁工一样,我在医院的工作完全是自愿的。修饰形容词应用副词。故填purely。
18.答案：Theoretically
解析：考查副词。句意：从理论上讲，你的建议是可行的。"副词+speaking"是固定结构，在句子中作状语，意为"……说"。theory的副词是theoretically（理论上）。故填Theoretically。
19.答案：surprisingly
解析：考查副词。句意为:宽恕是可能的——而且它会对你的身心健康有意想不到的好处。此处应用副词surprisingly修饰形容词beneficial。故填surprisingly。
20.答案：swiftly
解析：考查副词。句意为:所以我们应该迅速地前进,并智慧地前进。分析句子结构可知,此处应用副词修饰动词"move", swiftly意为"迅速地,敏捷地",符合句意。故填swiftly。
二、阅读理解
答案：1-4 ACBC
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段的Proudly reading my words, I glanced around the room, only to find my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes. and Miss Lancelot stone-faced（我自豪地读着我的话，环顾了一下房间，发现我的同学脸上挂着灿烂的笑容，眼里淌着泪水，Lancelot小姐面无表情）可推出作者的同学认为他的报告很可笑，故选A。
2.词义猜测题。划线词所在的句子上文"Proudly reading my words, I glanced around the room, only to find my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes. and Miss Lancelot stone-faced（我自豪地读着我的话，环顾了一下房间，发现我的同学脸上挂着灿烂的笑容，眼里淌着泪水，Lancelot小姐面无表情）可推断，作者的报告遭到了同学们的耻笑因此推断划线句句意为：我慢慢地举起报告，希望能藏起自己，急切地想要找出什么导致了人们这样，由此可知，"burning"意思是：急切地。故选C。
3.细节理解题。根据第二段的"Quickly，I flashed back to the day Miss Lancelot gave me the task. This was the first real task I received in my new school. It seemed simple: go on the Internet and find information about a man named George Washington. Since my idea of history came from an ancient teacher in my home country, I had never heard of that name before.（我飞快地回想起Lancelot小姐给我布置任务的那一天。这是我在新学校接受的第一个真正的任务。这看起来很简单：上网找一个叫乔治华盛顿的人的信息。由于我的历史观来自于我国的一位古代老师，我以前从未听说过这个名字。）可知，作者是不熟悉美国历史才导致找错了华盛顿，故选B。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段"Consequently, I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year. Ten months later, that chance unfolded as I found myself sitting in the headmaster's office with my grandfather and the headmaster informed me of his approval that 1 could skip the sixth grade Justice is sweet！（因此，我在全学年剩下的时间里尽情地投入到我的学习中去。十个月后，机会来了，我和祖父坐在校长办公室里，校长告诉我他同意我可以跳过六年级。正义是甜蜜的！）可推断，作者是通过认真学习让校长给他跳级的机会的，也就是说最后学习取得了成功，发生了逆转，因此推断，作者说"正义是甜蜜的"的意思自己的努力得到了认可，故选C。
三、语法填空
答案：1. Lying2. which3. remains4. scientific5. buried6. it7. to have8. have been found9. to10. cooperation
解析：①考查非谓语动词。句意:据估计,全球各地的海底沉船有300万艘,所有这些沉船都表明,几个世纪以来,人类试图探索地球最遥远的角落。分析句子结构可知lie在句中应用非谓语动词形式,此处作句子的主语,应用动名词形式。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Lying。
②考查定语从句。句意:据估计,全球各地的海底沉船有300万艘,所有这些沉船都表明,几个世纪以来,人类试图探索地球最遥远的角落。此处为"介词+关系代词"结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词shipwrecks,作介词的宾语,指物,在"介词+关系代词"结构非限制性定语从句中只能用which引导。故填which。
③考查动词时态。句意:虽然地球上没有多少陆地未被探索过,但广袤的海床几乎无人知晓。根据上文"there is little land on our planet left unexplored"可知为一般现在时,主语为the vast sea bed,谓语动词用第三人称单数形似。故填remains。
④考查形容词。句意:考虑到我们有限的知识,对海洋的探索不断带来各种科学领域的发现也就不足为奇了。修饰后文名词fields应用形容词scientific,作定语。故填scientific。
⑤考查非谓语动词。句意:首先,许多考古发现都是在浅水区,包括整个被埋在水下的城市。分析句子结构可知bury在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语cities构成被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。故填buried。
⑥考查it用法。句意:然而,深海深处的压力、黑暗和严寒带来的挑战,使我们很难发现更多的过去。此处为"make it adj. to do sth."结构,it作形式宾语,不定式为真正宾语。故填it。
⑦考查非谓语动词。句意:这些发现使我们能够更好地了解生命在极端环境下的生存能力。结合句意表示"使某人能够做某事"可知短语为enable sb. to do sth.。故填to have。
⑧考查动词时态语态。句意:此外,到目前为止,在海洋中发现了更多新的自然资源,如火冰。根据上文so far可知用现在完成时,主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,故用现在完成时的被动语态,主语为more new natural resources,助动词用have。故填have been found。
⑨考查介词。句意:通过全面的国际合作,我们将像熟悉我们生活的土地一样熟悉海洋。结合句意表示"为某人所熟悉"可知短语为be familiar to sb.。故填to。
⑩考查名词。句意:通过全面的国际合作,我们将像熟悉我们生活的土地一样熟悉海洋。空处作宾语,表示"合作"应用名词cooperation,表抽象概念,不可数。故填cooperation。2023届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题四 考点06 形容词和副词（B卷）
一、填空
1.Most teachers encourage personal examples because they are easier to tell and _______ (persuade) to the readers.
2.But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's _____(wonder).
3.Mike was too ______（frighten）to tell his family what had happened.
4.If you study in a ________ (logic) way, you won't leave anything out.
5.Many Chinese universities provide scholarships for students in need of ________(finance) aid.
6.If you need __________(far) information, please contact the saleswoman directly.
7.There are ______(variety) things on sale, so you can choose whatever interests you.
8.The museum serves as a _________(memory) to the millions who lost their lives in the war.
9.As we grow up, we get to know many things which we would be ________(astonish) to see as kids.
10.Yet we remain ________(convince) that the hard winter cannot stop the arrival of spring and darkness can never shroud the light of dawn.
11.______(addition), you'd better practise reading till you can recite it fluently.
12.______( fortunate),no one died from the earthquake, which broke out in the remote village on Friday morning.
13.Put ______(simple), potential is your natural ability that can be developed when you try hard enough.
14.The train has been racing along (steady) since it left Xining.
15.Scientists are _________(constant) developing new technologies to push the social development process forward.
16.The sensors can detect anything abnormal and _____________ (automatic) call someone to come and fix it.
17.It is________(extreme) cold today.
18.It rains ________(heavy) today than yesterday.
19.If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe _______(deep), allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles and your brain.
20.As a result, I ________(total) changed my shape.
二、阅读理解
Whether you're likely to choose coffee or green tea for your morning boost could be determined by your genes, a recent study found.
To examine genetic associations with food preferences, researchers studied the genetic data and food preferences of more than 160,000 people in Japan. The research found genetic links for 13 dietary habits including consumption of alcohol, other drinks and foods, and also complex human diseases such as cancer and diabetes.
"We know that what we eat defines what we are, but we found that what we are also defines what we eat，"said Yukinori Okada, who is one of the researchers.
The researchers used data from the BioBank Japan Project, launched in 2003 with a goal to provide evidence for the implementation of personalized medicine. The project collects DNA and clinical information, including items related to participants' lifestyles such as dietary habits, which were recorded through interviews and questionnaires.
They found nine genetic locations that were associated with consuming coffee, tea, alcohol, yogurt, cheese, natto, tofu, fish, vegetables and meat. Those who ate more fish, natto, tofu and vegetables had a genetic variant that made them more sensitive to umami tastes, best described as savory or "meaty" flavors. Variants responsible for the ability to taste bitter flavors were also observed. This association was found among people who liked to eat tofu；while those without the variant consume less alcohol or none at all.
In order to find whether any of these genetic markers associated with food were also linked with disease, the researchers conducted a phenome study. The phenome involves all the possible observable traits of DNA, known as phenotypes. Six of the genetic markers associated with food were also related to at least one disease phenotype, including several types of cancer as well as type 2 diabetes.
Given all the findings that genetic differences influence not only responses to foods but preferences as well, experts think considering them can help nutritionists personalize diets to each person's needs and tastes while still hitting nutritional requirements. Thus, further research is needed, as Okada said，"By estimating individual differences in dietary habits from genetics, we can help create a healthier society."
1.How does the author begin the text
A.By providing an example. B.By offering an argument.
C.By presenting a conclusion. D.By making an assumption.
2.What can we know about the BioBank Japan Project
A.It found nine genetic locations. B.It provided data for this research.
C.It wanted to achieve personalized medicine. D.It was aimed at collecting DNA of all participants.
3.Which is TRUE about a person who eats more fish and natto
A.He consumes less alcohol. B.He is more sensitive to meaty flavor.
C.He is likely to eat more yogurt and cheese. D.His ability to taste bitter flavors will be improved.
4.What's Okada's attitude to the personalized diets
A.Supportive. B.Doubtful. C.Indifferent. D.Negative.
三、语法填空
There are many kinds of festivals and ①_____ (celebration) throughout the world, ②_____ are held for different reasons. Nowadays festivals have many origins, some ③_____ (religion), some seasonal, and some for special people or events. Different countries have different festivals. In Japan, people clean graves and light incense（香）in memory ④_____ their ancestors on Obon. In the west on Halloween, children ⑤_____ (usual) dress up and go to their neighbor's homes ⑥_____ (ask) for sweets. If the neighbors don't give them any sweets, the children might play ⑦_____ trick on them. ⑧_____ most children in China look forward to in the Spring Festival is that they can get some lucky money. Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals are happy events because the food ⑨_____ (gather) for the winter and a season of agricultural work is over. Whatever festival it is, the spirit of ⑩_____ (share) joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common.
答案以及解析
一、填空
1.答案：more persuasive
解析：考查比较级。句意：大多数老师鼓励举出个人例子，因为这样更容易讲，对读者更有说服力。and表并列，由前面的easier可知，空格处用比较级，即more persuasive，故填more persuasive。
2.答案：wonderful
解析：句意: 然后我们收到了官方的来信, 我们大吃一惊, 我们为她骄傲。那太棒了。根据句子结构可知, 在系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语, 故填wonderful。
3.答案：frightened
解析： 句意:她太害怕了，不敢告诉家人发 生了什么事。frightened adj.感到害怕的。 be frightened to do sth.不敢做某事。
4.答案：logical
解析：句意为:如果你以一种合乎逻辑的方式学习,你就不会遗漏任何内容。设空处应为形容词作定语,修饰way,表示"合乎逻辑的",故填logical。
5.答案：financial
解析：句意为:许多中国大学为需要经济援助的学生提供奖学金。设空处作定语修饰名词aid,故填形容词financial。
6.答案：further
解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据语境可知,此处应用far的比较级,表示"更进一步的,更多的,附加的",故填further。
7.答案：various
解析：考查形容词。根据空后的名词things可知,此处应用形容词修饰名词,因为所给词variety的形容词是various,故填various。
8.答案：memorial
解析：考查词形转换。根据句意可知,空处意为"纪念物",故填memorial。
9.答案：astonished
解析：考查形容词。句意:随着我们的成长,我们会了解很多小时候看到会感觉惊奇的事情。根据句意可知,此处表示"感到惊讶的",应用以-ed结尾的形容词作表语,故填astonished。
10.答案：convinced
解析：考查形容词。句意:但我们仍然坚信,寒冬阻挡不了春天的到来,黑夜遮蔽不住黎明的光。此处作remain的表语,故填形容词convinced,表示"坚信的"。
11.答案：Additionally
解析：句意:此外,你最好练习阅读,直到你能流利地背诵为止。分析可知,此处应用副词作状语, 修饰整个句子, 所填词位于句首, 首字母应大写, 故填Additionally。
12.答案：Fortunately
解析： fortunately是fortunate的副词，意为"幸运地"，在句首作状语，修饰整个句子；首字母大写，故填Fortunately
13.答案：simply
解析：简单来说，潜力是你天生的能力，这种能力在你足够努力的时候是可以被发展的。本题主要考查副词。分析句子结构，设空处所填词用于修饰动词 put，故应填入副词，put simply 为固定搭配，意为"简单来说"。故正确答案为 simply。
14.答案：steadily
解析：考查副词。句意：火车离开西宁后一直在平稳地行驶。分析句子可知，句中"has been racing along"为谓语动词，后面应用副问修饰，"steady"意为"稳定的，平稳的"，形容词词性，对应的副词为"steadily"，意为 "稳定地，平稳地"，在句中作状语。故填steadily。
15.答案：constantly
解析：考查词形转换。此处修饰动词应用所给词的副词形式,故填constantly。
16.答案：automatically
解析：考查副词。句意：传感器可以检测到任何异常，并自动呼叫他人来修复。分析句子结构可知，空处需用副词作状语修饰动词词为 automatically"自动地"。故填 automatically
17.答案：extremely
解析： extremely核心词汇/短语：cold冷， 的翻译：今天很冷。该空修饰形容词cold，故应为副词，答案为extremely，极度地。
18.答案：more heavily
解析：考查副词的比较级。句意:今天的雨比昨天下得大。修饰动词rains 应用副词作状语,根据"than yesterday"可知,此处应用比较级。故填more heavily。
19.答案：more deeply
解析： 句意:如果你去户外锻炼,你的身体就会学会更深地呼吸,让更多的氧气到达你的肌肉和大脑。空格处修饰动词breathe,应用副词形式;结合句意和后面的even more oxygen可知,此空应用比较级,故填more deeply。
20.答案：totally
解析： 副词 totally修饰动词 changed。故填：totally。
二、阅读理解
答案：1-4 CBBA
解析：1.推理判断题。 根据文章第一段"Whether you're likely to choose coffee or green tea for your morning boost could be determined by your genes, a recent study found.(最近的一项研究发现，你早上是选择喝咖啡还是绿茶来提神，这取决于你的基因。）"可知，文章第一段通过呈现一个研究的结论来引出话题。故选C。
2.细节理解题。 根据文章第四段"The researchers used data from the BioBank Japan Project, launched in 2003 with a goal to provide evidence for the implementation of personalized medicine.(研究人员使用了日本生物银行项目(BioBank Japan Project)的数据， 该项目于2003年启动，旨在为个性化医疗的实施提供证据。）"可知，日本生物银行项目为研究提供了数据。故选B。
3.细节理解题。 根据文章第五段"Those who ate more fish, natto, tofu and vegetables had a genetic variant that made them more sensitive to umami tastes, best described as savory or "meaty" flavors.(那些吃鱼、纳豆、豆腐和蔬菜较多的人体内有一种基因变异，使他们对鲜味（即咸味或"肉味"）更敏感。）"可知，吃鱼和纳豆较多的人对肉味更敏感。故选B。
4.推理判断题。 根据文章最后一段"Given all the findings that genetic differences influence not only responses to foods but preferences as well, experts think considering them can help nutritionists personalize diets to each person's needs and tastes while still hitting nutritional requirements. Thus, further research is needed, as Okada said, "By estimating individual differences in dietary habits from genetics, we can help create a healthier society."（鉴于所有的研究发现，基因差异不仅影响人们对食物的反应，而且还会影响人们的偏好，专家认为，考虑到这一点，营养学家可以根据每个人的需求和口味制定个性化的饮食，同时还能满足营养需求。因此，还需要进一步的研究，正如冈田克也说的那样，"通过从基因上估计个人饮食习惯的差异，我们可以帮助创建一个更健康的社会。"）"可知，基因差异不仅影响人们对食物的反应，而且还会影响人们的偏好，因此通过从基因上估计个人饮食习惯的差异，我们可以帮助创建一个更健康的社会。作者对制定个性化的饮食持支持态度。故选A。
三、语法填空
答案：①celebrations②which③religious④of⑤usually⑥to ask⑦a⑧What⑨is gathered⑩sharing
解析：①考查名词的数。句意：世界各地有许多种节日和庆祝活动，它们出于不同的原因而举行。分析句子可知，连词and前连接名词复数形式，因此后面应接名词复数形式。故填celebrations。
②考查定语从句。句意：世界各地有许多种节日和庆祝活动，它们出于不同的原因而举行。分析句子可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词是festivals and celebrations，在从句中做主语，因此使用关系词which引导定语从句。故填which。
③考查形容词。句意：现在的节日有很多起源，有些是宗教性的，有些是季节性的，有些是为特殊人物或事件而举办的。分析句子可知，句中存在并列成分，some seasonal中some后接形容词形式，因此空处也应使用形容词形式。故填religious。
④考查固定搭配。句意：在日本，人们在孟兰盆节扫墓，点香，以纪念他们的祖先。分析句子可知，in memory of是固定搭配意为"纪念"，符合本句语境。故填of。
⑤考查副词。句意：在西方的万圣节，孩子们通常会穿上衣服，到邻居家去要糖果。分析句子可知，这里使用副词性成分作状语修饰动词dress，符合语境。故填usually。
⑥考查动词不定式。句意：在西方的万圣节，孩子们通常会穿上衣服，到邻居家去要糖果。分析句子可知，这里使用动词不定式作目的状语，表示孩子们通常会穿上衣服，到邻居家是为了要糖果。故填to ask。
⑦考查冠词。句意：如果邻居不给他们任何糖果，孩子们可能会对他们耍花招。分析句子可知，trick是名词单数，且play a trick是固定搭配意为"耍花招"，因此这里使用不定冠词a。故填a。
⑧考查主语从句。句意：在中国，大多数孩子在春节期间期待的是，他们可以得到一些压岁钱。分析句子可知，空处所在句子在主句中作主语，因此这是一个主语从句，从句中缺少介词后的宾语，因此使用关系词what引导主语从句，位于句首首字母需大写。故填What。
⑨考查主谓一致和动词的被动语态。句意：丰收节和感恩节都是快乐的事情，因为食物被收集起来过冬，一手的农业劳动结束了。分析句子可知，前后文使用一般现在时，主语the food是单数形式，且与gather之间为被动关系，因此使用一般现在时的被动语态形式。故填is gathered。
⑩考查动名词。句意：不管是什么节日，分享快乐、感恩、爱或和平的精神都很普遍。分析句子可知，介词后接动名词形式。故填sharing.2023届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题四 考点06 形容词和副词（C卷）
一、填空
1.Most of the people on the course were _____ (profession) athletes.
2.Other changes include more _____ (tolerate) attitudes to some pop cultures.
3.Her _____ (impress) smile always makes people warm.
4.This job is so boring. I wish I could do something more __________(create) such as writing and painting.
5.To stay healthy, people should exercise more and maintain a ______(balance) diet
6.Think twice before you take actions, which is _______ (benefit) to you
7.The new meeting room is twice _________(large) than the old one.
8.The world is ______________(flexible) than you think and it's waiting for you to hammer it into shape.
9.As we all know, the Great Wall of China is one of the greatest sights in the world—the _________(long) wall in the world.
10.Now, I have a strong feeling that the past 10 months has been the __________(influential) months of my life.
11.He was shaking______ (violent)．
12.If you are planning to do exercise ____ (regular), or you're doing it now.
13.I could think_________(logical) and produce an answer quicker.
14.Several people have been ___________(violent) attacked in the subway.
15.It is still _____________ (technical) possible for them to win.
16.Her family was (exceptional) poor and all she had was one pair of shoes.
17.___________(obvious), we don't want to spend too much money.
18.Scientists hope that these precautions will prevent any _________(far) damage to the painting.
19.The _________(hard) you work, the greater progress you will make.
20.His first book is of great use for our course. But his latest one is _________(well) worth reading.
二、阅读理解
We're loving the sea to death. We swim into it, live near it, build beside it, and even imagine about living under the sea. For much of our history, we have turned to "hard engineering" to control the marine（海洋的） environment and manage its influence on us. We build dams, sea walls and channels. But all these efforts seem to fail, because we've not been thinking about design of structures with respect to ecology. Some coastal structures create shade, which reduces the growth of seaweed. Bright lights at night contuse species such as turtles (海龟) That's why blue engineering comes in.
Johnson, a marine ecologist, is advocating for "blue engineering" the marine version of the "green engineering" movement on land that has seen nations like Singapore building the walls and roofs of the concrete jungle with plant life.
Researchers with the World Harbour Project are creating tiles (瓦片) similar to the natural structures found on rocky shores with 3D printing technology. These make more attractive homes for marine creatures. Researchers are also actively seeding these tiles with local seaweeds and creatures such as the Sydney rock oyster, which is particularly good at improving water quality. Twelve harbors around the world are taking part in this marine tile experiment, each working with their own unique marine life.
It's a far cry from the days when huge numbers of old tyres were thrown into the sea to build "artificial reefs(礁石)".Those early attempts are now costing millions to remove, showing just how far we have yet to go in understanding how best to co-habit with the underwater world.
1.What do we know about "hard engineering"
A.It has improved sea environment. B.It controls the influence of sea well.
C.It has failed to achieve its purpose. D.It makes living under the sea possible.
2.What does the underlined word "contuse" in Paragraph 1 mean
A.Injure. B.Heat. C.Defend. D.Involve.
3.Which of the following is a form of "blue engineering"
A.Growing plant life on concrete buildings. B.Building rocky shores with 3D printers.
C.Creating an artificial reef with old tyres. D.Building structures benefiting sea creatures.
4.What's the main idea of the passage
A.Two ways of sea engineering B.The green engineering movement.
C.Construction of artificial reefs. D.Research on blue engineering.
三、语法填空
In much areas of Asia, especially the so-called "rice bowl" cultures of China, Japan ①_______ Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.
Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might ②_______ (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal ③_______ (create) special designs.
The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, ④_______ (use) twigs (树枝) to remove it. Over time, ⑤_______ the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.
Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which ⑥_______ (gradual) turned into chopsticks.
Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, ⑦_______ lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC, influenced the ⑧_______ (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and ⑨_______ (be) too violent for use at the table.
Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat ⑩_______ their hands.
答案以及解析
一、填空
1.答案：professional
解析： 句意：球场上的大多数人都是职业运动员。修饰后面名词athletes，应用形容词professional作定语。故填：professional.
2.答案：tolerant
解析： 句意：其他的变化包括对一些流行文化更加宽容的态度。此处作定语修饰名词attitudes，应用形容词tolerant"容忍的"，故填tolerant.
3.答案：impressive
解析： 句意：她的令人印象深刻的微笑总是让人感到温暖。分析句子可知，此处修饰名词smile，应用形容词impressive作定语。故填impressive.
4.答案：creative
解析： 考查形容词。句意：这份工作太枯燥了。我希望我可以做一些更有创造性的事，比如写作和画画。分析句子可知，空处为形容词作定语，修饰前面的不定代词something。故填creative.
5.答案：balanced
解析： 考查形容词。句意：为了保持健康，人们应该更多地锻炼并且保持均衡的饮食。根据空前的冠词a和空后的名词diet可知，空处填形容词修饰diet，表示"均衡的"为balanced。故填balanced。
6.答案：beneficial
解析： 考查形容词。句意：采取行动之前要三思，这对你有好处。分析句子可知，表示"对……有好处"为固定短语be beneficial to, is后为形容词做表语。故填beneficial。
7.答案：larger
解析：此处"倍数+形容词或副词的比较级+than"是表示倍数的结构。故填：larger。
8.答案：more flexible
解析：考查形容词比较级。句意：这个世界比你想象的要灵活得多，它正等着你去塑造它。根据句中的is和than可知这里用形容词的比较级。故填 more flexible。
9.答案：longest
解析：考查形容词的比较等级。句意为:众所周知,中国的长城是世界上最伟大的名胜之一——它是世界上最长的城墙。根据空格前的"the"和句意可知,此处应用形容词long的最高级。故填longest。
10.答案：most influential
解析：句意为:现在,我有一种强烈的感觉,过去的10个月是我生命中最有影响力的月份。根据句意可知,此处应用形容词的最高级。故填most influential。
11.答案：violently
解析： 考查副词。修饰动词shake要用副词。句意：他剧烈地颤抖着。故填violently。
12.答案：regularly
解析： 副词修饰动词。句意：如果你正计划着要经常锻炼，或者你现在正在经常锻炼。故填regularly。
13.答案：logically
解析： 考查翻译填空。根据句意及句子结构，要填入logically，副词修饰动词think.
14.答案：violently
解析： 考查副词。句意：有几个人在地铁里遭到暴力袭击。violently为副词，做状语，修饰动词attacked。故填violently。
15.答案：technically
解析： 修饰形容词possible应用副词, 故填technically。
16.答案：exceptionally
解析： 分析句子可知此空要填副词修饰形容词poor, exceptionally是副词"异常地；特别地"，所以填 exceptionally。
17.答案：Obviously
解析： 考查单词填空。根据句意及句子结构，要填入 Obviously，修饰句子要用副词形式显然，我们不想花太多的钱。
18.答案：further
解析：句意:科学家们希望这些预防措施能防止对这幅画的进一步损坏。any常修饰比较级,空处表示"进一步,在更大程度上",隐含比较意味,故填further。
19.答案：harder
解析：考查比较级。句意:你工作越努力,你取得的进步就越大。本句为"the+比较级,the+比较级"句型,故本空应用副词hard的比较级形式。
20.答案：better
解析： 句意：他的第一本书对我们的课程很有用，但他最新出版的书更值得一读。根据语境判断，句中暗含His first book与his latest one之间的比较，故空格处用well的比较级better。
二、阅读理解
答案：1-4 CADD
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段中的"We build dams, sea walls and channels. But all these efforts seem to fail. The sea has a habit of taking back its own. And we suffer.我们建造水坝、海堤和水道。但所有这些努力似乎都失败了。大海有夺回自己生命的习惯。我们受苦受难。"可知"hard engineering"的意思是未能达到它的目的，故选C。
2.词义猜测题。根据第一段中的"Bright lights at night contuse species such as turtles（海龟）。That's why blue engineering comes in.一些海岸结构形成阴影，这减少了海藻的生长。夜间明亮的灯光会挫伤海龟等物种（龟）。这就是蓝色工程的原因。"可知第1段中带下划线的"contuse"的意思是伤害。A.Injure伤害；B.Heat加热；C.Defend辩护；D.Involve参与。故选A。
3.推理判断题。根据第四段中"Researchers with the World Harbour Project are creating tiles（瓦片）similar to the natural structures found on rocky shores with 3D printing technology.世界港口项目的研究人员正在用3D打印技术制作类似于岩石海岸上发现的自然结构的瓷砖。"可知建造对海洋生物有益的结构是"蓝色工程"的一种结构，故选D。
4.主旨大意题。本文是一篇说明文，介绍了引进蓝色海洋工程的原因以及如何实施蓝色海洋工程。这篇文章的主旨是蓝色工程研究。故选D。
三、语法填空
答案：and ; be made; to create; using ; as; gradually; who; development; were; with
解析：本文是一篇说明文,主要从筷子使用的范围,制作筷子的方式和方法,筷子使用的历史及其发展等方面来展开介绍。
①考查并列连词。这里列举了一些亚洲的国家,它们是并列关系,故填and。
②考查被动语态。此处指精美的筷子可能是由金或银制成的,并刻有汉字。sth. be made of...某物由……制成,情态动词后跟动词原形,故填be made。
③考查不定式。此处指技术娴熟的工人会把各种各样的硬质木材和金属结合起来,以制造出特殊风格的筷子。这里用不定式表目的,故填to create。
④考查现在分词作状语。此处指人们可能使用大锅煮食物,用树枝搅拌食物,use的逻辑主语是People,两者是主动关系,用现在分词表示伴随,故填using。
⑤考查时间状语从句。此处指随着人口的增长,人们开始把食物切成小块,这样可以煮得快一点。这里是时间状语从句,as意为"随着……",故填as。
⑥考查副词。这里修饰动词短语 turned into,应该用副词,故填 gradually。
⑦考查非限制性定语从句。句中有逗号,说明是非限制性定语从句,先行词是 Confucius孔子,定语从句缺少主语,且指人,故填who。
⑧考查名词。这里指"筷子的发展",根据定冠词the和空后的of可知填名词,故填 development。
⑨考查时态。这里指的是刀因太暴力而不适合在餐桌上使用, believed后跟一个宾语从句,and连接了两个并列的谓语, knives是复数,根据时态和主谓一致的原则,这里应用were。
⑩考查介词。此处指在印度,大部分人还是用传统的吃饭方法——用手拿。"with+表示具体工具的名词"表示"用……",故填with。
