2023届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题八 考点11 名词性从句（C卷）
一、填空
1.__________ we will spend our summer holiday is still uncertain now, but I personally hope to go to a seaside city.
2.__________ you didn't finish your homework on time must be explained to me.
3.__________ makes New Zealand's universities stand out is their abilities to provide high-end education.
4.The child is always lying, so none of us will believe __________ he says.
5.After having failed so many times in job interviews, I'm starting to see __________ the problem lies.
6.Too often young people get themselves employed quite by accident, not knowing __________ lies in the way of opportunity for promotion, happiness and security.
7.The beautiful view of the city is ___________ attracts me most.
8.The most exciting moment for her was __________ she finally got the job offer.
9.The reason why he has been succeeding is ______ he never gives up.
10.This is another proof_________ he killed a man.
二、阅读理解
One in five children starting primary school in the UK are overweight. By the time they leave school, that figure will rise to one in three. The chance of them being overweight in adulthood, which brings a range of associated health risks, is high, at 50-75%.
The root cause of diet-related fatness is no secret: an energy imbalance between the quantity of food being consumed and the level of physical activity being conducted. Addressing this imbalance needs to be, in part, a review of our diet. More fresh ingredients(原料) especially fruit and vegetables, less processed foods and fewer additives (添加剂) are all important factors in building a balanced diet.
The Department of Health has recognized that a collective approach, rather than just individual behavior change, is a successful way of achieving this. Universal adjustments like a blanket decrease in sugar content influence the way we eat through the choices available to us.
Applying this approach to school kitchens makes sense. They have an important role to play in maintaining healthy diets. Offering a school menu packed with fresh ingredients and without artificial additives makes a direct and effective impact on what children eat at school.
Ifs an area the Soil Association consistently works to handle through its Food for Life program — working with schools to transform food culture, improve food education and encourage lasting changes to the way schools think about food. It works. In Food for Life schools, pupils are a third less likely to eat no fruit or vegetables than those in comparison schools.
One way for schools to get involved is a Food for Life Served Here award, which means at least 75% of dishes are prepared on site using fresh ingredients. It encourages local seasonal produce and, at silver or gold level, requires a commitment to environmentally friendly produce. At its heart, the award is designed to support health and enhance food understanding.
Over 50% of English primary schools have such an award already, serving around 1.7 million meals each day to over 10,000 schools and it's a figure we'll see grow.
1.What does the underlined word "addressing" in paragraph 2 mean
A.Tackling. B.Ignoring. C.Maintaining. D.Postponing.
2.Which approach will work for students to build a balanced diet
A.Stopping them eating alone in schools.
B.Getting them aware of the harm of fatness.
C.Ensuring healthy recipes on school menus.
D.Increasing the availability and flavor of food.
3.What can we say about the Food for Life program
A.It's a heavy load on schools. B.It's complicated to operate.
C.It's a temporary project. D.It's a fruitful attempt.
4.Which type of food may the Food for Life Served Here award promote
A.Sugary snacks. B.First-class sausages.
C.High-quality imported beef. D.Freshly picked organic beans.
三、语法填空
Many excellent warship crews have been trained on the Liaoning, which is a Chinese Type 001 aircraft carrier. As the only female deck operation officer on it, Remila Dabul of Kazak ethnic group(哈萨克族), whose story ①_____(report) by the media in January, has attracted much public attention.
Before working on the deck, Remila was a radar and telephone ②_____(operate). But when she first saw a J-15 fighter taking off, the idea of working alongside it crossed her mind. ③_____ eager was she to be a crew member that she overcame many difficulties and ultimately became ④_____(qualify).
During her work, Remila wears a blue helmet, goggles, and blue suits. After a J-l5 lands, ⑤_____ she needs to do is carry the heavy wire after ⑥_____(get) signals and run to the fighter to take a series of actions for a quick installation. "The higher risk our work is, the ⑦_____(firm) belief we should have," said Remila. She has put her belief ⑧_____ practice in her daily security and guarantee work.
This year, Remila spent her ⑨_____(five) Spring Festival aboard the carrier. Remila said, "I miss my parents in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. I love my career and ⑩_____(be) willing to shoulder the responsibility to safeguard the happiness and the peaceful life of millions of families in the motherland."
答案以及解析
一、填空
1.答案：Where
解析：句意:我们将在哪里度过我们的暑假现在还不确定,但我个人希望去一个海滨城市。分析句子结构可知,"_______ we will spend our summer holiday"为主语从句;再由句意可知,此处应填Where。
2.答案：Why
解析：句意:你必须跟我解释一下你为什么没能按时完成作业。分析句子结构可知,该句为含有主语从句的复合句;再由句意可知,此处应填Why,表示"(说明理由)为什么"。
3.答案：What
解析：句意:让新西兰的大学脱颖而出的是它们提供高端教育的能力。分析句子结构可知,空处引导主语从句且在从句中作主语,指物,故应用连接代词What。
4.答案：what/whatever
解析：考查宾语从句。句意为:这个孩子总是说谎,所以我们都不会相信他说的(任何)话。分析句子结构可知,本句为宾语从句,空格处在从句中作"says"的宾语,意为"……的东西",应用what或whatever引导该从句。故填what/whatever。
5.答案：where
解析：考查宾语从句。句意为:多次求职面试失败之后,我开始审视问题出在哪里。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导宾语从句；结合句意和"lies"可知，此处应用where引导该从句，在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
6.答案：what
解析：考查宾语从句。句意为:年轻人常常很偶然地找到了工作,并不了解升职、幸福和安全的道路上有什么阻碍。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导宾语从句,该从句作"knowing"的宾语;且引导词在宾语从句中作主语,意为"……的东西",应用what引导该从句。故填what。
7.答案：what
解析：分析句子结构可知,空处引导表语从句,从句中缺主语,空处指代句中的"The beautiful view of the city",且没有选择范围,故应用what引导表语从句。
8.答案：when
解析： 句意：对她来说最激动的时刻是她最终收到了工作邀请。此句为系表结构，was前为主语，was后为表语， was为系动词，表语中是一个完整的句子，不缺成分，且由主语moment时刻和句意可知所选词与时间有关，故填when。
9.答案：that
解析：根据句意和结构可知这里主语是the reason，后面why引导定语从句，is后面是表语从句，从句内容和成分都是完整的，用that引导。故填that.
10.答案：that
解析：考查同位语从句。句意：这是他杀人的又一个证据。分析句意和句子结构可知，本句为同位语从句。从句_____ he killed a man修饰抽象名词proof（证据），且从句中不缺成分，且句意完整，故应用that引导同位语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分。故填that。
二、阅读理解
答案：1-4 ACDD
解析：1.词义猜测题。根据后文"More fresh ingredients(原料) especially fruit and vegetables, less processed foods and fewer additives(添加剂) are all important factors in building a balanced diet."(更多的新鲜食材,尤其是水果和蔬菜,更少的加工食品和更少的添加剂都是建立均衡饮食的重要因素。)可知,本句是解决不均衡的办法,所以addressing指的是"解决"。A. Tackling解决;B. Ignoring忽视;C. Maintaining维持;D. Postponing推迟。故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段"Offering a school menu packed with fresh ingredients and without artificial additives makes a direct and effective impact on what children eat at school."(提供一份充满新鲜食材和没有人工添加剂的学校菜单对孩子们在学校的饮食有直接和有效的影响。)可知,确保学校菜单上有健康的食谱可以帮助学生建立均衡的饮食。故选C。
3.推理判断题。根据第四段"In Food for Life schools, pupils are a third less likely to eat no fruit or vegetables than those in comparison schools."(在"终身饮食"学校,学生不吃水果或蔬菜的可能性比其他学校的学生低三分之一。)可知,关于"生命之粮"计划是一次卓有成效的尝试。故选D。
4.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"One way for schools to get involved is a Food for Life Served Here award, which means at least 75% of dishes are prepared on site using fresh ingredients."(学校参与其中的一种方式是在这里提供终身服务的食物奖,这意味着至少75%的菜肴是现场用新鲜的食材制作的。)可知,终身服务的食物奖推广的是新鲜的食物。故选D。
三、语法填空
答案：①was reported ②operator ③So ④qualified ⑤what ⑥getting ⑦firmer ⑧into ⑨fifth ⑩am
解析：①考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语in January可知, 用一般过去时; 名词story与report之间为被动关系, 所以用被动语态; 主语story为单数, 谓语动词用单数形式。故填was reported。
②考查词形转换。根据不定冠词a可知, 空处用名词的单数形式。故填operator。
③考查固定句型。在"so...that...(如此......以至于......)"结构中, 若将"so+adj./adv."置于句首, 其后的主句要用部分倒装。故填So。
④考查词形转换。系动词became后接形容词作表语。故填qualified。
⑤考查连接词。分析句子结构可知, 空处引导主语从句, 从句中缺少宾语, 指物, 故用what。
⑥考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, 空处作介词after的宾语, 应用动名词形式。故填getting。
⑦考查比较级。分析句子结构可知, 此处是"the+比较级, the+比较级"结构, 表示"越......, 越......"。故填firmer。
⑧考查介词。分析句子结构可知, 此处是固定短语"put...into practice", 意为"把......付诸实践"。故填into。
⑨考查序数词。此处表示"第五个春节", 所以用序数词。故填fifth。
⑩考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知, and连接两个并列成分, 空处的时态应与love保持一致, 故用一般现在时。主语为I, 故填am。专题八 考点11 名词性从句（A卷）
一、填空
1.__________ one of you breaks the window will surely have to pay for it.
2._____ she comes or not makes no difference.
3.After that, _____ happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery.
4.I don't know __________ it was that our headmaster was absent from such an important meeting.
5.We do not know __________ man first began to use salt, but we do know that it has been used in many different ways throughout history.
6.Nowadays college graduates face so much job competition that they seldom care __________ they do as long as they can earn a living.
7.You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ________ I disagree.
8.Chances are __________China and Russia will make an agreement to build an oil pipeline.
9.The most exciting moment was _____ I was given first prize.
10.In Frozen 2, Elsa and Anna are determined to solve the myth _____ Elsa was born with magic power.
二、阅读理解
Most teenagers are still trying to find their passion and purposes in life. However, not Gitanjali Rao. The 15-year-old girl has been coming up with innovative solutions to worldwide problems since she was ten. It is, therefore, not surprising that the teenager has won the honor of "America's Top Young Scientist".
In the third grade, Rao was inspired to build a device after witnessing the shocking story unfold in Flint, Michigan, where cost-cutting measures led to the use of a polluted river as the city's primary water supply and incredibly high levels of lead made their way into people's drinking water.
After two months' research, Rao designed a small and portable device that used sensors to instantly detect lead in water. Called Tethys, after the Greek Goddess(女神) of freshwater, it attaches to a cellphone and informs the residents via an app if their drinking water contains lead. The design earned her the 3M Young Scientist Challenge in 2017. She is currently working with scientists and medical professionals to test Tethys' potential and hopes the device will be ready for commercial use by 2022.
Later, Rao took on another social issue — drug addiction. Her app, called Epione, which won the Health Pillar Prize at the TCS Ignite Innovation Student Challenge in May 2019, is designed to catch drug addiction in young adults before ifs too late.
More recently, the teenager has developed an app named Kindly, which uses artificial intelligence technology to detect possible signs of cyberbullying(网上欺凌). When users type in a word or phrase, Kindly is able to pick it up if ifs bullying, and then it gives the option to edit it or send it the way it is. It gives them the chance to rethink what they are saying so that they know what to do next time.
All kinds of awesome, Gitanjali Rao has been selected from 5,000 equally impressive nominees(被提名人) for TIME Magazine's first-ever "Kid of the Year".
1.What gave Rao the idea of inventing the device Tethys
A.The incident of lead pollution. B.The issue with drug addiction.
C.The shortage of water supplies. D.The high cost of purifying water.
2.What is Rao expecting of Tethys
A.It'll remove metal from water. B.It'll make it to market soon.
C.It'll win her a higher prize. D.It'll be fitted to cellphones.
3.What will Kindly allow users to do
A.Receive pre-warning signals of threat.
B.Input words into a computer automatically.
C.Choose from secure social networking sites.
D.Weigh their words before posting them online.
4.Which of the following can best describe Gitanjali Rao as a young scientist
A.Ambitious and humble. B.Optimistic and adventurous.
C.Talkative and outstanding. D.Creative and productive.
三、语法填空
Enjoying great fame at home and abroad for his excellent artistic achievements, the famous pipa master Fang Jinlong ①_______(honor) with many titles, but he calls himself as a "chameleon (变色龙)"in music.
Indeed, like a dragon ②_______ (wander) around the world of Chinese traditional folk music, he transforms his role in performances, composition and social activities and always keeps enthusiastic. In addition to inheriting traditional Chinese culture, he is also ③_______ (energetic) engaged in the popularization of folk music and advocates the ④_______ (combine) of fashion and the market for folk music.
Besides pipa, he can play many other instruments. "My father worked in traditional Chinese opera, ⑤_______ there were always lots of folk instruments around the house from ⑥_______ I was a young child. Learning a musical instrument is a lot like learning a foreign language. Picking up ⑦_______ first foreign language can be quite difficult, but as you learn more, it gets ⑧_______ (easy)," he said in an interview.
As a Chinese musician, Fang Jinlong ⑨_______ (leave) his footprints in some countries and regions of Asia, Europe, Africa and Oceania so far. He hopes to use folk music as a call ⑩_______ peace and happiness in the world.
答案以及解析
一、填空
1.答案：Whichever
解析：句意:无论你们中哪一个打破了窗户,都必将要为此付出代价。分析句子结构可知,该句中"_______ one of you breaks the window"为主语从句,且根据空后的of you可知,此处有范围限制,故应填Whichever。
2.答案：Whether
解析：考查名词性从句连接词。句意：她来不来都没有关系。此处为主语从句，从句中不缺少成分，与后文 or not构成短语 whether… or not，表示是否，故应用 whether句首单词首字母要大写。故填 Whether。
3.答案：what
解析：考查主语从句。what引导主语从句, 并且在从句中作主语。句意: 在那之后, 琥珀屋发生了什么仍然是一个谜。
4.答案：why
解析：考查宾语从句。句意为:我不知道为什么我们的校长缺席了这么重要的一个会议。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导宾语从句,且引导词在从句中作动词"know"的宾语;根据句意可知,此处应用why引导该从句,意为"为什么"。故填why。
5.答案：when
解析：考查宾语从句。句意为:我们不知道人类何时开始第一次使用盐,但是我们的确知道,盐在历史上被用于多种不同的用途。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导宾语从句,引导词作"know"的宾语;根据句意可知,此处应用when引导该从句,在从句中作时间状语,意为"何时"。故填when。
6.答案：what
解析：考查宾语从句。句意为:现在大学毕业生面临着太多的工作竞争,以至于只要能谋生,他们很少关心自己是做什么工作的。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导宾语从句，且引导词在从句中作"do"的宾语，意为"……的事"，应用what引导该从句。故填what。
7.答案：where
解析：考查表语从句。本句中的where I disagree作为表语,和系动词is构成系表结构。表语从句中的谓语动词disagree是一个不及物动词,后面不需要直接加宾语。句意:你可以说每个人都是平等的,这正是我不同意的地方。故填where。
8.答案：that
解析：此句是主系表结构，are是系动词，后面是表语从句。空中填引导词。从句结构完整，意思完整，that引导名词性从句不做成分，无意义。所以填that。
9.答案：when
解析：句意: 最令人激动的时刻就是我获得一等奖的时候。when引导表语从句并在从句中作时间状语。
10.答案：why
解析：句意为:在《冰雪奇缘2》中,艾莎和安娜决心解开艾莎与生俱来的魔力之谜。此处引导同位语从句,解释myth的内容,结合句意可知,此处表示原因,故填why。
二、阅读理解
答案：1-4 ABDD
解析： 1.细节理解题。根据文章第二段"In the third grade, Rao was inspired to build a device after witnessing the shocking story unfold in Flint, Michigan, where cost-cutting measures led to the use of a polluted river as the city's primary water supply and incredibly high levels of lead made their way into people's drinking water."（在上三年级时，拉奥目睹了密歇根州弗林特市发生的一件令人震惊的事情，他受此启发设计了一个装置。弗林特市的成本削减措施导致一条被污染的河流成为该市的主要水源，人们的饮用水中铅的含量高得令人难以置信。）并结合文章下一段关键句"Called Tethys, after the Greek Goddess of freshwater, it attaches to a cell phone and informs the residents via an app if their drinking water contains lead."（它被命名为Tethys，取自希腊的淡水女神。它附着在手机上，通过应用程序通知居民他们的饮用水是否含铅。）可知，铅污染事故使得Rao萌发出发明Tethys装置的想法。故选A项。
2.细节理解题。根据文章第三段关键"She is currently working with scientists s an d medical professionals to test Tethys' potential and hopes the device will be ready for commercial use by 2022."（她目前正在与科学家和医学专业人士合作，测试Tethys的潜力，并希望该设备能在2022年投入商业使用。）可知，Rao希望Tethys能够尽快投入市场。故选B项。
3.细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段关键句"When users type in a word or phrase. Kindly is able to pick it up if it's bullying, and then it gives the option to edit it or send it the way it is. It gives them the chance to rethink what they are saying so that they know what to do next time."（当用户输入一个单词或短语时，Kindly能够识别出它是否具有欺侮性，然后它会提供编辑或按其方式发送的选项。这给了他们重新思考自己所说的话的机会，这样他们就知道下次该怎么做了。）可知，Kindly让用户在发表自己的话语之前，先衡量下他们的话语是否合适。故选D项。
4.推理判断题。根据文中第二段"In the third grade, Rao was inspired to build a device after witnessing the shocking story unfold in Flint, Michigan"（在上三年级时，拉奥目睹了密歇根州弗林特市发生的一件令人震惊的事情。她受此启发设计了一个装置）描述Gitanjali Rao通过目睹的一场事故从而发明了一种装置可知，Rao是富有创造力的：又根据她发明的"Tethys"，"Epione"及"Kindly"并结合文章第一段关键"The 15-year-old girl has been coming up with innovative solutions to worldwide problems since she was ten. "（这个15岁的女孩从10岁起就一直在为世界各地的问题想出创新解决方案。）可知，她又是一个多产的发明家。故选D项。
三、语法填空
答案：1. is honored2. wandering3. bination5. so6. when7. the8. easier9. has left10. for
解析：
本文主要讲述了琵琶大师方锦龙在音乐方面的追求和取得的成就,以及他对民间音乐的传播与发展做出的贡献。
1. is honored 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:著名琵琶大师方锦龙因其卓越的艺术成就享誉海内外,被冠以许多称号,但他自称是音乐中的"变色龙"。honor为及物动词,意为"给……以荣誉"。分析句子结构可知,honor与主语the famous pipa master Fang Jinlong之间为被动关系,故用被动语态;且该句表达的是客观事实,应用一般现在时;主语为第三人称单数,故填is honored。
2. wandering 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处作定语修饰名词dragon,且dragon和wander之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,故填wandering。
3. energetically 考查词性转换(形容词→副词)。分析句子结构可知,此处修饰谓语is engaged,应用副词,故填energetically。
4. combination 考查词性转换(动词→名词)。根据空格前的冠词the和空格后的介词of可知,此处应使用名词,故填combination。
5. so 考查并列连词。句意:我父亲从事中国传统戏曲工作,所以从我还是个小孩的时候起,家里就总有很多民乐器。分析句子结构可知,空格前后都是完整的句子,因此空处应使用连词;再结合句意,前后句子之间为因果关系,故填并列连词so。
6. when 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知,介词from之后的内容为宾语从句,从句中缺少时间状语,此处表示"从我还是个小孩的时候起",故填when。
7. the 考查冠词。序数词前要用定冠词the,此处表示"第一门外语"。
8. easier 考查形容词比较级。此处表示"你学得越多,它就变得越容易",get为系动词,根据空前的more的提示可知,此处应使用形容词比较级,故填easier。
9. has left 考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语so far可知,此处应用现在完成时;句子主语为第三人称单数,故填has left。
10. for 考查介词。句意:他希望用民间音乐来呼吁世界和平与幸福。call在该句中为名词,意为"呼吁",常与介词for搭配,表示"对……的呼吁"。专题八 考点11 名词性从句（B卷）
一、填空
1._________ is reported in the newspaper is that seventeen climbers have been killed in the snowstorm.
2._________ breaks the law should be punished.
3.__________ beauty comes from within is widely accepted in today's society. Therefore, we should attach great importance to inner beauty.
4.There will be a special price for _________ buys things in large number here.
5.The king was so clever that he thought of a good way to test ______ his men were reliable.
6.You can never imagine _________ great difficulty he had solving the problem.
7.The problem with building the factory is ___________ we don't have enough money.
8.He is more of a talker than a doer, which is ___________ he often gives up halfway.
9.You say that everyone should take equal responsibility, and this is just ___________ I disagree.
10.I have no idea _____ he did that afternoon.
二、阅读理解
The flight of butterflies has so far been somewhat of a secret to researchers, given their unusually large and broad wings relative to their body size. Now researchers at Lund University in Sweden have studied the aerodynamics(空气动力) of butterflies in the wind tunnel (风洞). The results suggest that butterflies use a highly helpful clap technique, therefore making use of their unique wings. This helps them rapidly take off when escaping natural enemies.
The researchers studied the wingbeats of freely flying butterflies during takeoff in the wind tunnel. During the upward process, the wings cup, creating an air-filled pocket between them. When the wings strike each other, the air is forced out, resulting in a backward strong stream of air that pushes the butterflies forward. The downward wingbeat has another function: the butterflies stay in the air and do not fall to the ground.
The wings' striking was described by researchers almost 50 years ago, but it is only in this study that the theory has been tested on real butterflies in free flight. Until now, it has been generally believed that butterfly wings are aerodynamically inefficient. However, the researchers suggest that the opposite is actually true.
"That the wings are cupped when butterflies clap them together, makes the wing clap much more effective. It is an elegant mechanism that is far more advanced than we imagined, and it is fascinating," says biology researcher Per Henningsson, who studied the butterflies' aerodynamics. "The results of the study could help inspire improved performance and flight technology in small unmanned aircraft," he continues.
In addition to studying the butterflies, the researchers designed mechanical wings that are modeled on real ones. The shape and flexibility of the mechanical wings as they are cupped and folded confirm the efficiency. Their measurements show that the pushing force created by the flexible wings is 22 percent higher and the efficiency 28 percent better compared to if the wings had been rigid.
1.What does the researchers' study focus on？
A. The butterfly's body size. B. The butterfly's escape technique.
C. The butterfly's flying principle. D. The butterfly's frequency of wingbeats.
2.For what purpose do butterfly wings strike？
A. To circle steadily in the air. B. To form an air pocket.
C. To release their additional energy. D. To empty the air pocket for forward force.
3.Why were the mechanical wings made？
A. They might draw public attention.
B. They could be used to test the findings.
C. They'd show results in line with popular belief.
D. They helped avoid experimenting on live butterflies.
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text？
A. Butterfly Adapts Itself to the Wild Survival
B. Butterfly Wing Clap Explains Secret of Flight
C. Flexible Wings Boost Aircraft Making Industry
D. New Discoveries Are Made Based on Aerodynamics
三、语法填空
Every year in the first week of my English class, some students inform me that writing is too hard. They never write, unless it ①_____ (require). They find the writing process painful and difficult.
How awful it is to be able to speak in a language but not to write in it-especially English, with its ②_____ not write is like living in an enormous house but never rich vocabulary. Being able to speak leaving one small room. When I meet students ③_____ think they can't write, I know as a teacher my mission is to show them ④_____ rest of the rooms. My task is to build fluency and accuracy while ⑤_____ (provide) the opportunity in any writing activity to enhance the moral and emotional development of my students. One great way to do this is ⑥_____ having students write in a journal in class every day.
Writing ability is like strength training. Writing needs to be done ⑦_____ (day), just like exercise; just as muscles grow stronger with exercise, writing skills improve quickly with writing practice. I often see a rise in students' ⑧_____ (confident) and performance after only a few weeks of journal writing.
Expressing oneself in writing is one of the most important skills I teach ⑨_____ (strengthen) the whole students. When my students practice journal writing, they are practicing for their future ⑩_____ (profession) lives. They build skills so that some day they might write a great novel, a piece of news, or the perfect love letter.
答案以及解析
一、填空
1.答案：What
解析： 本题主要考查主语从句。分析句子结构，该句为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代事情应使用what，注意句首单词首字母需大写。故正确答案为What。
2.答案：Whoever
解析： 任何犯法的人都应该受到惩罚。should前是主语从句，从句缺少主语，故使用连接代词来引导；whoever无论谁，连接代词。
3.答案：That
解析：句意:在当今社会,人们广泛认为美来自于内心。因此,我们应该非常重视内在美。分析句子结构可知,"_______ beauty comes from within"为主语从句,且从句中意义完整,不缺成分,故应用That引导主语从句。
4.答案：whoever
解析： 介词for后面是一个宾语从句，连接词在从句中作主语，且根据句意可知表示"……的那个人（或那些人）；……的任何人"之意，应用连接代词whoever引导该从句，故填whoever.
5.答案：whether
解析： 句意：那位国王非常聪明，他想出了一个检验他的臣民是否可信赖的好方法。"______ his men were reliable"作动词test的宾语，设空处表示"是否"，故填whether。
6.答案：what
解析：考查宾语从句。句意为:你无法想象他解决这个问题有多么困难。 have difficulty (in) doing sth.是固定搭配,意为"做某事有困难";分析句子结构可知,空格处引导宾语从句,该从句是一个感叹句,结构为"what+形容词+名词+主语+谓语"。故填what。
7.答案：that
解析：句意:建工厂的难题是我们没有足够的钱。分析句子结构可知,空处引导表语从句,且从句意思表达完整,不缺成分。故用连接词that。
8.答案：why
解析：句意:与其说他是一个实干者,不如说他是一个空谈者,这就是为什么他经常半途而废。空处引导表语从句,且表示"为什么",故填why。
9.答案：where
解析：句意:你说每个人都应该负相同的责任,这正是我不同意的地方。"_______ I disagree"是表语从句,且根据句意可知,空处表示"……的地方",故填where。
10.答案：what
解析：考查同位语从句。句意：我不知道他下午做了什么。分析句子可知，此处是同位语从句的连接词，从句缺少宾语和"什么"之意，应用连接词代词what，故填what 。
二、阅读理解
答案：1.B; 2.D; 3.B; 4.B
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段"The flight of butterflies has so far been somewhat of a secret to researchers, given their unusually large and broad wings relative to their body size. Now researchers at Lund University in Sweden have studied the aerodynamics(空气动力) of butterflies in the wind tunnel(风洞)."(到目前为止,蝴蝶的飞行对研究人员来说还是一个秘密,因为它们的翅膀相对于它们的体型来说是非常大和宽阔的。现在,瑞典隆德大学的研究人员已经研究了蝴蝶在风洞中的空气动力学。)可知,研究人员的研究重点是蝴蝶的飞行原理。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段"When the wings strike each other, the air is forced out, resulting in a backward strong stream of air that pushes the butterflies forward."(当蝴蝶的翅膀相互撞击时,空气被挤出,产生一股强大的向后气流,推动蝴蝶前进。)可知,蝴蝶翅膀撞击的目的是清空气穴以获得前进的力量。故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段"mechanical wings that are modeled on real ones. The shape and flexibility of the mechanical wings as they are cupped and folded confirm the efficiency. Their measurements show that the pushing force created by the flexible wings is 22 percent higher and the efficiency 28 percent better compared to if the wings had been rigid."(除了研究蝴蝶,研究人员还模仿真实的蝴蝶设计了机械翅膀。机械机翼的形状和灵活性,因为他们是杯状和折叠确认效率。他们的测量结果显示,与刚性机翼相比,柔性机翼产生的推力提高了22%,效率提高了28%。)可推断,制造机械机翼可以用来测试这些发现。故选B。
4.标题归纳题。根据第一段"The flight of butterflies has so far been somewhat of a secret to researchers, given their unusually large and broad wings relative to their body size."(到目前为止,蝴蝶的飞行对研究人员来说还是一个秘密,因为它们的翅膀相对于它们的体型来说是非常大和宽阔的。)及全文可知,本文主要是解答蝴蝶拍翅说明飞行的秘密。故选B。
三、语法填空
答案：①is required②but③who/that④the⑤providing⑥by through⑦daily⑧confidence⑨to strengthen⑩professional
解析：①考查时态和语态。句意：除非有必要，否则他们从不写作。根据文章时态可知，用一般现在时。这里的it指代writing，与动词require是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is required。
②考查连词。句意：会说却不会写，就像住在一座巨大的房子里，却不能离开一个小房间。前后之间为转折关系，应用but连接。故填but。
③考查定语从句，句意：当我遇到那些认为自己不会写字的学生时，我知道，作为一名老师，我的任务就是带他们参观其他房间。句中先行词为students,指人，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who/that引导。故填who/that。
④考查冠词，句意：当我遇到那些认为自己不会写字的学生时，我知道，作为一名老师，我的任务就是带他们参观其他房间，固定短语the rest of剩下的，其余的。故填the。
⑤考查非谓语动词，句意：我的任务是建立流利和准确，同时在任何写作活动中提供机会，以提高我的学生的道德和情感发展。此处应用非谓语动词和while构成时间状语，provide与逻辑主语之间为主动关系，所以用动词的现在分词形式。故填providing。
⑥考查介词。句意：一个很好的方法是让学生每天在课堂上写日记，通过句意可知，这里是"通过"之意，应用介词by/through表达。故填by through.
⑦考查副词。句意：写作需要每天都做，就像锻炼一样；正如肌肉在锻炼中变得更强壮一样，写作技巧也在练习中迅速提高。修饰动词done用副词。故填daily。
⑧考查名词。句意：我经常看到学生在写了几周的日记后，自信心和表现都有所提高。名词所有格students'后名词形式，故填confidence.
⑨考查非谓语动词。句意：在写作中表达自己是我教的最重要的技能之一，以加强整个学生。句中应用不定式作目的状语。故填to strengthen.
⑩考查形容词。句意：当我的学生练习写日记时，他们是在为他们未来的职业生涯练习。名词lives前用形容词修饰。故填professional.
