被动语态
单项选择
1．Many adolescents are addicted to online computer games, and it is believed some gaming app companies were________ because they didn’t adequately check their users’ registration.
A．to be blamed B．to blame C．blamed for D．blamed on
2．Japan requested that the 2020 Olympic Games ________ off to 2021 because of the COVID-19.
A．should put B．putting C．be put D．put
3．By April 24, it was reported that more than 589,000 Koreans ______ in large walk through facilities that delivered quick results.
A．would test B．were tested C．tested D．had been tested
4．When he _____ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
A．was asking B．was asked C．has asked D．was to asked
5．Quantities of money _______ to the children in need.
A．have donated B．have been donated C．has been donated D．has donated
6．Nothing but some ancient Chinese coins ________ in the sunken ship since they began the exploration.
A．were found B．has been found C．had been found D．have been found
7．________ is known that with the help of high technology, more and more new substances________ in the past years.
A．It;discovered
B．As;have discovered
C．As; had been discovered
D．It;have been discovered
8．He insisted that he________ in good health and________ to work there.
A．was; be sent B．is; be sent
C．is; was sent D．was; send
9．After school we went to the reading room to do some reading, only to be told that it ________.
A．was decorated B．had decorated C．had been decorated D．was being decorated
10．Don’t be_________by products claiming to make you lose weight quickly.
A．taken in B．taken down C．taken up D．taken on
11．The two nurses ________ 100,000 yuan by the police but donated it to victims of the explosion.
A．rewarded B．would reward C．have been rewarded D．had been rewarded
12．Last year, some measures ________ to protect wildlife resources.
A．are taken B．being taken C．had been taken D．were taken
13．The pond ____ about 2 meters across.
A．is measured B．is longed C．lengthens D．measures
14．Currently, the way coronavirus ______ down by some people is concerning and there are even some throwaway comments that appear to undermine the seriousness of the threat.
A．to be played B．has played C．is playing D．is being played
15．To what extent Hook ______ for his strategies on this occasion is for the historian to decide.
A．is to be blamed B．should be blamed
C．should put blame D．is to blame
16．The electric power ______ to 2.3 million residents, which was 40% of those affected across the state by last Tuesday.
A．was restored B．had restored
C．had been restored D．has been restored
17．The professor became “well-known” when his well-published breakthroughs in cloning human stem cells ______ to be fake.
A．were discovered B．to be discovered
C．has been discovered D．is to discover
18．Dr. Manteca has made it clear that much of his collection ______ to the national gallery.
A．has 1eft B．is to leave C．leaves D．is to be left
19．Helen recommended that I ______ receive further education.
A．was sent to B．sent to C．was sending to D．be sent to
20．Smoking is _______ as a leading cause of lung cancer.
A．applied B．packed C．recognized D．contracted
21．The gym which _________ will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.
A．is being built B．is built C．has been built D．will be built
22．The telephone had been ringing for five minutes before it _________.
A．answered B．had been answered C．was answering D．was answered
23．I will need one more stamp before my collection _________.
A．is completed B．will be completed C．has been completed D．is being completed
24．It is his belief that such a masterpiece _________ more than once.
A．is worth to read B．is worth reading C．worths to read D．worths reading
25．________ to compete in the Olympic Games for the first time
A．When do you suppose women were allowed
B．When do you suppose women allowed
C．When do you suppose were women allowed
D．Do you suppose when women were allowed
26．—Why don’t you ride your bicycle today
—Oh, it broke down. It ________ now.
A．is being repaired B．is repaired
C．was repaired D．will be repaired
27．His private museum together with his art collections________ to the country as a gift.
A．has offered B．have offered C．is offered D．are offered
28．When the sun’s rays hit the Earth, a lot of the heat is________ back into space.
A．reached B．added C．reflected D．responded
29．So far, every possible method ______ to meet the highest possible standard.
A．has tried B．is tried C．has been tried D．have been tried
30．A professor at the Academy has proposed that a fund _________ to raise money.
A．establishes B．established C．be established D．will establish
31．—I really admire the medical workers who rushed to Wuhan bravely to fight against the novel coronavirus.
—They ________ as the most beautiful Heroes in Harm’s Way.
A．regarded B．are regarded C．have regarded
32．— Our school sports meet_____next week. Which sport will you take part in
—The long jump and the high jump. I’m good at jumping.
A．holds B．will be held C．is holding D．is held
33．How many buildings ________when the hurricane ended
A．was destroyed B．had been destroyed C．destroyed D．is destroyed
34．Shortly after we ________, a waiter came over to our table with a smile.
A．seated B．were seated C．sat ourselves D．took places
35．Unless otherwise ________ all the regulations apply to students in Senior Three.
A．to be stated B．stated C．stating D．is stated
36．—Have you decided to rent the flat
—Yes. Its living room________4m by 6m suits me fine.
A．measured B．measuring C．to measure D．to be measured
37．He kept a little notebook, in which ______ the new words and phrases he learned.
A．wrote B．was writing C．was written D．were written
38．The launch of the new car ________, with 1,000 orders placed within the first hour of the event.
A．was proved successful B．was proved a success
C．proved being successful D．proved a success
39．John Snow suspected that water was ________ for the disease, so he ________ to look for proof.
A．blamed, set out B．to blame, set for C．to blame, set up D．to blame, set out
40．Once employed, Tom ________to China to do market research.
A．is sent B．will send C．will be sent D．has been sent
41．The famous musician, as well as his students, ______ to perform at the opening ceremony of the Flower Expo last year.
A．were invited B．was invited C．have been invited D．has been invited
42．—Why didn’t you get the tickets
—When we got to the cinema, all the tickets _________ out.
A．sold B．had been sold C．have sold D．was sold
43．—You know, a new park ________ near the river now.
—Wow, we’ll have a good place to relax in the future.
A．building B．will build C．to be built D．is being built
44．He is _________ with first degree murder in deaths of 10 pedestrians.
A．accused B．occupied C．irritated D．charged
45．Don’t worry. Your package _______ here until you come back, so enjoy shopping here.
A．will keep B．has kept C．will be kept D．has been kept
46．My sister bought a kind of cloth. This kind of cloth _______.
A．felt very soft B．feels very soft
C．is felt very soft D．feels very softly
47．In the past few years, important advances ______ in environmental science thanks to increasing computer power.
A．are making B．have made C．are being made D．have been made
48．These chairs may look good, but they’re very uncomfortable ______.
A．to sit on B．to be sat on C．sit on D．sitting on
49．Teenagers have to be 18 years old before they __________to drive a car.
A．are allowed B．allowed C．will be allowed D．allow
50．Steam engines ________to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers,with all the smoke and noise.
A．are used B．used C．have been used D．were used
参考答案：
1．B
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：许多青少年沉迷于网络电脑游戏，据信一些游戏应用公司应受责备，因为他们没有充分检查用户的注册。A. to be blamed受到责备；B. to blame责备 ；C. blamed for因……责备；D. blamed on把责任推给……。be to blame为固定搭配，表示“应受责备”，主动形式表示被动意义，符合句意。故选B项。
2．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：由于新冠疫情，日本要求将2020年奥运会推迟到2021年。分析句子结构可知，request后面的that引导的是宾语从句，request意为“要求”，其后的宾语从句中的谓语动词使用“should+动词原形”结构，should可以省略，且主语the 2020 Olympic Games与put off间为被动关系，要用被动语态，故选C项。
3．D
【详解】考查过去完成时的被动的语态。句意：据报道，截至4月24日，有超过58.9万韩国人在快速产生结果的设施中进行了大规模测试。分析句子可知，主语Koreans与动词test之间是被动关系，排除AC选项；根据时间标志词“By April 24”意为“到4月24号为止”，应用完成时，又根据it was reported可知，应采用过去完成时。故选D项。
4．B
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：当被问及他对教学工作的看法时，菲利普说他觉得这份工作很有趣，也很有意义。分析句子可知，此处为从句谓语动词的填入，因从句主语he和动词ask为被动关系，结合主句said为过去时可知，该空为一般过去时的被动语态结构。故选B项。
5．B
【详解】考查主谓一致和被动语态。句意：大量的钱被捐赠给需要帮助的孩子们。主语quantities是复数，谓语动词也用复数，且主语与谓语动词donate之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故选B项。
6．B
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：自从他们开始探险以来，就只在沉船中发现了一些古代的中国钱币。根据句子中的时间状语“since they began the exploration”可知，此处应使用现在完成时；由于本句中的主语为Nothing but...结构，故谓语动词与but之前的不定代词nothing之间是被动关系且保持一致，故用第三人称单数形式；主语nothing与find是被动关系。故选B项。
7．D
【详解】考查形式主语it和时态语态。句意：众所周知，在高科技的帮助下，越来越多的新物质在过去几年被发现。分析句子可知，空一是形式主语，that引导主语从句，作真正的主语，that从句中，根据时间状语in the past few years可知，使用现在完成时，根据句意新物质和发明之间用被动形式。故D正确。
8．A
【详解】考查时态和语态以及虚拟语气。句意：他坚持说他身体很好，并且坚持被派去那里工作。第一空：insist意为“坚持说，坚持认为”时其后宾语从句用陈述语气，主句用的一般过去时，此处也用一般过去时；第二空：insist意为“坚持”时其后从句用虚拟语气，采用“should+动词原形”的形式，其中should可省略，主语he和sent之间是被动关系，用被动语态，应是be sent。故选A项。
9．D
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：放学后，我们去阅览室看书，结果被告知正在装修。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查that引导的宾语从句中谓语动词。这句话描述的是过去的事情，表示过去正在发生的动作，句子主语it和动词decorate是被动关系，用过去进行时的被动语态，be动词用was。故选D。
10．A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：不要被那些号称能让你快速减肥的产品所欺骗。A. taken in欺骗；B. taken down写下；C. taken up占据；D. taken on上映。根据句意，表示“欺骗”用take in，符合句意。故选A。
11．D
【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：这两名护士被警方奖励了10万元，但她们将其捐给了爆炸受害者。根据“but donated it to victims of the explosion”可知“她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者”是发生在过去的事情，而“两位护士被警方奖赏10万元”是发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时，且“两位护士”和“奖赏”是被动关系，故用被动语态，故选D。
12．D
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：去年，采取了一些措施来保护野生动物资源。根据句意分析句子可知，空格处是该句子的谓语部分，先排除B项，B项是非谓语形式；根据句子的时间状语last year可知，句子应该用一般过去时，排除A项和C项；句子的主语some measures和谓语动词take之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态。故选D项。
13．D
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个池塘大约有两米宽。measure作为动词，可表示“估量、测量”，此时有被动语态；也可表示“（尺寸、长短、数量等）量度为……”，后面可直接接数字，此时无被动语态；long作为形容词时，表示“长的”，作为动词则表示“渴望”；lengthen为动词，表示“使变长”。根据句意可知，此处表示池塘的宽度为两米，应用measure。故选D项。
14．D
【详解】考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意：目前，一些人对冠状病毒轻描淡写的方式令人担忧，甚至有一些随意的评论似乎削弱了威胁的严重性。动词短语play down意为“轻描淡写”。根据“by some people”可知，此处应用被动语态，所以排除选项B和选项C。定语从句“coronavirus ______ down by some people”中缺少谓语或系动词，选项A为非谓语动词，所以排除选项A。此处用现在进行时表示现下正在进行的状态。故选D。
15．D
【详解】考查短语。句意：胡克在这种情况下所采取的策略在多大程度上应该受到责备，这要由历史学家来决定。表示“应该受到责备”用be to blame，空处为从句谓语动词，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故选D。
16．C
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：截至上周二，该州230万居民已恢复供电，占受影响人口的40%。由“by last Tuesday”可知，句子时态用过去完成时，电力是被恢复，因此空格处是过去完成时的被动语态，即had been done，故选C。
17．A
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：当这位教授在克隆人类干细胞方面发表的大量突破性成果被发现是假的时，他就“出名了”。空处为状语从句的谓语动词，主语his well-published breakthroughs和discover之间是被动关系，结合语境和主句谓语动词became判断为一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。
18．D
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：曼特卡博士明确表示，他的大部分藏品将留给国家美术馆。be+to do sth.表示按计划或安排要做的事。从句中主语 much of his collection与leave之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选D。
19．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：海伦建议把我送去接受进一步的教育。recommend意为“建议”，其后的that从句中用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，“我”是被送去接受教育，因此空格处用should be done，其中should可省略，因此空格处是(should) be sent to，故选D。
20．C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：吸烟被认为是导致肺癌的主要原因。A. applied 应用；B. packed将……打包；C. recognized认出，识别，承认；D. contracted签合同，订契约。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查表示“认为”意思的动词的过去分词形式，作表语，和前面的is构成一般现在时的被动语态结构。故选C。
21．A
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：正在建造的体育馆很快就会对游客开放。工作差不多完成了。A.is being built正在被建立；B.is built被建立；C. has been built已经被建立；D.will be built将要被建立。设空处在从句中作谓语，和句子的主语which(指代先行词the gym)之间为被动关系，根据后句“will be open to tourists soon(很快就会对游客开放)”，说明体育馆正在被建。故选A。
22．D
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：电话响了五分钟才有人接。空处为从句谓语动词，主语it(指代telephone)和answer之间为被动关系，且动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。
23．A
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：在我的收藏完成之前，我还需要一张邮票。分析可知，设空处为从句谓语，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，主语 my collection和谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语为单数，谓语用第三人称单数，故选A。
24．B
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：他相信，这样的杰作值得读不止一遍。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查表示“……值得读”对应的固定搭配be worth reading，这里的reading是主动形式表示被动。故选B。
25．A
【详解】考查插入语和被动语态。句意：你认为什么时候女性第一次被允许参加奥运会？分析句子结构，do you suppose为插入语，置于特殊疑问词之后，插入语后句子应使用陈述语气，且women和allow之间为动宾关系，要使用被动语态。综上，故答案为A。
26．A
【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：——你今天为什么不骑自行车？——哦，它坏了。现在正在修理。It指代bicycle，与repair之间存在着逻辑上的“动宾关系”，应用被动语态，且时间状语为now，所以使用现在进行时的被动语态。故选A项。
27．C
【详解】考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：他的私人博物馆和他的艺术收藏品作为礼物赠送给了这个国家。together with连接两个并列的主语时，遵循就远原则，谓语动词的形式和较远的主语保持一致，本句和private museum保持一致，且主语和offer之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，故选C。
28．C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析和被动语态。句意：当太阳光线照射到地球时，很多热量被反射回太空。A. reached到达；B. added增加；C. reflected反射（声、光、热等）；D. responded回应。根据句意和科学常识可知，热量是被反射回太空的，“reflect”意为“反射（声、光、热等）”，动词词性，“heat”和“reflect”为被动关系，故句子应用一般现在时的被动语态，空格处应用“reflect”的过去分词“reflected”。故选C项。
29．C
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，为了达到可能的最高标准，已经尝试了各种可能的方法。主语every possible method与谓语try构成被动关系，结合上文So far可知为现在完成时的被动语态，主语为every possible method，助动词用has。故选C。
30．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：学院的一位教授建议设立一个基金来筹集资金。动词proposed作为“建议”之意，后面的宾语从句使用虚拟语气，谓语动词使用should +动词原形，should可以省略。 a fund与establish之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选C。
31．B
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：——我非常敬佩那些奔赴武汉抗击新型冠状病毒的医护人员。——他们被认作是危险中最美丽的英雄。结合句意可知，此处为陈述客观事实，句子应用一般现在时，主语They为复数，且与regard之间为被动关系，所以应用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B项。
32．B
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：——我们学校下周将举行运动会。你想参加哪项运动？——跳远和跳高。我擅长跳跃运动。由时间状语next week可知，事情发生在将来，所以设空处对应时态应为一般将来时。因为sports meet和谓语动词hold之间是被动关系，所以此处hold应用被动语态。故选B项。
33．B
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：飓风结束时有多少建筑物被摧毁？结合句中when the hurricane ended可知，本句为叙述过去的事情，房屋受损是发生在飓风结束之前，同时句子主语many buildings与动词destroy为动宾关系，因此此处要用过去完成时的被动语态。故选B。
34．B
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：在我们坐下后不久，一个服务员微笑着走到我们的桌子旁。根据句意和下文的came over可知，句子用一般过去时，seat为及物动词，意为“使某人坐下”，与坐的人是动宾关系，所以该句应用被动语态。sit为不及物动词，不接宾语，故C项错误，take place发生，根据句意，故选B。
35．B
【详解】考查非谓语动词以及状语从句中的省略。句意：所有的规定都适用于高三学生，除非另有说明。从句意和句子结构可知unless 引导的条件状语从句的主语与主句主语“regulations”一致，“regulations”与“state”（解释，说明）之间是被动关系且从句为一般现时，即“unless they are otherwise stated”。当从句主语与主句主语一致，且谓语动词为be动词时，主语和be动词可以省略。故选B。
36．B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：——你决定租这套公寓了吗？——是的。它的客厅有4米乘6米，很适合我。分析句子可知，“_______4m by 6m”作定语，修饰room，measure此处为不及物动词，表示“度量为”，无被动式，用现在分词形式作定语，故选B。
37．D
【详解】考查主谓一致以及语态。句意：他有一个小笔记本，上面写着他所学的生词和短语。分析句子可知，设空是介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中的主语the new words and phrases 与write是被动关系，主语为复数，故选were written。故选D。
38．D
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：这款新车的发行非常成功，在活动开始的一个小时内就收到了1000份订单。根据句意可知，用一般过去时，prove“被证明”是系动词，无被动式， 故A、B项错误，系动词后接形容词作表语，故C项错误，a success“成功的事情”，名词作表语，故选D项。
39．D
【详解】考查被动语态和动词短语辨析。句意：John Snow怀疑水应该是对这种疾病负责任，所以他出发去寻找证据。A. blamed, set out 责备，出发； B. to blame, set for 责备，为……设置； C. to blame, set up 责备，建立； D. to blame, set out 责备，出发。根据固定搭配be to blame（对……负责任），这里是主动表被动，以及后半句理解，他出发去寻找证据，只有D项符合题意。故选D项。
40．C
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：一旦被聘用，汤姆将被派到中国做市场调查。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且表示将来的动作，应用一般将来时的被动语态。故选C。
41．B
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：去年，不但他的学生,连那位著名的音乐家也应邀在花卉博览会的开幕式上表演。分析句子可知，as well as连接的并列名词作句子的主语时，谓语动词要和as well as前面的主语在人称和单复数上保持一致，因此invite要和The famous musician在人称和单复数上保持一致，The famous musician是单数形式。再根据句中的last year可知，时态为一般过去时，结合句意不但他的学生,连那位著名的音乐家是被邀请去表演的，所以invite应用一般过去时的被动态结构且用单数形式。故选B项。
42．B
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：——你为什么不买票？——当我们到达电影院时，所有的票都卖完了。主句主语all the tickets和主句谓语动词sell是被动关系，sell发生在从句谓语动词短语got to之前，过去的过去，sell用过去完成时的被动语态。故选B项。
43．D
【详解】考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意：——你知道，一个新的公园正在河边修建。——哇，将来我们就有一个放松的好地方了。A、C项是非谓语动词形式，不能在句中作谓语，故排除；主语park和动词build之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，排除B项；根据“Wow, we’ll have a good place to relax in the future.”可知，此处表示公园正在建设中，应用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D项。
44．D
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他因致10名行人死亡而被指控一级谋杀。A. accuse v. 指责，控告；B. occupy v. 居住 v. 占领；C. irritate vt. 刺激，使兴奋 vt. 使发怒；D. charge v. 指控，谴责。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查表示“控告”对应的动词，和with构成固定搭配，charge sb with sth “因某事指责/控告某人”的意思，被动结构是be charged with，“被控告”的意思。accuse sb of sth “因某事指责/控告某人”的意思。故选D。
45．C
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：别担心。您的包裹会一直保存到您回来，请在这里尽情购物。分析句子可知，空处缺少谓语，until引导时间状语从句，满足“主将从现”原则，keep与package构成动宾结构，空处用一般将来时的被动语态，用will be kept。故选C项。
46．B
【详解】考查动词时态、形容词和主动表被动。句意：我姐姐买了一种布。这种布摸起来很柔软。根据句意可知，表示布的性质摸起来软，用主动表示被动，性质为客观事实，用一般现在时。主语cloth为不可数名词，看作单数，动词用feels，系动词feels后用形容词soft作表语。故选B项。
47．D
【详解】考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：在过去的几年中，由于计算机能力的提高，环境科学取得了重要的进展。根据时间状语“In the past few years”可知应该用现在完成时，且主语important advances与动词make是被动关系，所以应该用现在完成时的被动语态。故选D项。
48．A
【详解】考查不定式。句意：这些椅子看起来不错，但它们坐起来非常不舒服。根据句子结构，此处考查be +adj+to do，形容词后的不定式作状语，句子的主语是其逻辑宾语，不定式用主动表被动，主语they可以执行这个sit on动作，故to sit on符合题意，故选A。
49．A
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：青少年必须年满18岁才能被允许开车。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语they 与allow之间为被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。
50．D
【详解】考查时态、语态。句意：蒸汽机是用来拉车厢的，有烟雾和噪音，对乘客来说一定是相当不舒服的。陈述过去的动作用一般过去时态；设空处为谓语动词，主语Steam engines 为复数，与动词use之间为动宾关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，且助动词为were。故选D项。短文改错
1．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I have taken part a voluntary organization recently. It is set up last year to provide left-behind children with birthday gifts. It is hardly for them to receive birthday gifts from their parents why their parents leave home to work in big cities. Besides, our volunteers will make a list of these children’s birthday wishes. After read the list, we try our best to get the gifts they really want. Some kids hope for the pair of new shoes or several books as his birthday gifts. I’d like to these kids to receive the very gifts they wish. We sincere hope each one will have a nice birthday.
2．改错
Believe it and not, 3D-printing has already affected many things in our lives, rightly down to the food we eat. For instance, more than one restaurant in London served 3D-printed hamburgers to customers to date. But perhaps the most significant success which people have achieved is in medicine where human’s body parts are made, including a beating heart. What impressive stuffs! And it is not just humans who benefit from — in Brazil, people have given the new 3D-printed shell to a turtle injured in a forest fire. I’d say it is no doubt that more technological approaches to advance our daily lives are being established.
3．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I used to thought that someone was born a winner. For example, my deskmate was so a person. While we took the same English class in the same classroom, she did better than rest of us, especially in spoken English. But as I paid more attentions to her, I found that she spent more time in her study. Every morning, she got up early than us and went to the playground to practise spoken English. Every evening, while most of us was chatting in the comfortably dormitory, she was listening to English news.
From her experience, I have been learnt that no one is born a winner. People make themselves winners through our own effort.
4．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线( \ )划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Everybody has a best friend, but they can share everything. I also have one calls Bob. He is a good student who helps me learn a lot. Frequent, he helps me with math. Besides, he’s friendly and reliably. I trust him completely and I share him secrets all the time. Being brave is also his good qualities. I remember once when a classmate laughs at me he came to his rescue. To my joy, he always remembers my birthday and has the good understanding of how to cheer me up when I’m down. Bob is really great and I am quite grateful for how he has done for me.
5．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^）并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Two years before, I joined the Youth Community. I knew it was my chances to make a big change. I took that opportunity and made full use it. The community encouraged me and was showed me what life was really about. It also teaches me basic life skills. I believe that one person who believes in you help to change your life. Work hard for the community complete turned my life around. Our confidence grew and I could deal with different types of people in different situations, who helped me become the kind of person I wanted to be.
6．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文章共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、剧除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(人)并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横钱，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
1.每处错误及其修改词均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从11 处起)不记分。
Last Friday, the evening fell, but my paremts hadn't come back home yet. I stopped doing my homework but decided to make a meal for my family instead of just wait. It was my first cooking. I went online to find information on how cook home-style dishes. With the step-by-step direction, I managed to make a dish. Then I tried to cook other. When my parents got home, they were amazed to see the taste dishes I made. Immediately my mum took pictures for them and my dad gave me a big hug. I real enjoyed a meal that evening.
7．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Our English club has held a various activities in the past two months, drawn much attention of the students and teachers.
Recently our club held an English speech contest, which theme was “Challenge Myself and Strengthen Self-confidence”. A large number of students take part in the contest to show their wonderful skills. A great many teacher crowded into the lecture hall to see they perform. At the stage, no matter pressure the speakers might face, they bravely challenged themselves to achieve great success.
They have impressed other students and teachers deep through such an activity with their unusual confidence and performance. What’s more, they have gained many, such as self-confidence, honor, and so on.
8．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Most children don’t get fat easily though they eat a lot, because they play a lot—they sing, dance and running around all day. They don’t have a moment of rest until they go to asleep. In this way the body will burn up as many energy as possible. But to those boys and girls who takes in much fat and sugar with the form of cakes, potato chips and so on but don’t take enough exercise, things are differently. They meet with serious weight problems. Some are too fat not to feel happy. Many have bad teeth. We can sometime see them on TV—who may gather together to discuss with others the question how to lose weight. The answer that they need a diet of healthy food which should be rich in fiber and low in sugar and fat.
9．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last weekend, our school organized a activity to welcome the foreign students from Zhongshan University. It last about 3 hours. We talked and laughed happy during the whole activity. Which impressed me most was that they all were good at speaking both English or Chinese. They also told us that it was necessary to master some social skills like how deal with different people and difficult things. I benefit a lot from the activity, which makes me understood that if we want to be much more suitable for the modern society, you should be excellent enough. I like this kind of activity because of it gives us a chance to communicate with foreigner, know their culture and enrich our experiences.
10．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Yesterday we were in a supermarket. It was Saturday, or most people were in casual clothes. A lady, who was in her late thirty, I thought, was wearing beautiful suit. My 10-year-old daughter Amy whispers: “Mum, I love that lady’s suit!” “Why not telling her about it ” I responded. Then I accompanied her to the lady.
“Excuse me. Madam. You look amazed today with this suit.” said Amy. The lady stopped for a minute and jumped with excite: “Oh thank you, you’ve made my day.”
Saying something nice can change the direction of someone’s day, what costs us nothing but means a lot of to them. Children don’t just automatic become kind adults — we need to teach and show them how.
参考答案
1．1.在part后加in
2.is→was
3. hardly→hard
4.why→because/as/since
5. Besides→Therefore/However
6.read→reading
7.the→a
8.his→their
9.删掉like后的to
10. sincere→sincerely
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者加入志愿者组织并对留守儿童所做的贡献。
【详解】1.考查介词。句意：我最近参加了一个志愿组织。take part in“参加，加入”，缺少介词in，故在part后加in。
2.考查动词的时态。句意：它是去年为留守儿童提供生日礼物而设立的。根据时间状语last year可知这里应用一般过去时。故把is改成was。
3.考查形容词。句意：对于他们来说很难收到父母的生日礼物，因为他们的父母离开家去大城市工作。根据句子成分分析，这里是it’s +adj. for sb. to do sth.句型，be动词之后要用形容词，故把hardly改成hard。
4.考查从属连词。句意：对于他们来说很难收到父母的生日礼物，因为他们的父母离开家去大城市工作。根据句意可知，留守儿童很难收到父母的礼物是因为他们的父母离开家在大城市工作，后文是前文的原因，故把why改成because/as/since。
5.考查副词。句意：但是/因此我们的志愿者会列出孩子们的生日愿望。根据前面一句说孩子们很难收到父母的礼物，后面说志愿者们会为他们准备礼物可知这里是转折，可用however，或者是由于留守儿童不能收到父母的礼物，因此志愿者们会为留守儿童准备礼物，故用therefore。故把Besides改成However/Therefore。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意：读完清单后，我们尽力让他们得到他们真正想要的礼物。介词after后面的动词要用动名词形式作宾语，故把read改为reading。
7.考查冠词。句意：一些孩子希望他们的生日礼物是一双新鞋或几本书。这里是说孩子们希望得到一双新鞋，是泛指，且pair的发音是辅音音素开头，故把the改为a。
8.考查代词。句意：一些孩子希望他们的生日礼物是一双新鞋或几本书。本句的主语是some kids，表示“他们的”应用their，故把his改成their。
9.考查固定搭配。句意：我希望这些孩子能收到他们想要的礼物。would like sb. to do sth.“想要某人做某事”，like后面不需要接to，故删掉like后的to。
10.考查副词。句意：我们真诚地希望每个人都有一个美好的生日。根据句子成分分析，修饰动词hope需要用副词形式，故把sincere改为sincerely。
2．1.and→or
2.rightly→right
3.在served前加has
4.which→that
5.human’s→human
6.stuffs→stuff
7.删掉from
8.the→a
9.it→there
10.advance→advancing
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是3d打印技术对于我们生活的影响。
【详解】1.考查连词。句意：信不信由你，3D打印已经影响了我们生活中的很多事情，包括我们吃的食物。表示“信不信由你”应用believe it or not，固定搭配。故将and改为or。
2.考查副词。句意：信不信由你，3D打印已经影响了我们生活中的很多事情，包括我们吃的食物。right down to意为“就连……也包括在内；甚至包括”，固定搭配。故将rightly改为right。
3.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：例如，到目前为止，伦敦不止一家餐厅已经向顾客提供3D打印的汉堡。短语to date意为“迄今为止”，固定搭配，应与现在完成时连用，more than one+可数名词单数，做主语，谓语动词用单数。故在served前加has。
4.考查定语从句。句意：但也许人们取得的最重要的成功是在医学上，人体器官被制造出来，包括跳动的心脏。定语从句修饰先行词success，关系代词作主语，当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时定语从句应用关系代词that引导，此处的先行词success之前有形容词最高级the most significant。故将which改为that。
5.考查名词。句意：但也许人们取得的最重要的成功是在医学上，人体器官被制造出来，包括跳动的心脏。结合句意此处表示“人体”应用human body，固定搭配。故将human’s改为human。
6.考查名词。句意：多么令人印象深刻的东西! stuff意为“东西；物品”，不可数名词。故将stuffs改为stuff。
7.考查动词。句意：受益的不仅仅是人类——在巴西，人们给一只在森林大火中受伤的乌龟提供了一个新的3D打印壳。结合句意此处的benefit为不及物动词，意为“受益”，from多余。故删掉from。
8.考查冠词。句意：受益的不仅仅是人类——在巴西，人们给一只在森林大火中受伤的乌龟提供了一个新的3D打印壳。 结合句意此处表示“一个新的3D打印壳”，首次提到，表示泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且new的发音是辅音音素开头，故将the改为a。
9.考查固定句型。句意：我想说，毫无疑问，我们正在发现更多的用来改善我们日常生活的技术手段。表示“毫无疑问”应用there is no doubt that…，固定句型。故将it 改为there。
10.考查非谓语动词。句意：我想说，毫无疑问，我们正在发现更多的用来改善我们日常生活的技术手段。an approach to doing意为“做某事的方法”，to为介词，其后接动名词作宾语。故将advance改为advancing。
3．1. thought→think
2. so→such
3. 在rest之前加the
4. attentions→attention
5. in→on
6. early→earlier
7. was→were
8. comfortably→comfortable
9. 删掉been
10. our→their
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是作者曾经以为有人生来就是赢家，但是同桌的在学习上的表现颠覆了作者曾经的错误认知，同时作者也认识到只有通过个人努力才能成为人生赢家的道理。
【详解】1.考查固定搭配。句意：我曾经以为有些人生来就是赢家。used to do sth.意为“过去曾经做某事”，固定搭配。故将thought改为think。
2.考查形容词。句意：例如，我的同桌就是这样一个人。结合句意此处表示“这样的；如此的”，应用形容词such，such a/an+名词单数。故将so改为such。
3.考查冠词。句意：虽然我们在同一个教室上同一节英语课，但她比我们其他人做得更好，尤其是在英语口语方面。结合句意此处表示“我们其他人”，应用the rest of us…，固定搭配。故在rest之前加the。
4.考查的数。句意：但随着我对她的关注越来越多，我发现她花在学习上的时间越来越多。pay attention to意为“注意；重视”，固定搭配，attention为不可数名词。故将attentions改为attention。
5.考查介词。句意：但随着我对她的关注越来越多，我发现她花在学习上的时间越来越多。spend time on sth.意为“花时间在某事上”，固定搭配。故将in改为on。
6.考查副词比较级。句意：每天早上，她比我们起得早，去操场练习英语口语。依据句中的than可知此处表示她起床比我们早，应用比较级。故将early改为earlier。
7.考查主谓一致。句意：每天晚上，当我们大多数人在舒适的宿舍里聊天时，她却在听英语新闻。句子主语为most of us，所以谓语动词应用复数形式。故将was改为were。
8.考查形容词。句意：每天晚上，当我们大多数人在舒适的宿舍里聊天时，她却在听英语新闻。结合句意此处修饰名词dormitory，应用形容词，作定语。故将comfortably改为comfortable。
9.考查动词时态。句意：从她的经历中，我了解到没有人是天生的赢家。结合句意主语I与learn之间为主动关系，been多余。故删掉been。
10.考查代词。句意：人们通过自己的努力使自己成为赢家。结合句意此处表示人们通过他们自己的努力成为人生的赢家，表示“他们自己的”应用their own。故将our改为their。
4．1. but→and
2. calls→ called
3. Frequent→Frequently
4. reliably→reliable
5. share 后加with
6. qualities→quality
7. laughs→laughed
8. his→my
9. the→a
10. how→what
【导语】本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己最好的朋友——鲍勃。他是一个好学生，他帮助作者学到了很多。作者很感激他为自己所做的一切。
【详解】1.考查连词。句意：每个人都有一个最好的朋友，并且他们可以分享一切。前后是并列关系，用连词and连接。故but改为and。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：我也有一个好朋友叫鲍勃。have是谓语动词，称作是非谓语动词，one和称作是被动关系，用过去分词，作定语。故calls改为called。
3.考查副词。句意：他经常帮助我学数学。副词修饰其后句子，作状语。故Frequent改为 Frequently。
4.考查形容词。句意：此外，他是友好和可靠的。be动词后用形容词，作表语。故reliably改为reliable。
5.考查介词。句意：我完全信任他，我一直和他分享秘密。“和……分享”用share with。故share后加with。
6.考查名词。句意：勇敢也是他的高贵品质。介绍一个品质，所以品质是用单数名词。故qualities改为quality。
7.考查动词时态。句意：我记得有一次一个同学嘲笑我，他来救我。once表示曾经，故when引导的句子陈述过去的事实，应用一般过去时。故laugh改为laughed。
8.考查代词。句意：我记得有一次一个同学嘲笑我，他来救我。come to one’s rescue“来救某人”，被嘲笑的人是“我”，所以鲍勃来救的人是我。故his改为my。
9.考查冠词。句意：让我高兴的是，他总是记得我的生日，并很好地理解如何在我沮丧的时候让我高兴起来。固定短语“很好地理解”是have a good understanding of。故the改为a。
10.考查连接词。句意：鲍勃真的很棒，我很感激他为我所做的一切。for后是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且指代事情，应用what引导宾语从句。故how改为what。
5．第一处：before→ago
第二处： chances→chance
第三处：use后加of
第四处：第一个was删除
第五处：teach→taught
第六处：help→helps
第七处：Work→Working
第八处：complete→completely
第九处：Our→My
第十处：who→which
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者两年前加入了青年社团，抓住机会改变了自己，成为自己想成为的人。
【详解】第一处：考查副词。句意：两年前，我加入了青年社团。本句意思是两年以前，根据句意和语境，故将before改成ago。
第二处：考查名词单复数。句意：我知道这是我做出重大改变的机会。根据this was，可知应用名词单数。故将chances改为chance。
第三处：考查固定短语。句意：抓住了这个机会并充分利用了它。短语make use of，意为“利用”，根据句意，故在use后加of 。
第四处：考查语态。句意：社区鼓励我，告诉我生活的真谛。第一个was删除，此处根据句意不用被动。故第一个was删除。
第五处：考查时态。句意：它也教我基本的生活技能。根据文章语境可知描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故将teach改成taught
第六处：考查主谓一致。句意：我相信相信你的人会改变你的生活。分析可知，one person who believes in you help to change your life的谓语是help，主语是one person，谓语应用第三人称单数。故将help改成helps
第七处：考查非谓语动词。句意：为社区努力工作彻底改变了我的生活。分析可知，Work hard for the community为句子的主语，应用动名词形式，故将Work改成Working。
第八处：考查副词。句意：同上。修饰动词turned，应用副词形式，故将complete改成completely。
第九处：考查代词。句意：我的自信心增强了，我可以在不同的情况下与不同类型的人打交道，这帮助我成为了我想成为的那种人。整篇文章都以第一人称来描写的，说的是作者自己，所以这里应用my，故将Our改成My。
第十处：考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析可知， helped me become the kind of person I wanted to be为非限制性定语从句，关系代词指代上文的内容，在从句中作主语，应用which。故将who改成which。
6．1. hadn't→didn’t
2. but→and
3. wait→waiting
4. 在how后加to
5. direction→directions
6. other→another
7. taste→tasty
8. for→of
9. real→really
10. a→the
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了上周五，夜幕降临，但我的父母还没有回家。我停止做作业，决定为我的家人做一顿饭。
【详解】1.考查动词时态。句意：上周五，夜幕降临，但我的父母还没有回家。根据Last Friday时间状语可知说的是过去的事情，所以要用一般过去时。故将hadn't改为didn’t。
2.考查连词。句意：我停止做作业，决定为我的家人做一顿饭，而不是只是等待。由句意可知，前后应该用and（并且）连接，符合句意要求。故将but改为and。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意：我停止做作业，决定为我的家人做一顿饭，而不是只是等待。介词of后接动名词或名词。故将wait改为waiting。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意：我上网寻找如何做家常菜的信息。此处要用疑问词how加不定式to cook home-style dishes作介词on的宾语。故在how后加to。
5.考查名词复数形式。句意：在一步步的指导下，我成功地做出了一道菜。根据句意可知，此处为“一步一步的方法说明”，所以要用复数形式。故将direction改为directions。
6.考查代词。句意：然后我又努力做了另一道菜。形容词other（其他的）不能单独作宾语，要用代词another“另一个”作宾语。符合句意。故将other改为another。
7.考查形容词。句意：当我的父母回到家，他们惊讶地看到我做的美味的菜。由dishes为名词可知，此处为形容词tasty形式该名词。故将taste改为tasty。
8.考查固定短语。句意：我妈妈立刻给他们拍照，我爸爸给了我一个大大的拥抱。take pictures of表示“给……拍照”为固定短语。故将for改为of。
9.考查副词。句意：那天晚上我吃得很开心。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词really修饰动词enjoyed。故将real改为really。
10.考查冠词。句意：那天晚上我吃得很开心。根据句意可知，此处应表示特指上文提到的meal，为特指概念。故将a改为the。
7．1. 去掉various前的a 2. drawn→drawing 3. which→whose 4. take→took
5. teacher→teachers 6. they→them 7.at改成on 8. matter后加what
9. deep→deeply 10. many→much
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是作者所在的英语俱乐部举办的一场英语演讲比赛。
【详解】1.考查冠词。句意：在过去的两个月里，我们的英语俱乐部举办了各种各样的活动，受到了学生和老师的关注。句中activities为可数名词复数，前面不需要定冠词a。故删除a。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。句中has held为谓语动词，draw应该使用非谓语动词，activities和draw之间是主动关系且表示伴随作状语。故将drawn改为drawing。
3.考查定语从句。句意：最近，我们俱乐部举行了一次英语演讲比赛，其主题是“挑战自我，增强自信”。逗号后为定语从句，从句的引导词和contest之间是所属关系，从句中缺少定语。故用whose。
4.考查动词。句意：大量的学生参加比赛，展示他们的精彩技能。文章表述的是过去发生的事实，故使用一般过去时。故将take改为took。
5.考查名词。句意：许多老师挤进报告厅看他们表演。句中teacher表示复数意义。故将teacher改为teachers。
6.考查代词。句意：同上。分析句子，应该使用代词宾格作宾语。故将they改为them。
7.考查代词。句意：在舞台上，无论演讲者面临多大的压力，他们都勇敢地挑战自己，取得了巨大的成功。句中表示“在舞台上”应该用on the stage。故将on改为at。
8.考查状语从句。句意：在舞台上，无论演讲者面临什么样的压力，他们都勇敢地挑战自己，取得了巨大的成功。分析句子，句中应该是no matter what引导让步状语从句，句中缺少让步状语从句引导词。根据句意，what意为“什么”，符合句意。故在matter后加what。
9.考查副词。句意：在这次活动中，他们不寻常的自信和表现给其他同学和老师留下了深刻的印象。分析句子，句中应该使用副词修饰动词have impressed作状语。故将deep改为deeply。
10.考查代词。句意：更重要的是，他们已经获得了很多，如自信，荣誉，等等。句中“获得很多”指代的是“自信，荣誉”等，意为不可数名词。故将many改为much。
8．1. running→run
2. asleep→sleep
3. many→much
4. take→takes
5. with→in
6. differently→different
7. 删除not
8. sometime→sometimes
9. how 前加 of 或about
10. that 前加is
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章解释了为什么有的孩子吃很多却不会发胖，而有的孩子就会有肥胖、坏牙等问题，以及相应的解决办法。
【详解】1.考查动词。句意：大多数孩子虽然吃得很多，但不容易发胖，因为他们经常玩耍——他们唱歌，跳舞，整天到处跑。 根据句中的and可知，动词run和前面的sing和dance是并列谓语，所以run也应该是作谓语。故将running改为run。
2.考查动词。句意：他们在睡觉之前没有片刻的休息。 根据句意和句中的go to可知，该题是考查固定搭配go to sleep（入睡）。故将asleep改为sleep。
3.考查形容词。句意：通过这种方式，身体将消耗尽可能多的能量。 修饰不可数名词energy应该用much，不能用many。故将many改为much。
4.考查主谓一致。句意：但对于那些通过蛋糕、薯片等摄入大量脂肪和糖，但没有进行足够锻炼的男孩和女孩来说，情况就不同了。定语从句中的谓语动词应该和先行词保持数的一致，所以定语从句中的谓语动词take应该和前面的boys and girls保持数的一致。故将takes改为take。
5.考查介词。句意：但对于那些通过蛋糕、薯片等摄入大量脂肪和糖，但没有进行足够锻炼的男孩和女孩来说，情况就不同了。根据句意和句中的the form of可知，该题是考查固定搭配in the form of（以……的形式）。故将with改为in。
6.考查形容词。句意：但对于那些通过蛋糕、薯片等摄入大量脂肪和糖，但没有进行足够锻炼的男孩和女孩来说，情况就不同了。be动词are后面应该用形容词作表语，不应该用副词。故将differently改为different。
7.考查固定搭配。句意：有些人太胖了，感觉不到快乐。在“too...to...(太……以致不能……)”结构中，后面的不定式to本身就表示否定意义，所以前面不能再加not。故将not删除。
8.考查副词。句意：我们有时可以在电视上看到他们，他们可能会聚集在一起讨论如何减肥的问题。 根据句意可知，该题是考查sometime和sometimes两个副词的区别。sometime指过去或将来的某个时候，而sometimes指的是“有时候”。根据句意，该句子中应该用sometimes。故将sometime改为sometimes。
9.考查介词。句意：我们有时可以在电视上看到他们，他们可能会聚集在一起讨论如何减肥的问题。分析句子可知，how to lose weight是作定语修饰前面的名词question，但是对名词question进行限定时，question后面应该加介词of或about。故在how前加of或about。
10.考查表语从句。句意：答案是他们需要健康的饮食，应该是富含纤维和低糖低脂肪的食物。分析句子可知，连词that后面应该是一个表语从句，前面的the answer是主语，但该句子缺少系动词，根据主语the answer可知，系动词应该用is。故在that 前加is。
9．1. a →an
2. last →lasted
3. happy →happily
4. Which →What
5. or →and
6. how后加to
7. understood →understand
8. you →we
9. 去掉of
10. foreigner →foreigners
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参加学校组织欢迎来自中山大学的外国学生的活动及感受。
【详解】1.考查冠词。句意：上周末，我们学校组织了一次活动来欢迎来自中山大学的外国学生。名词activity发音为元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故将a改为an。
2.考查时态。句意：活动持续大约3个小时。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故将last改为lasted。
3.考查副词。句意：整个活动过程中我们有说有笑。修饰动词，用副词形式。故将happy改为happily。
4.考查名词性从句。句意：给我印象最深的是他们都擅长说英语和汉语。分析句子结构可知，本句为主语从句。从句缺少主语，且指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故将Which改为What。
5.考查连词。句意：给我印象最深的是他们都擅长说英语和汉语。both…and…既……又……；两个都。故将 or改为and。
6.考查固定结构。句意：他们还告诉我们，掌握一些社交技能是必要的，比如如何处理不同的人和困难的事情。“疑问词+to do”在句中作宾语。故在how后加to。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意：这次活动让我受益匪浅，它让我明白了如果我们想要更适合现代社会，我们应该足够优秀。make sb. do sth.让某人做某事。故将understood改为understand。
8.考查代词。句意：这次活动让我受益匪浅，它让我明白了如果我们想要更适合现代社会，我们应该足够优秀。根据从句if we want to be much more suitable for the modern society及句意可知，前后逻辑主语应保持一致。故将you改为we。
9.考查连词。句意：我喜欢这种活动，因为它给了我们一个机会与外国人交流，了解他们的文化，丰富我们的经验。because of为介词短语，后接名词。连词because后接从句，介词of多余。故去掉of。
10.考查名词的数。句意：我喜欢这种活动，因为它给了我们一个机会与外国人交流，了解他们的文化，丰富我们的经验。名词foreigner为可数名词，前无不定冠词，所以用复数形式。故将foreigner改为foreigners。
10．1. or→ and或or→ so 2. thirty→ thirties 3. 在beautiful前加a 4. whispers→ whispered 5. telling→ tell 6. amazed→ amazing 7. excite→ excitement 8. what→ which 9. 删除lot后面的of 10. automatic→ automatically
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述的是一个母亲鼓励她的女儿把对一位女士的赞美说出来给那位女士听，从而教育孩子要真诚地赞美他人，让他人开心。
【详解】1. 考查连词。句意：那天是星期六，大部分人穿着比较随意。结合语意，“It was Saturday”和“most people were in casual clothes”之间可以是顺承关系或因果关系，所以两者之间应用连词and或so连接。故将or改为and或改为so。
2. 考查数词。句意：有位女士，我觉得她大概将近四十岁，穿着一身好看的衣服。“in one’s+整数基数词的复数形式”表示“在某人几十多岁时”。所以此处应为in her late thirties，表示“年近四十岁”。故将thirty改为thirties。
3. 考查冠词。句意：有位女士，我觉得她大概将近四十岁，穿着一身好看的衣服。suit是可数名词，此处是泛指一套好看的衣服，且beautiful的发音以辅音音素开头，所以应用冠词a修饰suit。故在beautiful前加a。
4. 考查动词时态。句意：我那10岁的女儿艾米小声说道：“妈妈，我喜欢那位女士的衣服！”结合语意，艾米小声说话的行为发生在过去，所以此处应为一般过去时。whisper的过去式为whispered。故将whispers改为whispered。
5. 考查动词原形。句意：“为什么不告诉她呢？”我回答道。why not后面接动词原形。故将telling改为tell。
6. 考查形容词。句意：“打扰一下，女士。您今天穿这身衣服太好看了。”艾米说。amazed表示“（某人）感到惊奇的”；amazing表示“令人惊奇的”。结合语意，此处是指那位女士穿着好看，令人惊叹。故将amazed改为amazing。
7. 考查名词。句意：女士顿了顿，兴奋地跳了起来：“哦，谢谢你，你让我很开心。”with是介词，后面接名词excitement作宾语。故将excite改为excitement。
8. 考查定语从句。句意：跟别人说些好话可以改变一个人一天的方向，这对我们来说不算什么，但对他们来说意义重大。该句是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Saying something nice，则此处引导词应用which，充当从句主语。故将what改为which。
9. 考查固定短语。句意：跟别人说些好话可以改变一个人一天的方向，这对我们来说不算什么，但对他们来说意义重大。a lot of意为“许多的”，通常作定语，修饰名词；a lot意为“许多”，通常作状语，修饰动词。此处应用a lot，修饰动词means。故删除lot后面的of。
10. 考查副词。句意：孩子们长大后不会自动成为善良的人——我们需要教他们，向他们展示何为善意。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词automatically，作状语，修饰动词become。故将automatic改为automatically。概要写作
1．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary. We know the risk of dementia (痴呆) increases with age. But if you have memory slips, you probably needn’t worry.
There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss.
After 50, it’s quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people, places and things quickly.
The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts shrink, especially areas in the brain that are important to learning, memory and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow.
Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing to worry about. But if you forget the plot of the movie or don’t remember even seeing it, that’s far more concerning.
When you forget entire experiences, it’s a red flag that something more serious may be involved. Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you’ve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong.
But even then, people shouldn’t panic. There are many things that can cause confusion and memory loss, including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep, high blood pressure, or depression, as well as medications (药物) like antidepressants. Defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain’s cognitive (认知的) reserve.
Read books, go to movies, take up new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways. In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active, because exercise is a known brain booster.
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2．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Nowadays, leaders the world over are busy mapping out blueprints for a new age with environmental protection high on their agenda. Sustainable development hits headlines almost every day. It is of utmost importance to restore the harmonious balance between man and nature, given the damage we’ve already done to it.
First of all, we must realize that man and nature are interactive. To begin with, we derive everything from nature. Among other things, I’m sure you’ve all tasted natural produce that is otherwise known as green food. And you must have noticed that nearly all beautifying products boast of being natural creams, natural lotions or natural gels. For man, nature has an irresistible appeal.
But on the other hand we must also realize that nature can be unruly. Nature is indeed like a riddle, some areas of which are beyond the reach of science and technology, at least in the foreseeable future. Nevertheless, the advancement of science and technology will still characterize the next millennium. The coming new age will provide many opportunities, but it will be likewise run of challenges. For instance, United Nations’ demographers predict that global population could soar from its current 5.9 billion to as many as 11.2 billion by 2050. This will worsen the current scarcity of natural resources caused by environmental degradation. More conflicts over this scarcity may occur with the ghost of nuclear wars always hiding in the background. To prevent this nightmare from coming true, governments need to work closely with each other and back up their verbal commitment by actions. However, it is not enough only to ask what governments can do to achieve the harmony between man and nature. We must ask ourselves what we as individuals can do.
Can we all be economical with food, water, electricity or other resources Can we, or rather, some greedy ones among us, stop making rare plants and animals into delicious dishes Can we stop using the unrecyclable style of lunch boxes If not, one day they may bury us in an ocean of white rubbish. After all, the earth is not a dustbin; it’s our common home.
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3．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Stressful situations are sometimes unavoidable. Each of us perceives challenges in our own way and reaction to them also varies. How stressful our life is depends not only on us. Other people influence it as well. And this is something we cannot change.
What if we do not try to change others, but rather try and change our attitude to stress and tension that we often experience at work
Stretching releases muscle tension that accumulates in your back, shoulders, and neck during the day. Even when your day is extremely busy, do your best and set aside at least 5-10 minutes to do some exercise. There are plenty of exercises you can practise that do not require any special equipment: yoga, or simple squats — you can pick any kind of workout to your liking. Physical activity will boost your energy level and help you calm down. Working out is beneficial for both your body and mind.
Herbs work miracles. Some of them, such as chamomile and peppermint, are a powerful tool helping to fight stress and anxiety. NASA scientists have recently carried out research into the effect of herbs and found out that peppermint scent decreases tiredness by 20% and reduces frustration by 25%, Make a smarter choice and, while at work, drink herbal tea instead of coffee.
Once you find yourself in a different surroundings you will feel much better. If your office is situated in a busy city center, then you can spend your lunch break m a sidewalk cafe. Order your favorite drink and distract yourself by watching people go by. If your office is located in an environmentally clean place, for example, near a city park. You can then refresh yourself and relax a bit before you dive back into your working routine.
Call someone who you know can understand and support you when you feel stressed. A study shows that communication with close people, such as your friends or parents, produces oxytocin in your body — the hormone that is needed to successfully fight tension and stress.
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4．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage. Use your own words as far as possible.
Fishy Weather
Have you ever heard someone say, “It’s raining cats and dogs” It’s a figure of speech—no one has ever seen it truly rain cats and dogs. However, weird weather does happen. Fish, frogs, and even spiders have fallen from the sky during storms!
Some places get a lot of weird weather. Yoro, a city in Honduras, is one such place. There, animals fall from the sky so often that kids learn about it in school. However, most people don’t believe it until they see it. When Miguel Espinoza moved to Yoro, he thought the stories were just legends. Then one afternoon, he saw a dark cloud in the sky. “I felt something hit my hat, and I saw a shiny flutter,” he said. “It was a fish!” Hundreds of silver fish fell like wriggling raindrops.
Scientists can explain the raining fish. Storms with strong winds, such as waterspouts and tornadoes, can suck up water as they pass over rivers, lakes, or oceans. The winds will also suck up whatever is swimming in that water! These storms can then carry the animals for many miles. When the winds start to die down, they drop the water and animals.
Fish are the most common animals carried by storms, but they aren’t the only ones. In 2005, thousands of tiny frogs rained down on a city in Serbia. Amazingly, frogs were still alive after they fell to the ground. And in 2007, a man named Christian Gaona was visiting northern Argentina when he experienced a very creepy rain. Dozens of spiders fell from the sky! Christian snapped some pictures of the raining spiders. Otherwise, his friends might never have believed his unusual story.
Overall, animal rainstorms aren’t very common. In most years, fewer than ten animal storms are reported around the world. So don’t worry about fish bouncing off your umbrella. If they do, you’ll have your own story about very weird weather.
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5．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Major trends that may affect education systems
The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), which promotes policies that will improve the economic and social well-being of people around the world, has been looking at the future of global education. Its head of education, Andreas Schleicher, has been talking about some major international trends affecting education systems around the world.
One trend is the widening gap between rich and poor. In OECD countries, the richest 10% have incomes 10 times greater than the poorest 10%. This inequality is a challenge for schools who want to offer equal and fair access to education for everyone.
Another trend is the rising wealth in Asia. It’s suggested that a large rise in the middle-classes in countries like India will increase demand for university places. Andreas Schleicher asks the question “What values will these newly wealthy consumers want from their schools ”
Increasing migration will also have an impact on education systems. Mobility results in more culturally diverse students eager to learn and develop good life for themselves. But that can be challenge, too, as Andreas Schleicher asks: “How should schools support pupils arriving from around the world Will schools have a bigger role in teaching about shared values ”
Funding pressure is another issue: as our demand and expectation for education rises and more people go to university, who’s going to pay for it all The rise in dependency on technology is another concern. What should students learn when many of their talents can be reproduced by machines And how reliant should we be on learning from the internet
These are just some of the issues the OECD is highlighting. But they remain irrelevant for hundreds of millions of the world’s poorest children who don’t even have access to school places or receive such low-quality education that they leave without the most basic literacy or numeracy.
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6．Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
The World Should Welcome the Rise of the Robots
The word “robot” was coined in 1020 by the Czech playwright Karel Capek, who imagined artificial, fully functional servants. For most of their history, however, robots have been dumb, inelegant mechanical devices sitting out of sight in factories.
Things are starting to change, however. Robots have benefited from rapid innovations in smartphones, which brought cheap cameras and sensors, fast wireless communications and powerful, smaller computer chips. More recent advances in machine learning have added software to make robots better informed about their surroundings and equipped them to make wiser decisions. Robots are leaving carefully managed industrial settings for everyday life. In a pandemic-ravaged world, short of workers but with lots of elderly folk to look after, having more robots to boost productivity would be a good thing.
And yet many people fear that robots will destroy jobs. A paper in 2013 by economists at Oxford University was widely misinterpreted as meaning that 47% of American jobs were at risk of being automated. In fact, concerns about mass unemployment are overblown. The evidence suggests robots will be disruptive but ultimately beneficial for labour markets. Japan and South Korea have the highest robot penetration but very strong work-forces. A Yale University study that looked at Japanese manufacturing between 1978 and 2017 found that an increase of one robot unit per 1,000 workers boosted a company’s employment by 2.2%. Research from the Bank of Korea found that robotization moved jobs away from manufacturing into other sectors, but that there was no decrease in overall vacancies.
Inevitably, some people will be on the losing end of change even as the robots make society as a whole better off. It may trigger a political backlash, because the losers feel left behind. That is one more reason why firms and governments would do well to recognize the value of retraining and lifelong learning. As jobs change, workers should be helped to acquire new skills.
The potential gains from the robot revolution are huge. There is no reason to think the robots will revolt against their human masters and cause mass unemployment and worse.
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7．Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
What do We Know About “Mathephobia”
Mathematician Mary de Lellis Gough, who often observed her struggling students fail to work out mathematical problems, coined the term ‘mathephobia’ in 1953. She described it as “a disease that proves fatal before its presence is detected”. Other experts have defined it as “the panic, helplessness and mental disorganization that arises among some people when they are required to solve a mathematical problem” and “a general fear of contact with mathematics”.
Sian Beilock, a cognitive scientist and her colleagues of Barnard College in New York have shown that math anxiety can start as soon as we enter formal schooling. “Math is one of the first places in school in western cultures where we really learn about whether we got something right or wrong, and are exposed to being evaluated in timed tests.”
Girls may be more prone to it than boys. Primary school teachers often have high levels of math anxiety, says Beilock, and in the US and elsewhere, they are mostly female. Since young children tend to identify with adults of the same gender, this means girls are more likely to pick up math anxiety from their female teachers. Having a female teacher with math anxiety makes girls more likely to believe gendered stereotypes about math, leading to poorer achievement.
“Once you have it, it can be self-lasting. Worrying about it can make it worse.” says Beilock, whose study of children between the ages of five and eight suggests math anxiety might weaken performance by burdening working memory. “As our ability to focus limited, our attention gets divided when we do more than one task at a time.” she says. “If you’re worried about having to do math, you may have an internal monologue saying you can’t do this and at the same time you’re trying to calculate numbers.”
When people have math anxiety, they tend to avoid the subject, as researchers from 2019 show. But since math builds on itself, avoiding it makes it harder to catch up. “Math is foundational. If you miss a certain idea, it’s harder to learn the next one.” says Darcy Hallett. “And then you can fall behind, which might make math more of a targeted anxiety compared to other topics.”
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8．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Global Cooperation
In the 21st century, we’ve seen a new trend that is pushing the boundaries of human invention and innovation—global cooperation. Scientific and technical research and development is now so complicated that no one scientist can know it all. So, increasingly, innovation is coming from the combining of cutting-edge expertise (专业知识) from different scientific fields.
There are now over 8, 000 scientific journals worldwide and it is impossible to be an expert in all areas. Therefore, in this highly specialized world, scientists, medics and engineers have to cooperate in order to innovate. Professor Bob Langer at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) has made significant breakthroughs in the field of biomedical engineering. But he hasn’t done it on his own. He has invited experts from around the world in different fields to form a global team to design new substances which can go inside the body, deliver medicines and then dissolve. Also at MIT, when Cesar Harada heard about the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010, he quit his dream job there and tried to develop a more efficient way to remove the oil. But rather than focusing on profit, he decided to ‘open-source’ the design. He shared his own ideas on the web for free and then got experts from all around the world to contribute ideas and even donations. Thanks to this free, not-for-profit way of sharing ideas and intellectual property on the internet, a boat capable of cleaning oil quickly came into being. Obviously, international cooperation based on sharing information freely has produced innovative approaches to solving problems.
It appears that the days of brilliant individuals working in their garages on their own are over. Global teams with a united purpose building on everyone’s expertise can collectively do far more than one brilliant individual. Today’s world calls for global cooperators, sharers, and not protectors of ideas.
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9．Directions：Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
To adjust you baby to the external world, educating him is your main assignment. How will you educate him What role will he play in the world
According to Darwin’s theory of the evolution of the species, we are a competitive species and one survives by adapting itself biologically to various environments through various petition was useful for the progress of society and for the survival of human beings.
Today, however, the challenges are different. There are environmental imbalance, deaths of thousands of children every day by starvation and countless diseases. Therefore, it is urgent that the philosophy of preparing our children for competition and power be replaced by one of preparing them for love and cooperation.
The earth is a unique home to us all. We must educate our children so that they want to preserve nature and it can in return make them more powerful and capable in society. Our children have to learn that we don’t need to practice actions that benefit only our homeland while all other countries are destroyed. The destruction of other countries and lives leads to the impossibility of the future existence of our home. We must teach our children that the main necessity of men and children is love. Love is good to ourselves, others and nature.
But it is getting harder to love. We are not capable of demonstrating hate to a flower, grabbing it and throwing it at the floor and stepping on it. It sounds insane! But we are insensitive to the extent of seeing a homeless person on the ground and pretending it’s not our problem! Our strong idea of competition has led us to total insensibility!
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10．Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
The Changing Spring Festival
The Spring Festival, as it is celebrated today, has undergone many changes, the country’s economic development and globalization.
No Spring Festival is complete without food. People could not get good food with desired in earlier times, something that does not apply to society today. The best time celebrate was when food was available in plenty, and that was possible in spring, or the beginning of the Lunar New Year. That was the main reason why the Spring Festival acquired such great importance among Chinese people. But three decades of economic growth has ensured that people in China can enjoy a good meal whenever they want. People seem not to long for delicious food like before during the Spring Festival due to the change in people’s fortune.
In the past, celebrations were limited to events like song-and-dance duets(二人转)in North China, dragon and lion dances in South China and fireworks. And economic development and urbanization seems to have ensured various forms of entertainment and communication. People can watch the Spring Festival Gala on TV or even on the cellphone.
Many customs associated with the Spring Festival have changed, too. In the past, people used to visit relatives and friends with gifts and lots of good wishes. Today, many people, especially the youth, use their cell phones or the Internet to send their good wishes and even “gifts” to their relatives and friends. Some may say this is a sign that people have become less caring about their near and dear ones, but we can see this development as a time-and energy-saving exercise granted by the information age.
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参考答案
1．A possible version:
People aged 50 and over tend to develop memory problems, because changes in brain cells have affected brain’s communication within, and that the narrowing of vessels reduces the blood flow. However, signs of memory loss do not necessarily lead to the condition itself. Anyway, trying to think creatively and getting physically active help to keep your brain healthy effectively.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了50岁及以上的人容易出现记忆力问题，因为脑细胞的变化影响了大脑内部的交流，血管的狭窄减少了血流。然而，记忆丧失的迹象并不一定会导致这种情况本身。无论如何，试着创造性地思考和积极锻炼有助于有效地保持大脑健康。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①After 50, it’s quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people, places and things quickly.
②Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow.
③There are many things that can cause confusion and memory loss, including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep, high blood pressure, or depression, as well as medications (药物) like antidepressants.
④Read books, go to movies, take up new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways.
⑤And also get physically active, because exercise is a known brain booster.
2.缜密构思
将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将第3个要点进行释义，将第4、5两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
People aged 50 and over tend to develop memory problems, because changes in brain cells have affected brain’s communication within, and that the narrowing of vessels reduces the blood flow.
However, signs of memory loss do not necessarily lead to the condition itself.
Anyway, trying to think creatively and getting physically active help to keep your brain healthy effectively.
【点睛】[高分句型1] People aged 50 and over tend to develop memory problems, because changes in brain cells have affected brain’s communication within, and that the narrowing of vessels reduces the blood flow. (运用了because引导的原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] Anyway, trying to think creatively and getting physically active help to keep your brain healthy effectively .(运用了动名词短语作主语)
2．A possible version
To achieve harmony between man and nature, people must be aware that although they are interactive, nature is not always at man’s mercy. Science and technology will be advancing, but population explosion will result in worsening environment. To maintain sustainable development, both governments and individuals should fulfill their promise of protecting the earth—our common home.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，要实现人与自然的和谐，人们必须认识到，虽然人与自然是相互作用的，但自然并不总是听命于人。科学技术将会进步，但人口爆炸将导致环境恶化。为了保持可持续发展，政府和个人都应该履行他们的承诺，保护地球——我们共同的家园。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①It is of utmost importance to restore the harmonious balance between man and nature, given the damage we’ve already done to it. First of all, we must realize that man and nature are interactive. For man, nature has an irresistible appeal.
②Nevertheless, the advancement of science and technology will still characterize the next millennium. For instance, United Nations’ demographers predict that global population could soar from its current 5.9 billion to as many as 11.2 billion by 2050.
③However, it is not enough only to ask what governments can do to achieve the harmony between man and nature. We must ask ourselves what we as individuals can do. After all, the earth is not a dustbin; it’s our common home.
2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3三个要点进行分说。
3.遣词造句
To achieve harmony between man and nature, people must be aware that although they are interactive, nature is not always at man’s mercy.
Science and technology will be advancing, but population explosion will result in worsening environment.
To maintain sustainable development, both governments and individuals should fulfill their promise of protecting the earth—our common home.
【点睛】[高分句型1 ]To achieve harmony between man and nature, people must be aware that although they are interactive, nature is not always at man’s mercy.运用although引导让步状语从句，对原文第一段和第二段进行了概括。
[高分句型2] To maintain sustainable development, both governments and individuals should fulfill their promise of protecting the earth—our common home.用不定式作引导目的状语从句对最后两段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
3．A possible version:
Four ways to cope with stress are offered in the passage. First, workout, which releases muscle tension, builds up one’s energy and helps one calm down. Second, drink herbal tea, which fights effectively against stress and anxiety. Third, relax in new clean surroundings, where one feels better. Fourth, chatting with close people makes one less stressed.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章中提供了四种应对压力的方法。首先，锻炼，可以缓解肌肉紧张，建立一个人的能量，帮助一个人冷静下来。第二，喝花草茶，它能有效地对抗压力和焦虑。第三，在新的干净的环境中放松，让人感觉更好。第四，和亲近的人聊天可以减少压力。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①What if we do not try to change others, but rather try and change our attitude to stress and tension that we often experience at work
②Physical activity will boost your energy level and help you calm down. Working out is beneficial for both your body and mind.
③Herbs work miracles. Some of them, such as chamomile and peppermint, are a powerful tool helping to fight stress and anxiety.
④If your office is located in an environmentally clean place, for example, near a city park. You can then refresh yourself and relax a bit before you dive back into your working routine.
⑤A study shows that communication with close people, such as your friends or parents, produces oxytocin in your body — the hormone that is needed to successfully fight tension and stress.
2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3、4、5四个要点进行分说。
3.遣词造句
Four ways to cope with stress are offered in the passage.
First, workout, which releases muscle tension, builds up one’s energy and helps one calm down.
Second, drink herbal tea, which fights effectively against stress and anxiety.
Third, relax in new clean surroundings, where one feels better.
Fourth, chatting with close people makes one less stressed.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Four ways to cope with stress are offered in the passage.运用不定式作后置定语对原文第二段进行了概括。
[高分句型2] Second, drink herbal tea, which fights effectively against stress and anxiety.用which引导非限制性定语从句对第四段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
4．One possible version:
Animals sometimes fall from the sky. In Yoro, Honduras, it has rained silver fish many times. Scientists claim waterspouts and tornadoes can pick up animals from water, which are carried for miles by the storm. When the storms stop, the animals fall. The same thing also happened to other animals in other areas, but it’s still not that common.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，动物有时会从天上掉下来。在洪都拉斯的约罗，下过很多次银鱼雨。科学家称，龙卷风和水龙卷走了水中的动物，并被风暴带到了数英里之外。当风暴停止时，动物们就会倒下。同样的事情也发生在其他地区的其他动物身上，但仍然不常见。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①Fish, frogs, and even spiders have fallen from the sky during storms!
②Yoro, a city in Honduras, is one such place. Hundreds of silver fish fell like wriggling raindrops.
③Storms with strong winds, such as waterspouts and tornadoes, can suck up water as they pass over rivers, lakes, or oceans. The winds will also suck up whatever is swimming in that water! These storms can then carry the animals for many miles. When the winds start to die down, they drop the water and animals.
④Overall, animal rainstorms aren’t very common. In most years, fewer than ten animal storms are reported around the world.
2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3、4三个要点进行分说。
3.遣词造句
Animals sometimes fall from the sky.
In Yoro, Honduras, it has rained silver fish many times.
Scientists claim waterspouts and tornadoes can pick up animals from water, which are carried for miles by the storm. When the storms stop, the animals fall.
The same thing also happened to other animals in other areas, but it’s still not that common.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Scientists claim waterspouts and tornadoes can pick up animals from water, which are carried for miles by the storm.运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
[高分句型2] The same thing also happened to other animals in other areas, but it’s still not that common.用一个并列句对原文最后两段内容进行概括。
5． Andreas Schleicher, OECD’S head of education, talks about some of the trends that are affecting education systems. These trends include the broadening gap between rich and poor, the increasing wealth in Asia, more and more migration, funding and increasing dependency on technology. However, for world’s poorest children, the main problem is their access to school.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了影响教育系统的一些趋势，这些趋势包括贫富差距的扩大、亚洲财富的增加、越来越多的移民及教育系统对资金和对技术的依赖等。对于贫穷的儿童来说，他们很难拥有上学的机会。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), which promotes policies that will improve the economic and social well-being of people around the world, has been looking at the future of global education.
②Its head of education, Andreas Schleicher, has been talking about some major international trends affecting education systems around the world.
③One trend is the widening gap between rich and poor.
④Another trend is the rising wealth in Asia.
⑤Increasing migration will also have an impact on education systems.
⑥The rise in dependency on technology is another concern.
⑦But they remain irrelevant for hundreds of millions of the world’s poorest children who don’t even have access to school places or receive such low-quality education that they leave without the most basic literacy or numeracy.
2.缜密构思
将第①和②两个要点进行整合；将第③、④、⑤和⑥四个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
①Firstly, the widening gap between rich and poor affects education systems around the world.
②Secondly, increasing migration is another concern.
③Last but not least, the rise in dependency will have an impact on education systems.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Andreas Schleicher, OECD’S head of education, talks about some of the trends that are affecting education systems. 运用了that引导的限制性定语从句对原文第一段行了概括。
[高分句型2] These trends include the broadening gap between rich and poor, the increasing wealth in Asia, more and more migration, funding and increasing dependency on technology. 运用了现在分词作定语对原文第二段到第五段行了概括。
6．With the progress of science and technology, robots are growing rapidly under the background of the widespread application of smart phones. However, some people think robots will destroy jobs. In contrast, the potential benefits of robots in the future development, such as improved learning skills, are huge and should not be seen as a reason for mass unemployment.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，随着科技进步，机器人在智能手机广泛应用的背景下迅速成长。然而，有些人认为机器人会毁掉工作。相反，机器人在未来的发展中，其潜在的收益是巨大的，如提升学习技能，而不应该视其为造成大规模失业的理由。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①Things are starting to change, however. Robots have benefited from rapid innovations in smartphones. Robots are leaving carefully managed industrial settings for everyday life.
②And yet many people fear that robots will destroy jobs.
③Inevitably, some people will be on the losing end of change even as the robots make society as a whole better off. As jobs change, workers should be helped to acquire new skills.
④There is no reason to think the robots will revolt against their human masters and cause mass unemployment and worse.
2.缜密构思
将第1、4两个要点进行重组，将第2、3两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
During the pandemic, robots have reached out to more elderly people.
Having more robots increases productivity, which is a good thing.
Using robots can teach governments and businesses the value of retraining and lifelong learning.
In conclusion, we should not attribute mass unemployment or some other worse situation to robots.
【点睛】[高分句型1] With the progress of science and technology, robots are growing rapidly under the background of the widespread application of smart phones. 运用with的复合结构交代了机器人使人类受益的背景，对第二段内容进行总结，写法高级。
[高分句型2]In conctrast, the potential benefits of robots in the future development, such as improved learning skills, are huge and should not be seen as a reason for mass unemployment.运用了情态动词的被动语态，以及介词短语作状语对最后三段的部分内容进行概括，用法比较高级。
7．Mathephobia is defined as a general fear of solving maths problems, which usually starts at school and is revealed through tests. Girls develop mathephobia more easily under the influence of math- anxious female teachers. Children suffer poor performance in math when burdened with worry over it. Furthermore, attempt to evade the problem may worsen the situation.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，数学恐惧症被定义为对解决数学问题的普遍恐惧。它通常从学校开始，通过测试被发现。在对数学焦虑的女教师的影响下，女生更容易产生数学恐惧症。孩子们在数学上的表现很差，因为他们对数学感到忧虑。此外，试图逃避问题可能会使情况恶化。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①Other experts have defined it as “the panic, helplessness and mental disorganization that arises among some people when they are required to solve a mathematical problem” and “a general fear of contact with mathematics”.
②Sian Beilock, a cognitive scientist and her colleagues of Barnard College in New York have shown that math anxiety can start as soon as we enter formal schooling. “Math is one of the first places in school in western cultures where we really learn about whether we got something right or wrong, and are exposed to being evaluated in timed tests.”
③Girls may be more prone to it than boys. Primary school teachers often have high levels of math anxiety, says Beilock, and in the US and elsewhere, they are mostly female. Since young children tend to identify with adults of the same gender, this means girls are more likely to pick up math anxiety from their female teachers.
④“Once you have it, it can be self-lasting. Worrying about it can make it worse.” says Beilock, whose study of children between the ages of five and eight suggests math anxiety might weaken performance by burdening working memory.
⑤When people have math anxiety, they tend to avoid the subject, as researchers from 2019 show. But since math builds on itself, avoiding it makes it harder to catch up.
2.缜密构思
将第1、2两个要点进行整合，将3、4、5三个要点进行重组。
3.遣词造句
Mathephobia is defined as a general fear of solving maths problems, which usually starts at school and is revealed through tests. Girls develop mathephobia more easily under the influence of math- anxious female teachers. Children suffer poor performance in math when burdened with worry over it. Furthermore, attempt to evade the problem may worsen the situation.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Mathephobia is defined as a general fear of solving maths problems, which usually starts at school and is revealed through tests.（运用一个复杂的主从复合句对原文第一段和第二段进行了概括，其中which引导的非限制性定语从句表达高级)
[高分句型2] Children suffer poor performance in math when burdened with worry over it.（用when引导的时间状语从句对第四段进行了概括，从句中省略了“主语+be动词”，表达非常高级）
8．Reference answer
In this century, global cooperation in science and technology is desirable because no single scientist can be a know-all due to the complexity of research and development. Scientists are working together to make breakthroughs. They also manage to solve problems by sharing ideas and information freely. Gone are the days when one expert can make it alone. (56 words)
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍说，在21世纪，我们看到了一种推动人类发明和创新边界的新趋势——全球合作，本文对全球合作出现的背景和采用的方法进行了描述。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①In the 21st century, we’ve seen a new trend that is pushing the boundaries of human invention and innovation—global cooperation. Scientific and technical research and development is now so complicated that no one scientist can know it all.
②Professor Bob Langer at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) has made significant breakthroughs in the field of biomedical engineering. He has invited experts from around the world in different fields to form a global team to design new substances which can go inside the body, deliver medicines and then dissolve.
③He shared his own ideas on the web for free and then got experts from all around the world to contribute ideas and even donations.
④It appears that the days of brilliant individuals working in their garages on their own are over.
2.缜密构思
将第1个要点进行整合，将第2、3、4三个要点进行重组。
3.遣词造句
In this century, global cooperation in science and technology is desirable because no single scientist can be a know-all due to the complexity of research and development.
Scientists are working together to make breakthroughs.
They also manage to solve problems by sharing ideas and information freely. Gone are the days when one expert can make it alone.
【点睛】[高分句型1] In this century, global cooperation in science and technology is desirable because no single scientist can be a know-all due to the complexity of research and development.运用一个复杂的主从复合句对原文第一段进行了概括，其中because引导的原因状语从句表达高级。
[高分句型2] Gone are the days when one expert can make it alone.用表语提前的部分倒装句和when引导的定语从句对最后一段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
9．As parents, we should educate our children how to adapt to the outside world. Because the challenges are different, we are bound to teach them to love and cooperate rather than compete. Children are supposed to learn to protect nature and know the importance of love, though our sense of competition makes it hard for us to love.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在当今这个社会，作为家长，我们应该教育孩子为未来做好准备。如今我们面临的挑战已经和过去大不一样，我们应该教会孩子如何去爱和合作，而不是一味地竞争。只不过，长期的竞争已经让我们变得麻木，很难去爱。
【详解】1 要点摘录
① To adjust you baby to the external world, educating him is your main assignment.
② Therefore, it is urgent that the philosophy of preparing our children for competition and power be replaced by one of preparing them for love and cooperation.
③ We must educate our children so that they want to preserve nature and it can in return make them more powerful and capable in society.
④ But it is getting harder to love.
2.缜密构思
将第1、2要点重组，将第3、4要点进行整合
3.遣词造句
As parents, we should educate our children how to adapt to the outside world.
Because the challenges are different, we are bound to teach them to love and cooperate rather than compete.
Children are supposed to learn to protect nature and know the importance of love, though our sense of competition makes it hard for us to love.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Because the challenges are different, we are bound to teach them to love and cooperate rather than compete. 运用了一个复杂的从句对原文第二段和第三段进行了概括。其中because引导的为原因状语从句。
[高分句型2] Children are supposed to learn to protect nature and know the importance of love, though our sense of competition makes it hard for us to love.用一个复杂的主从复合句对原文的第四段和第五段进行了概括。其中though引导的为让步状语从句。
10．Today’s Spring Festival has witnessed many changes because of economic development and globalization. Firstly, people no longer desire good food so much as in earlier times because of growth of fortune. Secondly, people now enjoy a more variety of celebration, entertainment and communication. Thirdly, many customs like the way of sending wishes and gifts have changed in the information age.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了随着国家的经济发展和全球化，春节的庆祝形式也经历了许多变化。
【详解】1. 要点摘录
①The Spring Festival, as it is celebrated today, has undergone many changes, the country’s economic development and globalization.
②People could not get good food with desired in earlier times, something that does not apply to society today.
③But three decades of economic growth has ensured that people in China can enjoy a good meal whenever they want. People seem not to long for delicious food like before during the Spring Festival due to the change in people’s fortune.
④And economic development and urbanization seems to have ensured various forms of entertainment and communication.
⑤Many customs associated with the Spring Festival have changed, too.
⑥In the past, people used to visit relatives and friends with gifts and lots of good wishes. Today, many people, especially the youth, use their cell phones or the Internet to send their good wishes and even “gifts” to their relatives and friends.
2. 缜密构思
将第1个要点重组；第2、3个要点整合；第5、6两个要点整合。
3. 遣词造句
Owing to the country’s economic development and globalization, the tradition of celebrating the Spring Festival has undergone many changes.
In the past, people desired to get food. But decades later, people seem not to long for delicious food like before during the Spring Festival due to the change in people’s fortune.
With the developmeng of technology, manycustoms associated with the Spring Festival have changed. Today, many people, especially the youth, use their cell phones or the Internet to send their good wishes and even “gifts” to their relatives and friends.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Today’s Spring Festival has witnessed many changes because of economic development and globalization. （运用了现在完成时）
[高分句型2]
Thirdly, many customs like the way of sending wishes and gifts have changed in the information age.（运用了动名词短语作宾语）过去完成时
单项选择
1．Hardly_____ to sit and have a rest when the phone________.
A．she had had time; rang B．she had time; had rang
C．had she had time; rang D．did she had time; had rang
2．“I didn’ t know my daughter was to lead the dance until I saw her on the live broadcast,” said Ye Hongjie. She added that before the ceremony what she________ was only that she was going to attend the ceremony.
A．knew B．has known
C．had known D．knowing
3．It was the first time that she ______ in public.
A．sung B．had sung C．has sung D．have sung
4．By the end of last semester, we_________the three compulsory English textbooks.
A．had covered B．have covered C．covered D．covering
5．Mr. White, who I ______ to the south of France, still lives in London.
A．think to have moved B．think had moved
C．thought have moved D．thought had moved
6．The third live class from China’s space station ________ when I turned on the TV.
A．began B．had been begun C．had begun D．has begun
7．He ________ more that 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15.
A．had learned B．would have learned
C．will learn D．has learned
8．I knew I ______ a job with a lot of stress but I love what I do.
A．choose B．chose C．had chosen D．will choose
9．Peter to take up the offer, but finally rejected it due to the long commuting time.
A．was intended B．was intending C．had intended D．has been intending
10．The manager got to the company hurriedly, only to find that he his laptop and files at home.
A．left B．was leaving C．had left D．has left
11．No sooner I finished doing the nucleic acid testing I felt like throwing up(呕吐). How I wish we could go back to the days without COVID-19.
A．did, when B．had, than C．had, when D．did, than
12．Jack ________ Chinese for two years in the Confucius College of Canada before he came to TEDA Club.
A．has studied B．studied C．had studied D．was studying.
13．He kept looking at her, wondering whether he ______ her somewhere.
A．saw B．has seen C．had seen D．was seeing
14．He kept looking at the girl, wondering_________
A．where he has seen her before
B．where had he seen her before
C．where has he seen her before
D．where he had seen her before
15．The newly-built school was much bigger than she ______ at first.
A．was thinking B．thought
C．had thought D．has thought
16．When Robert got to the third floor on foot, he found that he ________ his keys in the car.
A．was leaving B．had left C．would leave D．had been leaving
17．When walking down the street, I came across David, whom I ________ for years.
A．haven’t seen B．hadn’t seen C．saw D．have seen
18．When walking down the street, I came across David, whom I for years.
A．didn’t see B．haven’t seen C．hadn’t seen D．wouldn’t see
19．—Were you surprised by the ending of the film, Uncharted 4
—I ________ the book it is based on, so I already knew the story.
A．am reading B．reads C．had read D．was reading
20．It was the first time in six attempts that Peters ______the world champion.
A．has beaten B．was beaten
C．beat D．had beaten
21．—What happened to her new car
—No sooner ______ it than someone ran into her.
A．had she bought B．did she bought C．she bought D．she had bought
22．When he lost his job because of carelessness, he felt he had _____ his family.
A．fell B．featured C．failed D．figured
23．Mary had a great talent for writing. By the time she was 16, she ________ three books about teenagers.
A．wrote B．would write C．had written D．has written
24．The young girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. She _________ before.
A．hasn’t flown B．didn’t fly C．hadn’t flown D．wasn’t flying
25．---Did you go to the Temple Fair during this Spring Festival
---I didn’t. I ______ there many times before.
A．was B．had been C．has been D．would be
26．Hanoi declared that it ________by fast-spreading H1N1, which ________other countries nearby.
A．was being struck, had hit B．has been struck, had hit
C．has been struck, has hit D．will be struck, has hit
27．Although he ________in that city for 15 years, he, in 2007, returned to Paris.
A．lived B．has lived
C．would live D．had lived
28．The media reported that these companies ______ pollution as hot potato.
A．have treated B．will treat C．had treated D．were treated
29．I ______ an apology to you earlier, but failed because you ______ me since we last quarreled.
A．intended to make, had avoided meeting
B．intended to have made, had avoided to meet
C．had intended making, have avoided to meet
D．had intended to make, have been avoiding meeting
30．I was about to unlock the door of my flat ______ I realized I ______ my keys in my office.
A．then, had left B．that, have left C．when, had left D．when, left
31．—Did you have difficulty finding Alice's house
—Not really, She_________us clear directions and we could find it easily.
A．would give B．was giving C．had given D．will give
32．—________ Tom at the party
—No.He ________ by the time I arrived.
A．Have you seen; was to leave B．Did you see; had left
C．Did you see; should have left D．Have you seen; left
33．The young man, when questioned why he ______ the mobile phone, just looked at the policeman and said nothing.
A．had stolen B．stole C．steals D．was stealing
34．________, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order, so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we ________.
A．Tiring, had eaten B．Tiring, haven’t eaten
C．Tired, had eaten D．Tired, didn’t eat
35．By the end of last term, we ________ 2000 English words.
A．have learnt B．had learnt C．learnt D．would learn
36．Bill________ to retire at 60, but his colleagues persuaded him to stay on for a few more years.
A．would expect B．has expected C．expected D．had expected
37．Mr. Green asked Lily whether she had passed the exam________.
A．yesterday B．the day before C．the day ago D．before the day
38．—Were you surprised by the ending of the film
—No, I________ the book, so I already knew the story
A．was reading B．had read C．am reading D．have read
39．Doctor Smith ________ in the university for more than 20 years before he retired last month.
A．worked B．was working C．has worked D．had worked
40．He went to the airport to pick up his wife, but she ______ before his arrival.
A．left B．has left C．had left D．was leaving
41．Hardly________ that the early identification of those children’s special educational needs________ such a huge difference to them.
A．he believed; made B．did he believe; made
C．he believes; had made D．did he believe; had made
42．No sooner ________ enough money than he rushed to buy the children some gifts.
A．did he raise B．he raised C．had he raised D．he had raised
43．It was the first time that I ________ (talk) face to face with the president.
A．talk B．have talked C．talked D．had talked
44．We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody ________ into the office during the night.
A．broke B．had broken C．has broken D．was breaking
45．---You look very tired. What's wrong with you
---How bad luck today is! By the time I arrived at the airport, the plane________.
A．left B．was leaving C．has left D．had left
46．—Why did you abandon pursuing a master degree
—I ________ to study further, but I had to earn money to support my family.
A．had intended B．intend C．would intend D．Was intended
47．Under no circumstances________ I met so many problems.
A．I would expect B．expected I
C．had I expected D．I had expected
48．The manager is said to have arrived back from Beijing where he ______ some important partners.
A．would meet B．had met C．meets D．is meeting
49．By the time he was ten, Edison________ many experiments in chemistry.
A．did B．would do C．was doing D．had done
50．By the end of last term we ________the book.
A．finished B．had finished C．finish D．have finished
51．By the end of 2010, he ______ in NBA for nine years.
A．plays B．played C．has played D．had played
52．But ________ he had won everything it was possible to win in his sport, Li Ning retired with the feeling that he ________.
A．even though; was failed B．after; failed
C．even though; had failed D．after; has failed
53．By the time we got home, the man _______ with a note on the door, saying “I’ll come tomorrow.”
A．left B．has left C．had left D．would leave
54．The country ______ its borders when a wave of refugees ______ in, which put a severe strain on its social welfare system.
A．scarcely opened; flooded B．had scarcely opened; had flooded
C．scarcely opened; had flooded D．had scarcely opened; flooded
55．The producers of the talk show denied that the joke was too offensive, insisting that they merely ______ add a slight touch of humor.
A．have meant to B．had meant to C．were meant to D．mean to
56．Even though we ______ a lot due to the natural disaster, moments when we could be together with our family gave us hope for the future.
A．have lost B．had lost C．were losing D．would lose
57．The young man, when questioned why he _______ the law, just looked at the policeman and said nothing.
A．broke B．had broken C．won’t know D．haven’t known
58．Their failure suggested that they ________ the lessons before the test at all.
A．didn’t go over B．hadn’t gone over
C．hadn’t went over D．haven’t gone over
59．The _________ expression on her face showed that she _________ her teacher’s explanation.
A．confusing; wouldn’t quite understand B．confused; hadn’t quite understood
C．confusing; hadn’t quite understood D．confused; shouldn’t quite understand
60．It was the first time that he__________the New Coastal Area of Tianjin and was so impressed by its fast development.
A．have visited B．visited C．had visited D．would visit
参考答案：
1．C
【详解】考查倒装句和时态。句意：她刚想坐下来休息一会儿，电话就响了。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型“主语+had hardly done…when+主语+did”，意为“一……就……”，主句用过去完成时，“Hardly”位于句首，句要用部分倒装，“had”提前，故空格一填“had she had time”，从句用一般过去时，故空格二填“rang”。故选C项。
2．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：Ye Hongjie说：“直到我在直播中看到女儿，我才知道她要领舞。”她补充说，在典礼之前，她只知道她要参加这个典礼。由“before the ceremony”可知，她在典礼之前就已经知道自己要参加这个典礼，分析句子可知，典礼是过去发生的事情，空格处用过去完成时，表示过去的过去的动作，故选C。
3．B
【详解】考查动词时态和固定句型。句意：这是她第一次在公众面前唱歌。It was the first time that…意为“某人第一次做某事”，固定句型，that从句谓语动词应使用过去完成时。故选B项。
4．A
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：到上学期末，我们已经学完了三本必修英语教材。A. had covered已经涉及，已经学习（过去完成时）；B. have covered已经涉及，已经学习（现在完成时）；C. covered涉及了，学习了（一般过去时）；D. covering涉及，学习（现在分词/动名词）。分析可知，所填动词为句中的谓语动词，结合时间状语“By the end of last semester”可知，应是过去完成时。故选A项。
5．D
【详解】考查时态和插入语。句意：怀特先生，我以为他已搬到法国南部去了，但他仍住在伦敦。观察选项可知，I think在句中作插入语，move的动作发生在think之前，因此正确答案是thought had moved，表示“我过去以为他已经搬去了法国”，故选D。
6．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：第三堂来自中国空间站的直播课在我打开电视前已经开始了。根据动词turned可知，打开电视机发生在过去，且课程在此之此之前就开始了，是过去的过去，应使用过去完成时态，又class与begin之间为主动关系，故选C。
7．A
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当他15岁进入大学时，他已经学了超过5000个英语单词。空处在句中为主句的谓语，结合时间状语从句“when he entered the university at the age of 15”可知，他在上大学的时候，学到的单词已经超过了5000，所以表示的是过去之过去，因此空处的时态为过去完成时。故选A。
8．C
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我知道我选择了一份压力很大的工作，但我热爱我的工作。分析语境，主句动词时态为一般过去时，此句为宾语从句，此句应该是基于过去时态的过去完成时，表达“过去的过去我已经选择了”，had chosen符合题意。故选C项。
9．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：彼得本打算接受这份工作，但由于通勤时间太长，他最终拒绝了。根据后文but finally rejected it due to the long commuting time.可知，表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故选C。
10．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：经理匆忙赶到公司，结果却发现他把笔记本电脑和文件忘在家里了。分析句子可知got to the company用的是一般过去时，电脑和文件落家里应该是到办公室之前，所以用过去的过去，用过去完成时。故选C。
11．B
【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意：刚做完核酸检测，我就想吐。我多么希望我们能回到没有新冠病毒的日子。表示“一……就……”句型为no sooner…than…，且no sooner位于句首时，主句应用部分倒装，此处用过去完成时，应将had提前。故选B。
12．C
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在来到TEDA俱乐部之前，杰克曾在加拿大孔子学院学习了两年中文。根据文中“before he came to TEDA Club”可知，学习是发生在“过去的过去”的事情，“for two years”也是提示，所以用过去完成时。故选C项。
13．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：他一直看着她，想知道是否在什么地方见过她。由kept可知，“他看着她”是发生在过去的动作，“是否在什么地方见过她”这个动作应该是发生在过去的过去，因此空格处用过去完成时，故选C。
14．D
【详解】考查宾语从句的语序和时态呼应。句意：他一直看着那个女孩，想知道以前在哪里见过她。分析句子结构可知，where引导的是宾语从句，而从句的语序应该是陈述语序，故排除B项和C项，主句部分用的是一般过去时，所以从句需用过去的某种时态，所以从句应用过去完成时。故选D项。
15．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：这所新建的学校比她起初想的要大得多。分析句子可知，句子为“than”引导的比较状语从句，根据句中“was”可知，主句为一般过去时，从句“想”的动作发生在主句动作之前，故应用过去完成时，谓语动词为“had done”，“think”的过去分词为“thought”，故空格处应填“had thought”。故选C项。
16．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：当罗伯特步行到三楼时，他发现他把钥匙忘在车里了。结合语境可知，leave发生在found之前，即“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故选B。
17．B
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：走在街上，我遇到了多年未见的大卫。根据“I came across David”可知，多年未见大卫是发生在过去之前的事情，所以应用过去完成时。故选B。
18．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：当我在街上走的时候，我遇到了大卫，我已经多年没见到他了。A. didn’t see没有看见（一般过去时）；B. haven’t seen已经没看见（现在完成时）；C. hadn’t seen已经没看见（过去完成时）；D. wouldn’t see没看见（过去将来时）。根据时间状语for years可知，句子应用完成时态，且根据came使用过去式形式可知，主句使用一般过去时，see这一动作发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故选C项。
19．C
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——你对电影《神秘海域4》的结局感到惊讶吗？——我看过原著，所以我已经知道故事了。空处缺少谓语动词，read这个动作发生在knew之前，表示“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时。故选C。
20．D
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这是彼得斯六次尝试中第一次击败世界冠军。此句考查句型It was the first time + that从句，意为“这是某人第一次做某事”，从句要用过去完成时。故选D项。
21．A
【详解】考查固定句型和部分倒装。句意：——她的新车怎么了？——她刚买就被撞上了。结合句意可知，此处为固定句型no sooner...than...“一……就……，刚……就……”，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时；当no sooner位于句首时，主语要部分倒装，将助动词had置于主语之前。故选A。
22．C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他因为粗心大意而失去工作时，他觉得自己辜负了家人。A. fell跌倒，减少；B. featured以……为特色；C. failed辜负，使失望；D. figured认为，理解，弄懂，计算。由语意可知，他丢了工作，所以他觉得这件事使他的家人失望，fail符合语境；此处应用动词过去分词形式与助动词had组合为过去完成时态，表示动作发生在felt之前。故选C项。
23．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：玛丽很有写作天赋。到16岁时，她已经写了三本关于青少年的书。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语动词，根据“By the time she was 16”可知，时态用过去完成时态。故选C。
24．C
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：在飞机上坐在我旁边的年轻女孩很紧张。她以前没有坐过飞机。分析句子可知，前一句用的是一般过去时，空处所表示的动作发生在前一句之前，即发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故选C项。
25．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：这个春节你去庙会了吗？没有，我以前去过多次了。根据句意可知，动作发生在过去的过去，因此要用过去完成时。故选B项。
26．A
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：河内宣布，它受到了快速传播的H1N1病毒的袭击，该病毒已经袭击了附近的其他国家。结合语境可知，第一空描述的是过去正在进行的被动动作，故用过去进行时的被动语态；第二空描述的是过去某一时间前已经完成的动作，故用过去完成时态。故选A。
27．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：尽管他在那个城市生活了15年，他还是在2007年回到了巴黎。由主句的谓语动词returned可知，从句的谓语动词需用过去完成时态：had done，表示过去的过去发生的动作，此处表示的是2007年前在那个城市生活了15年。故选D。
28．C
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：媒体报道说，这些公司把污染当作烫手山芋。A. have treated 属于现在完成时；B. will treat 属于一般将来时；C. had treated 属于过去完成时；D. were treated 一般过去时的被动语态。固定搭配treat…as…“把……当成……对待”，主句的谓语用了一般过去时，从句的谓语发生在主句的谓语动作发生之前，故从句的谓语应用过去完成时。故选C。
29．D
【详解】考查动词时态和非谓语动词。句意：我本想早一点向你道歉，但因为上次吵架后你一直回避见我，所以没能道歉。根据句意及failed可知，第一空表示“打算道歉”发生在道歉之前，用过去完成时had done结构。intend to do打算做某事，固定结构，动词不定式作宾语；根据since we last quarreled可知，第二空用现在完成时，强调“一直回避见面”用现在完成进行时have/has been doing。avoid doing避免做，固定结构，动名词作宾语。故选D项。
30．C
【详解】考查连词和时态。句意：我正要打开公寓的门，突然意识到我把钥匙忘在办公室了。be about to do ... when ...正要做某事的时候，突然……。从句中的动作发生在主句过去动作 realized之前，表示过去的过去，所以用过去完成时。故选C。
31．C
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：——你找到爱丽丝的家有困难吗 ——不难，她给我们指明了方向，很容易就找到了。设空处在句中做谓语，结合句意可知该动作发生在“过去的过去”。应用过去完成时。故答案为C项。
32．B
【详解】考查时态和一般疑问句，句意：—你在派对上看到Tom了吗？—没看到，我到之前他就离开了。此处是对过去的事情进行提问，应用一般过去时，did位于句首。根据by the time I arrived，表示我到达之前，此处表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时，故选B项。
33．A
【详解】考查时态。句意：当被问到为什么偷手机时，年轻人只是看着警察，什么也没说。why引导宾语从句缺乏谓语，从句谓语动词steal发生在主句谓语looked at and said之前，即“过去的过去”，steal用过去完成时。故选A项。
34．C
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析及时态。句意：我们又累又饿，也不懂中文，不知道怎么点菜，所以厨师就开始在我们的桌子上摆满我们吃过的最好的食物。tired (疲倦的)，tiring (累人的)，修饰形容人，常用-ed结尾形容词，修饰物，常用-ing结尾形容词，此处说明主语we的状态，应用-ed结尾形容词tired，作状语；先行词the best food后接省略关系词的定语从句we ________，定语从句缺乏谓语，从句谓语eat发生在主句谓语began之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故选C项。
35．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：到上学期末，我们已经学了2000个英语单词。根据句中By the end of last term可知，此处指截至到上学期末，指“过去之过去”，所以空白处的时态用过去完成时。故选B。
36．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：比尔原打算60岁退休，但他的同事说服他再呆几年。设空处为谓语，根据下文的persuaded 可推知发生在“过去的过去”，用过去完成时，故选D。
37．B
【详解】考查时态，句意：格林先生问莉莉前一天她是否通过了考试。yesterday和一般过去时连用；before用在完成时态中，但是“前天”应表达成the day before (yesterday)。本句中主句的谓语为asked，所以表示过去问；宾语从句使用了过去完成时had passed，所以时间状语应为表示“过去之过去”，选项B符合题意，故选B。
38．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：—你对电影的结局感到惊讶吗 —不，我读过这本书，所以我已经知道这个故事了。由I already knew the story可知，说话人已经看过那本书，knew是过去式，因此“看书”这个动作发生在过去的过去，时态用过去完成时，即had done，故选B。
39．D
【详解】考查过去完成时时态。句意：史密斯博士上个月退休前在这所大学工作了20多年。A. worked 过去式；B.was working 动词的过去进行时；C.has worked 动词的现在完成时；D.had worked 动词的过去完成时。before引导的从句中谓语动词retired是过去时，根据句意可知史密斯博在退休前已经在大学工作了二十多年，主句的谓语动词work发生在从句的动作之前应用过去完成时had worked，故选D项。
40．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：他去机场接妻子，但她在他到达之前就走了。根据后文before his arrival可知表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故选C。
41．D
【详解】考查部分倒装和时态。句意：他几乎不敢相信，早期识别这些孩子的特殊教育需求会对他们产生如此大的影响。第一空，hardly位于句首，句子需用部分倒装，此处谓语动词为实义动词，且为一般过去时，应在主语he之前添加助动词did；第二空，make在从句中作谓语，发生在主句谓语believed之前，表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故选D。
42．C
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：他一筹够钱就赶紧给孩子们买礼物。No sooner had sb. done sth. than sb. did sth.为固定句型，意为“某人一…就…”。其中no sooner 后使用过去完成时，且要部分倒装。故选C项。
43．D
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：这是我第一次与总统面对面交谈。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型“It was the +序数词+ time + that从句”，意为“某人第……次做某事”，此时从句应用过去完成时，句式为“主语+had+动词过去分词”，talk的过去分词为talked。故选D项。
44．B
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：早晨我们来上班，结果发现有人晚上闯入过办公室。根据上文的arrived和found可知，空格处的动作发生在found之前，表示“过去的过去”的动作，故用过去完成时。故选B。
【点睛】
45．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：——你看起来很累。你怎么了 ——今天运气真差!当我到达机场时，飞机已经离开了。by the time+一般过去时，主句为过去完成时。故选D项。
46．A
【详解】考查动词时态辨析。句意：你为什么要放弃攻读硕士学位呢？——我原本打算进一步学习，但我必须挣钱养家。表示“打算、计划、希望、认为”等的动词用于过去完成时表示“本打算（本计划、本希望、本认为）做而没做”。根据上文可知，没有攻读硕士学位，下文解释说要挣钱养家，因此推断原本打算进一步学习，但是没有。故用过去完成时。故选A。
【点睛】
47．C
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：我万万没有想到我会遇到这么多问题。under no circumstances意为“绝不”，表示否定，放在句首，句子要用部分到装，met这一动作发生在过去，expect发生在它之前，所以要用过去完成时，部分倒装时将助动词had置于主语之前。故选C项。
48．B
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：据说经理已经从北京回来了，他在北京见了一些重要的合作伙伴。根据“is said to have arrived back”可知，经理从北京回来是发生在过去的事情，“在北京见了一些重要的合作伙伴”是发生在经理回来之前，即过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故选B。
49．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：爱迪生到十岁的时候，已经做了许多化学实验。根据时间状语“By the time he was ten”可知，空处谓语动词需用过去完成时态，表示在10岁之前发生的事情，即“过去的过去”。故选D。
50．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：到上学期末，我们已经读完了这本书。分析可知，设空处缺少一个谓语动词，再根据“By the end of last term”，表示到上学期末，所以设空处应该是“过去的过去”，要用过去完成时态，had+动词的过去分词，所以had finished符合题意，表示读完了这本书，故选B。
51．D
【详解】考查时态辨析。句意：到2010年底，他已经在 NBA 呆了9年。根据本句中的时间状语“By the end of 2010”，可知，时间为截止到2010年底之前，所以动作表示过去之过去，因此主句的时态要用过去完成时。选项A为一般现在时；选项B为一般过去时；选项C为现在完成时；选项D为过去完成时。故选D。
52．C
【详解】考查连词和时态。句意：但是即使是已经赢得了自己体操项目上能赢得的一切，李宁依然还是带着一种失败的感觉退役了。根据句意，可知逗号前后两句话之间是让步关系，应用从属连词even though；第二个空格是同位语从句 that he _____中的谓语动词，且动词fail发生在retired 之前，也就是过去的过去，应用过去完成时，故选C。
53．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：等我们到家时，那人已经在门上贴了张纸条走了，纸条上写着:“我明天再来。”由by+the time+表示过去的时间状语从句可知，主句动作发生在时间状语之前，应该用过去完成时，结构是had+动词过去分词。故选C项。
54．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：这个国家一开放边界，一大波难民就涌进来了，这给当地的社会保障体系增加了很严峻的压力。scarcely...when...表示“一......就”，在此句型中，scarcely所在主句应该用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。故选D。
55．B
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：脱口秀的制片人否认这个玩笑太具有冒犯性，坚持说他们原本只是打算增加一点幽默。had meant to do，意思是“过去原本打算做”。结合语境，脱口秀是过去的事情，制片人的打算也是过去的语境中发生的，再结合语义，表示“制片人过去原本打算”，故选B。
56．B
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：虽然我们在自然灾害中失去了很多，但我们能与家人在一起的时刻给了我们对未来的希望。结合句意，可知从句的动作发生在谓语动词gave之前，为“过去的过去”应用过去完成时，故答案为B。
57．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：当年轻人被问到他为什么违反法律时，他只是看着警察，什么也没说。此处的动词break发生在looked和said之前，即break发生在“过去的过去”，应该使用过去完成时，表现形式为had broken。故选B项。
58．B
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他们的失败表明他们在考试前根本没有复习功课。分析句子结构，that they ________ the lessons before the test at all.是一个宾语从句，主句用的一般过去时，从句要使用相应的过去的时态，“他们没有复习功课”这个动作发生在“他们失败表明”这个动作之前，宾语从句中，用过去完成时，即had + 过去分词，go的过去分词是gone。故选B项。
59．B
【详解】考查形容词和动词时态。句意：她脸上困惑的表情表明她不太明白老师的解释。第一空用形容词修饰名词expression，confusing“令人困惑的”，confused“困惑的”，此处指人困惑而发出表情，所以用ed结尾的形容词。第二个空not understand的动作发生在showed前，应该用过去完成时。故选B。
60．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：这是他第一次来到天津这个新的沿海地区，天津的快速发展给他留下了深刻印象。分析题意，根据固定搭配It +be+the +序数词+time+that（某人第几次做某事）可知，若be动词为was时，从句的动词用过去完成时。故此处的时态为过去完成时。综合分析，故选C项。书信写作
1．假定你是李华，你的好友英国留学生Michael在China Daily举办的My China Story征文比赛中获得一等奖。请你用英语给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 表示祝愿；
2. 获奖的意义；
3. 未来的期望。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2．假定你是李华，上周参加了你市组织的英语话剧比赛 (English Drama Competition) 并取得了较好的成绩。你的外教Mr. White此前给予了你很多帮助和鼓励，请你给他写封电子邮件表达谢意。
内容包括：1. 告知好消息;2. 感谢他的帮助(如陪伴练习。指出应改进之处等)和鼓励;
3. 邀请他到你家做客。
注意：1. 词数80左右;2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：表演 perform；感激 gratitude；安慰 comfort
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3．假定你是学生会主席李华。你校上周邀请Smith教授为同学们做了场有关科学研究的讲座。请你代表全校同学用英语给Smith教授写一封邮件，
内容包括：1.表示感谢：
2.感谢缘由：
3.你的期待。
注意:1.词数100左右:
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4．假定你是李华，现任所在中学学生会主席。近期学校邀请英国剑桥大学Lio教授来你校给学生作了有关AI(人工智能)的报告。请你代表你校学生会给Lio教授写一封邮件，表示感谢。内容包括：
1. 表示感谢；
2. 浅谈收获；
3. 期待对方再次来校作报告。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5．假定你是李华，得知英国籍外教John因工作出色而受到学校表彰，为此请你给他写一封邮件表示祝贺，内容要点包括：
1.表示祝贺；
2.对其工作的欣赏；
3.感谢其付出。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear John,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
6．假如你是韩梅梅，你的朋友李磊被北大录取，请你写一封祝贺信，内容包括：
1.表示祝贺；
2.肯定他的努力和付出；
3.表达祝愿。
注意：1.写作词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
7．假如你是李华，你的笔友Jason大学毕业后如愿被一家IT公司录用了。请根据以下提示写一封英文电子邮件向他表示祝贺。
1)祝贺他被录用；
2)肯定他的努力和付出；
3表达自己向他学习的愿望。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
8．假如你是小华，上个月刚刚过了18岁生日，觉得自己已经是大人了，于是你想就父母对你的关怀和你今后的打算，以书信形式同父母谈谈。信的主要内容如下：
1. 对父母的关心和照顾表达感激之情；
2. 取得高考好成绩，进入理想的大学。
注意：
1. 词数120左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Mum and Dad,
I’m writing to you about my gratitude for your having brought me up and my future plan.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Xiao Hua
9．假定你是李华，在美国孔子学院（Confucius Institute）任教三年后即将回国，请用英文给同事们、同学们写一篇感谢信。要点如下：
1. 对任教生活的怀念；2. 对同事们、同学们的感谢；3. 对同事们、同学们的祝福。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear teachers and fellow students,
In a couple of weeks, we’ll have to say goodbye. How time flies!
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank you.
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
10．假定你是Alice，英国的一名中学生，你通过电视观看了东京奥运会跳水项目女子10米跳台决赛。全红婵，中国奥运代表团最年轻的运动员，一名14岁的女孩，以创纪录的成绩夺得10米跳台冠军。请你给全红婵写一封邮件，希望和她成为笔友，内容包括：
1. 表示祝贺；
2. 评论与赞赏；
3. 表达祝愿及你的愿望。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：
10米跳台the 10-meter jump 冠军championship
东京奥运会the Tokyo Olympics 代表团delegation 决赛final
Dear Quan Hongchan,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Your sincerely,
Alice
参考答案
1．Dear Michael,
I’m so happy to hear that you have won the first prize in the essay contest My China Story held by China Daily.
What a pleasant surprise you have given me! Your winning the prize shows not only your brilliant talent for writing but also your deep understanding of China, which means a great deal to you. Hopefully, you’ll work in China in the future and serve as a cultural ambassador, bridging the gap between China and the rest of the world.
I hope you will continue your exploration of China and make even greater achievements in the years to come.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假定你是李华，你的好友英国留学生Michael在China Daily举办的My China Story征文比赛中获得一等奖。请你用英语给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1. 表示祝愿；2. 获奖的意义；3. 未来的期望。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：happy→glad
举办：hold→organise
很好的：brilliant→great
天赋：talent =gift
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Hopefully, you’ll work in China in the future and serve as a cultural ambassador, bridging the gap between China and the rest of the world.
拓展句：Hopefully, you’ll work in China in the future and serve as a cultural ambassador, which will bridge the gap between China and the rest of the world.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Your winning the prize shows not only your brilliant talent for writing but also your deep understanding of China, which means a great deal to you. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Hopefully, you’ll work in China in the future and serve as a cultural ambassador, bridging the gap between China and the rest of the world. (运用了现在分词作状语)
2．Dear Mr. White,
I’m glad to tell you that I performed well in the English Drama Competition held in our city last week. Undoubtedly, I should extend my sincere gratitude to you.
Honestly speaking, I couldn’t have done such a good job without your help and encouragement. Every time I practised my part, you accompanied me, pointed out where I could improve, and told me how to do it better. Feeling discouraged, I could get an encouraging hug, which inspired me a lot.
Thanks to you, I made my best performance. I’m wondering if it is convenient for you to come to my home so that I can cook authentic Chinese food for you as a treat. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。上周参加了考生所在市组织的英语话剧比赛(English Drama Competition)并取得了较好的成绩。考生的外教Mr. White此前给予了考生很多帮助和鼓励，请考生给他写封电子邮件表达谢意。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→ delighted
诚挚的：sincere→genuine
帮助：help→assist
表示：extend→express
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Honestly speaking, I couldn’t have done such a good job without your help and encouragement.
拓展句：Honestly speaking, I couldn’t have done such a good job if I didn't have your help and encouragement.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Every time I practised my part, you accompanied me, pointed out where I could improve, and told me how to do it better.(运用了every time引导的时间状语从句和where引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】I’m wondering if it is convenient for you to come to my home so that I can cook authentic Chinese food for you as a treat.(运用了so that引导的状语从句)
3．Dear Professor Smith,
Thank you for sharing your vast knowledge about scientific research at the lecture for us students last week.
Your presentation about topic selection will be extremely helpful to students who are completely new to research. Also, we appreciate your thoughtfulness in preparing and giving the presentation as well as helpful advice. What’s more, it’s very kind of you to be patient with students before and after your talk.
Thank you again for helping to create the next generation of research scholars. We hope to learn more from you.
Yours sincerely,
LiHua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对史密斯教授上周做的一场有关科学研究的讲座表示感谢。
【详解】1.词汇积累
考虑：thoughtfulness →consideration
此外：what’s more →besides
完全地：completely →totally
感激：appreciate →be grateful for
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Thank you for sharing your vast knowledge about scientific research at the lecture for us students last week.
拓展句：Thank you for sharing your vast knowledge about scientific research at the lecture for us students last week, which is very useful.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Your presentation about topic selection will be extremely helpful to students who are completely new to research. (运用了who引导的限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】What’s more, it’s very kind of you to be patient with students before and after your talk.(运用了it作形式主语)
4．Dear Lio,
On behalf of the Students’ Union of our school, I’m writing to express our heartfelt thanks for your wonderful speech on AI.
We Chinese have a saying that listening to your words for an hour is more beneficial than reading for ten years. We have learned a lot from your speech indeed. Having heard your speech, we not only gain a better understanding of what AI is, but we’re also aware of what effects it might have on us human beings. We do hope you’ll come to our school to deliver more brilliant speeches in the near future.
Thanks again!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给Lio教授写一封邮件，感谢他来你校给学生作有关AI的报告，并谈谈收获和期待。
【详解】1.词汇积累
代表：on behalf of→represent
表达：express→convey
有帮助的：beneficial→helpful
衷心的：heartfelt→sincere
2.句型拓展
陈述句变倒装句
原句：Having heard your speech, we not only gain a better understanding of what AI is, but we’re also aware of what effects it might have on us human beings.
拓展句：Having heard your speech, not only do we gain a better understanding of what AI is, but we’re also aware of what effects it might have on us human beings.
【点睛】[高分句型1]We Chinese have a saying that listening to your words for an hour is more beneficial than reading for ten years.（运用了that引导的同位语从句）
[高分句型2]We do hope you’ll come to our school to deliver more brilliant speeches in the near future.（运用了that（已省）引导的宾语从句）
5．Dear John，
I am writing to offer my sincere congratulations to you on your winning the award. As your student, I just want you to know how glad I am at your achievement.
For these years, you've shown great passion in teaching and kept on improving our English ability. It is your humorous and instructive teaching that makes English learning an entertaining and eye-opening experience for us. Without your selfless devotion, we couldn't have made such great progress. Thank you for your company.
I really hope that you can enjoy your stay here and make more achievements.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
【导语】本文为应用文写作，要求考生给英国籍外教John写一封邮件表示祝贺。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→delighted
继续：keep on→ go on
赢得：winning→getting
喜欢：enjoy→ be fond of
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Without your selfless devotion, we couldn't have made such great progress.
拓展句：If there was no your selfless devotion, we couldn't have made such great progress.
【点睛】【高分句型1】s your student, I just want you to know how glad I am at your achievement.（运用了how引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】It is your humorous and instructive teaching that makes English learning an entertaining and eye-opening experience for us.（运用了强调句）
6．Dear Li Lei,
I’m writing to convey my heartfelt congratulations on your receiving the offer from Peking University. I feel more than glad for you as it’s a golden chance to learn from the great minds.
But indeed no one could have been more deserving of it than you, because I know you have been studying for many years. It is your diligence, perseverance and effective learning methods that stand you out in the crowd. It is a real encouragement to see your efforts paid off.
Wish you greater progress and further success at university in the future.
Yours,
Han Meimei
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就“朋友李磊被北大录取”一事写一封祝贺信，内容包括：1.表示祝贺；2.肯定他的努力和付出；3.表达祝愿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
表达：convey→express
衷心的、真诚的：heartfelt→sincere/genuine
高兴的：glad→delighted
机会：chance→opportunity
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：It is a real encouragement to see your efforts paid off.
拓展句：There is no doubt that it is a real encouragement to see your efforts paid off.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I feel more than glad for you as it’s a golden chance to learn from the great minds. (运用了as引导的原因状语从句)
【高分句型2】It is your diligence, perseverance and effective learning methods that stand you out in the crowd. (运用了强调句型)
7．Dear Jason,
Much delighted to learn that you have been recruited into your long-anticipated IT company, I’m writing to extend my heartfelt congratulations to you.
It came as no surprise to me that you can distinguish yourself as the most desired candidate in that you have readied yourself for the chance since you stepped into the university. Via so many emails we have exchanged, I am acutely aware of it. What strikes me most is that you displayed a strong sense of discipline and labored to acquire professional proficiency in-all related subjects, thus making you stand out among your peers. Beyond that, upon graduation, you look pains over throughout research of the company as well as its culture, potential clients and defining moments etc, which definitely served you well in the job interview. You always told me success awaits those who make adequate preparations and exert themselves tirelessly and you made it happen. So inspired and motivated am I by your achievement that I can’t wait to learn from you.
Again, congratulations and best wishes for all the good in your future.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于祝贺信。要求考生给笔友Jason写信，对其被一家IT公司录用表示祝贺。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：happy → delighted
进入：enter → step into
表现：show→ display
足够的：enough→ adequate
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Much delighted to learn that you have been recruited into your long-anticipated IT company, I’m writing to extend my heartfelt congratulations to you.
拓展句：Because I am very delighted to learn that you have been recruited into your long-anticipated IT company, I’m writing to extend my heartfelt congratulations to you.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Beyond that, upon graduation, you look pains over throughout research of the company as well as its culture, potential clients and defining moments etc, which definitely served you well in the job interview.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】You always told me success awaits those who make adequate preparations and exert themselves tirelessly and you made it happen.（运用了省略that的宾语从句以及who引导的定语从句）
8．Dear Mum and Dad,
I’m writing to you about my gratitude for your having brought me up and my future plan.
I celebrated my 18th birthday last month, which means that I have been already an adult. I am so grateful to you that I don’t know how to express it. First, thank you for providing me with good living environment. Second, when I meet with difficulties, you always give me encouragement and good advice.
Now, I am a senior three student. The most important thing that I am facing is the national college entrance examinations. I am determined to try my best to pass the competitive exams. I believe I can enter my ideal key university through my efforts.
On the other hand, I want to be an independent man. With the development of this society, I will face a more competitive society in the future, so I will develop myself and make good preparations for it.
Yours sincerely,
Xiao Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给父母写一封信，对父母表达感激之情并告诉父母你今后的打算。
【详解】1.词汇积累
感激的：grateful→thankful
首先：first→first of all
建议：advice→suggestion
决定做某事：be determined to do sth.→decide to do sth.
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With the development of this society, I will face a more competitive society in the future, so I will develop myself and make good preparations for it.
拓展句：As this society develops, I will face a more competitive society in the future, so I will develop myself and make good preparations for it.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Second, when I meet with difficulties, you always give me encouragement and good advice. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型2】The most important thing that I am facing is the national college entrance examinations. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句)
9．Dear teachers and fellow students,
In a couple of weeks, we’ll have to say goodbye. How time flies! Now It’s really hard for me to put my feelings into words. The past three years has been really a wonderful journey, full of laughter and tears.
To make Confucius Institute more powerful and fruitful, our great teachers and dear students contributed the time, energy, love and the whole heart. It’s time to recall those beautiful days which we spent together. You are the very person that gives me a hand when necessary. Here, I’m extremely grateful for all that you, dear teachers and students, have done for me. It’ll soon be the time for us to depart, though unwillingly. May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last till the end of the universe!
That’s all. Thank you.
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生向美国孔子学院的同事们、同学们写一篇感谢信，写下对任教生活的怀念，以及对同事们、同学们的感谢与祝福。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
充满：be full of→be filled with
给予某人帮助：give sb. a hand→lend sb. a hand
非常：extremely→exceedingly
感激的：grateful→thankful
2. 句式拓展
简单句变拓展句
原句：The past three years has been really a wonderful journey, full of laughter and tears.
拓展句：The past three years has been really a wonderful journey, which is full of laughter and tears.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Now It’s really hard for me to put my feelings into words.（运用了it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语）
【高分句型2】It’s time to recall those beautiful days which we spent together.（运用了which引导的定语从句）
【高分句型3】You are the very person that gives me a hand when necessary.（运用了that引导的定语从句）
10．Dear Quan Hongchan,
I am a senior high school student in England called Alice. I’m glad to see you win the women’s 10m platform diving final at the Tokyo Olympic Games. Congratulations!
As far as I am concerned, you are an extraordinary girl. As an athlete of the Chinese Olympic delegation, although you are young, you have made a breakthrough through your own efforts, creating a record for the 10m platform diving. I sincerely hope that you can surpass yourself and achieve satisfactory results in the future. In addition, I hope to become your pen pal. Congratulations again on your success.
Your sincerely,
Alice
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给全红婵写一封信，祝贺她在东京奥运会取得的成绩，表达对她的赞赏，并希望成为她的笔友。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→delighted
在我看来：as far as I am concerned→from my perspective of view
非凡的：extraordinary→brilliant
实现，完成：achieve→fullfil
2.句型拓展
同义句转换
原句：I sincerely hope that you can surpass yourself and achieve satisfactory results in the future.
拓展句：What I sincerely hope is that you can surpass yourself and achieve satisfactory results in the future.
【点睛】[高分句型1]As an athlete of the Chinese Olympic delegation, although you are young, you have made a breakthrough through your own efforts, creating a record for the 10m platform diving.（运用了although引导的让步状语从句和现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]I sincerely hope that you can surpass yourself and achieve satisfactory results in the future. （运用了that引导的宾语从句）现在完成时
单项选择
1．In the past few years all citizens__________efforts to make the town more beautiful and civilized.
A．have made B．made C．have been made D．had made
2．The number of people who own a car ________in the past 10 years.
A．increase B．increased C．has increased D．increases
3．The professor is the one of the foremost educators in adolescent psychology that ________ trust from parents and children.
A．have earned B．are earned C．has earned D．is earned
4．The number of firms selling computers in those regions over the last few years.
A．are falling B．have fallen C．has fallen D．is falling
5．— It’ll be the first time I ______ the subject.
— Don’t worry. It’ll be a bit difficult the first time you ______ it.
A．have taught; teach B．teach; have taught
C．will teach; will teach D．have taught; will teach
6．Growing up with a British father and a Chinese mother, I _________ food from both countries ever since I was able to hold a knife and fork and chopsticks.
A．enjoy B．enjoyed C．have enjoyed D．had enjoyed
7．In the past few years, many schools ________ the ways of doing morning exercises.
A．change B．are changing C．have changed D．will change
8．This is the first time that I ________ away from my family for such a long time.
A．am B．was C．have been D．had been
9．China’s high-speed railways________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.
A．grew B．have grown C．had grown D．grow
10．The reports went missing in 2020 and nobody ________ them since then.
A．sees B．saw C．has seen D．will see
11．More than 80 percent of the young people in this village ________ to find a job so far.
A．has gone B．went C．goes D．have gone
12．“Chinglish” is grammatically wrong, misspelled English written and spoken by Chinese; however, so popular _________ on the Internet that the phenomenon is generating its own specialists.
A．it has become B．has it become C．it is becoming D．becomes it
13．—Do you know Russian
—Yes, I ______ it for two years when I lived in Harbin.
A．has been learning B．have learned
C．was learning D．learned
14．In the past few years, the smell of baking ________ with that little alley.
A．associated B．was associated C．has associated D．has been associated
15．—What do you think is the best time to go on a summer trip
—Well, I think the best time is the first few days of the summer break when people________ anything yet.
A．haven’t done B．won’t do C．don’t do D．aren’t doing
16．Robert __________ me his address the other day, but I’m afraid I __________ it.
A．had given; lost B．has given; have lost
C．gave; have lost D．gives; lost
17．In the past two years, LiZiqi, an Internet influencer(网红) ________ a large fan base of more than 7 million on Youtube with her demonstration of a traditional Chinese lifestyle.
A．enjoyed B．had enjoyed C．would enjoy D．has enjoyed
18．The musician along with his band members ______ ten performances in the last three months.
A．have given B．will give C．gave D．has given
19．We ________ about 1600 English words so far.
A．learnt B．have learnt C．had learnt D．were learning
20．David is very productive and ________ five books in the past ten years.
A．writes B．wrote C．is writing D．has written
21．The teacher as well as the students in our senior high school ________ friendly to me in the past three months.
A．has been B．have been C．was D．were
22．The documentary A Plastic Ocean is so impressive that I ________it several times so far.
A．watched B．watch C．have watched D．will watch
23．The last twenty years ______ the steady improvements in the means of travel.
A．has witnessed B．was witnessed C．witnessed D．is witnessed
24．In recent years, the Everest Summit ______ many climbers trapped in the death zone above 8, 000 metres, unable to move freely and dying from lack of oxygen.
A．witnessed B．was witnessed C．has witnessed D．has been witnessed
25．The book________into thirty languages since it came out in 1973 and it is worth________again and again.
A．has been translated; reading B．had been translated; reading
C．has been translated: to be read D．had been translated; to be read
26．Not once ________ Bob Dylan ever ________ the time to ask himself if his songs are literature.
A．would; have B．did; have C．has; had D．was; had
27．His father ________ the party for more than 50 years.
A．joined B．has joined C．was in D．has been in
28．—It’s ten years since we came here.
—How time flies! We ________ in China for so long.
A．work B．worked C．will work D．have worked
29．It is the third time that the boy________.
A．was late B．has been late C．is late D．had been late
30．This is the first time that we __________ a film in the cinema together as a family.
A．see B．had seen C．saw D．have seen
31．Great changes ________ in the town since 1988.
A．have taken place B．have been taken place
C．has taken place D．has been taken place
32．I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ______ over the years.
A．made B．was made C．have made D．am made
33．A recent study found that the number of smartphone users ________ sharply over the past five years.
A．has increased B．have increased C．is increasing D．are increasing
34．Listening to loud music at live rock concerts ________ caused hearing loss in some teenagers.
A．are B．is C．have D．has
35．—Have you ever been to Shanghai
—No. In fact, this is the first time I ______this beautiful city.
A．visit B．visited C．had visited D．have visited
36．—This is the first time I ________ my first picture with my own hands.
—It is time that you ________ a picture for me.
A．took; took B．have taken; took C．took; will take D．will take; have taken
37．Germany is just one of the many EU states that ________ a rise in new cases.
A．has witnessed B．have witnessed C．witnessing D．to witness
38．—Are you terrified, Tom
—Yes. Never in all my life ______ such a horrible thing.
A．I have seen B．do I see
C．I see D．have I seen
39．－Are you excited now
－Of course. This is the first time that I ______ in such a beautiful garden city.
A．travel B．will travel
C．would travel D．have travelled
40．The river ______ such heavy pollution already, so it may now be too late to clean it up.
A．has suffered B．has happened C．has offered D．has filled
41．—I haven't heard from John for a long time.
—What do you suppose ________ to him
A．was happening B．to happen C．has happened D．had happened
42．He ________for us ever since he left school.
A．has been worked B．worked C．has worked D．was working
43．Increased light pollution globally means that the starry nights that once inspired artist such as Vincent van Gogh ________ much more difficult to observe over the past century.
A．become B．have become C．became D．are becoming
44．My deskmate is surprisingly intelligent. He_________himself all the lessons he missed since he was in hospital, as a result of which he remains among the top students despite his sick leave.
A．teaches B．taught C．had taught D．has taught
45．The number of people who own a car ______ in the past 10 years.
A．increases B．has increased C．increased D．have increased
46．She is one of the students who ________ got help from the old professor.
A．have B．has C．had D．is
47．It is the first time that he ________ to join us in a research.
A．agree B．has agreed C．agreed D．will agree
48．The fitness room ________ last year is the biggest one in my city, but I ________ to since I ________ ill.
A．being built: haven't been; had been B．having being built; hadn't been; was
C．built; haven't been; was D．built; hadn't been; had been
49．—Are you going to the museum, Alice
— No, I ________ to it already.
A．have been B．have gone C．had been D．had gone
50．So far we _____ half of the work. Hopefully, it will be finished at the end of this year.
A．will do B．are doing C．have done D．do
51．Great changes ______ in ShenZhen in the past few years.
A．were taken place B．have taken place
C．took place D．were happened
52．This is the first time that I__________ Xi'an and I am deeply impressed with its ancient buildings.
A．visit B．visited C．will visit D．have visited
53．—Do you know our town at all
— No, this is the first time I ______ here.
A．was B．have been C．came D．are coming
54．How happy we are! The winter vacation we have been looking forward to ________ at last.
A．has come B．coming C．having come D．come
55．Over the past two decades, with the popularity of western - style eating patterns, countries in Asia ________ the worlds largest increases in diabetes and heart diseases.
A．see B．saw C．has seen D．have seen
56．Professor James will gave us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where ________ yet.
A．hasn’t been decided B．haven’t been decided
C．isn’t being decided D．aren’t being decided
57．But this is the first time that I ______ an application and the personal resume, so I don’t know ______ there is something to pay attention to.
A．had written; whether B．wrote; what
C．have been written; why D．have written; if
58．Lately, a large number of relief supplies ________ sent to the disaster area and amounts of money ________ spent on post-reconstruction.
A．have been; have been B．have been; has been
C．were; was D．were; were
59．We ________ 1000 English words since we ________ to this school.
A．learn, come B．have learning, came
C．have been learning, come D．have learned, came
60．"Never________ anything like it!"said Mr Limbkins.
A．had I heard B．I had heard C．have I heard D．I have heard
参考答案：
1．A
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几年里，所有的市民都在努力使这个城镇变得更加美丽和文明。由“In the past few years”可知，句子时态用现在完成时，主语citizens是复数，因此空格处是have made，故选A。
2．C
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去10年里，拥有汽车的人数有所增加。空处应填谓语动词的形式，由时间状语in the past 10 years可知应用现在完成时，句子主语为The number，谓语动词应用单数形式。故选C项。
3．A
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：他是得到父母和孩子们信任的青少年心理学领域最著名的教育家之一。句中先行词 educators ，为复数形式，在定语从句中作主语，与动词earn之间为主动关系，所以用主动语态，谓语动词用have。故选A。
4．C
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：过去几年，在那些地区销售电脑的公司数量有所下降。根据时间状语over the last few years可知，句子应用现在完成时，the number of表示“……的数量”，作句子主语时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，即has fallen。故选C项。
5．A
【详解】考查现在完成时和一般现在时。句意：——这将是我第一次教这门课。——别担心。你第一次教的时候会有点难。“it is/will be the first/second... time (that)”句式中从句应用现在完成时。主句“It’ll be a bit difficult”中使用一般将来时，所以the first time引导的时间状语从句中应用一般现在时表将来。故选A。
6．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：与英国父亲和中国母亲一起长大． 自从我能够握住刀叉和筷子以来，我就一直享用着这两个国家的美食。根据句意可知，ever since 意为“自从……以来，”，需要接用现在完成式。本句是从过去到现在一直，故用现在完成式。故选C项。
7．C
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的几年里，许多学校已经改变了做早操的方式。主语many schools后缺少谓语动词，根据In the past few years可知，谓语用现在完成时。故选C。
8．C
【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意：这是我第一次离开家人这么长时间。此处为句型“This is the first time that +现在完成时”，表示“第一次……”。故选C。
9．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：中国的高速铁路在过去几年里从9000公里增长到25000公里。根据句意和句中“in the past few years”可知，句子应用现在完成时，谓语动词为“have/has done”，“high-speed railways”和“have”连用，“grow”的过去分词为“grown”，故空格处应填“have grown”。故选B项。
10．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：这些报告在2020年失踪，此后无人见过。结合语境和since then可知，此处用现在完成时。故选C。
11．D
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，这个村子80%以上的年轻人都去找工作了。根据时间状语“so far”可知，句子使用现在完成时。主语“More than 80 percent of the young people”表示复数含义，谓语动词也用复数。故选D。
12．B
【详解】考查时态和倒装句。句意：“中式英语”在语法上是错误的，中国人写的和说的英语拼写错误；然而，这一现象在互联网上非常流行，甚至产生了专门研究这一现象的专家。分析句子的结构可知，该句为so+adj. / adv.位于句首时的部分倒装；根据“the phenomenon is generating its own specialists(现象甚至产生了专门研究这一现象的专家)”，可知是过去所做的事情对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，故将助动词has置于主语it之前。故选B。
13．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：——你懂俄语吗？——是的，我在哈尔滨的时候学了两年了。根据when引导的时间状语从句可知，这是描述过去的事实，所以学习了两年俄语也是过去的事实，所以用一般过去时表示过去发生的动作。故选D。
14．D
【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：在过去的几年里，烘焙的味道一直与那条小巷子联系在一起。根据“In the past few years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。be associated with意为“与……联系在一起”，为固定搭配，主语smell为第三人称单数。故选D。
15．A
【详解】考查谓语动词的时态。句意：你认为什么时候去夏季旅行最好 嗯，我认为最好的时间是暑假的前几天，那时人们还没有做任何事情。设空处在when引导的定语从句中作谓语，根据时间状语yet，可知句子的时态为现在完成时，主语为people，结合主谓一致。故选A。
16．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：Robert那天把他的地址给了我，但恐怕我找不到了。分析句子，the other day意为“几天前”，由此可知“Robert给我地址”发生在过去，应用一般过去时；而“丢地址”这件事，对现在造成了影响，也就是“我找不到了”，故第二个空用现在完成时。故选C项。
17．D
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的两年里，网红李子柒在Youtube上展示了中国传统的生活方式，拥有了超过700万的粉丝群。由“In the past two years”可知，句子时态用现在完成时，主语LiZiqi是单数，因此空格处是has enjoyed。故选D。
18．D
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这位音乐家和他的乐队成员在过去三个月里进行了十场演出。根据后文in the last three months可知用现在完成时，且along with练级两个主语时，谓语动词应和前面的主语保持一致，句中谓语与The musician保持一致，the musician为单数，助动词have用三单形式has。故选D。
19．B
【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：到目前为止，我们已经学了大约1600个英语单词。根据so far可知，本句的时态应该用现在完成时，故选B项。
20．D
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：大卫非常多产，在过去的十年里写了五本书。根据时间状语in the past ten years可知，此处使用现在完成时。故选D。
21．A
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的三个月里，我们高中的老师和学生都对我很友好。根据句中时间状语in the past three months可知，用现在完成时。as well as连接两个主语时，谓语与前面的主语保持一致。主语The teacher 为单数，所以谓语动词用has。故选A。
22．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：纪录片《塑料海洋》如此令人印象深刻，以至于到目前为止我已经看过它好几次了。分析句子结构，空处在that引导的结果状语从句中作谓语，根据时间状语so far可知，从句应用现在完成时，即have watched。故选C项。
23．A
【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的二十年中，交通工具有了稳步的改善。根据句意和选项中的动词witness可知，该题中witness的意思是“是发生......的地点（或时间、组织等）；见证”，这时句子的主语多是表示时间或地点的名词，且用主动语态；由句子的主语是the last twenty years可知，句子表示从过去到现在见证了，句子应该用现在完成时。故选A项。
24．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：近年来，珠穆朗玛峰峰顶见证了许多登山者被困在8000米以上的死亡地带，无法自由行动，最终死于缺氧。根据时间状语In recent years，谓语动词应用现在完成时，主语为the Everest Summit，故助动词为has。设空处应用has witnessed，作谓语。故填has witnessed。故选C项。
25．A
【详解】考查时态和非谓语动词。句意：这本书自1973年出版以来已被翻译成30种语言，值得一读再读。根据时间状语since it came out in 1973可知，用现在完成时。be worth doing sth.值得做某事。故选A。
26．C
【详解】考查倒装句式。句意：鲍勃·迪伦(Bob Dylan)从来没有时间问自己，他的歌是不是文学作品。分析句式结构可知，否定副词not位于句首，句子要使用部分倒装，再根据句中once和ever可知，句子时态应该用现在完成时。故选C项。
27．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：他父亲入党已经50多年了。根据后文for more than 50 years可知用现在完成时，形式为have/has+动词的过去分词。join是一个瞬间动词，不能和完成时态用，所以我们应该用其相对应的一个持续性动词，即be in the party。故选D项。
28．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：——我们来这里已经十年了。——时间过得多快啊！我们在中国工作了这么久。根据后文for so long可知应用现在完成时，主语为we，助动词用have。故选D。
29．B
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：这是这个男孩第三次迟到了。It is the first/second…time that…是固定句型，意为“第一次或第二次做某事”，从句中应用现在完成时。故选B。
30．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：这是我们全家第一次在电影院看电影。This is the first time that...“这是某人第一次做某事”，that从句中要用现在完成时态。故选D。
31．A
【详解】考查时态。句意：自1988年以来，这个城镇发生了巨大的变化。根据时间状语“since 1988”可知，句子应用现在完成时，动词短语take place没有被动语态，故选A项。
32．C
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我喜欢来到这里，看到我的家人和我多年来结交的所有朋友。根据句意和句中over the years可知，句中指多年来结交的所有朋友，指从过去到现在为止结交的所有朋友，应用现在完成时，谓语动词为has/have done，“I”和“have”连用，“make”的过去分词为“made”，故空格处应填“have made”。故选C项。
33．A
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：最近的一项研究发现，在过去的五年里，智能手机用户的数量急剧增加。根据时间状语“over the past five years”可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成进行时态：have/has been doing，表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在，将有可能继续下去， the number of +可数名词复数作主语，谓语动词需用单数，所以此处助动词需用has。故选A。
34．D
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在现场摇滚音乐会听吵闹的音乐已经导致一些青少年听力丧失。此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响，使用现在完成时，排除A项和B项，主语为动名词短语，助动词用has。故选D。
35．D
【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意：——你去过上海吗？——没有。事实上，这是我第一次参观这么漂亮的城市。此处为固定句型：it is +the first/second...time (that) sb. have/has done“是某人第几次做某事”，that引导的定语从句用现在完成时，主语是I，助动词用have。故选D。
36．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：——这是我第一次自己拍照。——你该给我照张相了。短语：take a picture照相，根据句中“This is the first time+现在完成时…”这一句型，可知其所在句的从句要使用现在完成时；It is time that是……的时候了。该句型是常用语虚拟语气，从句中要用一般过去时，结合选项，故选B。
37．B
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：德国只是见证了新病例上升的许多欧盟国家之一。that引导定语从句，后面缺少谓语动词，可以排除C 、D。“见证”发生在is前，用现在完成时，that指代EU states，是复数，故选B。
38．D
【详解】考查倒装句和时态。句意：——你害怕吗，Tom？——是的，我一生中从来没有见过如此可怕的事情。否定副词never位于句首，句子应用部分倒装，排除A、C项；由“Never in all my life...(我一生中从未……)”可知，句子应用现在完成时I have seen，倒装将have提到I前。故选D项。
39．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：——你现在兴奋吗 ——当然。这是我第一次在这样美丽的花园城市旅行。分析句子可知，This is the first time that后接的从句应用现在完成时，即have travelled。故选D项。
40．A
【详解】考查时态。句意：这条河已经遭受了如此严重的污染，所以现在清理它可能已经太晚了。结合语境和时间状语already判断此处应用现在完成时，主语the river是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故选A。
41．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：——我们很长一段时间没有听到John的消息了。——你认为他发生了什么事？四个选项均表示“发生”，A. was happening过去进行时；B. to happen不定式；C. has happened现在完成时；D. had happened过去完成时。根据问句的时态可知句子使用的是现在完成时，因此答句也应使用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响。“do you suppose”是插入语，分析的时候可以忽略。故选C。
【点睛】
42．C
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自从他离开学校以来，他一直为我们工作。分析句意可知，句中关键词 ever since表示“自从”，后接时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，主句的主语he是第三人称单数形式，谓语动词用单数；综上分析，空处应该用现在完成时单数形式has worked。故选C项。
43．B
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：全球光污染的加剧意味着，曾经激发梵高等艺术家灵感的繁星之夜，在过去的一个世纪里变得越来越难以观测。根据时间状语“over the past century”可知，此处应用现在完成时。其基本构成形式是：have/has done。故选B。
44．D
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我的同桌聪明得出奇。自从他住院以来，他已经自学了所有他错过的课程，因此，尽管他请了病假，他仍然是最好的学生之一。根据时间状语“since he was in hospital”可知，主句使用现在完成时，其基本构成形式是：have/has done，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，主语He表明用单数。故选D。
45．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的10年里，拥有汽车的人数有所增加。根据后文in the past 10 years可知应用现在完成时，主语为The number of people ，助动词用has。故选B。
46．A
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：她是得到老教授帮助的学生之一。根据句意和下文的got可知，用现在完成时，who引导定语从句，指代先行词students，从句中作主语，故从句的谓语动词与students保持人称和数的一致，用复数，故选A。
【点睛】
47．B
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这是他第一次同意参加我们的研究。It is the first time that+主语+现在完成时态+其它，意为“第一次做……”，固定句型；由此可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态，主语是第三人称单数he，所以空处助动词需用has。故选B。
48．C
【详解】考查非谓语动词和动词时态。句意：去年建的健身房是我们城市最大的健身房，但自从我生病后我就没去过。分析句子结构可知，but前面的句子谓语动词为is，第一空需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词room，二者为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式，排除A项和B项；but后面的句子有连词since，主句使用现在完成时，从句使用一般过去时。故选C。
49．A
【详解】考查时态。句意：——爱丽丝，你要去博物馆吗？——不，我已经去过了。A.have been 已经去过了（现在完成时态）； B.have gone 已经去了还没回来（现在完成时态） ；C. had been 已经去过了（过去完成时态）；D. had gone已经去了还没回来（过去完成时态）。根据句中的already可知，句子用现在完成时态，而根据句意可知，我已经去过了博物馆，表示去了已经回来了。故选A。
50．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：到目前为止，我们已经完成了工作的一半。 希望今年年底能完工。根据上文so far可知应用现在完成时，故选C。
51．B
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几年中，深圳发生了巨大的变化。由“in the past few years”可知，句子时态用现在完成时，take place意为“发生”，无被动语态，主语changes是复数。故选B。
52．D
【详解】考查时态。句意:这是我第一次参观西安，西安的古建筑给我留下了深刻的印象。根据句型分析可知，此句考查This is the first time that sb. has / have done sth.意思为“这是某人第一次做某事”，为固定句型，所以此空应用现在完成时。故选D项。
53．B
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：——你了解我们的小镇吗？——不，这是我第一次来这里。固定句型“this is the first time+从句”译为：这是第一次……。在这个固定句型中，从句中的谓语用现在完成时的结构即“have/has done”，因为从句的主语是I是第一人称，故用have done。故选B。
54．A
【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：我们是多么幸福啊!我们盼望已久的寒假终于来了。分析句子可知，“we have been looking forward to ”为省略引导词that的定语从句，来修饰先行词the winter vacation，定语从句中的谓语用了现在完成时，所以主句中的谓语也应该用现在完成时,表示过去对现在造成的影响。故选A
55．D
【详解】考查动词时态辨析。句意：在过去的二十年里，随着西式饮食模式的流行，亚洲国家的糖尿病和心脏病发病率在世界上的增幅最大。本题的关键词是over the past two decades在过去的二十年中，该短语与现在完成时连用。主语是countries，是可数名词的复数，结合主谓一致原则，故选D
56．A
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：詹姆斯·威尔教授给我们作了一次关于西方文化的讲座，但何时何地还没有决定。句子的主语是when and where指一件事情的两个方面，仍然使用单数形式；根据yet说明使用现在完成时，助动词用has。故选A项。
57．D
【详解】考查固定句型和宾语从句。句意：但是这是我第一次写申请信和个人简历，因此我不知道是否有要注意的东西。根据句子结构和意思可知，第一个空考查固定句型“this is the+序数词+ time that+主语+现在完成时”的结构，表示“这是某人第...次做某事”的意思，故填have written；第二个空考查宾语从句，从句“there is something to pay attention to”中句子基本成分完整，和主句间需要“是否”的意思，故填if或whether。故选D。
58．A
【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：最近，大量的救灾物资被送到灾区，并且大量的钱被花在灾后重建上。根据句子结构和意思可知，句子的时间状语是“Lately”，所以句子的谓语用现在完成时的被动结构。第一个空的主语是“relief supplies”，可数名词复数形式做主语，谓语用复数；第二个空的主语是“money”，但是前面有“amounts of”修饰，所以谓语和amounts的形式保持一致，用复数。故选A。
59．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：自从来到这所学校，我们已经学了1000个英语单词。since引导时间状语从句时，主句时态用现在完成时have done，从句时态用一般过去时did，故选D。
60．C
【详解】考查部分倒装和时态。句意：“我从来没有听到过这样的事情！”利姆金斯先生说。Never是表否定的副词，位于句首，引起部分倒装，即助动词提到主语前面，因此排除B和D，根据句意可知，句子时态用现在完成时，表示在此之前没有听到过这样的事情，因此空格处为have I heard，故选C。应用文
1．假定你是某国际学校的学生，你校来自英国的交换生对中国的二十四节气非常感兴趣。请你用英文写一篇发言稿，在班会课上向他们重点介绍二十四节气中的立春。内容包括：
1. 中国传统阳历将一年分为二十四个节气。2023年立春节气从2月4日开始，到2月18日结束；
2. 立春的习俗包括吃春饼、放风筝、竖鸡蛋等；3. 邀请他们参加2023年的立春活动。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
参考词汇：节气solar term立春Start of Spring春饼spring pancake
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2．假定你是李华，你的加拿大网友Maria对中国传统节日重阳节很感兴趣，希望你给她写一封信介绍重阳节。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
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3．假设你是李华，与留学生Henry约好一起参观云南省博物馆，因故不能赴约。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表示歉意；
2. 说明原因；
3. 另约时间。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。
Dear Henry,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
4．假设你是学生会主席李华。外教Lucy结束在你校的任教，即将回到美国，你将在欢送会(farewell ceremony)上致辞。请根据以下提示写一篇发言稿：
1.回顾过往；2.表示感谢；3.表达祝愿。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可适当加入细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you for listening!
5．假定你是高三学生李华，你校上周举行了一场劳动技能大赛。请你为校英文报撰写一篇报道，内容包括：
1.比赛时间、地点;
2.比赛项目(如钉纽扣、烹调蔬菜);
3.活动感受。
注意：1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6．有外国人要来中国旅游，去广州之前想了解一下广州的情况。请你根据以下内容写一篇介绍广州的短文。
名称：广州，有“花城”的美誉；
历史：2200多年，是中国古代“海上丝绸之路”的发祥地；
人口：1600多万；
面积：7434.4平方千米；
位置：濒临中国南海，毗邻香港和澳门；
特点：广州旅游资源丰富，有著名的“羊城八景”，现以其迷人的风采吸引了来自海内外的游客。
注意：词数80左右。
参考词汇：海上丝绸之路Maritime Silk Road；澳门Macao；羊城八景Yangcheng Eight Scenic Spots
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7．某英文报“STORY”栏目正面向中学生征稿。请你用英语写一篇短文，描述自己成长过程中难以忘怀的一件事并投稿。 要点如下：
1. 简要描述故事发生的时间、地点、人物等；
2. 描述故事发生的过程；
3. 你的感受。
注意：词数80左右。
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8．你是高中口语社成员李津，为了招募新成员，让你录制一个视频，撰写视频的文字稿，要点如下：
1. 邀请大家加入社团 2. 介绍一下社团活动 3. 谈谈你加入社团以后的收获，可适当添加细节
参考词汇：Spoken English Club; English Speech Contest
注意：(1) 词数不少于 100;(2) 可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。
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9．假定你是某高中学生会主席李华，你校校园报最近在举行以“How to lead a healthy life”为主题的投稿活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，倡导大家讲究卫生、积极锻炼、健康生活。内容包括：
1. 写作目的；2. 倡导内容；3. 号召大家行动起来。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear fellow students,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
10．假如你是李华，你的好友Peter下周将要到你所在的城市北京旅游，因为学习原因你无法陪同，请你给他写一封电子邮件，要点如下：
1.表达歉意并说明原因；
2.推荐旅游景点（故宫博物院、长城、颐和园等）；
3.祝愿旅途愉快。
注意：
1.词数：80-100；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：
故宫博物院The Palace Museum 长城The Great Wall 颐和园The Summer Palace
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11．假定你是李华，上周五你校举办了以“如何讲好中国故事”为主题的演讲比赛。请你为你校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1.时间和地点；
2.比赛情况；
3.活动反响。
参考词汇： 讲好中国故事 Tell China’s stories well
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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12．假如你是一所国际学校的优秀毕业生，新学期伊始应一位班主任的邀请返校给高一新生作一简短演讲，内容如下：
1. 适应新环境，迎接新机遇；
2. 充分利用学校的各种资源；
3. 养成良好的学习习惯，有积极的心态。
注意：
1. 词数：80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear fellow students,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
13．假定你校正在举办主题为“文明习惯满校园”的倡议书征文活动，请你写一份倡议书投稿，内容包括：1. 发出倡议的背景；2. 倡议内容与理由。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
14．假定你是李华，你所在的学校上周末成功举办了一场有关阅读英文诗歌的活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道介绍此项活动，内容包括：
1. 活动目的：2. 活动内容；3. 活动的意义。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
15．你校英文报Youth准备面向全校学生招募校园记者，请你用英语写一篇招募启事，内容包括：
1.工作内容；
2.具体要求；
3.报名方式。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Reporters Needed
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Youth
16．假如你是李华，最近有幸参加了博鳌亚洲论坛的志愿者工作，你的美国朋友David看了你的照片后很想知道你面对多元文化时候的处理方式和感受，请你用英语给他写一封邮件，分享你的经历，内容如下：
1. 写信目的；
2. 面对多元文化的处理方式和感受；
3. 祝福。
注意：词数80左右。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
17．假设你是校广播站英语节目“Talk and Talk”负责人李华，请给外教Cathorine写邮件邀请她做一次关于美国多元文化的节目访谈。
内容包括：
1. 节目介绍；
2. 访谈的时间和话题。
注意：词数80左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
18．假设你是李华，近期你们学校英文报举办中美文化大碰撞的征文比赛，你对美国的唐人街很感兴趣，为此写信给美国朋友Jim了解美国唐人街的情况，请结合以上的文章提出自己的困惑，请对方回答。
主要内容包括：1.美国人眼中的唐人街是什么样的 2.唐人街的中美文化是否融洽
注意：词数在80左右。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
19．假定你是李华，准备参加学校月底举行的英语演讲比赛。请给英国笔友John写封邮件，请他帮忙指导。内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.描述困难；
3.期待获得帮助。
注意：1.字数80左右。
2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
Dear John,
How are you doing
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
20．假定你是李华。你在英语学习过程中遇到困难，请给你的美国笔友Terry写一封电子邮件，向他求助。内容包括：
1.告诉他你心中的苦恼；
2.询问他如何学好英语。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．One possible version:
Good morning, everyone!
Knowing that you are interested in the 24 solar terms, I am delighted to share more with you.
The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms, among which Start of Spring is the first of the year, beginning on Feb.4th and ending on Feb.18th in 2023. Start of Spring lifts the curtain of spring. In many parts of China, people observe the custom of “biting the spring” on the first day of Start of Spring by eating spring pancakes. Kite-flying is also a traditional folk activity. In China, it is believed that if someone can make the egg stand upright on the first day of Start of Spring, he will have good luck in the future.
I sincerely invite you to participate in our activities at this Start of Spring, and I am convinced that you will have a better understanding of Chinese culture.
Thank you!
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生用英文写一篇发言稿，向来自英国的交换生介绍二十四节气中的立春。包括立春的时间和传统习俗等。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→ happy/cheerful/pleased/glad
真诚地：sincerely → genuinely
参加、参与：participate in→ take part in/join in
确信的：convinced→ sure
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Knowing that you are interested in the 24 solar terms, I am delighted to share more with you.
拓展句：Since I know that you are interested in the 24 solar terms, I am delighted to share more with you.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms, among which Start of Spring is the first of the year, beginning on Feb.4th and ending on Feb.18th in 2023.（运用了介词+which引导的限制性定语从句和现在分词作状语）
【高分句型2】In China, it is believed that if someone can make the egg stand upright on the first day of Start of Spring, he will have good luck in the future.（运用了that引导的主语从句和if引导的状语从句）
2．Dear Maria,
Knowing you are interested in the Chinese Chongyang Festival, I’m glad to introduce it to you.
The festival falls on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. In Chinese culture, both the ninth day and month belong to “Yang”, which means positive. And “Chong” means double. Thus it is called “Chongyang”. People, especially the elders celebrate it in various ways from climbing mountains to appreciating flowers, hoping to improve health. The young often convey their respect and blessings to the elders. Welcome to experience the one day in China!
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于你的加拿大网友Maria对中国传统节日重阳节很感兴趣这一情况，给她写一封信介绍重阳节。
【详解】1.词汇积累
对……感兴趣：be interested in→ be keen on
高兴的：glad → pleased
各种各样的：various→ all kinds of
提高：improve→ enhance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Knowing you are interested in the Chinese Chongyang Festival, I’m glad to introduce it to you.
拓展句：Because I Know you are interested in the Chinese Chongyang Festival, I’m glad to introduce it to you.
【点睛】【高分句型1】In Chinese culture, both the ninth day and month belong to “Yang”, which means positive.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】People, especially the elders celebrate it in various ways from climbing mountains to appreciating flowers, hoping to improve health.（运用了现在分词作状语）
3．Dear Henry,
I am terribly sorry to inform you that I cannot manage to go the museum with you this Saturday. I have just found out there will be an important exam coming next Moday, for which I have to make some preparations during the weekend. I do apologize for any inconvenience this may cause you.
Actually, I have collected lots of information about the history and culture of Yunnan province and planned to share with you while visiting the musuem. Therefore, I wonder if it is possible for you to go with me next Saturday morning. If not, let me know what time suits you best.
Please allow me to say sorry again. And I am looking forward to your reply.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给留学生Henry写信，就不能与他一起参观云南省博物馆表达歉意并说明原因。
【详解】1.词汇积累
很，非常：terribly → very/extremely
告知：inform → tell
重要的：important → significant
因此：therefore→ thus
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I do apologize for any inconvenience this may cause you.
拓展句：I do apologize if this may cause you any inconvenience .
【点睛】[高分句型1] I am terribly sorry to inform you that I cannot manage to go the museum with you this Saturday.(运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] I have just found out there will be an important exam coming next Moday, for which I have to make some preparations during the weekend. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
4．Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen, Thanks for the chance to speak here on behalf of us all. Dear Lucy, we are all sorry to learn that it is time for you to return to America. Words cannot convey our endless love and respect!
During the last years, you’ve brought us not only valuable knowledge, but also numerous happy moments,which as if happened yesterday. We do appreciate the way of your teaching,which seems to have a magic appeal to us. It is your patient guidance that enables us to learn effectively and make great progress.
Thanks again for all you have done for us. Wish you a safe journey home and a happy life in the future.
Thank you for listening!
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以回顾过往、表示感谢及表达祝愿为内容写一篇发言稿来欢送结束在自己学校任教即将回到美国的外教Lucy。
【详解】1.词汇积累
机会：chance→opportunity
表达：convey→express
无止境的：endless→everlasting
宝贵的：valuable→precious
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Dear Lucy, we are all sorry to learn that it is time for you to return to America.
拓展句：Dear Lucy, we are all sorry when we learn that it is time for you to return to America.
【点睛】【高分句型1】We do appreciate the way of your teaching,which seems to have a magic appeal to us.(运用了which引导的非限制性导语从句)
【高分句型2】It is your patient guidance that enables us to learn effectively and make great progress.(运用了强调句型)
5．A labor skill competition was held on the playground of our school last Friday. All the students were excited about it and had been prepared for it with great passion.
The most popular activity around the girls—sewing buttons kicked off the competition. The competitors were sewing, sticking and attaching with their skillful hands. And the classmates were cheering and applauding. Then, the competitors participated in the “cooking vegetables” section. They won high praise from the audience with the flavor and their skills.
After the competition, the competitors realized that their living skills had been improved a lot. All the students enjoyed the competition and were aware of the hard work their parents did for them.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为校英文报撰写一篇关于劳动技能大赛的报道。
【详解】1.词汇积累
比赛：competition→contest
举办：be held→take place
激动的：excited →thrilled
热情：passion→enthusiasm
2.句式拓展
简单句变为复合句
原句：The competitors were sewing, sticking and attaching with their skillful hands. And the classmates were cheering and applauding.
拓展句：The competitors were sewing, sticking and attaching with their skillful hands, during which the classmates were cheering and applauding.
【点睛】【高分句型1】After the competition, the competitors realized that their living skills had been improved a lot.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】All the students enjoyed the competition and were aware of the hard work their parents did for them. （运用了省略that/which引导的限制性定语从句）
6．One possible version:
As is well known, Guangzhou is a city of much beauty. Located in the middle of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, the capital city of Guangdong, is an ancient city with a history of over 2,200 years. It was once the birthplace of “Maritime Silk Road”.
It covers an area of 7,434 square kilometres with a population of 14 million or so. Because it is warm and flowery all the year round, Guangzhou is also called “Flowery City”. Guangzhou neighbours the South China Sea and is in close proximity to Hong Kong and Macao. Since 1982, Guangzhou has been named as one of the first historical and cultural cities. Guangzhou has rich tourist resources such as Yangcheng Eight Scenic Spots, which is attracting more and more tourists from all over the world.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于说明文。有外国人要来中国旅游，去广州之前想了解一下广州的情况。请你根据以下内容写一篇介绍广州的短文。
【详解】1.词汇积累
位于：be located in→be situated in
被称为：called→named
丰富的：rich→abundant
吸引：attract→appeal
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：It covers an area of 7,434 square kilometres with a population of 14 million or so.
拓展句：It has a population of 14 million or so, which covers an area of 7,434 square kilometres.
【点睛】[高分句型1] As is well known, Guangzhou is a city of much beauty.(运用了as引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Because it is warm and flowery all the year round, Guangzhou is also called “Flowery City”. (运用了because引导原因状语从句和过去分词作后置定语)
7．One possible version:
It was one Friday. We were given a physics exam.
During the exam, I couldn’t work out a problem. So I took my mobile phone out and copied the answer on the Internet. However, I felt uneasy as I was afraid my teacher and classmates would find out about my cheating. After handing in the papers, I heard that none of my classmates had worked out the problem. I became anxious and began to regret what I had done.
Later that day, I learned the answer I copied was wrong. At that moment I felt a little relieved, and I told myself I’d never cheat in an exam again.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于记叙文。某英文报“STORY”栏目正面向中学生征稿。请你用英语写一篇短文，描述自己成长过程中难以忘怀的一件事并投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
解决：work out→figure out
不舒服的：uneasy→uncomfortable
安慰的：relieved→alleviated
开始：begin→start
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：During the exam, I couldn’t work out a problem. So I took my mobile phone out and copied the answer on the Internet.
拓展句：During the exam, I took my mobile phone out and copied the answer on the Internet because I couldn’t work out a problem.
【点睛】[高分句型1] However, I felt uneasy as I was afraid my teacher and classmates would find out about my cheating. (运用了as引导原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] After handing in the papers, I heard that none of my classmates had worked out the problem. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
8．Hi! My name is LiJin, a member from Spoken English Club. Now I would like to represent our Club to recruit new members.
As you can see, various activities are being held in our Club, such as English Speech Contest, and Poetry Repetition, etc. I have gained a lot from this fantastic Club, not only because it builds up courage and confidence in me by practising but also because communicating with others easily in English helps me make more friends.
If you are interested in oral English, you can join us to explore a new world, and become a new star in our Club. We are expecting your joining.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生依据高中口语社社团活动、自己加入社团以后的收获以及邀请大家加入社团为内容写一篇社团为了招募新成员而录制的视频的文字稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
极好的：fantastic→excellent
举办：hold→host
口头的：oral→spoken
对……感兴趣：be interested in→show interest in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：We are expecting your joining.
拓展句：We are expecting that you will join us.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As you can see, various activities are being held in our Club, such as English Speech Contest, and Poetry Repetition, etc.(运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】If you are interested in oral English, you can join us to explore a new world, and become a new star in our Club.(运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
9．Dear fellow students,
Do you expect to have a strong body and live a healthy life In order to keep healthy, we should do as follows.
First, keep good habits, such as washing your hands frequently. Second, have a balanced diet and keep away from junk food. It is in this way that you will be healthy as well as energetic. Last but not least, take exercise on a regular basis to build up your body and improve your immune system to resist illness.
As the saying goes, “Good health is above wealth.” Let’s take action and live a healthy life together.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以“How to lead a healthy life”为主题向校园报投稿，倡导大家讲究卫生、积极锻炼、健康生活。
【详解】1.词汇积累
期望：expect→desire
经常：frequently→regularly
精力充沛的：energetic→vigorous
增强：build up→strengthen
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In order to keep healthy, we should do as follows.
拓展句：In order that we can keep healthy, we should do as follows.
【点睛】[高分句型1] It is in this way that you will be healthy as well as energetic. (运用了强调句型：It is…that…)
[高分句型2] As the saying goes, “Good health is above wealth.” (运用了关系代词as引导的非限定性定语从句)
10．Dear Peter,
I’m sorry to inform you that I can’t keep you company as planned when you come to Beijing for a visit next Saturday. At that time, I have to study for the coming final exam.
I’m wondering whether you are interested in the Summer Palace, one of the most famous parks in Beijing, which is located in the western suburbs. It is easy to go there by bus, by taxi or by bike. When you arrive there, you can enjoy the magnificent halls and beautiful gardens in the park.
I sincerely hope that you will accept my apologies and that you will have a good trip.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给下周要来北京旅游的好友Peter写一封道歉信，表达不能陪他在北京旅游的原因并在故宫博物院、长城、颐和园等推荐一个旅游景点。
【详解】1.词汇积累
告知：inform →tell
陪伴某人：keep pany →accompany sb.
对……感兴趣：be interested in →show interest in
位于：be located in →lie in
2.句式拓展
简单句变强调句
原句：At that time, I have to study for the coming final exam.
拓展句：It is at that time that I have to study for the coming final exam.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m wondering whether you are interested in the Summer Palace, one of the most famous parks in Beijing, which is located in the western suburbs.（运用了whether引导的宾语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】When you arrive there, you can enjoy the magnificent halls and beautiful gardens in the park.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
11．An English Speech Contest
An English speech contest whose topic was How to tell Chinese stories well was held in our school hall at 3 p.m. last Friday with all the students and teachers in our school gathered there to enjoy the special activity.
Before the contest, colorful performances given by students were more than attractive. The contest consisted of three rounds. Many competitors made their speeches smoothly, and showed the audiences their talent and confidence.
This contest gave us a good opportunity to enhance our abilities of telling stories and deepen our understanding of our country and culture. More importantly, we get to know it is our responsibility to inherit and carry forward splendid Chinese culture.
【导语】本篇书面表达时一篇英文报道。要求考生为“如何讲好中国故事”为主题的演讲比赛写一篇英文报道。
【详解】1.词汇积累
非常有吸引力的：more than attractive →very appealing
包括：consisted of → was made up of
提高：enhance →improve
更重要的是：More importantly →What’s more
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Before the contest, colorful performances given by students were more than attractive.
拓展句：Before the contest, colorful performances which were given by students were more than attractive.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Before the contest, colorful performances given by students were more than attractive.（运用了过去分词作后置定语修饰名词performances）
【高分句型2】More importantly, we get to know it is our responsibility to inherit and carry forward splendid Chinese culture.（运用了that引导的宾语从句（that已省））
12．Dear fellow students,
Welcome to senior high school! The path before you leads to a world full of challenges: a new environment, new knowledge and new ways of thinking. When you rise to the challenges, you will have the opportunity to acquire great knowledge and enjoy personal growth.
First, take advantage of your classes, and make use of our school facilities. Join a club or two. And take an active part in different sports. Second, of equal importance are good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. Set clear goals, and carefully plan your study.
A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. In time you will find yourself growing into a well-rounded individual.
【导语】这篇书面表达是一篇应用文，演讲稿。要求考生以一所国际学校的优秀毕业生，新学期伊始应一位班主任的邀请返校给高一新生作一简短演讲。告知高一学生应该如何应对新学校、新生活。
【详解】1.词汇积累
机会：opportunity→chance
获得：acquire→obtain
首先：first→first of all
重要：importance→significance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The path before you leads to a world full of challenges: a new environment, new knowledge and new ways of thinking.
拓展句：The path before you leads to a world full of challenges, which include a new environment, new knowledge and new ways of thinking.
【点睛】[高分句型1] When you rise to the challenges, you will have the opportunity to acquire great knowledge and enjoy personal growth. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] Second, of equal importance are good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. (运用了of介词短语作表语放在句首，句子使用完全倒装的句型)
13．Dear schoolmates,
We can’t deny that it is common to see some uncivilized practices in our school, like people speaking loudly in a library or a classroom and wasting food without restraint.
Therefore, I would like to advocate a campaign against such behavior. Tougher regulations on public areas may help students behave themselves. Besides, it would also be sensible to put up more banners of encouragement to act good deeds, which can arouse students’ awareness to spread the beneficial habits.
As a teenager of the new era, let’s act jointly to make the glory of civilization shine in every corner of our school.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你校正在举办主题为“文明习惯满校园”的倡议书征文活动，请你写一份倡议书投稿，内容包括：1. 发出倡议的背景；2. 倡议内容与理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
普遍：common→general
因此：therefore→thus
此外：besides→in addition
有益的：beneficial→helpful
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Therefore, I would like to advocate a campaign against such behavior. Tougher regulations on public areas may help students behave themselves.
拓展句：Therefore, I would like to advocate a campaign against such behavior because tougher regulations on public areas may help students behave themselves.
【点睛】[高分句型1] We can’t deny that it is common to see some uncivilized practices in our school, like people speaking loudly in a library or a classroom and wasting food without restraint. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Besides, it would also be sensible to put up more banners of encouragement to act good deeds, which can arouse students’ awareness to spread the beneficial habits. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
14． To develop students’ interest in learning English, an activity about reading English poems was successfully held in the lecture hall of our school last week.
During the activity, students were invited to share the ideas of the English poems they had read and what they had got from reading them. Some of the students even recited beautiful sentences, which left a deep impression on others. After the activity, more students had a strong desire to read English poems.
All in all, it was a meaningful and impressive activity.
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。要求考生用英文写一篇报道介绍上周末学校举办的一场有关阅读英文诗歌的活动。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
邀请：invite→ask
观点：idea→opinion
获得：get→gain
总之：all in all→in a word
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：All in all, it was a meaningful and impressive activity.
拓展句：All in all, it was a meaningful and impressive activity, which made us learn a lot of knowledge.
【点睛】[高分句型1]During the activity, students were invited to share the ideas of the English poems they had read and what they had got from reading them.(省略了that的定语从句，以及what引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]Some of the students even recited beautiful sentences, which left a deep impression on others.(which引导的非限制性定语从句)
15．One possible version:
Reporters Needed
We are searching for outstanding student reporters. The job mainly includes two aspects: collecting news and writing it in English.
Requirements are as follows. Above all, you are expected to have a good nose for news and be able to write skillfully in English. Of equal importance are interpersonal skills, which enable you to cooperate with other team members effectively. You are more likely to get the job if you have relevant work experience.
Please submit your application form to the office of Youth before the end of this week.
Youth
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生用英语为你校英文报Youth准备面向全校学生招募校园记者写一篇招募启事。
【详解】1.词汇积累
寻找：search for →seek
优秀的：outstanding → excellent
合作：cooperate →work together
相关的：relevant → related
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：We are searching for outstanding student reporters.
拓展句：We are searching for outstanding student reporters who are suitable to work in our English newspaper.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Of equal importance are interpersonal skills, which enable you to cooperate with other team members effectively.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】You are more likely to get the job if you have relevant work experience.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
16．Dear David,
Learning that you wanted to know how I handle and feel when facing multiculturalism, I’ll tell your my experience of being a volunteer in Boao Forum for Asia.
I acted as a tour guide and took foreigners to some places of interest, which helped them to get a better understanding of Chinese culture. Meantime, I knew more about their cultures. It made me feel that I have built a bridge among cultures.
Being a volunteer was a valuable experience for me. Not only did I help others, but also I felt I could do something for my country.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国朋友David写信，告诉他你面对多元文化时候的处理方式和感受。
【详解】1.词汇积累
想要干某事：want to do sth.→feel like doing sth.
担任……角色：act as→serve as
同时：meantime→at the same time
帮助某人：help sb.→give sb. a hand
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Being a volunteer was a valuable experience for me.
拓展句：There is no doubt that being a volunteer was a valuable experience for me.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I acted as a tour guide and took foreigners to some places of interest, which helped them to get a better understanding of Chinese culture. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Not only did I help others, but also I felt I could do something for my country. (运用了部分倒装结构)
17．Dear Cathorine,
I am writing to invite you to attend our program “Talk and Talk” in our school broadcasting station at 7:00 p.m. next Friday.
The program with the theme “Culture differences” is intended to arouse students’ interest in different cultures.
In the program, you can communicate with our school students, which not only provides a platform for students to relieve their pressure and add spice to their dull routine, but also inspires their interest in western culture.
I’d appreciate it if I can receive an early reply about your final decision.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Cathorine写邮件，邀请她在校广播站英语节目“Talk and Talk”做一次关于美国多元文化的节目访谈。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：attend→take part in
目的是：be intended to do→aim to do
提供某人某物：provide sth. for sb.→offer sb. sth.
激发：inspire→stimulate
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The program with the theme “Culture differences” is intended to arouse students’ interest in different cultures.
拓展句：The program, whose theme is about “Culture differences”, is intended to arouse students’ interest in different cultures.
【点睛】【高分句型1】In the program, you can communicate with our school students, which not only provides a platform for students to relieve their pressure and add spice to their dull routine, but also inspires their interest in western culture. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】I’d appreciate it if I can receive an early reply about your final decision. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
18．Dear Jim,
Our school English newspaper will hold a writing contest on the cultural collision between China and the United States. I am very interested in the American Chinatown, so I want to ask you more about it.
I know that Chinatown is a place where Chinese people live and work abroad. But I still have some doubts. First, what does Chinatown look like in the eyes of Americans Second, whether the Chinese and American cultures in Chinatown are harmonious
I’d appreciate it if you can answer my questions quickly.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国朋友Jim写信，向他了解美国唐人街的情况。主要内容包括：1.美国人眼中的唐人街是什么样的；2.唐人街的中美文化是否融洽。
【详解】1.词汇积累
举办、组织：hold→organize
比赛：contest→competition
对……感兴趣：be interested in→have an interest in
首先：first→first of all
2.句式拓展
改为同义句
原句：I am very interested in the American Chinatown, so I want to ask you more about it.
拓展句：Because I am very interested in the American Chinatown, I want to ask you more about it.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I know that Chinatown is a place where Chinese people live and work abroad. (运用了that引导的宾语从句和where引导的限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】I’d appreciate it if you can answer my questions quickly. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
19．Dear John,
How are you doing I will participate in an English speech competition which will be held at the end of this month. But I have some difficulty preparing for it. So I am writing to you for help.
My biggest headache is how to choose a proper theme. As you know, too ordinary themes will not touch the audience. Moreover, my vocabulary is poor, so I am wondering how to compose an excellent speech with limited vocabulary. Finally, I hope you can recommend some relevant books to me.
I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友John写封邮件，请他帮忙指导你准备参加学校月底举行的英语演讲比赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
比赛：competition →match
参加：participate in →take part in
困难：difficulty →trouble
此外：moreover→ what’s more/ besides
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：My biggest headache is how to choose a proper theme.
拓展句：My biggest headache is that I don’t know how to choose a proper theme.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I will participate in an English speech competition which will be held at the end of this month.（运用了which引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】Finally, I hope you can recommend some relevant books to me.（运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句）
20．One possible version:
Dear Terry,
You don’t know how hopeless I’m feeling these days because I am not doing well in English. I’m writing to turn to you for help.
You know I have difficulty remembering English words. Can you tell me how to remember new words quickly and effectively so that I can enlarge my vocabulary Besides, I’m poor at English grammar, which makes me anxious. What can I do to improve my grammar Could you recommend a good grammar book to me I would appreciate it if you could do me a favor.
I’m looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国笔友Terry写一封电子邮件，就自己在英语学习过程中遇到的困难向他求助。内容包括：1.告诉他你心中的苦恼；2.询问他如何学好英语。
【详解】1.词汇积累
绝望的：hopeless→desperate
困难：difficulty→trouble
此外：Besides→What’s more
帮助我：do me a favor→give me a hand
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Could you recommend a good grammar book to me
拓展句：Could you recommend a good grammar book that is useful to me
【点睛】【高分句型1】Can you tell me how to remember new words quickly and effectively so that I can enlarge my vocabulary (运用了so that引导目的状语从句)
【高分句型2】Besides, I’m poor at English grammar, which makes me anxious. (运用了which引导非限定性从句)一般将来时
单项选择
1．— When the bus
— In ten minutes.
A．is … starting B．shall … start C．does … start D．is … about to start
2．My money ______, I must go to the bank to draw some of the savings out before I have none in hand.
A．has ran out B．has been run out
C．is running out D．is being run out
3．I ________ to you as soon as I ________ there.
A．write , will get B．wrote, got C．would write, get D．will write, get
4．—Do you know if he ________ to play basketball with us
—I think he will come if he ________ free tomorrow.
A．comes; is B．comes; will come C．will come; is D．will come; will come
5．—David, you look sick. What’s wrong with you
—I have a bad headache and I ________ to see the doctor right now.
A．went B．will go C．have gone D．go
6．There________a dolphin(海豚)show in the zoo tomorrow evening.
A．was B．is going to have C．will have D．will be
7．Either you or the headteacher _________ the award to the gifted students at the ceremony
A．is presenting B．are to present C．are presenting D．is to present
8．Jenny ________ on holiday now. I wonder when she ________ back.
A．is being; comes B．is; is coming C．will be; will come D．will be; is
9．There_________ a baseball game in our school the day after tomorrow.
A．is going to have B．will have
C．is D．will be
10．In the near future, there ________ self-driving cars in our city.
A．is B．was C．are D．will be
11．—You’d better take an umbrella. The weather report says it ________ in the afternoon.
—Thank you. I will put one in my bag.
A．is raining B．will rain C．rains D．has rained
12．I don’t know if it ________tomorrow. If it doesn’t rain, we will go for an outing.
A．rains B．will rain C．rain D．would rain
13．I will ________Peking University with a master’s degree in June of this year.
A．come up with B．graduate from C．graduates from D．comes up with
14．-Do you know if he________to play basketball with us
-I think he will come if he________free tomorrow.
A．comes; is B．comes; will come
C．will come; is D．will come; will come
15．How long do you think ________ the computer company brings a new product
A．it will be before B．will it be until C．will it be when D．it will be that
16．—We ________ to Yun Brocade Museum with the exchange students this coming summer holiday.
—That’s amazing!
A．went B．go C．have gone D．will go
17．If you really hold on to your dreams, they ________ true one day.
A．came B．comes
C．has come D．will come
18．Do you know if ________ back next week If he ________ back, please let me know.
A．he comes, will come B．will he come, comes
C．he will come, comes D．will he come, will come
19．Generally, only companies with stable growth of sales and solid stock prices over the past five years ________ on the list of the Best Big Companies by Forbes.
A．will remain B．have remained C．had remained D．remained
20．—Have you decided which university are you going to apply for
—Not yet. Before I make the final decision, I ______ it with my parents and my teachers.
A．discuss B．discussed C．was discussing D．will discuss
21．Just relax and be confident, and you won't _____ when you give your speech.
A．stumble B．jumble C．tumble D．rumble
22．I hear our teacher will be back ______ three weeks.
A．at B．in C．for D．after
23．Guess what! Our class_________ the film The Battle at Lake Changjin this evening! Here is my ticket!
A．have seen B．would see C．are about to see D．are seeing
24．— I want to know when Lucy ______ to my birthday party this Sunday.
— I don’t know. But I think she will tell me when she ______.
A．comes; comes B．comes; will come
C．will come; comes D．will come; will come
25．—Where is Alice The film will begin soon.
—Don’t worry. I ________ her right away.
A．call B．will call C．have called D．was calling
26．There________ a party this weekend.
A．is going to have B．are going to have
C．is going to be D．are going to be
27．— Have you finished your homework
— Not yet. But I ________ it in half an hour.
A．finished B．have finished C．will finish D．finish
28．Will you _____ and phone for me
A．favour me B．do me a favour
C．in favour of me D．ask a favour
29．_______ we call the First Aid Centre, the doctors ________ by and by.
A．No sooner; would come B．Sooner after; would come
C．Shortly; are coming D．Instantly; will come
30．If we study hard, ________
A．we had passed the exam B．we are passing the exam
C．we have passed the exam D．we will pass the exam
31．The Taliban have conquered Kabul in a twinkling and in no time ______.
A．the US army have evacuated from Afghanistan B．the US army will evacuate from Afghanistan
C．have the US army evacuated from Afghanistan D．will the US army evacuate from Afghanistan
32．—Did you tell Julia about the result
—Oh, no, I forgot. I _______ her now.
A．am going to call B．will call C．call D．am to call
33．It ________ a long time ________ they are ready for action.
A．can be, after B．will be, after C．can be, before D．will be, before
34．I’m afraid there ________ a meeting at 3 pm. It’s a pity I can’t join you.
A．was B．are C．has been D．will be
35．Take care! Don’t drop the ink on your shirt, for it ________ easily.
A．won’t wash out B．won’t be washed out
C．isn’t washed out D．isn’t washing out
36．If city noises ________ from increasing, people ________ shout to be heard even at dinner.
A．are not kept; will have to B．are not kept; have
C．do not keep; will have to D．do not keep; have to
37．Many students are ________ about football. They ________ play a game whenever possible.
A．crazy; will B．crazy; are going to C．fond; will D．fond; are going to
38．—Good news! The Underground Line 1 in Nantong________to come into service soon.
—That’s great! Transport will become much easier for us.
A．will be expected B．is expected C．expects D．is expecting
39．—I'm sure I will get good grades in the graduation exam.
—If so, I believe your parents________happy.
A．would be B．are C．were D．will be
40．--- Are you going to the cinema this evening
--- If you don’t go, ________.
A．neither do I B．Nor will I C．So will I D．So do I
41．The song writer and music composer _______ to show up at the press conference next week.
A．are going B．is going C．will be D．are
42．With the development of science and technology, robot cooks________ in our families in the future.
A．appear B．appeared C．will appear D．were appearing
43．I ________ Chinese dishes for my foreign friends tomorrow evening.
A．will cook B．have cooked C．cook D．cooked
44．As you go through this book, you________that each of the millions of people who lived
through World War Ⅱ had a different experience.
A．have found B．found C．had found D．will find
45．Either you or one of your students __________ to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.
A．is B．are C．will be D．was
46．—What a surprise! I _____________ you still away on holiday.
—But it __________only a fortnight before our new voluntary project begins.
A．think; is B．thought; will be C．had thought; was D．thought; is
47．The harder you________, the better progress you _________ .
A．will work；will make B．work; have made
C．work; will make D．will work; make
48．As you go through this book, you______that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience.
A．will find B．found C．had found D．have found
49．—I wonder if Doctor Watt ________ the party tonight.
—I don’t know，but I’ll let you know if he ________.
A．will attend；will come B．will attend；comes
C．attends；will come D．attends；comes
50．—Tom, the light is still on.
—Sorry, I forgot! I_______ to turn it off now.
A．am going to go B．would go
C．was going D．will go
51．It is believed that if a book is _________, it will surely _________ the reader.
A．interested; interest B．interesting; be interested
C．interested; be interesting D．interesting; interest
52．Mrs. Morris has left for London. She ________ a speech there next week.
A．has given B．will give C．gives D．gave
53．We have decided that either you or the headmaster ______ the prize to those gifted students at the meeting tomorrow.
A．is handing out B．are to hand out C．are handing out D．is to hand out
54．I ________ Beijing in a few days. Do you know when the earliest plane ________
A．leave for; takes off B．am leaving for; is taking off
C．am leaving for; takes off D．leave for; is taking off
55．I'll phone you if she ________ this evening. In fact, she didn't tell me if she ________.
A．would come; will come B．will come, came
C．comes; would come D．come; came
56．--It’s said that your company _____ in the project in the years ahead, right
--Well, we are conducting a comprehensive evaluation of it.
A．invests B．invested C．will invest D．would invest
57．—I have not heard from Mark for a long time. I'm quite worried about him.
—OK. I ___________ you know the minute I hear anything.
A．have let B．let C．would let D．will let
58．We are confident that the environment ________ by our further efforts to reduce production.
A．had improved B．is improved C．will be improved D．improved
59．— Have you finished your homework
— Not yet. I _______ it after dinner.
A．do B．am doing C．have done D．will do
60．A wonderful performance ________ in the school gymnasium next month.
A．is put on B．has been put on
C．will be put on D．was put on
参考答案：
1．C
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——公交车何时发车？——十分钟后。根据答语In ten minutes.可知，问句为一般将来时，此处问公交车的时间，按照时刻表运行的交通工具，用一般现在时表示将来。故选C项。
2．C
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：我的钱快用光了，我必须在手头没有存款之前去银行提取一些存款。从后句可知，我手头还有一点钱，但很快要用完了，所以这里可用现在进行时表示一般将来时，且run out表“花光”，不用被动语态。故选C项。
3．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：我一到那里就给你写信。句中含有as soon as引导的时间状语从句，此处表示将来发生的动作，时态遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来，故选D。
4．C
【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：——你知道他是否会来和我们一起打篮球吗？——如果他明天有空，我想他会来的。A.comes来； is是；B.comes来; will come来；C.will come来； is是；D.will come来； will come来。分析题意可知，问句中的if作“是否”解，引导宾语从句，此处指“会来和我们一起打篮球”，故从句的谓语动词用一般将来时；而答语中的if意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句。英语中，在时间、条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时时，状语从句用一般现在时代替将来时，在其他从句中无此用法，故本题应选C。
5．B
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——大卫，你看起来不太舒服。你怎么了？——我头痛得厉害，我现在就去看医生。分析语境“大卫头痛要立马去看医生”可知，go to see the doctor这个动作还未发生要用一般将来时；因为go to see the doctor这个动作在此语境中是客观上将要发生的事情且未经事先计划，所以用will do。故选B项。
6．D
【详解】考查时态和there be句型。句意：明晚动物园将有一场海豚表演。根据时间状语tomorrow evening，可知应用一般将来时，该句中表示“有”应用there be，故“将会有”用there will be。故选D项。
7．D
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：不是你就是校长在典礼上给有天赋的学生颁奖。结合句意此处表示将来的动作，应用一般将来时，be to do sth 表示“将要做某事”，either…or…意为“要么……要么……”，固定搭配，连接两个并列的名词或代词作主语时谓语动词的数依据临近原则，由空前的the headteacher，可知空处应用is to present。故选D项。
8．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：Jenny现在在度假。我想知道她什么时候回来。第一空表示目前的状态，用一般现在时；第二空表示将来的打算，用现在进行时表将来。故选B。
9．D
【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：后天我们学校将有一场棒球比赛。根据the day after tomorrow可知，本句的时态应该用一般将来时，再根据空格前的there可知，此处用there be句型表示“某处有某物”符合语境，所以空格处应该用there be句型的一般将来时形式there will be，符合语境。故选D项。
10．D
【详解】考查一般将来时。句意：在不久的将来,我们的城市将有自动驾驶汽车。根据In the near future可知用there be句型的一般将来时，其构成是there will be,故选D。
11．B
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：——你最好带把伞。天气预报说下午要下雨。——谢谢你。我会放包里一把的。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查says后面宾语从句的谓语动词，句子有时间状语in the afternoon，所以是表示将来的动作，用一般将来时。故选B。
12．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：我不知道明天会不会下雨。如果不下雨，我们就去郊游。if引导宾语从句，由tomorrow可知，描述将来发生的动作用一般将来时，故选B。
13．B
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析和时态。句意：我将于今年6月从北京大学毕业并获得硕士学位。come up with想出，提出；graduate from从……毕业。根据Peking University可知，这里指从北大毕业。结合句中will可知，用动词原形。故选B。
14．C
【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：——你知道他是否会来和我们一起打篮球吗？——如果他明天有空，我想他会来的。分析题意可知，问句中的if作“是否”解，引导宾语从句，此处指“会来和我们一起打篮球”，故从句的谓语动词用一般将来时；而答语中的if意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句。英语中，在时间、条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时时，状语从句用一般现在时代替将来时，在其他从句中无此用法，故本题应选C。
15．A
【详解】考查宾语从句和时态。句意：你认为电脑公司要多久才能推出新产品？根据句子结构，设空处+the computer company brings a new product放于动词think之后为宾语从句，宾语从句中要使用陈述语序，故排除B和C两选项。根据句意，it will be+一段时间+before+一般现在时，为固定句型，意为“还需要过多久才能...”，before之前表示事情将要发生，应用一般将来时。故选A。
16．D
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——暑假即将来临，我们将要和交换生一起去云锦博物馆。——那真是太棒了！A. went一般过去时；B. go一般现在时；C. have gone现在完成时；D. will go一般将来时。由该句时间状语“this coming summer holiday（将要到来的暑假）”可知此处应用一般将来时。故选D项。
17．D
【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：果你真的坚持你的梦想，总有一天会实现的。根据从句的谓语动词hold on to可知，从句用的是一般现在时。故主句应用一般将来时。故选D。
18．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：你知道他下周是否会回来吗？如果他回来，请告诉我。分析句子结合句意可知，第一句为宾语从句，空处为从句的谓语，从句时态遵循时间状语next week，应用一般将来时，宾语从句需用陈述语序；第二空为条件状语从句，空处为从句的谓语，主句为祈使句，此处时态应遵循“主祈从现”规则，时态用一般现在时，主语he为第三人称单数动词用三单。故选C。
19．A
【详解】考查时态。句意：一般来说，只有过去五年销售额稳定增长和股价稳健的公司将留在福布斯最佳大公司名单上。根据句意，此句表示“只有过去五年销售额稳定增长和股价稳健的公司才会留在福布斯最佳大公司名单上”，表示将来发生的事情，故用一般将来时。故选A。
20．D
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——你决定申请哪所大学了吗？——还没有。在我做出最后决定之前，我会和我的父母和老师讨论。根据句子结构，此处作谓语动词。由“Before I make the final decision”（在我做出最后决定之前），此句make为一般现在时，可推断“我和父母及老师讨论”应该是表将来时的动作，用用一般将来时加动词原形即will discuss。故选D项。
21．A
【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：只要放松和自信，你就不会在演讲时结巴。A. stumble结结巴巴地说；B. jumble混杂；搀杂；使混乱；搞乱；C. tumble跌倒，摔倒；D. rumble发出隆隆声。根据句意可知，此处表达放松和自信就不会因为演讲时的紧张而结巴。stumble“结结巴巴地说”符合句意。故选A。
【点睛】
22．B
【详解】考查介词。句意：我听说我们的老师三周后回来。根据句意可知，主句谓语动词hear后接宾语从句，从句为一般将来时。“in+一段时间”，将来时中表示“……后”。故选B项。
【点睛】
23．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：你猜怎么着！今晚我们班就要看电影《长津湖》！这是我的票！根据句意和句中“this evening”可知，句子陈述的是即将发生的事，应用一般将来时，“be about to do”表示“即将做某事”，“class”表示班级成员，与“are”连用，故空格处应填“are about to see”。故选C项。
24．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：——我想知道这个星期天露西什么时候来参加我的生日聚会。——我不知道。但我想她来的时候会告诉我的。第一句when引导宾语从句，宾语从句中，主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用相关时态，根据从句语境“这个星期天露西什么时候来参加我的生日聚会”可知宾语从句使用一般将来时。第二句when引导时间状语从句，主将从现，主句（she will tell me）一般将来时，从句一般现在时。故选C项。
25．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：——爱丽丝在哪里？电影马上就要开始了。——别担心。我马上给她打电话。根据句意和句中“right away”可知，打电话的动作还未发生，即将发生，马上给她打电话，故句子应用一般将来时，谓语动词为“will+动词原形”，“call”意为“打电话”，动词词性，故空格处应填“will call”。故选B项。
26．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：这个周末将有一个聚会。分析句子结合句意可知，此处使用的的there be句式表示“有”，由时间状语this weekend可知时态为一般将来时，所以应用there be的将来式：there be going to be，a party为单数，be动词应用is，故选C。
27．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：——你完成作业了吗 ——没有。但我将在半个小时内完成它。分析句子可知，空处为句子的谓语，根据语境和时间状语in half an hour 可知，时态应用一般将来时will do，故选C。
28．B
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：你愿意帮我一个忙，替我打个电话吗？根据do sb a favour（帮某人一个忙）结合句意，可知选B。
29．D
【详解】考查时间状语从句和时态。句意：我们一给急救中心打电话，医生很快就会来。根据句意分析句子可知，“we call the First Aid Centre”是时间状语从句，“the doctors ____ by and by”是主句，结合选项，副词instantly可用作连词，表示“一……就……”，可用于引导该时间状语从句，又因从句中使用了一般现在时态，根据“主将从现”的原则，主句中应使用对应的一般将来时态will come。故选D项。
30．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：如果我们努力学习，我们就会通过考试。if引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时代替将来时，主句用一般将来时。故选D。
31．B
【详解】考查语序。句意：塔利班在一瞬间就占领了喀布尔，美军很快就会从阿富汗撤离。in no time意为“立刻”，句子表将来要进行的动作，时态用一般将来时，因此排除A和C，in no time不表否定，因此句子不倒装，而D选项是倒装，因此正确答案是B，故选B。
32．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：——你告诉茱莉亚结果了吗？——我忘记了，我现在马上给她打电话。此处表示将来的动作应用一般将来时，且be going to do和be to do是指计划好去做的事；will do sth.表示说话人说话时临时做出的决定。结合语境可知此处是临时做出的决定，应用will do。故选B。
33．D
【详解】考查一般将来时和连词。句意：他们还需要很长时间才能做好行动准备。“it will be+一段时间+before”为固定句式，意为“在某事之前还需要很长时间”。before引导的时间状语从句中使用一般现在时，主句中使用一般将来时。故选D。
34．D
【详解】考查there be句型和时态。句意：恐怕下午3点有个会议。很遗憾我不能和你一起去。分析句子可知，句中涉及“there be”句型，根据句意和句中“at 3 pm”可知，句子陈述的是将要发生的事，故应用“there be”句型的一般将来时，句式为“there will be…”，故空格处应用“will be”。故选D项。
35．A
【详解】考查时态和主动表被动（固定用法）。句意：小心! 别把墨水泼到你的衬衫上，它将很难洗掉。根据语境，前面部分为祈使句“别把墨水泼到你的衬衫上”，其后接原因，常使用一般将来时，表示“如果泼了，将很难洗掉”，是对未来情况的一种预测；固定短语wash out表示“（颜色或污渍）可洗掉”，其不使用被动语态，而采用主动表被动的用法。综上，仅有A选项符合时态和语态这两个条件，故选A。
36．A
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：如果不阻止城市噪音的增加，即使在吃饭的时候，人们也必须大声喊叫才能被听到。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为“If”引导的条件状语从句，主句应用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，“keep…from doing”意为“阻止……做某事”，从句中“city noises”和“keep”之间为被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，空格一填“are not kept”，主句应用一般将来时，“have to”意为“不得不”，空格二填“will have to”。故选A项。
37．A
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析和时态。句意：许多学生对足球很着迷。只要有可能，他们就会踢。be crazy about (非常喜爱；对……着迷)；be fond of (喜欢)。be going to通常是早已经有计划、已决定好要去做这件事；will通常是对于这件事并没有非常明确的计划。根据句意，故填A。
38．A
【详解】考查时态。句意：——好的消息!南通地铁1号线预计将很快投入使用。——太好了!交通对我们来说会变得容易得多。由soon可知，句子用一般将来时，sb. be expected to do为固定短语，意为“某人被期望做某事”，因此空格处为will be expected，故选A。
39．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：——我相信我会在毕业考试中取得好成绩。——如果是这样的话，我相信你的父母会很高兴的。根据上半句可知，说的是未来的事情，应用一般将来时，故选D。
40．B
【详解】考查倒装结构。句意：——你今晚去看电影吗 ——如果你不去，我也不去。表示前面的情况同样适用于另外一个人，如果是肯定句，使用so+助动词/情态动词/系动词+另一主语；如果是否定句使用 neither/nor+助动词/情态动词/系动词+另一主语。根据“If you don’t go,”前半句是否定句，且if条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。故选B。
41．B
【详解】考查主谓一致和一般将来时。句意：这个歌曲作家兼音乐制作人将在下个星期的新闻发布会上露面。分析句子可知，主语the song writer and music composer表示“歌曲作家兼音乐制作人”的意思，是“a/the＋名词单数＋and＋名词单数”的结构，表示一个人(双重身份)，谓语动词需用单数形式表示，根据句中next week和空格后的to可知，谓语动词需用一般将来时is going to的结构。故选B。
42．C
【详解】考查一般将来时。句意：随着科技的发展，在将来我们的家庭将会出现厨师机器人。根据标志词in the future“在将来”可知应该用一般将来时，故选C项。
43．A
【详解】考查一般将来时。句意：明天晚上我要为我的外国朋友做中国菜。根据句中时间状语tomorrow evening“明天晚上”可知本句描述的是将来发生的动作，应用一般将来时，故选A项。
44．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：当你浏览这本书的时候，你会发现每一个生活在第二次世界大战中的人们都有不同的经历。根据As you go through this book可知主句用一般将来时，故选D。
45．A
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：不是你就是你的一个学生要参加明天举行的会议。根据时间状语tomorrow，可知表示将要发生的事情，用一般将来时，排除D。C选项结构错误，一般将来时或者用will + 动词原形，或者用be to do结构，排除C。由连词either…or连接的并列主语，谓语动词的单复数形式按毗邻一致的原则，与贴近它的主语一致，one of +可数名词复数 + 谓语动词单数，这是一个固定用法，故选A。
46．B
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——真是惊喜！我以为你还在度假呢。——但在两周之后我们的志愿项目才会开始了。第一空，表示过去某一时间发生的动作或所处的状态，应用一般过去时thought；第二空根据后文only a fortnight before our new voluntary project begins可知为“it will be+时间段+before”句型，表示“在……之后……才……”，故第二空用一般将来时。故选B。
47．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：你越努力工作，你就有越大的进步。本句是the+比较级...，the+比较级...句式，表示“越……越……”，是由形容词比较级叠加构成的条件状语从句，从句表示条件，主句表示由条件而引发的后果。在条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。故选C项。
48．A
【详解】考查时态。句意：当你翻阅这本书时，你会发现经历过第二次世界大战的数百万人中的每一个人都有不同的经历。因为在as，when，as soon as 等引导的时间状语从句中，当主句是一般将来时态时，从句用一般现在时代替，即“主将从现”，所以主句用一般将来时（will do）。故选A项。
49．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：——我想知道，Watt医生今晚是否会参加聚会。——我不知道，但是如果他来的话，我会让你知道。分析句子可知，第一句中if引导一个宾语从句，意为“是否”，主句使用一般现在时，从句应根据需要，使用相应的时态，根据“tonight”可知， 应使用一般将来时；第二个句子中if引导一个条件状语从句，意为“如果”，此时，时态遵循“主将从现”的原则，即从句使用一般现在时，故选B项。
50．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：——汤姆，灯还开着。——对不起，我忘记了！我马上就去关。根据语境可知“关灯”是将要发生的动作，所以用一般将来时，虽然will和be going to都可以表示将要发生的事，但be going to含“计划、准备”的意思，对于未经考虑的打算、只是临时之意，多用will，故D项正确。
51．D
【详解】本题考查形容词和动词时态。解题步骤：1.确定第一空：结合上文is可知，用形容词作表语，且修饰book应用-ing结尾的形容词，故第一空填interesting；2.确定第二空：第二空中缺少谓语动词，表示“使……感兴趣”应用动词interest，且will后跟动词原形，故第二空填interest。结合句意：人们相信，如果一本书是有趣的，它一定会引起读者的兴趣。故选D。
52．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：Morris女士已经去伦敦了。她下周将在那儿做一次演讲。由next week判断为一般将来时，故选B项。
53．D
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我们决定了要么是你要么是校长在明天的会议上把奖品送给那些优秀的学生。主句中用了现在完成时，宾语从句的时态要与主句一致，宾语从句可以根据需要使用任何时态，宾语从句中的时间状语为tomorrow，宾语从句要用一般将来时。宾语从句中主语由either...or连接，谓语动词要就近，the headmaster是第三人称单数。故选D。
【点睛】本题考查了be to do表将来。一般将来时的形式有以下几种表达：
be going to表示计划、打算做某事或者有迹象表明某事要发生。
be to do 表示客观的计划或者安排要做某事，比be going to更强调客观性。
be about to+动词原形，意为马上做某事，不能与tomorrow，next week等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。
54．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：几天后我要去北京。你知道最早的班机何时起飞吗 分析句子可知，根据句中的a few days可知，第一空应用一般将来时，结合选项，故应用am leaving for，表示位置变化的词用现在进行时表示一般将来时;第二空表示一般事实情况，故应用一般现在时表将来，故用takes off。故选C。
55．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：如果她今晚要来我会给你打电话。事实上，她没有告诉我她是否会来。结合句意可知，第一空处考查if引导的条件状语从句，因为主语是一般将来时，故从句用一般现在时表将来，主语she是第三人称单数，故动词用三单现形式，即comes；第二空处考查if引导的宾语从句，因为主句是一般过去时，故从句用过去将来时，即would come。故选C项。
【点睛】本题考查if引导的状语从句和宾语从句，当if引导状语从句时，意为“如果”，此时要注意主将从现原则；当if引导宾语从句时，意为“是否”，此时要注意宾语从句时态要根据主句和从句一起来确定。以本题为例：
根据句意判断第一空处考查if引导的条件状语从句，符合主将从现原则，主语she是第三人称单数，故动词用三单现形式，即comes；第二空处考查if引导的宾语从句，从句原本应用将来时，但因为主句是一般过去时，故从句用过去将来时，即would come。
56．C
【详解】考查一般将来时。句意：——听说你们公司在未来几年里会投资这个项目，对吧？——嗯，我们正在对它进行全面评估。时间是in the years ahead，也就是未来的几年时间，因此本句为一般将来时。故选C项。
57．D
【详解】考查一般将来时。句意：——我好久没有马克的音讯了。我现在挺担心他的。——好的，我一听到什么消息就会告知你的。分析语境可知，过去和现在都没有消息，收到消息告知“你”，这件事情只可能在未来发生，故使用一般将来时。此外，本题易误用虚拟语气，根据从句“the minute I hear anything”使用一般现在时，可排除主句使用虚拟语气。综上，故选D。
58．C
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：我们相信，通过进一步努力减少生产，环境会得到改善。根据语境可知，此事还未发生，且此处表示被动，故用一般将来时的被动语态。故选C。
59．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：-你完成了你的家庭作业了吗？-还没有。我将在晚饭后做作业。
使用will表示说话的当时临时想到的意图或临时作出的决定，计划在晚饭后这个将来时间来做这件事情，使用一般将来时态。故选D项。
60．C
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：下个月学校体育馆将上演一场精彩的演出。主语为a wonderful performance与动词put on之间为被动关系，因此为被动语态，且根据时间状语next month，故用一般将来时态，答案为C。用单词的适当形式完成短文
Complete the passage with a preposition + whom /which.
Among the many beautiful treasures people can receive from nature are natural dyes. The most common natural source ____1____ natural dyes come is plants. Materials for making natural dyes can often be found in gardens ____2____ colourful flowers are planted. Other natural dyes are made from insects, sea creatures and mineral compounds.
Natural dyes are now returning to popularity, especially with artists and craftspeople. The reasons ____3____ they prefer natural dyes are that the colours are brighter and can be kept longer. Natural dyes are also becoming more popular with consumers ____4____ caring for the environment is a priority. More and more people feel that by using natural dyes, we can remind ourselves of nature’s beauty and protect the natural world.
Complete the email with where, when or why.
From David Waters To Kay Silverman
Subject Back to nature
Hi Kay,
We’re having an amazing time here in South Africa. Our accommodation is perfect. It is in a location ____5____ we can watch animals wandering past on their way to the waterhole. Sunset is the time of day ____6____ we sit on the balcony and count how many giraffes or antelopes we can see. I guess this is the reason ____7____ this place is so popular. Next week, we are going to fly up to Zambia. That’s one of the countries ____8____ you can visit the famous Victoria Falls.
See you soon.
David
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
People are freer to travel as China’s transport sector has fine-tuned ____9____ (measure) to further smooth transportation and logistics from Wednesday to respond to the nation’s optimized (优化的) COVID-19 containment measures.
When ____10____ comes to traveling across regions and provinces, passengers are no longer required ____11____ (present) negative results of nucleic acid tests or health codes at public transport venues, according to an optimized guideline issued by the Ministry of Transport on Wednesday. Travelers now going through ____12____ (secure) checks can scan their identity card to enter the stations, ____13____ same procedure used before the epidemic.
A traveler from Tianjin to the capital told Beijing Daily that her Beijing health code returned to normal on Wednesday, ____14____ enabled her to buy a Tianjin-Beijing train ticket, “There were fewer passengers onboard ____15____ (compare) with the days before the epidemic but I believe their numbers ____16____ (recover) soon as more work and production have resumed already,” she said.
Railway services to Beijing from many places such as Zhengzhou of Henan province and Hohhot of Inner Mongolia autonomous region were ____17____ (temporary) canceled for fear of high infection risks, but they have resumed.
Up to now, nucleic acid test facilities ____18____ (remove) at Belling Fengtai railway station. More relaxed protocols have also been adopted at transport venues across the country.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The need for speed is so deeply rooted in modern society that we often forget to press pause and think about the things that get____19____(good)with time: antiques, aged wine, long-term relationships and expertise over the years.
Peking Opera is a slow process too. An often-repeated saying goes as follows: Three minutes on stage,10 years____20____ stage. It’s meant as a nod to its demanding nature and a reminder of its high standards that ensure that any performance____21____(do)the way the forefathers wanted it.
Peking Opera is demanding because of the extensive list of skills it____22____(require).A performer is an actor, singer, dancer, acrobat, mime and martial artist all rolled into one. They’re also expected____23____(apply) delicate make-up, put on heavy costumes and,____24____ (depend)on their character, perform on stage in 15cm platform shoes.
There is so much to take in____25____disciples(学徒)usually start their career as young children，spending years conditioning their bodies and minds for the stage.
So what chance does____26____theatre beginner with little patience and zero flexibility like me stand against Peking Opera Do I have what it takes to put on a____27____(success) show There’s only one way to find out: I’m rolling up my sleeves and training under the_____28_____(guide)of senior stage masters in the field.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It’s said that the Chinese characters were invented by Cangjie. They were deciphered (破译) in the Song Dynasty ____29____ whether these are the correct answers is still debatable.
In his life Cangjie observed mountains and rivers, footprints of birds and beasts, as well as shapes of plants and objects. Inspired by these, Cangjie invented various symbols ____30____ (base) on the shapes and ____31____ (appear) of different things and named them zi (character). These most ancient Chinese pictographs (象形文字) have ended the time ____32____ people tied knots to record their lives.
According to the Han Dynasty’s Chinese dictionary Shuo Wen Jie Zi, Cangjie wrote two scrolls, which ____33____ (lose) during wars in the Sui Dynasty.
Scholars in contemporary times tend ____34____ (believe) it is probably a beautiful tale that Cangjie invented the Chinese characters alone. Many Chinese characters actually came into being before Cangjie. He is more like the one who ____35____ (collect) Chinese characters. Chinese ancestors accumulated and developed the Chinese characters, updating them through hundreds of years, during which time the Chinese characters evolved from oracle bone script ____36____ bronze script, seal script, clerical script, and ____37____ (final) to standard script. Nowadays Chinese people commonly use the standard script, whose ____38____ (tradition) version was gradually simplified and modernized.
Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
I ____39____(hear)a strange sound for a while. It’s a deep, loud roar, like a lion’s. But there aren’t any lions here…Or are there Soon I see what ____40____(make) the noise: a howler monkey. Now I feel less worried. Realising that something ____41____(move) on my shoulder, I turn my head to look at it. Oh no! It’s a giant spider! I brush it off and it runs under some leaves. I try to bat away the huge insects, which ____42____(fly) around my head in a black cloud for quite a while.
I pull off the headset and I’m back in my living room. Thank goodness! I ____43____(give) the latest virtual reality headset and, for the last twenty minutes, I ____44____(use) it to explore the Amazon. This is an amazing experience and a reminder of how many species there are in the rain forest. We must do all we can to protect it.
Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Chinese artist Wu Guanzhong is ____45____(know) for his paintings using oils and also for those using the more traditional Chinese method of ink. According to Wu Guanzhong, his goal as an artist was ____46____(combine) Western principles of art with Chinese spirit, and his passion is ____47____(seek) a point at which the two could meet. To him, the important value of an artwork was ____48____(reflect)the art within the life of Chinese people, and ____49____(express) love of and responsibility to his motherland. Wu Guanzhong remained ____50____(interest) in exploring ways of expression, with his style changing and developing throughout his career. His life’s work is now ____51____(inspire) artists not only in China but across the world.
Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
At the age of ten, Liu Wei lost both his arms in an accident. Despite this, he wanted ____52____(live) life to the full. He learnt ____53____(use) his feet for everyday activities, such as eating and brushing his teeth. He also started ____54____(swim) and won two gold medals at the National Games for People with Disabilities. When he had to stop ____55____(swim) due to health problems, he decided ____56____(learn) to play the piano with his toes. It was difficult, but he kept ____57____(practice) until he had achieved his goal. In 2010, he won in China’s Got Talent and became famous nationwide. Today, Liu Wei still enjoys ____58____(play) music, and his positive attitude is an inspiration to us all.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are all kinds of poems in the world,from ancient times to nowadays. Some poems are used to express one’s love for their countries. Some poems tell a story or describe some-thing ____59____a way that will give the reader a strong____60____(impress). Others try to convey certain emotions.____61____(poem) use many different forms of poetry to express____62____(they). For example, the language of nursery rhymes is concrete but imaginative, and they delight small children because they have strong rhymes and a lot of repetitions. And list poems have____63____flexible line length and repeated phrases,which give both a pattern____64____ rhythm to a poem. In a word, different sorts of poems can express completely different attitudes and emotions.
Another simple form of poem is the acquaint(五行诗)，____65____consists of five lines and can convey a strong picture in just a few words. Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that____66____(make)up of 17 syllables(音节). And of course there are Tang poems from China which you may enjoy in particular.
With so many different forms of poetry____67____(choose)from,students may_____68_____ (eventual) want to write poems of their own. So why don’t you have a try
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Rob and Jane are classmates at a university. It is the beginning of the semester and time to buy books for various classes. Their university not only makes paper textbooks available but also offers digital textbooks to its students. Rob and Jane ____69____ (talk) about which type of book they prefer.
Rob: I think I’m going to study digitally this year.
Jane: What do you mean
Rob: Well, the majority of the textbooks I need for my classes ____70____ (offer) digitally. So I’m going to buy access in that form. That way I can study on my computer, phone or e-reader. The content is the same as a paper textbook.
Jane: Are you sure I’ve heard that not all textbooks are compatible (与……一致的) with all media devices. I had a friend last year who had some problems ____71____ (access) her books on certain devices.
Rob: Really I’ve never heard that. The people to ____72____ I talked said it was super convenient. Besides, my budget is very limited right now. The digital format costs less than half the price of the paper textbook.
Jane: True. But at the end of the semester, you can sell back a paper textbook. That way you can recover some of your money.
Rob: I also have to work most days after class. ____73____ (study) digitally means I don’t need to carry around a bunch of heavy books. So it would be much more convenient for me.
Jane: Convenience isn’t ____74____. I find it much easier to focus on what I’m reading in a real book. It’s also easier to follow a lecture and turn to the page that’s being discussed.
Rob: Yes, but I can access a page by searching for a word, so I can find it easily.
Jane: I find it easier to recall information I want to remember ____75____ I mark it in an actual book. Rob: But you can do that ____76____ digital material, too.
Jane: Have you ever had a textbook that you wanted to keep for future reference You know some textbooks are only available the semester you buy it. After that, you lose access to it.
Rob: Oh! I’ll have to look into ____77____ digital books I’d have permanent access to, then.
Jane: You know, I also read that when people read digitally their comprehension is weaker. People apparently read faster on a screen. But they don’t remember details as _____78_____ (well) as someone who reads it on paper.
Rob: I guess I’ll find out. Anyway, I’m going to try it.
Jane: Let me know how it works. I’m sticking with paper.
阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Yellow Crane Tower is one of the Four Great Towers of China. ____79____ (sit) at the top of Snake Hill, on the banks of the Yangtze River, this iconic building is one of the ____80____ (great) landmarks in Wuhan. There are a number of legends ____81____ tell how the Yellow Crane Tower came into being. One of them is the story of a wine merchant named Xin. It is believed that one day, ____82____ immortal being (神仙) pretended he was a poor man and got into Xin’s wine store. Xin, showing no judgement, ____83____ (offer) the man some free wine. The poor man came back day after day for several years and Xin always welcomed him with the same ____84____ (warm). One day, as the poor man left the store, he took some orange peel and drew a picture of a crane upon the wall. He said if he clapped his hands, the crane would come down from the wall and dance for him. ____85____ (surprise), what the poor man said was true. The dancing crane brought ____86____ much business to Xin that he soon became a very wealthy man. About ten years ____87____ (late), the immortal being came back to Xin’s store, called out the crane and left with it. ____88____ (honour) him and the crane, Xin built the Yellow Crane Tower.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify(识别)those of ____89____(great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel ____90____real sense of achievement. Leaving the less important things until tomorrow ____91____(be) often acceptable.
Most of us are more focused ____92____our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive as possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence ____93____you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.
Recent ____94____(study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks ____95____(regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for a while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.
If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely ____96____(bring) your work home. It could be anything — gardening, cooking, music, sports — but whatever it is make sure it’s a ____97____(relieve) from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入单词的正确形式。
Apple products have been used all over the world. There is no doubt ___98___ Steve Jobs is one of the most creative persons across the whole world. He is a genius who ___99___ (make) great contributions to our communications.
As every Apple fan was waiting for the next ___100___ (amaze) product, Steve Jobs, the founder and former CEO of Apple, passed away on October 5th, 2011 at the age of 56, after a long battle with cancer since 2004. The news came as ___101___ shock.
Jobs is remembered for some great products or programs, such as the iPad, the iPhone and the iPod. Steve Jobs made technology fun. He made computers interesting and easy ___102___ (use). His products are popular around the world. Some people even find ___103___ hard to go without a cellphone of Apple. The Apple products ___104___ (design) by Jobs have changed the way we enjoy music, television and even books. But Jobs brought much more to the world than these popular products. As a ___105___ (success) businessman, Job’s passion (热情) and energy inspired the world. He always told us to “do what you love”. He said “the only thing that ___106___ (keep) me going is that I love what I do.” People say Jobs sold dreams, rather than products. As the US president Barack Obama said, Jobs was “brave enough to think ___107___ (different), bold (大胆的) enough to change the world and talented enough to do it.”
Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
The Lake Poets were a small group of poets ___108___ (live) in the Lake District of England in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The Lake District, ___109___ (know) for its beauty, is in the north-west of England. The first of the poets ___110___ (come) there was Robert Southey, one of the most ___111___ (respect) poets of his time. He was followed by William Wordsworth, perhaps Britain’s most ___112___ (celebrate)19th century poet, and then Samuel Coleridge, who had written the ___113___ (pioneer) work Lyrical Ballads with Wordsworth. Soon, ___114___ (draw) both by its natural beauty and a desire to be near these famous poets, other poets came ___115___ (live) in the Lake District. All of these poets were seen as part of the Romantic Movement.
Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
___116___ (draw) inspiration from nature is a tradition that goes back centuries. Nowhere is this better illustrated than in the beautiful Lingering Garden of Suzhou. The main principle of its design is ___117___ (recreate) natural landscapes in miniature. First established in the Ming Dynasty, the original garden contained a rockery to symbolise Tiantai Mountain. Pine and bamboo groves were added later, along with a pond and an island. Visitors would be ___118___ (astonish) to find the garden modeled closely on natural features.
Visitors are also supposed ___119___ (explore) it scene-by-scene. This could vary from a view of a pond and the splashing of fish, to a tree in blossom, a pagoda or a moon-shaped gate.
Complete the film review with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Saving Private Ryan is a film directed by Steven Spielberg. The two main characters are Captain JohnMiller, played by Tom Hanks, and Private James Ryan, played by Matt Damon.
James Ryan is the fourth son in his family to be sent to fight in the Second World War. The enemy ___120___ (kill) his three brothers. Their heart-broken mother receives the news about all her dead sons on the same day. The US Army ___121___ (decide) to find Ryan and bring him home. A group of men are sent into the French countryside to try to find the fourth brother. The rescue team ___122___ (be) led by Captain Miller, a hero and survivor of the Omaha Beach battle. At the beginning of the film, the audience ___123___ (be) thrown into an incredible sequence of approximately 30 minutes, depicting the landings in Normandy. They see the full horror of war, and the chaos and senseless waste of life.
Saving Private Ryan is an unforgettable war film and, also, a story of courage and sacrifice. It’s my favourite film and my family ___124___ (love) watching it, too. The message of the film is simple-we want peace; we don’t want war.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Several days before July 28, 1976, many strange things happened in Tangshan. The water in the village wells rose and fell. There were deep cracks that ____125____ (appear) in the well walls. At least one well had some smelly gas ____126____ (come) out of it. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous ____127____ (eat), and dogs refused to go inside buildings. People were asleep as usual that night, didn’t think much of these.
At 3: 42 am, one of the most deadly ____128____ (earthquake) of the 20th century broke out. It destroyed the city and even caused damage in Beijing. In less than one minute, Tangshan lay ____129____ ruins. The number of people ____130____ were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400000. Later that afternoon, another big quake struck Tangshan again. More buildings fell down. Water, food, and electricity were hard to get.
But ____131____ the hope wasn’t lost. Soon after the quakes, teams were organized to dig out the tapped and bury the dead. Many more people, ____132____ (include) workers and doctors, came to provide help. Though all the efforts, the city began to breathe again.
Today, ____133____ new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins, which has proved to the entire world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a ____134____ (bright) future.
语法填空
Football is the most popular outdoor game all over the world. It is one of the oldest game and is played in many ____135____ (country).
As a sport____136____ helps improve concentration and creates team spirits, football requires a lot of physical ____137____ (strong). This game started from Italy where there was a village____138____ (call) Rugby and according to some sources, the game originated from China.
The game can be used ____139____ (reduce) stress and can be played by peopleof all ages. The game is played by hitting the ball ____140____ a foot so it is called football. So far, it ____141____ (become) a very popular game in many parts of the world. People are ____142____ (excite) to see their favorite team win.
There are different kinds of football rules known as “Football Codes”. However, the way that football is played is____143____ (actual) similar everywhere. It is played by two teams with eleven players in each team and two judges and each game lasts for 90 minutes, with_____144_____ break of 15 minutes. The aim of the players is to score and prevent the opposite team from making a goal.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
TikTok is known for is viral videos. But for Gen Zers, those born ___145___ 1995 and 2010, the app is increasingly becoming ___146___search engine, too.
Nearly 40 percent of Gen Z ___147___ (member) prefer TikTok for online searches, according to recent data___148___ (report) by the TechCrunch website. Gen Zers use TikTok for many search queries (查询), including recipes to cook, films to watch, hotels to stay at and nearby activities to try.
The main factor ___149___ makes TikTok a favorite among Gen Zers is ___150___ (it) speed and the added convenience. When search engines like Google take paragraphs ___151___(explain) something, TikTok does the same thing in a few seconds through a short video. “In a generation that is behind instant solutions, the ___152___(popular) of an app like TikTok is reasonable,” the website TechStory noted.
TikTok’s rise as a discovery tool is part of a broader transformation in the digital world. While Google remains the world’s most used search engine, people in Western countries are ___153___(typical) tuming to Amazon to search for products and Instagram to stay updated on trends. “As the digital world continues growing, the way to find information in it ____154____ (expand),” News Cinema commented.
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
In a bid to control the nation’s growing problem with food wastage, the South Korean government has started a unique initiative – “Pay as You Trash”. As of now, the South Korean government has three methods ____155____ place to charge citizens for the food thrown away. One is through a RFI card. When users tap this card over a specially designed food waste bin, the lid (盖子) will open, allowing them to dump their waste. The waste ____156____ (weigh) automatically and a bill is recorded in the user’s account which the user needs to settle on a monthly basis. Each RFI bin costs $1,500 and ____157____ serve 60 households.
The second billing method is through pre-paid garbage bags. These specially designed bags are priced based on volume. There’s also an electronic management system, ____158____ residents put food waste directly into the bin and pay for it by purchasing a special tag ____159____ (attach) to the bin.
Every household in South Korea is subject to one of these payment systems. ____160____ the new payment method affects you depends totally on how much food you throw away. Whatever system you use, you are sure to feel the pain of food waste. The more food you throw out, the more you end up ____161____ (pay).
And it’s working. Residents like Seoul housewife Ms. Kwan have found it necessary to adopt innovative methods to avoid food waste. She picks ____162____ wet out of leftover food before throwing it away. She also separates fresh produce and other food items into ____163____ (small) portions so that only the required amount is used up per meal. “ ____164____ the fees can be reduced, I’m willing to adopt any innovative method to avoid food waste,” she said.
参考答案：
1．from which
2．in which
3．for which
4．for whom
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们可以从自然界得到天然染料，且天然染料也越来越受到消费者的欢迎，因为这有利于保护环境。
1．考查定语从句。句意：天然染料最常见的来源是植物。“______”natural dyes come是定语从句，根据题目要求可知，此处应用介词+关系代词来引导定语从句，先行词是natural source，指物，且从句缺少状语，此处表示“来自”，应用固定搭配come from，所以应用from+which来引导，故填from which。
2．考查定语从句。句意：制造天然染料的材料经常可以在种植着五颜六色花朵的花园中找到。空处引导定语从句，根据题目要求可知，此处应用介词+关系代词来引导定语从句，先行词为gardens，指物，且从句缺少状语，“在公园里”，应用in which，故填in which。
3．考查定语从句。句意：他们选择天然染料的原因是颜色更鲜艳，可以保持更长的时间。“______they prefer natural dyes”是定语从句，根据题目要求可知，此处应用介词+关系代词来引导定语从句，先行词为reasons，且从句缺少状语，“因为这个原因”，应用for which，故填for which。
4．考查定语从句。句意：天然染料也越来越受到消费者的欢迎，对于消费者来说，关心环境是一个优先事项。空处引导定语从句，根据题目要求可知，此处应用介词+关系代词来引导定语从句，先行词为consumers，指人，且从句缺少状语，“对于消费者”，应用for whom，故填for whom。
5．where
6．when
7．why
8．where
【导语】本文是一封邮件。文章讲述了作者在南非旅游的愉快经历。
5．考查定语从句。句意：在这个地方，我们可以看到动物们在去水坑的路上游荡。先行词是a location，定语从句缺少地点状语，用where引导定语从句。故填where。
6．考查定语从句。句意：日落时分，我们坐在阳台上，数着我们能看到多少只长颈鹿或羚羊。我想这就是这个地方这么受欢迎的原因吧。下周，我们将飞往赞比亚。那是你可以去的国家之一著名的维多利亚瀑布。先行词是the time of day ，定语从句缺少时间状语，用when引导定语从句。故填when。
7．考查定语从句。句意：我想这就是这个地方这么受欢迎的原因吧。先行词是the reason，定语从句缺少原因状语，用why引导定语从句。故填why。
8．考查定语从句。句意：那是你可以去著名的维多利亚瀑布的国家之一。先行词是 one of the countries ，定语从句缺少地点状语，用where引导定语从句。故填where。
9．measures
10．it
11．to present
12．security
13．the
14．which
15．compared
16．will recover
17．temporarily
18．have been removed
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。为了应对中国优化的新冠肺炎防控措施，从周三开始，中国交通运输部门已调整措施，进一步畅通交通和物流，人们的出行更加自由。
9．考查名词的数。句意：为了应对中国优化的新冠肺炎防控措施，从周三开始，中国交通运输部门已调整措施，进一步畅通交通和物流，人们的出行更加自由。measure“措施”是可数名词，措施不止一个，故此处用其复数形式。故填measures。
10．考查固定句型。句意：交通运输部3日发布优化后的《跨地区跨省出行指南》，乘客在公共交通场所不再需要出示核酸检测阴性或健康码。when it comes to...“当谈到，当提到”是固定句型。故填it。
11．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处为require sb. to sth.的被动语态sb. be required to do sth.“某人被要求做某事”，不定式作主语补足语。故填to present。
12．考查名词。句意：现在通过安检的旅客可以扫描身份证进入车站，这与疫情前的程序相同。security check“安检”是固定词组，名词security作定语。故填security。
13．考查冠词。句意同上。same通常和定冠词the搭配，the same procedure“相同的程序”。故填security。
14．考查定语从句。句意：一位从天津到北京的旅客告诉《北京日报》，周三她的北京健康码恢复正常，这使她能够买到天津到北京的火车票。她说：“与疫情发生前相比，车上的乘客少了，但我相信他们的数量很快就会恢复，因为更多的工作和生产已经恢复。”空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为“that her Beijing health code returned to normal on Wednesday”，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
15．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。句中已有谓语动词were，故空处应填非谓语动词，逻辑主语passengers和compare之间为被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语。故填compared。
16．考查时态。句意同6小题。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，主句为一般现在时，从句陈述将来发生的事情，应用一般将来时。故填will recover。
17．考查副词。句意：由于担心高感染风险，河南郑州和内蒙古呼和浩特等地到北京的铁路服务暂时取消，但现已恢复。修饰动词canceled应用提示词的副词形式。故填temporarily。
18．考查时态。句意：截至目前，贝尔岭丰台火车站核酸检测设施已拆除。空处为句子谓语动词，结合语境和时间状语up to now判断为现在完成时，且主语nucleic acid test facilities和remove之间为被动关系，故应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是复数，故填have been removed。
19．better
20．off
21．is done
22．requires
23．to apply
24．depending
25．that
26．a
27．successful
28．guidance
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者作为一名京剧初学者对京剧的理解。
19．考查比较级。句意：对速度的需求在现代社会中根深蒂固，以至于我们经常忘记按下暂停键，去思考那些随着时间流逝而变得更好的东西：古董、陈年葡萄酒、长期的关系和多年来的专业知识。结合句意可知，用副词的比较级形式。故填better。
20．考查介词。句意：人们常说：“台上三分钟，台下十年功。” off stage台下。故填off。
21．考查时态和语态。句意：这是对其苛刻性质的认可，也是对其高标准的提醒，以确保任何表演都以祖先希望的方式进行。根据句中时态可知，用一般现在时。主语performance与do之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is done。
22．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：京剧要求很高，因为它需要大量的技巧。根据句中时态可知，用一般现在时。主语为it，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填requires。
23．考查非谓语动词。句意：她们还需要化精致的妆，穿上厚重的服装，根据角色的不同，还需要穿着15厘米厚的厚底鞋登台表演。be expected to do sth.被期望做某事。故填to apply。
24．考查非谓语动词。句意：她们还需要化精致的妆，穿上厚重的服装，根据角色的不同，还需要穿着15厘米厚的厚底鞋登台表演。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词。逻辑主语They与depend之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填depending。
25．考查状语从句。句意：舞台剧可以吸收的东西太多了，以至于徒弟们通常从孩童时期就开始了他们的演艺生涯，花数年时间为舞台剧训练自己的身体和思想。so…that…如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句。故填that。
26．考查冠词。句意：那么，像我这样缺乏耐心和灵活性的戏剧初学者，能有什么机会反对京剧呢 名词beginner为可数名词，泛指，且theatre发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
27．考查形容词。句意：我具备成功演出的条件吗 修饰名词show，前用形容词形式。故填successful。
28．考查名词。句意：只有一种方法可以找到答案：我卷起袖子，在资深舞台大师的指导下训练。the +名词+ of。under the guidance of在……的指导下。故填guidance。
29．but##yet
30．based
31．appearances
32．when
33．were lost
34．to believe
35．collects##has collected
36．to
37．finally
38．traditional
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要介绍了仓颉造字的传说以及相关研究。
29．考查连词。句意为：这些汉字已在宋代被破译出来，但是正确与否依然存在争议。分析句子结构可知，前后两个并列句之间存在转折关系，应填表示转折的连词but/yet。故填but/yet。
30．考查非谓语动词。句意为：仓颉受到这些观察的启发，发明了基于不同事物的形状和外观的各种符号，并把它们命名为“字”。分析句子结构可知，设空处作symbols的后置定语，且与symbols之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词。故填based。
31．考查名词。句意：同上。根据上文中的shapes和下文中的of different things可知，此处与shapes并列，应用名词复数形式appearances作宾语。故填appearances。
32．考查定语从句。句意为：这些最古老的中国象形文字结束了人们结绳记事的时代。分析句子成分可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为time，且从句中缺少时间状语，应用when引导定语从句。故填when。
33．考查动词。句意为：根据汉代的语文辞书《说文解字》所述，仓颉写了两卷(汉字)，这两卷都在隋朝的战乱中丢失了。分析句子结构可知，设空处作which引导的定语从句的谓语，事件发生在过去，且which指代先行词two scrolls，和lose之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态;定语从句的主语which为复数概念，从句谓语应用复数形式。故填were lost。
34．考查非谓语动词。句意为：现代学者往往会相信仓颉独自造字的故事可能是一个美丽的传说。tend to do sth. 为固定搭配，意为“往往会做某事”。故填to believe。
35．考查动词。句意为：仓颉更像是把汉字收集起来的那个人。根据句意可知，此处是当代学者对仓颉在汉字传承中所扮演的角色的客观描述，应用一般现在时；此处也可用现在完成时，强调动作的完成;分析句子结构可知，who引导的定语从句中缺少谓语，关系代词指代先行词the one，为单数概念，谓语应用第三人称单数。故填collects/has collected。
36．考查介词。句意为：中国的祖先们积累并发展了汉字，并于数百年间不断更新这些汉字，其间汉字由甲骨文逐步发展成金文、篆书、隶书，最后发展成标准汉字。from... to... 是固定搭配，意为“从……到……”，故填to。
37．考查副词。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，设空处作状语，应用final的副词finally，意为“最终地”。故填finally。
38．考查形容词。句意为：如今中国人普遍使用标准汉字，这些字的传统版本已经逐渐简化和现代化。分析句子结构可知，设空处后的version为whose引导的定语从句的主语，为名词，需要用形容词修饰，故填traditional。
39．have been hearing
40．is making
41．is moving
42．have been flying
43．have been given
44．have been using
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了作者通过虚拟现实技术在自己的客厅里探索亚马逊热带雨林的经历。
39．考查时态。句意：有一阵子我一直听到一种奇怪的声音。根据后文for a while可知，表示动作从过去持续到了现在，而且还可能继续下去，应用现在完成进行时。故填have been hearing。
40．考查时态。句意：很快我就看到了是什么在发出声音：一只吼猴。表示动作正在进行，应用现在进行时。故填is making。
41．考查时态。句意：意识到有什么东西在我的肩膀上移动，我转过头去看它。表示动作正在进行，应用现在进行时。故填is moving。
42．考查时态。句意：我试图用蝙蝠赶走那些巨大的昆虫，它们像乌云一样在我头上盘旋了好一会儿。根据后文for quite a while可知，表示动作从过去持续到了现在，而且还可能继续下去，应用现在完成进行时。故填have been flying。
43．考查时态语态。句意：我拿到了最新的虚拟现实头盔，在过去的20分钟里，我一直在用它探索亚马逊。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，应用现在完成时的被动语态，故填have been given。
44．考查时态。句意：我拿到了最新的虚拟现实头盔，在过去的20分钟里，我一直在用它探索亚马逊。表示动作从某一时间开始，一直到现在刚刚结束，应用现在完成进行时。故填have been using。
45．known
46．to combine
47．to seek
48．to reflect
49．to express
50．interested
51．inspiring
【导语】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了著名画家吴冠中。
45．考查动词语态。句意：中国艺术家吴冠中以使用油画和更传统的中国水墨画而闻名。Be known for表示“因……而出名”，为固定用法，故填known。
46．考查动词不定式。句意：根据吴冠中的说法，他作为一名艺术家的目标是将西方艺术原则与中国精神相结合，他的激情是寻求两者能够相遇的点。分析句子可知，此处用动词不定式作was的表语，说明主语his goal的内容，故填to combine。
47．考查动词不定式。句意：根据吴冠中的说法，他作为一名艺术家的目标是将西方艺术原则与中国精神相结合，他的激情是寻求两者能够相遇的点。分析句子可知，此处用动词不定式作is的表语，说明主语passion的内容，故填to seek。
48．考查动词不定式。句意：对他来说，艺术品的重要价值是反映中国人民生活中的艺术，表达对祖国的热爱和责任。分析句子可知，此处用动词不定式作was的表语，说明主语value的内容，故填to reflect。
49．考查动词不定式。句意：对他来说，艺术品的重要价值是反映中国人民生活中的艺术，表达对祖国的热爱和责任。分析句子可知，此处用动词不定式作was的表语，说明主语value的内容，故填to express。
50．考查形容词。句意：吴冠中一直对探索表达方式感兴趣，他的风格在他的职业生涯中不断变化和发展。分析句子可知，此处用形容词作remain的表语，修饰主语Wu Guanzhong，表示“感兴趣的”，故填interested。
51．考查动词时态。句意：他一生的作品现在不仅在中国，而且在全世界都激励着艺术家。结合句意和now可知，句子用现在进行时，空前有is，故用动词ing形式，故填inspiring。
52．to live
53．to use
54．swimming
55．swimming
56．to learn
57．practicing
58．playing
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述的是一个叫刘伟的无臂男孩，通过坚强的毅力和永不放弃的精神，最终成为一名钢琴家的故事。
52．考查动词不定式。句意：尽管如此，他还是想过充实的生活。固定短语want to do表示“想要做”，故空处需要用不定式的形式。故填to live。
53．考查动词不定式。句意：他学会了用脚进行日常活动。固定短语learn to do表示“学习做某事”，故空处需要用不定式的形式。故填to use。
54．考查动名词。句意：他还开始游泳，并在全国残疾人运动会上获得两枚金牌。固定短语start to do表示“即将要开始做某事”，即事情还没有做，还在准备阶段；start doing表示“开始做某事”，即事情已经开始做了。根据空后“and won two gold medals at the National Games for People with Disabilities.”可知，他已经学会了游泳，事情已经开始做了。故空处填动名词doing的形式作宾语。故填swimming。
55．考查动名词。句意：当他因为健康问题不得不停止游泳时，他决定学习如何用脚趾弹钢琴。固定短语stop to do表示“停止当前做的事情并开始做另一件事”；stop doing表示“停止正在做的事情”。根据空后“due to health problems,”可知，他因为健康问题，不能再游泳了。故空处填动名词doing的形式作宾语。故填swimming。
56．考查动词不定式。句意：当他因为健康问题不得不停止游泳时，他决定学习如何用脚趾弹钢琴。固定短语decide to do表示“决定去做某事”，符合句意，其中to do不定式表将来。故填to learn。
57．考查动名词。句意：这很难，但他坚持练习，直到达到他的目标。固定用法keep doing sth.表示“持续做某事”，其中doing为动名词作宾语。故填practicing。
58．考查动名词。句意：今天，刘伟仍然喜欢演奏音乐，他积极的态度激励着我们所有人。固定用法enjoy doing sth.表示“喜欢做某事”，其中doing为动名词作宾语。故填playing。
59．in
60．impression
61．Poets
62．themselves
63．a
64．and
65．which
66．is made
67．to choose
68．eventually
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同的诗歌形式。
59．考查介词。句意：有些诗歌以一种能给读者留下深刻印象的方式讲述故事或描述事物。结合句意及空后的 a way可知空处应填介词in，短语in a way 意为“在某种程度上”，固定搭配。故填in。
60．考查名词。句意：有些诗歌以一种能给读者留下深刻印象的方式讲述故事或描述事物。结合句意及空前的give the reader a strong可知空处应填名词形式impression，作宾语。故填impression。
61．考查名词。句意：诗人用许多不同的诗歌形式来表达自己。分析句子可知，空处应填名词作主语，poet“诗人”是可数名词，根据句意以及谓语动词用原形可知，用名词复数poets，作主语。故填Poets。
62．考查代词。句意：诗人用许多不同的诗歌形式来表达自己。结合句意可知，主语与宾语指代同一事物，空处应填反身代词形式themselves，作宾语。故填themselves。
63．考查冠词。句意：清单诗有灵活的行长和重复的短语，这为诗歌提供了模式和节奏。结合句意及空后的flexible line length可知空处应填冠词，此处表示泛指应用不定冠词a。故填a。
64．考查连词。句意：清单诗有灵活的行长和重复的短语，这为诗歌提供了模式和节奏。分析句子可知，which引导定语从句，根据句意，空前的a pattern和rhythm是并列关系，故应填并列连词and，both…and…意为 “两个都；既……又……”。故填and。
65．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：另一种简单的诗歌形式是五行诗，由五行诗组成，短短几句话就能传达出一幅强烈的画面。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为the acquaint，从句缺主语，指物，应用先行词which。故填which。
66．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：俳句是日本的一种诗歌形式，由17个音节组成。分析句子结构可知，that引导定语从句，从句作主语，指代 a Japanese form of poetry，make是从句谓语动词，此处为客观陈述且a Japanese form of poetry与make之间为被动语态，所以应用一般现在时的被动语态，且 a Japanese form of poetry是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填is made。
67．考查不定式。句意：有这么多不同形式的诗歌可供选择，学生们最终可能会想自己写诗。此处为with复合结构，动作表示将来且different forms of poetry与choose之间为被动关系，且with复合结构中应用不定式的主动表示被动。故填to choose。
68．考查副词。句意：有这么多不同形式的诗歌可供选择，学生们最终可能会想自己写诗。结合句意空处应填副词形式eventually，作状语，修饰动词want。故填eventually。
69．are talking
70．are offered
71．accessing
72．whom
73．Studying##To study
74．everything
75．if##when
76．with
77．which##what
78．well
【导语】这是一篇对话。罗布和简是大学同学。这是新学期的开始，是购买各种课程书籍的时候了。他们的大学不仅提供纸质教科书，还为学生提供数字教科书。罗布和简正在谈论他们更喜欢哪种类型的书。
69．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：罗布和简正在谈论他们更喜欢哪种类型的书。根据下文的对话可知，常常表示现在正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，主语为Rob and Jane，谓语用复数。故填are talking。
70．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：我上课需要的大部分课本都是数字化的。主语与谓语构成被动关系，陈述客观事实用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为the majority of the textbooks，谓语用复数。故填are offered。
71．考查非谓语动词。句意：去年，我有一个朋友在某些设备上访问她的书时遇到了一些问题。短语have problems doing sth.表示“做某事有问题”，用动名词作宾语。故填accessing。
72．考查定语从句。句意：和我交谈过的人说这非常方便。分析句子可知，此处为“介词+关系代词”结构的定语从句修饰先行词people，作介词的宾语，指人，故用whom。故填whom。
73．考查非谓语动词。句意：数字化学习意味着我不需要带着一堆沉重的书。此处作句子的主语，可用动名词或不定式，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Studying/To study。
74．考查不定代词。句意：方便并不代表一切。作表语，表示“一切”应用不定代词everything。故填everything。
75．考查状语从句。句意：我发现，当我在实际的书上做记号时/如果我在实际的书上做记号，我更容易回忆起我想记住的信息。此处可理解为条件状语从句，表示“如果”应用if；或理解为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”用when。故填if/when。
76．考查介词。句意：但你也可以用数字材料做到这一点。后跟名词作宾语，表示“用”应用介词with。故填with。
77．考查宾语从句。句意：那么，我得查一下我可以永久使用哪些/什么电子书。引导宾语从句，从句中缺少books的定语，表示“哪些”或“什么”应用which或what。故填which/what。
78．考查副词。句意：但他们不像那些在纸上阅读的人那样记住细节。修饰动词remember应用副词well。故填well。
79．Sitting
80．greatest
81．which##that
82．an
83．offered
84．warmth
85．Surprisingly
86．so
87．later
88．To honour
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了黄鹤楼的来历的一个传说。
79．考查非谓语动词。句意：地处蛇山之巅，濒临万里长江，这座标志性建筑是武汉的最伟大的地标之一。分析可知，“ 1 (sit) at the top of Snake Hill,”在句中为状语，动词sit与句子主语this iconic building为主谓关系，所以此处用现在分词，因处于句首，所以首字母大写。故填Sitting。
80．考查形容词最高级。句意同上。one of + 形容词最高级+ 名词复数“最……的……之一”，所以此处用最高级greatest。故填greatest。
81．考查定语从句。句意：有很多传说讲述了黄鹤楼是如何形成的。分析可知，空处及之后的内容在句中为定语从句，先行词为legends，指物，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which/that，故填which/that。
82．考查冠词。句意：据说有一天，一个神仙假装穷人进了辛的酒馆。此处表示“一位神仙”，且根据下文“pretended he was a poor man”可知，此处“immortal being”为单数含义，immortal的首个音素为元音，这里表示泛指，所以此处用不定冠词an，故填an。
83．考查一般过去时。句意：辛没有妄加评判，给了他一些免费的酒。分析可知，空处在句中为谓语，结合上文“got into Xin’s wine store”可知，此处的时态为一般过去时。故填offered。
84．考查名词。句意：这个可怜的男人日复一日地回来了好几年，辛总是以同样的热情欢迎他。形容词修饰名词，结合空前same，所以此处用名词warmth，且为不可数名词。故填warmth。
85．考查副词。句意：令人惊讶的是，这个可怜的人说的是真的。空处在句中作状语，所以用副词surprisingly，因处于句首，所以首字母大写。故填Surprisingly。
86．考查固定结构。句意：舞鹤给新带来了很多生意，他很快就成了一个非常富有的人。固定结构：so...that...“如此……以致于……”，结合句中“much business to Xin that he soon became a very wealthy man”，所以此处用so，故填so。
87．考查副词。句意：大约十年后，仙人回到了新的店铺，召唤了仙鹤，带着它离开了。根据句意，这里指十年后，later“以后”，故填later。
88．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了表示对神仙和鹤的敬意，辛建造了黄鹤楼。分析句子可知，空处及之后的内容在句中为状语，表示辛建造黄鹤楼的目的，所以用不定式to honour，因处于句首，所以首字母大写。故填To honour。
89．greater
90．a
91．is
92．on
93．that##which
94．studies
95．regularly
96．to bring
97．relief
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章就如何减轻工作压力给出一些建议。
89．考查形容词的比较级。句意：如果你在工作中因责任而感到压力，你应该退一步，找出哪些更重要，哪些不重要。分析可知，此处应用形容词比较级和后文less并列作定语。故填greater。
90．考查冠词。句意：然后，先处理最重要的任务，这样你会有真正的成就感。a sense of“一种……的感觉”是固定短语，不定冠词限定可数名词单数。所连接的单词发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
91．考查时态、主谓一致。句意：把不重要的事情留到明天做通常是可以接受的。本句描述一般事实，为一般现在时；动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数。故填is。
92．考查介词。句意：我们大多数人在早上比在一天的晚些时候更专注于我们的任务。 focus on“专注于”是固定搭配。故填on。
93．考查定语从句。句意：这会给你所需的信心，让你轻松度过下午，回家时感觉很有成就感。分析可知，此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the confidence，关系代词that或which引导从句，在从句中作宾语，指代事物。故填that/which。
94．考查名词复数。句意：最近的研究表明，如果我们经常休息一会儿，我们的工作效率会高得多。根据句意和后文show可知，此处应用名词复数作主语。故填studies。
95．考查副词。句意：最近的研究表明，如果我们经常休息一会儿，我们的工作效率会高得多。修饰动词用副词。故填regularly。
96．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你在办公室之外找到了自己喜欢做的事情，你就不太可能把工作带回家。be likely to do sth“可能做某事”是固定句型。故填to bring。
97．考查名词。句意：它可以是任何事情——园艺、烹饪、音乐、运动——但无论它是什么，都要确保它是一种缓解日常压力的方法，而不是另一件让你担心的事情。根据不定冠词a可知，此处应用名词单数。故填relief。
98．that
99．has made##made
100．amazing
101．a
102．to use
103．it
104．designed
105．successful
106．keeps
107．differently
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了史蒂夫·乔布斯的创新精神，以及他的发明对人们的影响。
98．考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问，史蒂夫·乔布斯是全世界最具创造力的人之一。分析可知，空处引导同位语从句对名词doubt进行补充说明，从句成分和意义都完整，应用连接词that引导。故填that。
99．考查时态。句意：他是一位天才，为我们的交流做出了巨大贡献。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，句子陈述过去的事实，应用一般过去时；也可看作过去的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，who指代先行词a genius，是单数概念，助动词用has。故填has made/made。
100．考查形容词。句意：当每一位苹果粉丝都在等待下一款令人惊叹的产品时，苹果公司创始人兼前首席执行官史蒂夫·乔布斯于2011年10月5日去世，享年56岁，他自2004年以来与癌症进行了长期的斗争。修饰空后名词product应用形容词，表示“令人惊叹的”应用amazing。故填amazing。
101．考查冠词。句意：这个消息令人震惊。shock作“令人震惊的人或事”讲时是可数名词，此处为泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且shock的发音是辅音音素开头，故填a。
102．考查不定式。句意：他使计算机变得有趣且易于使用。此处为固定句型：make+宾语+adj.+to do“使得某物做起来怎么样”，use的逻辑宾语是computers，故用主动表被动。故填to use。
103．考查代词。句意：有些人甚至觉得没有苹果手机很难生活。此处为固定句型：find+it+adj.+to do“认为做某事是……的”，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式。故填it。
104．考查非谓语动词。句意：乔布斯设计的苹果产品改变了我们享受音乐、电视甚至书籍的方式。分析可知，空处作products的后置定语，应用非谓语动词形式，design和逻辑主语products之间是被动关系，应用过去分词。故填designed。
105．考查形容词。句意：作为一个成功的商人，乔布斯的激情和活力激励了全世界。修饰名词businessman应用提示词的形容词形式。故填successful。
106．考查时态。句意：他说：“唯一让我坚持下去的是我热爱我所做的事情。”空处为定语从句的谓语动词，陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，主语that指代先行词the only thing，是单数概念，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填keeps。
107．考查副词。句意：正如美国总统巴拉克·奥巴马所说，乔布斯“勇于改变思维，勇于改变世界，并有足够的才能做到这一点。”修饰动词think应用提示词的副词形式。故填differently。
108．living
109．known
110．to come
111．respected
112．celebrated
113．pioneering
114．drawn
115．to live
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了18世纪末和19世纪初生活在英格兰湖区的湖畔诗人。
108．考查非谓语动词。句意：湖畔诗人是18世纪末和19世纪初生活在英格兰湖区的一小群诗人。分析句子可知，“(live) in the Lake District of England”作后置定语修饰名词poets，live是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语poets之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表示主动。故填living。
109．考查形容词。句意：湖区位于英格兰西北部，以其美丽而闻名。分析句子可知，“(know) for its beauty”作后置定语修饰名词The Lake District，应用形容词known构成形容词短语known for...作后置定语，意为“因……而闻名”。故填known。
110．考查非谓语动词。句意：第一个来到这里的诗人是罗伯特·索塞，他是当时最受尊敬的诗人之一。序数词后常用不定式作后置定语，the first/second...to do...意为“第一个/第二个做……的……人”。故填to come。
111．考查形容词。句意：第一个来到这里的诗人是罗伯特·索塞，他是当时最受尊敬的诗人之一。根据句意和空格前the most可知，应填入-ed形容词respected构成形容词最高级，作定语修饰名词poets，意为“最受人尊敬的”。故填respected。
112．考查形容词。句意：威廉·华兹华斯可能是19世纪英国最著名的诗人，塞缪尔·柯勒律治紧随其后，后者与华兹华斯共同创作了开创性的作品《抒情歌谣》。根据句意和空格前Britain’s most可知，应填入-ed形容词celebrated构成形容词最高级，作定语修饰名词19th century poets，意为“最著名的”。故填celebrated。
113．考查形容词。句意：威廉·华兹华斯可能是19世纪英国最著名的诗人，塞缪尔·柯勒律治紧随其后，后者与华兹华斯共同创作了开创性的作品《抒情歌谣》。根据句意，应使用形容词pioneering作定语，修饰名词work，意为“首创的，先驱的”。故填pioneering。
114．考查非谓语动词。句意：不久，其他诗人被湖区的自然美景所吸引，又渴望与这些著名诗人近距离接触，纷纷来到湖区居住。所有这些诗人都被视为浪漫主义运动的一部分。分析句子可知，“ (draw) both by its natural beauty and a desire to be near these famous poets”在句中作原因状语，draw是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语other poets之间是被动关系，所以应用过去分词表被动。故填drawn。
115．考查非谓语动词。句意：不久，其他诗人被湖区的自然美景所吸引，又渴望与这些著名诗人近距离接触，纷纷来到湖区居住。所有这些诗人都被视为浪漫主义运动的一部分。根据句意，“(live) in the Lake District”是“其他诗人来到湖区居住”的目的，应用不定式作目的状语。故填to live。
116．Drawing
117．to recreate
118．astonished
119．to explore
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了苏州留园完全是从自然中汲取灵感，模仿自然特征建造的。
116．考查非谓语动词。句意：从大自然中汲取灵感是一个可以追溯到几个世纪以前的传统。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词is，所以draw应该用非谓语动词形式，分析知，本句缺少主语，所以应该用动名词做主语，又位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Drawing。
117．考查非谓语动词。句意：其设计的主要原则是在微缩中再现自然景观。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词is，所以recreate应该用非谓语动词形式，根据句意知，此处表目的，应该用不定式做表语。故填to recreate。
118．考查形容词。句意：游客们会惊讶地发现这个花园完全是仿造自然景观的。分析句子结构可知，空前是系动词be，所以空处应填形容词，分析知，空处做表语修饰Visitors，修饰人，应该用v-ed形式。故填astonished。
119．考查非谓语动词。句意：游客还应该逐个场景地探索它。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：be supposed to do sth.意为“应该做某事”。故填to explore。
120．kills
121．decides
122．is
123．are
124．love
【导语】这是一篇影评，文章主要介绍了《拯救大兵瑞恩》这部电影。
120．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：敌人杀了他的三个兄弟。空处在句中作谓语，此处描述一种事实，应用一般现在时，且主语是the enemy，表示一个集合，是单数意义，谓语动词应用单数，故填kills。
121．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：美国陆军决定找到瑞安，把他带回家。空处在句中作谓语，根据上下文语境和句意可知，此处描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是The US Army，看成一个整体，表示单数意义，谓语动词应用三单形式，故填decides。
122．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：救援队由米勒上尉领导，他是奥马哈海滩战役的英雄和幸存者。句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是The rescue team，看成一个整体，表示单数意义，且主语和动词lead是被动关系，此处应用is和led构成一般现在时的被动，故填is。
123．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在电影的开头，观众被投入到一个令人难以置信的大约30分钟的片段，描述登陆诺曼底。根据上下文和句意可知，此处描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，由下文的they可知，主语the audience表示复数意义，此处应用are和thrown into构成一般现在时的被动，故填are。
124．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这是我最喜欢的电影，我的家人也喜欢看。根据上下文和句意可知，此处描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语my family强调个体，表示复数意义，故填love。
125．appeared
126．coming
127．to eat
128．earthquakes
129．in
130．who##that
131．all
132．including
133．a
134．brighter
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了唐山大地震的有关情景。
125．考查时态。句意：井壁上出现了深深的裂缝。空处在that从句中作谓语，由句意和主句were可知，此处描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填appeared。
126．考查非谓语动词。句意： 至少有一口井冒出了难闻的气体。句中有谓语had，且前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作宾补，宾语gas和动词短语come out of(从……出来)是主谓关系，动词come应用现在分词，故填coming。
127．考查固定搭配。句意：鸡甚至猪都紧张得不敢吃东西，狗也拒绝进入建筑物内。too+形容词/副词+to do是固定搭配，表示“太……而不能”，故填to eat。
128．考查名词单复数。句意：凌晨3点42分，20世纪最致命的地震之一爆发了。one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，表示“最……之一”，所以此处应用earthquake的复数，故填earthquakes。
129．考查介词。句意：不到一分钟，唐山就成了一片废墟。in ruins固定搭配，意为“一片废墟”，故填in。
130．考查定语从句。句意：在地震中死亡或重伤的人数超过40万。“______were killed or badly injured in the quake”是限定性定语从句，先行词为people，指人，且从句缺少主语，应用关系代词who/that，故填who/that。
131．考查不定代词。句意：但并没有失去所有的希望。根据下文描述，震后人们开始组织救援，城市开始恢复可知，此处表示“没有失去所有的希望”，all the hope表示“所有的希望”，此处all与not连用表示部分否定，故填all。
132．考查介词。句意：更多的人，包括工人和医生，前来提供帮助。此处是“介词+名词”作状语，应用介词including表示“包括”，故填including。
133．考查冠词。句意： 今天，一个新的唐山在地震废墟上建成，这向全世界证明，在灾难发生时，人们必须团结起来，显示出积极向上的智慧，重建更美好的未来。此处表示“一个新的唐山”，应用不定冠词来修饰Tangshan，且new发音是以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a，故填a。
134．考查形容词比较级。句意： 今天，一个新的唐山在地震废墟上建成，这向全世界证明，在灾难发生时，人们必须团结起来，显示出积极向上的智慧，重建更美好的未来。根据句意可知，此处表示“更美好的未来”，是未来的唐山和现在相比较，应用形容词bright的比较级brighter作定语，修饰名词future。故填brighter。
135．countries
136．which##that
137．strength
138．called
139．to reduce
140．with
141．has become
142．excited
143．actually
144．a
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了足球这一项运动的起源、流行度和一些基本规则等。
135．考查名词。句意：这是最古老的游戏之一，在许多国家都有。many之后应该用可数名词country的复数形式，故填countries。
136．考查定语从句。句意：足球作为一项有助于提高注意力和创造团队精神的运动，需要大量的体力。横线之后是限制性定语从句，修饰前面的先行词a sport，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作为主语，用关系代词which/that，故填which/that。
137．考查名词。句意：足球作为一项有助于提高注意力和创造团队精神的运动，需要大量的体力。形容词physical作为定语修饰后面的名词，用不可数名词strength，故填strength。
138．考查非谓语动词。句意：这项运动起源于意大利，那里有一个叫橄榄球的村庄，根据一些消息来源，这项运动源自中国。此处应该填入非谓语动词，作为后置定语，非谓语动词call和逻辑主语a village是被动关系，call用过去分词形式，故填called。
139．考查非谓语动词。句意：这个游戏可以用来减轻压力，所有年龄段的人都可以玩。be used to do sth.意为“被用来做某事”，该空用不定式形式，故填to reduce。
140．考查介词。句意：这种比赛是用脚击球的，所以叫做足球。a foot作为宾语，前面可以填入介词，表示“用”的含义，故填with。
141．考查时态。句意：到目前为止，它已经成为世界许多地方非常流行的游戏。根据时间状语So far可知，谓语动词become应该用现在完成时。且主语是it，故填has become。
142．考查形容词。句意：人们很高兴看到他们最喜欢的球队获胜。根据句子结构可知，are之后缺少表语，可以用形容词，且主语是人People，用修饰人的-ed形容词excited，故填excited。
143．考查副词。句意：然而，足球的比赛方式实际上在世界各地都是相似的。分析句子结构可知，此处应填入副词作状语修饰形容词similar，故填actually。
144．考查冠词。句意：比赛由两支球队进行，每队11名球员，两名裁判，每场比赛持续90分钟，休息15分钟。分析句子结构可知，可数名词break之前缺少冠词，表泛指，且break为辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，故填a。
145．between
146．a
147．members
148．reported
149．that##which
150．its
151．to explain
152．popularity
153．typically
154．is expanding##will expand
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。抖音以其视频传播快而且广而闻名，但对于出生于1995年至2010年之间的Z世代来说，该应用程序被更多地用作一个搜索引擎。
145．考查介词。句意：但对于出生于1995年至2010年之间的z世代来说，这款应用也日益成为一种搜索引擎。该空没有提示词，需要一个介词，这里可以用介词between表示在这两个时间段之间出生的人。between...and...固定搭配，表示“在…和…之间”，符合句意。故填between。
146．考查冠词。句意：但对于出生于1995年至2010年之间的z世代来说，这款应用也日益成为一种搜索引擎。本空后面是名词短语search engine，engine为可数名词，这里表示泛指，且search首字母的发音为辅音音素。应填不定冠词a。故填a。
147．考查名词复数。句意：据TechCrunch网站最近报道的数据显示，近40%的Z世代成员更喜欢用抖音进行在线搜索。member一词为可数名词，根据语境可知，Z代人有很多，应用复数形式。故填members。
148．考查非谓语动词。句意：据TechCrunch网站最近报道的数据显示，近40%的Z世代成员更喜欢用抖音进行在线搜索。该空需要用动词的过去分词形式作后置定语修饰名词data, data和report之间是被动关系。故填reported。
149．考查定语从句。句意：让TikTok受到z世代喜爱的主要因素是它的速度和额外的便利性。分析句子，该空需要一个关系代词that或which引导定语从句修饰先行词factor，并指代先行词在定语从句中作主语。故填that/which。
150．考查代词。句意：让TikTok受到z世代喜爱的主要因素是它的速度和额外的便利性。本空后面是名词speed和convenience，因此这里填入形容词性物主代词its指代“抖音的”来作定语修饰speed和convenience。故填its。
151．考查非谓语动词。句意：当像谷歌这样的搜索引擎用大段文字来解释某事时，TikTok会在几秒钟内通过短视频来做同样的事情。分析句子结构可知，该空所给动词应使用不定式形式来做目的状语。故填to explain。
152．考查名词。句意：在一个追求即时解决方案的时代，像TikTok这样的应用程序的流行是合理的。根据空前面的定冠词the可知，这里需要一个名词作主语。所给词popular为形容词，其名词拼写为popularity。故填popularity。
153．考查副词。句意：虽然谷歌仍然是世界上使用最多的搜索引擎，但西方国家的人们通常会转向亚马逊搜索产品，去Instagram了解最新趋势。该空需要一个副词修饰动词短语turn to，所给词typical为形容词，其副词形式typically符合题意，意为“通常，一般情况下”。故填typically。
154．考查时态。句意：随着数字世界的不断发展，在其中寻找信息的方式也在不断扩展。所给动词expand在句子作谓语，主语为单数名词the way；前面前面时间状语从句“随着数字世界的发展”，后面主句表示“搜寻信息的方式也在不断扩展或将很快扩展”。这里用现在进行时最佳，也可用一般将来时。故填is expanding/will expand。
155．in
156．is weighed
157．can
158．where
159．attached
160．Whether
161．paying
162．anything
163．smaller
164．If
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是为控制国内不断加重的食物浪费问题，韩国政府推出了一项特别举措——“为食物垃圾买单”。
155．考查介词。句意：到目前为止，韩国政府有三种方法向市民收取丢弃食物的费用。由“the South Korean government has three methods”可知，此处表示“韩国政府有三种方法向市民收取丢弃食物的费用”，“have sth. in place”意为“拥有”，因此空格处是介词in，故填in。
156．考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：垃圾会自动称重，账单会记录在用户的账户上，用户需要每月进行结算。垃圾被称重，句子描述客观事实，因此空格处是一般现在时的被动语态，主语waste是不可数名词，因此空格处是is weighed。故填is weighed。
157．考查情态动词。句意：每个RFI垃圾桶价值1500美元，可以为60个家庭提供服务。空后serve是原形，空格处用情态动词，根据语境可知，句子表示“每个RFI垃圾桶价值1500美元，可以为60个家庭提供服务”，空格处意为“能够，可以”，表示一种能力，用情态动词can，故填can。
158．考查定语从句。句意：还有一个电子管理系统，居民可以直接把食物垃圾扔进垃圾桶，并通过购买贴在垃圾桶上的特殊标签来支付费用。分析可知，空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词system是抽象地点，因此空格处用关系副词where引导定语从句，故填where。
159．考查非谓语动词。句意：还有一个电子管理系统，居民可以直接把食物垃圾扔进垃圾桶，并通过购买贴在垃圾桶上的特殊标签来支付费用。句中谓语是put...and pay，空格处用非谓语动词，tag和attach之间是逻辑动宾关系，空格处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填attached。
160．考查主语从句。句意：新的支付方式是否会影响你完全取决于你扔掉了多少食物。空格处引导的是主语从句，由“depends totally on how much food you throw away”可知，句子表示“新的支付方式是否会影响你完全取决于你扔掉了多少食物”，空格处意为“是否”，用whether引导主语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Whether。
161．考查动名词。句意：你扔掉的食物越多，最终付出的代价就越多。end up doing是固定短语，意为“最后做某事”，因此空格处用动名词paying作宾语，故填paying。
162．考查代词。句意：她从吃剩的食物中挑出任何湿漉漉的东西，然后扔掉。由“before throwing it away”及常识可知，句子表示“她从吃剩的食物中挑出任何湿漉漉的东西，然后扔掉”，空格处意为“任何东西”，是anything。故填anything。
163．考查比较级。句意：她还把新鲜农产品和其他食物分成小份，这样每餐只吃所需的量。由“so that only the required amount is used up per meal”可知，她还把新鲜农产品和其他食物分成小份，这样每餐只吃所需的量，空格处意为“更小的”，用比较级smaller。故填smaller。
164．考查状语从句。句意：她说：“如果能降低费用，我愿意采取任何创新的方法来避免食物浪费。”根据语境可知，句子表示“如果能降低费用，我愿意采取任何创新的方法来避免食物浪费”，空格处意为“如果”，用if引导条件状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填If。阅读表达
Read the introduction to UN peacekeeping and answer the questions. Pay attention to the words and expressions in bold.
The cruelty of war is reason enough to do everything we can to prevent it. This is the motivation behind the United Nation's many peacekeeping missions. Peacekeepers monitor the peace process in areas that have experienced friction and civil wars, making sure that previously warring parties keep to their agreements. They work to disarm combatants and to secure weapons and ammunition, removing them from use. These measures aim to give stability to conflict zones and allow governments to reestablish authority. China is playing an increasingly important role in UN peacekeeping and it has trained 8, 000 troops who are kept on standby for UN missions. Chinese peacekeeping forces are highly-valued in conflict zones and have received praise for their professionalism.
1．What is the significance of UN peacekeeping missions
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2．What role is China playing in UN peacekeeping
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Read the story and answer the questions.
The Meaning of Struggle
One day, a man found the pupa of a butterfly. Seeing an opening in the pupa, he realised that the butterfly was ready to emerge. So he sat down and watched as the butterfly struggled to force its body through the little hole. However, minutes passed and the butterfly still couldn’t get out. The struggle was too hard for its weak body. The man then kindly enlarged the hole in the pupa so that the butterfly could finally break free. But instead of flying away, it just dragged itself around weakly, then died. The struggle to break out of the pupa was necessary for the butterfly’s survival because it enabled its wings and body to grow strong. Without the struggle, it was too weak to live. In the same way, we need struggle to grow strong and survive. We must go through some difficult things if we really wish to spread our wings and fly.
3．What does a butterfly do to get out of its pupa
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4．Why did the man think he needed to help the butterfly
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5．What happened to the butterfly after the man enlarged the hole in the pupa
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6．What is the lesson behind this story What else can you learn from it
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Read the paragraph and answer the questions. Pay attention to the words in bold.
There is no month in the whole year in which nature wears a more beautiful appearance than in the month of August. Spring has many beauties, and May is a fresh and blooming month, but the charms of this time of year are enhanced by their contrast with the winter season. August has no such advantage. It comes when we remember nothing but clear skies, green fields, and sweet-smelling flowers—when the memory of snow, and ice, and bleak winds, has faded from our minds as completely as they have disappeared from the earth—and yet what a pleasant time it is! Orchards and fields sing with the sound of work; trees bend beneath the thick clusters of rich fruit which bow their branches to the ground; and the wheat, piled in graceful sheaves, or waving in every gentle wind that sweeps above it, tinges the landscape with a golden colour. A soft, pleasant light appears to hang over the whole earth; the influence of the season seems to extend itself even to a passing wagon, whose slow motion across the well-reaped field is seen by the eye, but makes no loud noises upon the ear.
(Adaptation from The Pickwick Papers by Charles Dickens)
7．What does this paragraph mainly describe
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8．What aspects does the author describe
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Read the short introduction to the author of First Snow and answer the questions.
John Boynton Priestley (1894-1984) was born in the English county of Yorkshire, and knew early on that he wanted to become a writer. When World War I broke out, Priestley joined the army, and escaped death on a number of occasions. After the war, he gained a degree from Cambridge University, and then moved to London, where he worked as a freelance writer. During World War Ⅱ, he presented a weekly radio programme, which became immensely popular. Priestley wrote many successful articles, essays, novels and plays, but is best remembered for his play An Inspector Calls. Priestley loved snow and expressed a desire to live in a country where it often snowed.
9．What careers did Priestley have in his lifetime
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10．What kind of person do you think Priestley was Do more research if necessary.
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Read the passage and answer the questions.
One of the outstanding features of traditional Chinese martial arts is the way they imitate animal movements. This came about because many Chinese martial artists admired the natural instincts, senses and fighting abilities that animals possess in order to survive in the wild.
The first set of animal-imitating exercises came into being about 2, 000 years ago. It was called Wu Qin Xi, or Five-animal Exercises, created by Hua Tuo（ca145-208）. As a physician during the Han Dynasty, Hua Tuo is often credited with being the first in China to use anesthesia during surgery. He was known as the best physician of his time, and was an expert in acupuncture.
11．Why were Chinese martial artists inspired by animal movements
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12．What were Hua Tuo’s achievements
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Read the story and answer the questions.
Todd cried out in shock and waved his arm at the pale blue screen hovering above the breakfast table. The hologram news paused. “Carolyn,” he called across the kitchen, “did you see this ”
His wife, Carolyn, was collecting her cereal from the breakfast robot. “What is it, honey ” she asked. Todd pointed at the floating blue screen. Carolyn read the headline:
Another prison breakout: faulty robotics blamed.
“Oh, don't worry,” Carolyn chuckled. “That's an old facility. The robots there were bound to break down sooner or later. Plus, I know for a fact that they weren't well maintained,” she added. “Julius was telling me about it. That place isn't as advanced as ours.”
“But the report says that even new, regularly-maintained robots can break down,” Todd protested. “And in a maximum-security prison like yours, one small error could cause a lot of problems.”
Carolyn smiled at him. “You worry too much,” she said. “Now, I'd better be going or I'll be late for work.” She grabbed her bag from the kitchen counter and rushed out of the door. Todd heard the air car start up outside. It was not until an hour later that he noticed that Carolyn had left her emergency call device on the breakfast table.
13．What happened to the prison and what was the cause
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14．What kind of job do you think Carolyn has
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15．Are there any sentences that might foreshadow what will happen next Underline them.
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Read the passage about biomimicry and answer the questions. Pay attention to the words and expressions in bold.
When solving a design problem, you can sometimes look to nature for a solution. One of the early examples is the study of birds to enable human flight. The Wright brothers got their inspiration from observing pigeons in flight, and in 1903 successfully obtained a patent for their designs for the first airplane. This approach, called biomimicry, studies and imitates nature’s designs and processes to seek solutions to human problems. There are many types of biomimicry, among which the most common one is copying form and shape. By imitating the beak of a bird, for example, bullet trains can be made to run much faster and more quietly. Another type of biomimicry is taking inspiration from the abilities of animals. Inspired by dolphins, people have learnt how to send signals underwater, which is currently employed in tsunami early-warning systems.
16．What are the types of biomimicry mentioned in the passage What else do you know about them
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17．What other examples of biomimicry can you think of Share them with the class.
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Read the introduction to Yang Jingyu and answer the questions.
Yang Jingyu, an anti-Japanese hero, was born in Henan Province in 1905. He joined the Communist Party of China (CPC) in 1927. In 1937 Yang became leader of the North-east Anti-Japanese United Army and fought a guerrilla war against the Japanese invaders.
In 1938, the Japanese army offered a large sum of money for Yang’s head and a large number of troops surrounded his men. In early 1940, facing a critical lack of supplies. Yang decided to let his men break through in small groups, but his own section of 60 men was betrayed to the Japanese. After these men were killed, Yang fought on alone for five days. He was eventually tracked down on 23 February by a large unit of Japanese troops. He killed more than 20 Japanese soldiers before dying in a hail of machine gunfire. When the Japanese cut open his body, they discovered only tree bark, cotton and grass roots, but not a single grain of rice in his stomach.
Yang’s death was a huge blow to his loyal troops, but they turned sorrow into anger and continued to fight fiercely against the invaders. After the People’s Republic of China (PRC) was established, Yang was reburied with full military honours, in Tonghua, Jilin Province.
18．Who was Yang Jingyu
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19．Why did Yang decide to let small groups of his men break through the encirdement
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20．What did the Japanese find when they killed Yang
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21．How would you describe Yang's spirit in your own words
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Read the passage and answer the questions.
Traditional crafts have long been disappearing from countries across the world. With many crafts having been, or about to be, lost forever, people are beginning to grasp the importance of preserving those that remain. In fact, after a long period of decline, traditional crafts have recently undergone a renaissance. There is greater public interest in old stories and traditions, as well as a desire for high-quality products. Such objects are produced through a combination of skill, respect for materials, devotion to tradition, and focus on the task. Craftsmanship speaks to the human need for skilled and socially useful work; the sort of work that can be admired and valued by society.
22．What is currently happening to traditional crafts
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23．Why are people starting to engage more with traditional crafts
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Read the passage and answer the questions.
What do the Summer Palace, Yuanmingyuan and the Chengde Mountain Resort all have in common These Qing-dynasty architectural marvels, along with many others, were all built by members of the same family-the Lei family. For seven generations, the Lei family quietly dominated imperial architecture. Their designs were admirable, varying from grand buildings to public works, such as roads and dams. So incredible was their skill that many of their buildings survived earthquakes and remained standing over hundreds of years. The Lei family were also pioneering engineers, who used a grid system to plan their projects in minute detail. They took careful notes and made models of their projects, many of which have survived to this day and are registered as part of UNESCO’s Memory of the World Programme. In addition to their architectural achievements, the Lei family showed diligence and humility. Each generation conscientiously learnt their craft and undertook ambitious projects, many of which took years to complete. Yet they did not seek fame, and even today, their great works are associated more with the imperial court than with them. With their remarkable skills, innovation, diligence and humility, the Lei family leave behind their buildings and the legacy that true craftwork is a treasure that can last beyond a lifetime.
24．What is the passage about
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25．What qualities of the Lei family are mentioned Find examples in the passage to support your answers.
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26．What is the conclusion of the passage
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Work in pairs. Read the passage and answer the questions.
The dramatic scientific developments of recent years have brought space exploration back to public attention. As getting into space is, however, still not an easy task, more and more space camps and other places are providing simulated space adventures. The Space Camp, founded in 1982 under NASA, is an educational camp, where children can learn about space travel and astronomy, and even have the chance to have lunch with an astronaut! So far, the camp has inspired hundreds of thousands of young people from the US and from elsewhere around the world. What’s more, some of its ex-students have even grown up to become astronauts!
27．What is the passage mainly about
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28．Would you like to take part in a space camp Why or why not
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Read the magazine article and answer the questions.
ALONG LINE OF MYSTERIES
Along a special line of latitude, known as the 30th parallel north lie numerous sites of ancient cvilisations and impressive natural features. Ancient civilisations appeared on the parallel, including Babylon, with its famous tower: Egypt with its pyramids.
China, with its Sarangdui culture, etc. These cvilisations appeared at a similar time, and all developed advanced bronze-making techniques. Were they part of a single super-civilisation as some think
It’s argued that the 30th parallel north is a line of great natural energy, with frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. This creates amazing natural features, including Mount Qomolangma the Dead Sea and rivers, such as the Nile, the Mississippi and the Yangtze. Lacking any concrete evidence, some even claim it was supernatural powers!
Scientists, however, dispute these theories. It’s more likely they argue, that civilisations arose on the 30th parallel north because the climate there is generally warm and damp. Major tectonic plates meet at this latitude, causing earthquakes, which helped form the Himalayas. The rest they say, is either coincidence or fantasy.
29．Why is the 30th parallel north mysterious
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30．What are some unusual explanations for it
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31．What are some possible scientific explanations
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Read the passage and answer the questions.
Of all the workings of the human body, there is one organ that produces the most intrigue amongst scientists. The brain is the centre of the nervous system and controls most of the body’s activities. Interestingly, it is the back part of the brain that is involved with our vision. The sides of the brain are involved in memory, speech and rhythm. Although the brain amounts to only about 2% of total body weight, it uses up to 20% of the body’s energy—more than any other organ. Scientists have been conducting research in order to seek greater understanding of the brain, especially since the 1950s. Nevertheless, there is still a long way to go before we can completely understand the workings of this complex organ.
32．What functions of the brain are mentioned in the passage
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33．What is the current research situation concerning the brain
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34．Do you know any other interesting facts about the brain Share them with the class.
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Read the email and answer the questions.
From: Selena
To: Jiang
Subject: Visit to the US
Dear Jiang,
Great to hear you’re coming to the US! I hope I can convince you to stop by and visit us in New York. There’re so many things to see and do here in the Big Apple. It would take a lifetime to list them all! But knowing you as I do, I’d suggest walking through Midtown Manhattan. It’s one of the most popular tourist attractions in the US and just can’t be missed!
Broadway district with its cafes, street performers and enormous and colorful signs really captures New York’s loud spirit! As Broadway is the heart of the American theater industry, it’s at night when it truly comes alive. Broadway is famous for its big theaters, showing Shakespeare, modern drama, dance shows or musicals-take your pick! With your love of singing and interest in amateur dramatics, I’d recommend a musical. It’s a moving and intense experience that I’m sure you would love-a bit like Peking Opera! Quite a few musicals are based on classic stories like Les Miserables or Peter Pan, and they might even inspire you to read the books, too!
My big news is that we’re all thinking about doing a big trip in China in the winter vacation. We’re looking for a combination of fun and traditional culture. Can you recommend a place of cultural highlights
See you soon! （Fist bump! ）
Selena
35．Which place in New York did Selena recommend that Jiang should visit
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36．What is special about it
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Read the leaflet and answer the questions. Pay attention to the words and expressions in bold.
Finance management tips for freshmen
Welcome to Winfield University. While you're doing your degree horo, most of you must also handle money on your own for the first time. You will have to pay bills and handle budgets to make ends meet. Here are some tips for you to stay afloat.
1 Find the banking services that meet your needs and will help you save money, such as accounts with free online banking services.
2 Building credit is important throughout your life, so be careful when opening your first credit card account. Look for a card with good benefits and no annual fees. Always make payments on time, or your credit score will be affected.
3 Start saving now. Save a small amount each week, and increase it each month. This is a widely recognised good habit for personal finance management, and you can receive interest on your savings.
4 Making some extra money is an option. But keep two things in mind: make sure that it doesn't interfere with your studies, and pay any tax as required by law.
5 Make rational spending choices and never exceed your agreed credit limit. Avoid luxuries so that you don't go into debt.
37．What suggestions are given to help students save money
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38．What do you need to pay attention to when spending money
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39．What do you need to bear in mind when making extra money
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Read the summary of The Blue Bird and answer the questions.
The Blue Bird is a six-act fairy play written by Maurice Maeterlinck. It's a story about Tyltyl and Mytyl's adventures as they search for the Blue Bird of Happiness. As the children of a poor woodcutter, they are secretly observing a party at the home of their wealthy landlords when a fairy appears. She uses a magic diamond to bring animals（their dog and cat）, objects（sugar and bread）and elements（light, fire, water）in their home to life. Together, they set off on a dangerous journey in search of the Blue Bird.
Tyltyl and Mytyl go to many magical places. They encounter numerous characters such as their departed grandparents, trees that hate mankind, the greedy and ugly Luxuries, and children waiting to be born. Although they try very hard to find the Blue Bird, the birds they find either change colour or die. The children return home at last, and Tyltyl discovers the Blue Bird has been there all the time! He gives the bird to the neighbour's little girl, curing her illness.
But in the end, the bird flies away, and Tyltyl asks the audience to search for it. The central idea of the play is that happiness is to be found not in luxuries such as wealth, but in simple things that are found in family life, and in acts of friendship and kindness.
40．Which paragraph introduces the main characters, setting and start of the play
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41．What is the climax of the play
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42．What is the theme of the play
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Read the short introduction to Robert Frost and answer the questions.
Robert Frost (1874-1963) was one of America’s most famous poets. He won the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry four times and was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal for his works. His poetry has been praised for its natural themes, mostly set in the rural areas of New England where Frost lived most of his life, and for his colloquial approach to American language. His poetry generally has a regular rhythm and rhyme, and is easy to read aloud and remember. He often used simple settings in his poems to explore complex personal and social themes. Among Frost’s best-known poems are The Road NotTaken, Fire and lce, Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening and Birches.
43．What are the special features of Frost’s poetry
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44．Have you read any poems written by Robert Frost Share one with the class.
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Read the conversation and answer the questions. Pay attention to the expressions in bold.
Jenny: What’s up, Li Ling You look worried.
Li Ling: I’m facing a difficult decision. I’ve been recommended for admission to study physics at my dream university.
Jenny: Congratulations! But what do you mean by a difficult decision I think the course is tailor-made for you!
Li Ling: Well, it sounds wonderful, but I had already decided to take the college entrance exam and apply to the Medical School there. I can’t make up my mind what the right thing to do is.
Jenny: I think it would be a great pity to pass up the opportunity to be admitted without taking the exam.
Li Ling: I know, but I have always wanted to study medicine and become a dentist. Physics is interesting, but it’s not my preferred major.
Jenny: Then why the indecision Go for your preferred major.
Li Ling: But what if I don’t do well enough in the exam to get into the Medical School I’m really having second thoughts.
Jenny: Can you put off making a decision until you’ve spoken to your high school advisor
Li Ling: I have already talked to her. She told me that I must decide what’s right for me now, and then go for it. The problem is I don’t know what is right for me.
Jenny: Well, I wouldn’t reject anything out of hand. Let’s go for lunch. Then we can weigh up the options and try to come to a decision. Let’s put the kettle on.
45．What difficult decision is Li Ling facing Why is she feeling worried
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46．What does Jenny suggest to her
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47．What would you do when faced with a difficult decision
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Read the passage and answer the questions.
It is crucial for teenagers to develop into mature and responsible members of society. In addition to participation in school, a part-time job-such as working in a cafe or in an office administration role-can also be helpful in this transition. It can help them achieve new accomplishments, learn about society and become more independent.
Many countries now have laws to regulate part-time employment for students. In the UK, for example, the law states that students aged 15 and 16 are allowed to work a maximum of 12 hours per week during term time, and 35 hours per week during school holidays. They are not allowed to work before 7 am or after 7 pm.
48．What can students achieve via part-time jobs
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49．What regulations are in place for students doing part-time jobs in the UK
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50．Have you ever had a part-time job Why did you do it
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Read the speech on Edgar Snow and answer the questions.
Hello, everyone. Today, I’m going to introduce Edgar Snow. Edgar Snow was an American journalist who wrote influential books and articles about China in the 1930s. Data time when relatively little was known about our country in the Western world, his 1937 book Red Star over China broke ideological boundaries by telling the stories of the Chinese communist movement from the inside.
Although Snow was not the only international journalist to set foot in China during the early decades of the 20th century, what set him apart from the others was that he actually spent time with the Chinese Red Army. He listened to their stories and observed their day-to-day lives, as well as conducting interviews with mad Zedong and other leaders. His biographical accounts and depictions of historical events, such as the Long March, therefore captured the spirit of the period and the people living through it with unprecedented authenticity. Snow is considered “our American friend”.
I admire Snow’s special insight and bravery, risking his life during the war to get to the heart of the story and correct prejudice. For me, Snow’s writing, and in particular Red Star over China, is a must-read for anyone with an interest in that period.
51．Who was Edgar Snow
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52．What did he do and what boundaries did he break
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Read the journal entry and answer the questions.
Sunday 20 October
I was tidying my room yesterday and found an old photo in a notebook. As I was looking at it, the lovely memory of that day came back to me.
It was my mother’s birthday ten years ago, and I decided to surprise her with home-made scrambled eggs. I woke up really early and tiptoed to the kitchen. I had never cooked anything before, so I tried to copy how she did it. But somehow they ended up burnt.
I was about to throw everything away when my mother came in, I showed her the eggs and sadly explained what happened. To my surprise, she tasted them and said they weren’t bad! I guess love is indeed a magical ingredient. In fact, we ended up laughing and ate them all.
This weekend is her 45th birthday. I’ll make her scrambled eggs again, and this time they won’t be burnt!
53．What brought back the author’s lovely memory
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54．What happened in the author’s memory
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55．Why is it a lovely memory
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Read the email and answer the questions.
From Penny To Anna
Subject A family memory
Hi Anna,
Great to hear from you! Yes, we had a fantastic holiday. Mum, Dad and I went camping in Beidaihe. In fact, we stayed at the same campsite as we did ten years ago. Dad showed me a photo we had taken then—just see how time flies!
Dad has changed quite a bit! In his thirties, he was quite thin and pale, and he had red, bushy hair. Nowadays, he’s well-built and tanned. He’s always had a square jaw, but now he’s grown a beard. Strangely, his beard is still red even though his hair is turning grey!
Mum looks almost the same, though. She still has smooth skin and straight black hair, and jogging has kept her slim and fit.
I still have light skin and black hair, of course. But I usually wear my hair in a ponytail these days as it has got a lot longer. Mum says I had cute rosy cheeks, but now I have freckles. I think they are kind of cute too, right
Can’t wait to see you back in school!
Penny
56．What did Penny’s dad look like ten years ago
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57．What does Penny’s mum look like now and why
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58．How does Penny look different now compared to ten years ago
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Read the journal entry and answer the questions.
Friday 8 September
Finally, it’s Friday! I can’t believe the first week is coming to an end. Things are going well, but there is always something new just around the corner.
At junior high, I took lots of notes during class. So in physics class on Monday, I did the same, but the teacher spoke so fast that I couldn’t take everything down. The teacher found I was struggling with note-taking and told me to stop and just listen. “Thinking is a more important ability than note-taking and memorising,” he said.
After class on Wednesday, I hurried to the school skateboarding club. I was running out of the classroom when I bumped into a girl literally. I said sorry to her and she smiled at me. At the club, I had my first fly at skateboarding and fell off the board a lot. Suddenly, a girl bumped into me—the same girl from the corridor! This time, both of us laughed. Her name is Sarah. We started to practise together and soon became friends.
I’m going to watch a film with Sarah tomorrow evening. I’m looking forward to it!
59．What’s the passage about
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60．What happened in her physics class
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61．What did she do after class
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Millions of people were watching a video of a 5-year-old girl from the U.S. state of Colorado completing an obstacle course at her home.
Gavin MacCall and his daughter Lylah are fans of the popular television show “American Ninja Warrior” on which competitors try to complete obstacle courses as fast as possible by climbing ladders, using ropes to swing across pools of water and running to the top of walls.
In 2015, when Lylah was 4, her father designed her first obstacle course. Lylah started in one part of the house then she worked her way across pieces of furniture, walked on bridges of narrow boards, climbed kitchen cupboards and traveled over waste containers to make it to the finish. Gavin MacCall provided the narration and crowd noises, just like on television. At one point, the family’s cat became an obstacle! Earlier this year, MacCall posted new images on Facebook that suggested a new project. He was building another obstacle course, but this time, it was outside the house.
Late last week MacCall posted another video in which Lylah wears a T-shirt that reads “Girls are superstars” and raises her fist over her head before starting the course. The course is tough for her since it even includes a zip line on which Lylah slides over a line of her toys.
The video lasts a little more than two minutes. Lylah is unruffled and confident throughout. The camera sometimes shows an audience of toys. At the end of the video, Lylah runs up a wall-the final obstacle. After that she hits the bell to complete the event. Lylah is victorious! The crowd cheers. Gavin MacCall’s video has had more than 60 million views.
62．What inspired Gavin MacCall to design an obstacle course for his daughter （no more than 5 words）
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63．How did Gavin MacCall make his obstacle course as real as possible （no more than 8 words）
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64．Why did the author said the course is hard for his daughter （no more than 15 words）
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65．What does the underlined word “unruffled” in Paragraph 5 probably mean （1 word）
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66．What do you think of the author Please explain.（no more than 25 words）
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阅读表达
WELCOME TO CHINATOWN!
The Chinatown in San Francisco is the biggest in America, and also the oldest. It is a very popular tourist draw that receives more visitors each year than even the Golden Gate Bridge. The climate is mild all year round, meaning it is always a good time to visit.
Historically, Chinese immigrants settled in the area during the railroad construction and gold rush period. What started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants then turned into a centre for Chinese culture. The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese, many of whom do not speak English fluently. This allows visitors to experience a real taste of China.
Most of Chinatown was destroyed in the 1906 earthquake, but the city and residents rebuilt it, taking care to include lots of Chinese architecture. Traditionally, visitors enter Chinatown through the legendary Dragon Gate, which was built using materials donated from China. Other famous sites include the Tin How Temple and Bank of Canton, to name but a few. Visitors can also spend hours just exploring the interesting sights, smells, and sounds of China. Portsmouth Square is also a key site, being the centre of Chinatown. It has a long and famous history, with the author Robert Louis Stevenson having spent much time writing there. These days, the square is a great place to see traditional Chinese culture in real life, such as games of Chinese chess, and people practising tai chi.
The stores in the Chinatown offer a unique range of souvenirs, goods, and clothing. All kinds of traditional Chinese herbal medicine can be found, too, and there are Chinese tea stores, where visitors can taste and buy varieties of Chinese tea.
But perhaps what many tourists and San Franciscans treasure most about Chinatown is its food. There is Chinese food to suit everyone's taste, with traditional dishes from all over China.
Chinatowns are an important part of the diverse culture of the USA．They allow visitors who have never been to China to experience traditional Chinese culture first hand.
67．What are the famous tourist sites in the Chinatown of San Francisco
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68．What else can you do there
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Read the fable below and answer the questions.
THE STONE IN THE ROAD
Once upon a time there was a king who often thought, “Nothing good can come to a nation whose people only complain and expect others to solve their problems.” One day, he had an idea.
Early one morning, the king disguised himself and went to a local village. He placed a large stone in the middle of the main street and hid gold coins under the stone. Then he hid behind a huge maple tree and watched.
The first person down the street was a milkman with his cart. He crashed into the stone, spilling the milk everywhere. “What fool put this stone here ” he shouted. He picked himself up and angrily went away.
After a while, a group of women came along, each balancing a pot of water on her head. One woman tripped over the stone and her water pot went crashing to the ground. She picked herself up and limped away in tears. Neither she nor her friends thought about moving the stone out of the road.
The king watched all day as many people complained about the stone, but he found nobody making an attempt to move it. The king was in despair. “Is there no one in this village who feels any responsibility to keep their neighbors from harm ”
Just then, the king saw a young girl coming along. She was the daughter of a local farmer. She had been working all day and was very tired. But when she saw the stone, she said to herself, “This stone is a danger to anyone who comes down the street after dark. I'll move it out of the way.”
The girl pushed the stone with all her might. After a great deal of effort, she finally succeeded in moving it to the side of the street. Imagine her surprise when she saw the gold coins where the stone had been!
Just then, the king stepped out from behind the tree. “Oh sir,” the girl said, “does this gold belong to you If not, we surely must find the owner, for he will certainly miss it.”
The king said, “My dear, the gold is mine. I put it in the road and moved the stone over it. Now the gold is yours, because you are the only person who has learnt the lesson I wanted to teach my people.”
69．What was the king’s idea for teaching an important lesson to his people
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70．What was the response from most of the people
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71．What did the young girl think and do when she saw the coins
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Read the report and then answer the questions.
REDUCING WATER POLLUTION IN THE LI RIVER
The beautiful Li River and its amazing surrounding scenery is one of the most well-known tourist destinations in China’s Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. It attracts millions of domestic and foreign visitors each year. However, its reputation as a top destination has had negative effects on the river’s water quality. This report looks at the problem of water pollution and some actions that have been taken to deal with it.
Previously, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists, many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river. Many tour boats contributed to the problem too. Kitchens on board were using lots of oil, which was often thrown into the water. The growth in tourism also meant the local population rose rapidly, as well as the number of commercial and industrial enterprises. Water pollution levels increased, with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river. In order to feed more people, more chemicals were used to increase crop production. These chemicals led to severe water quality issues, causing a decrease in the number of fish species. Local officials were concerned that the pollution was damaging the natural environment and felt that urgent steps should be taken to restore the river’s original beauty.
A comprehensive initiative was started, with a number of measures that addressed the issues. The construction of waste water treatment facilities improved the water quality and water conservation. The collection and transport of household waste was also improved. Dozens of polluting enterprises were closed or moved. The local government set up strict regulations regarding further industrial development. New rules were also introduced regarding tour boat routes and garbage disposal methods. Furthermore, the local authorities began to use the media to spread environmental awareness and encourage greater use of clean energy. At the same time, they started to carry out inspections regularly and fine tourist organizations for abuses. With these measures, it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come.
In addition, the ambitious “Water Ten Plan” is also now tackling water pollution across the country. Other initiatives, such as the “River Chief System”, hold senior officials responsible for reducing water pollution. With such campaigns in effect, China’s waterways are heading towards a clean and sustainable future.
72．What were some of the negative effects on the Li River as a result of the growth in tourism
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73．What measures have been taken to improve the Li River’s water quality
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74．What is the “River Chief System”
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Read the text. Whom do you think this text is written for What is the purpose
MY EXPERIENCES WITH COMPUTER GAMES
I clearly remember the fast time I played a computer game. I was seven years old. My friend had gotten a computer for his birthday. He invited me to play a game, which was very simple by today’s stand ads, but we loved it. We played for hours. We would meet after school every bay to play it. My addiction to computer games started then. Not long after that, my friend moved to the city. I missed him, but got my own computer and began playing by myself.
Over the years, computer games developed rapidly. Technology improved, and there were always raw and better games to play. You could then play games over the tenet with people from all over the world, using either computers or smart oh ones. The nine games were fascinating and it was always exciting to play.
At first, I played games over the internet after I had done my homework and eaten dine. Then I started playing as soon ail got home each day. My parents stooped me, so I started playing it the mode of the night. I went to school and often be asleep in d ass. My teacher wound solid me buts would often do the same thing the next day! Shortly after that, I began to skip meals and play through the night. My parents found out and took away my computer and smart phone. I knew I had gone too far. My love of computer games had become an addiction. It was affecting my schoolwork and my health, and I felt decreased.
Then one day I bumped into my friend again! He had moved back to our hometown. We hadn’t seen each other for ages. He joked happy and healthy We take d about the past and the good times we had, playing that old game. He still played computer games, but he also did many other things. He invited me to play basketball with some friends. I got tired quickly, but I loved it. Afterwards, we played a board game. We laughed and talked and played for hours. It was very sociable and great fun. Playing games with my friends in real life was much more enjoyable than doing so online.
Computer games are great fun and I still play them sometimes. New technology is making more amazing things possible. I’ve learnt that some games can even teach us to train our brains to salve problems. However, games can also be addictive, so balance is important for a healthy lifestyle. We can spoil good things by doing them too much. Now I enjoy playing games even more because I am able to maintain a good balance between work and play.
Read the passage again and answer the questions below.
75．How did the writer’s love for computer games begin
________________
76．Why did the writer’s parents take away his computer and smartphone Do you think they were right Why
________________
77．Why do you think the writer felt tired after playing basketball
________________
78．According to the writer, what is more fun than playing games online
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79．What did the writer learn by recovering from his game addiction
________________
Read these posts from an online forum for Chinese students who are learning English and fill in the table on page 67.
Learning English
Hey, everybody, what are your biggest problems with learning English WangLe
Hi! I’ve been studying English since primary school. I used to get high marks in English, but now I’m having a lot of trouble with my listening. When I listen to native English speakers talking in a video, I can catch only a few words. I can never quite get the main idea. Any advice
Listening to English radio programmes helps me get used to how fast native speakers talk. I also repeat what I hear to help myself to experience the feeling of the language. Sometimes I even record my voice so I can listen to myself and compare my pronunciation with the radio host’s! My biggest headache is how to be polite in English. It’s so much easier to just say “Open the window!”, but in English that can sound really terrible. I have to think about who I’m talking to and then decide whether to say, “Open the window, please!” or “Could you open the window, please ” or even longer “Would you mind opening the window, please ”
Yeah, that’s really hard! I think it all depends on who you’ re talking to. If I’m talking to a close friend, I can use short requests, like “Open the window”—our relationship is close and we’ re equals, so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us. But if I’m talking to someone who isn’t very close to me, I must make my request longer — and I must make it a question, not a demand. e.g., “Could you open the window, please ” If I’m talking to someone senior to me, then I should say. “Would you mind opening the window, please ” For me, vocabulary is my biggest problem — there are just SO MANY new words! I can’t keep all the new vocabulary straight in my head, and I certainly can’t remember how to use them all properly. HELP!
Name Problem Advice
Liu Wen ____80____ Jia Xin’s advice Listen to English radio programmes
Jia Xin ____81____ Li Rui’s advice ____82____
Li Rui ____83____ Your advice ____84____
Read the news report released the day after a tsunami and answer the questions.
By Robert Woodhouse Monday, 27 December 2004
The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday, killing more than 6,500 people in Indonesia, India. Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0. The undersea quake struck around 7:00 a. m. Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia’s Sumatra Island. In that area alone, at least 1,870 people were killed.
In Sri Lanka, some 1, 600 kilometres west of the quake centre, the number of deaths stood at 2,498, and one million more were affected by the tsunami, government officials said. Indian officials said as many as 1,900 had been killed along the southern coast. Another 254 were found dead in Thailand and 54 in three other countries. In southern Thailand, 1,900 people were hurt and many more were missing, local officials said. “I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. We had to leave everything and run to safety.” said Chandra Theeravit, a local Thai woman.
Thousands of people are still missing, and the number of deaths is expected to grow even higher over the next few days. Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countries. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.
85．When did the tsunami happen
________________
86．What caused the tsunami
________________
87．Why would it be difficult to deliver food and supplies
________________
参考答案：
1． They can prevent cruel wars and give stability to conflict zones and allow governments to reestablish authority.
2．China is playing an increasingly important role in UN peacekeeping. Chinese peacekeeping forces are highly-valued in conflict zones and have received praise for their professionalism.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了联合国维和行动的方法和目的以及中国在其中发挥的作用。
1．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“The cruelty of war is reason enough to do everything we can to prevent it.(战争的残酷有足够的理由让我们尽一切努力来阻止它。)”和“They work to disarm combatants and to secure weapons and ammunition, removing them from use. These measures aim to give stability to conflict zones and allow governments to reestablish authority. (他们的工作是解除战斗人员的武装，并确保武器和弹药的安全，使其不再使用。这些措施旨在使冲突地区稳定下来，并使各国政府能够重新建立权威。)”可知，联合国维和行动的意义是阻止战争，稳定地区冲突，使各国政府重新建立权威。故答案为为：They can prevent cruel wars and give stability to conflict zones and allow governments to reestablish authority。
2．考查细节理解。根据文章最后部分“China is playing an increasingly important role in UN peacekeeping and it has trained 8, 000 troops who are kept on standby for UN missions. Chinese peacekeeping forces are highly-valued in conflict zones and have received praise for their professionalism.(中国在联合国维和行动中发挥着越来越重要的作用，已经培训了8000名维和部队，随时待命执行联合国维和任务。中国维和部队在冲突地区受到高度重视，其专业精神受到赞誉。)”可知，中方在联合国维和行动中发挥了重要作用。中国维和部队在冲突地区受到高度重视，其专业精神受到赞誉。故答案为：China is playing an increasingly important role in UN peacekeeping. Chinese peacekeeping forces are highly-valued in conflict zones and have received praise for their professionalism。
3．The butterfly struggled to force its body through the little hole to get out of its pupa.
4．He thought the struggle was too hard for the butterfly’s weak body.
5．Instead of flying way, the butterfly just dragged itself around weakly, then died.
6．① The struggle to break out of the pupa was necessary for the butterfly’s survival because it enabled its wings and body to grow strong.
② In the same way, we need struggle to grow strong and survive. We must go through some difficult things if we really wish to spread our wings and fly.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了蝴蝶破蛹而出，才能让其翅膀和身体变得强壮。同样，生活中我们需要奋斗来变得强大和生存。如果我们真的想展翅高飞，我们必须经历一些困难的事情。
3．考查细节理解。根据文中“the butterfly struggled to force its body through the little hole”（蝴蝶挣扎着强迫自己的身体穿过那个小洞。）可知，为了从蛹里边出来，蝴蝶蝴蝶挣扎着强迫自己的身体穿过那个小洞。故答案为：The butterfly struggled to force its body through the little hole to get out of its pupa.
4．考查细节理解。根据文中“The struggle was too hard for its weak body. The man then kindly enlarged the hole in the pupa so that the butterfly could finally break free.”（这种挣扎对它虚弱的身体来说太难了。然后，那个男人好心地扩大了蛹上的洞，这样蝴蝶就可以最终挣脱出来了。）可知，男人认为对于蝴蝶来说，这种挣扎太难了。所以他扩大了蛹上的洞，这样蝴蝶就可以最终挣脱出来了。故答案为：He thought the struggle was too hard for the butterfly’s weak body.
5．考查细节理解。根据文中“But instead of flying away, it just dragged itself around weakly, then died.”（但它没有飞走，只是虚弱地拖着自己，然后就死了。）可知，在男人把蛹上的洞扩大后，蝴蝶并没有立刻飞走，而是虚弱地拖着自己，最终死了。故答案为：Instead of flying away, the butterfly just dragged itself around weakly, then died.
6．考查细节理解。根据文中“The struggle to break out of the pupa was necessary for the butterfly's survival because it enabled its wings and body to grow strong.”（破蛹而出的挣扎对蝴蝶的生存是必要的，因为这使得它的翅膀和身体变得强壮。）可知，对于蝴蝶而言，破蛹而出的挣扎对蝴蝶的生存是必要的，因为这使得它的翅膀和身体变得强壮。因而故事背后的启示为：The struggle to break out of the pupa was necessary for the butterfly’s survival because it enabled its wings and body to grow strong. 另根据文中“In the same way, we need struggle to grow strong and survive. We must go through some difficult things if we really wish to spread our wings and fly.”（同样，我们需要奋斗来变得强大和生存。如果我们真的想展翅高飞，我们必须经历一些困难的事情。）可知，在生活中，我们需要奋斗来变得强大和生存。如果我们真的想展翅高飞，我们必须经历一些困难的事情。故第二个问题的答案为： In the same way, we need struggle to grow strong and survive. We must go through some difficult things if we really wish to spread our wings and fly.
7．This paragraph mainly describes there is no month in the whole year in which nature wears a more beautiful appearance than in the month of August.
8．Firstly, the author describes the autumn in August, and then describes the natural scenes such as green fields and fragrant flowers at that time. Then the author describes orchards and fields, and describes wheat, the scenes where people work. And when it comes to the carriage crossing the field, people can see it, but they can’t hear the noisy noise.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是一年里8月份的美丽，这个时候果园和田野，树木，小麦都展现在人们的面前，是一幅很美丽的景象。
7．考查主旨大意。根据本段第一句“There is no month in the whole year in which nature wears a more beautiful appearance than in the month of August.(一年中没有哪个月份的大自然比八月的景色更美丽。)”可知，本段主要讲的是一年中没有哪个月份的大自然比八月的景色更美丽，故答案为This paragraph mainly describes there is no month in the whole year in which nature wears a more beautiful appearance than in the month of August.
8．考查细节理解。根据“It comes when we remember nothing but clear skies, green fields, and sweet-smelling flowers—when the memory of snow, and ice, and bleak winds, has faded from our minds as completely as they have disappeared from the earth—and yet what a pleasant time it is!(它来时我们记得的只有晴天、绿野与香花——而冰雪与寒风早已从我们的记忆中完全褪去，如同它们从地球上消失那样了无声息——呵，这是多么愉快的时光啊！)”可知，作者先描述了八月的景色，绿色的田野和芳香的花朵；根据“Orchards and fields sing with the sound of work; trees bend beneath the thick clusters of rich fruit which bow their branches to the ground; and the wheat, piled in graceful sheaves, or waving in every gentle wind that sweeps above it, tinges the landscape with a golden colour.(果园和田野在劳作声中歌唱；树上结满了果实，树枝低垂到地面；麦穗，或整齐地堆成一捆，或随风摇曳，给大地染上了一抹金色。)”可知，作者也描述了果园和田野，小麦，人们工作的场景；根据“the influence of the season seems to extend itself even to a passing wagon, whose slow motion across the well-reaped field is seen by the eye, but makes no loud noises upon the ear(就连马车都仿佛受到了感染。秋收完毕的田野，一辆马车缓慢而行，听不到任何忙碌喧嚣，而我们的眼睛却领略了安静之美)”可知，作者也描述了穿过田野的马车，人们可以看到它，但听不到它嘈杂的噪音，故答案为Firstly, the author describes the autumn in August, and then describes the natural scenes such as green fields and fragrant flowers at that time. Then the author describes orchards and fields, and describes wheat, the scenes where people work. And when it comes to the carriage crossing the field, people can see it, but they can’t hear the noisy noise.
9．Priestley was a soldier in World War I and after graduating from Cambridge University he worked as a freelance writer and radio presenter.
10．Priestley was a talented and experienced man.
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了John Boynton Priestley的个人事迹以及成就。
9．考查细节理解。根据文中“When World War I broke out, Priestley joined the army, and escaped death on a number of occasions. After the war, he gained a degree from Cambridge University, and then moved to London, where he worked as a freelance writer. During World War Ⅱ, he presented a weekly radio programme, which became immensely popular.(第一次世界大战爆发时，普里斯特利参军，并多次逃脱死亡。战后，他从剑桥大学获得学位，然后搬到伦敦，在那里做自由撰稿人。在第二次世界大战期间Ⅱ，他提出了一个每周广播节目，这变得非常受欢迎)”可知，普里斯特利是一名士兵，是一名自由撰稿人，他还每周主持一个广播节目。故答案为Priestley was a soldier in World War I and after graduating from Cambridge University he worked as a freelance writer and radio presenter.
10．开放性题目。题干：你觉得普里斯特利是个什么样的人？必要时多做些调查。可回答：Priestley是个有才华且阅历丰富的人。故答案为Priestley was a talented and experienced man.
11．Because many Chinese martial artists admired the natural instincts, senses and fighting abilities that animals posses in order to survive in the wild.
12．Hua Tuo created Wu Qin Xi. He was the first physician to use anesthesia during surgery in China. He was known as the best physician of his time, and was an expert in acupuncture.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统武术的一个突出特点就是模仿动物动作的方式。第一套模仿动物的运动被称为“五禽戏”或“五种动物的运动”，是由华佗创造的。华佗作为汉代的一名内科医生，被认为是中国第一个在手术中使用麻醉剂的人，且他被认为是当时最好的医生，是针灸专家。
11．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“This came about because many Chinese martial artists admired the natural instincts, senses and fighting abilities that animals possess in order to survive in the wild.(这是因为许多中国武术家欣赏动物为了在野外生存而具有的自然本能、感官和战斗能力。)”可知，中国武术家受到动物运动启发的原因是：许多中国武术家钦佩动物为了在野外生存所具有的自然本能、感官和战斗能力。故答案为：Because many Chinese martial artists admired the natural instincts, senses and fighting abilities that animals posses in order to survive in the wild.
12．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“It was called Wu Qin Xi, or Five-animal Exercises, created by Hua Tuo（ca145-208）. As a physician during the Han Dynasty, Hua Tuo is often credited with being the first in China to use anesthesia during surgery. He was known as the best physician of his time, and was an expert in acupuncture.(华佗（145-208）创作了《五禽戏》。作为汉代的一名内科医生，华佗被认为是中国第一个在手术中使用麻醉剂的人。他被认为是当时最好的医生，是针灸专家。)”可知，华佗的成就有：他创造了《五禽戏》；他是中国第一位在外科手术中使用麻醉剂的内科医生；他被认为是当时最好的医生，是针灸专家。故答案为Hua Tuo created Wu Qin Xi. He was the first physician to use anesthesia during surgery in China. He was known as the best physician of his time, and was an expert in acupuncture.
13．Another prison breakout happened because of faulty robotics.
14．She might be a policewoman who works in a prison.
15．Yes, there are. They are “And in a maximum-security prison like yours, one small error could cause a lot of problems.” and “It was not until an hour later that he noticed that Carolyn had left her emergency call device on the breakfast table.”
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述Todd听到又一间监狱因为机器人故障出现越狱事件的新闻，很是震惊，急忙告诉妻子Carolyn。因为妻子是监狱的工作人员。但妻子说她自己监狱的设备很好，不会出现这样的情况，安慰丈夫不要那么担心。但当她急忙出门上班时，却忘记了带紧急呼救装置。
13．考查细节理解。根据第三段“Another prison breakout: faulty robotics blamed.
（另一个越狱事件：归咎于机器人故障。）”可知监狱出的事是越狱，而原因则是机器人出现故障了。故答案为：Another prison breakout happened because of faulty robotics。
14．考查推理判断。根据第五段最后一句丈夫的话“And in a maximum-security prison like yours, one small error could cause a lot of problems.（在像你那样安全性最高的监狱里，一个小错误可能会引发很多问题。）”可知，妻子应该是在监狱里工作。而本文最后一句“It was not until an hour later that he noticed that Carolyn had left her emergency call device on the breakfast table.（直到一个小时后，他才注意到Carolyn把紧急呼叫装置留在了早餐桌上。）”告知了妻子还拥有紧急呼叫装置，这一般是警察会使用的装置，可推测她可能是一个狱警。故答案为：She might be a policewoman who works in a prison。
15．考查推理判断。根据第五段最后一句丈夫的话“And in a maximum-security prison like yours, one small error could cause a lot of problems.（在像你那样安全性最高的监狱里，一个小错误可能会引发很多问题。）”可知，一个小错误可能导致监狱很多问题；而本文最后一句“It was not until an hour later that he noticed that Carolyn had left her emergency call device on the breakfast table.（直到一个小时后，他才注意到Carolyn把紧急呼叫装置留在了早餐桌上。）”指出妻子忘记带紧急呼叫装置，这对狱警而言，就是一个小错误。故可推测会造成一系列的问题，即下文将要讲述的可能是这些问题。故这两句话预示了将要发生的事。故答案为Yes, there are. They are “And in a maximum-security prison like yours, one small error could cause a lot of problems.” and “It was not until an hour later that he noticed that Carolyn had left her emergency call device on the breakfast table.”。
16．① The types of biomimicry mentioned in the passage are copying forms and shape as well as taking inspiration from the abilities of animals.
② I know an example of the first type is that people start to put stripes to military use because of zebra’s striped outlook.
17．Inspired by bat’s ability to fly at night, radar is invented to help planes fly safely during the night.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了通过从动物身上学习，人们利用仿生学，在生活中帮助我们解决一些实际的问题。
16．考查细节理解。根据文中“There are many types of biomimicry, among which the most common one is copying form and shape.”（仿生有许多种类型，其中最常见的是复制形状和形状。）及“Another type of biomimicry is taking inspiration from the abilities of animals.”（另一种仿生学是从动物的能力中获得灵感。）可知，文章中提到的仿生学的类别包括模仿动物的形状和从动物的能力中取得灵感。故第一问的答案为：The types of biomimicry mentioned in the passage are copying forms and shape as well as taking inspiration from the abilities of animals. 我了解第一种，有一个例子就是人类将斑马的条纹用于军事上。故第二问的答案为：I know an example of the first type is that people start to put stripes to military use because of zebra’s striped outlook.
17．开放试题。言之有理即可。例如，科学家通过反复实验，揭开了蝙蝠能在夜间飞行的原因，并从中得到启发。给飞机装上雷达，解决了飞机在夜间安全飞行的问题。故答案为：Inspired by bat’s ability to fly at night, radar is invented to help planes fly safely during the night.
18．Yang Jingyu, an anti-Japanese hero, was born in Henan Province.
19．Because they were facing a critical lack of supplies.
20．They found only tree bark, cotton and grass roots, but not a single grain in Yang’s stomach.
21．Yang Jingyu’s bravery and courage to fight let us admire him most.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了杨靖宇在抗战中的英雄事迹，讴歌了他英勇顽强、勇于斗争的大无畏精神。
18．考查细节理解。在文章第一段的第一句“Yang Jingyu, an anti-Japanese hero, was born in Henan Province.”（抗日英雄杨靖宇出生于河南省。）可知答案，且提问句中使用过去时态，故回答也需用过去时态。故答案为Yang Jingyu, an anti-Japanese hero, was born in Henan Province.
19．考查细节理解。在文章第二段“In early 1940, facing a critical lack of supplies. Yang decided to let his men break through in small groups”（1940年初，面临严重的物资短缺。杨靖宇决定让他的人分成小组突围）与提问中的“break through the encirclement”（突围而出）意思一致，可知，因为他们面临着严重的物资短缺，杨靖宇决定让他手下的小分队突破包围圈。故答案为Because they were facing a critical lack of supplies.
20．考查细节理解。在文章第二段“When the Japanese cut open his body, they discovered only tree bark, cotton and grass roots, but not a single grain in his stomach.”（日本人剖开他的身体，只发现树皮、棉花和草根，但他的胃里没有一粒粮食）可知，他们在杨靖宇的肚子里只发现了树皮、棉花和草根，却没有一粒粮食。故答案为They found only tree bark, cotton and grass roots, but not a single grain in Yang’s stomach.
21．考查开放答题。通过全篇的阅读可以大致了解到杨靖宇的一个内在的精神，杨靖宇的勇敢和战斗的勇气让人佩服。故答案为Yang Jingyu’s bravery and courage to fight let us admire him most.
22．Traditional crafts have recently undergone a renaissance.
23．Because there is greater public interest in old stories and traditions, as well as a desire for high-quality products. Furthermore, craftsmanship reflects people’s desire for skilled and socially useful work.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是随着许多工艺品已经或即将永久消失，人们开始意识到保存那些留下来的手工艺品的重要性。
22．考查细节理解。根据文中的“In fact, after a long period of decline, traditional crafts have recently undergone a renaissance.(事实上，经过长时间的衰落，传统工艺最近经历了复兴。)”可知，传统工艺在经历了长时间的衰落，最近正经历着复兴。故答案是Traditional crafts have recently undergone a renaissa主谓一致
单项选择
1．My family ________ for a picnic next Sunday.
A．went B．go C．are going D．is going to
2．________ people were invited to the party but ________ of them present ________ 10.
A．A number of; the number of; were B．The number of; a number of; were
C．A number of; the number of; was D．The number of; a number of; was
3．In the past few years all citizens__________efforts to make the town more beautiful and civilized.
A．have made B．made C．have been made D．had made
4．Behind the chain of crises ______ the competition between countries for development space and oil control.
A．is B．are C．were D．being
5．We believe _____ you are doing _____ very important.
A．that, being B．all that, be C．that, are D．what, is
6．A Dream of Red Mansions, one of Chinese literature’s most notable works, _______ said to be written by multiple authors - not a collaboration, rather a legitimate sequel adding a noteworthy “finishing touch” to the original installment.
A．are B．have been C．has been D．is
7．Every boy and girl _______ great interest in extra curriculum activities.
A．is shown B．are shown C．shows D．show
8．Not only he but also all his family _______ keen on concerts even when Hitler put the world at risk.
A．was B．were C．is D．are
9．Quantities of money _______ to the children in need.
A．have donated B．have been donated C．has been donated D．has donated
10．The number of people who own a car ________in the past 10 years.
A．increase B．increased C．has increased D．increases
11．The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities________ increasing since 2003.
A．is B．are C．has been D．have been
12．I know Mr. Brown, we ______ to each other at an international conference.
A．are introduced B．are been introduced
C．were introduced D．had been introduced
13．Here________some bread and many apples on the desk.
A．is B．be C．are D．will
14．Opposite to the park________two bookstores.
A．is B．are C．be D．have
15．The center of gravity of the human bodies _________ behind his knee joints.
A．is located B．locates C．are located D．are locating
16．I will need one more stamp before my collection _________.
A．is completed B．will be completed C．has been completed D．is being completed
17．Either you or the headteacher _________ the award to the gifted students at the ceremony
A．is presenting B．are to present C．are presenting D．is to present
18．The number of prisoners serving life sentences _________ in the region over the last decade.
A．are falling B．have fallen C．has fallen D．is falling
19．More than 80 percent of the young people in this village ________ to find a job so far.
A．has gone B．went C．goes D．have gone
20．His private museum together with his art collections________ to the country as a gift.
A．has offered B．have offered C．is offered D．are offered
21．- When are you leaving
- My plane _________ at 10:45.
A．takes off B．took off
C．is about to take off D．will be taking off
22．Steven ________the new iPad he bought on the Internet to take classes online, which will be sent to his home next week.
A．had expected B．has been expecting C．was expecting D．will expect
23．She with her friends ________ TV now.
A．watch B．are watching C．is watching D．Watches
24．The population of Shanghai ________ very big and most of its population ________ native people.
A．are; is B．is; is C．are; are D．is; are
25．Not Thomas, but his two sisters ________ to blame for the accident, ________ they fought to grab the wheel while he was driving.
A．are; once B．are; as C．is; since D．is; unless
26．Paper ________ in ancient China more than 2,000 years ago.
A．invented B．was invented C．invent D．is invented
27．Every teacher and every student _________ that Taiwan is an inseparable part of us.
A．believe B．had believed C．believes D．have believed
28．Neither your sister nor mine__________the good news. Let’s tell them.
A．know B．knows C．knew D．known
29．I don’t think I ________ you in that dress before.
A．have seen B．was seeing C．saw D．see
30．Volunteering our time to help people ________ a good way to learn new things.
A．am B．are C．is D．was
31．Since May, more than one death from monkey pox infection ______ in this area, causing great concern of the local government.
A．has been reported B．have reported C．has reported D．have been reported
32．________ visitors who were trapped on the hill after the heavy rain ________ unknown yet.
A．A number of; were B．A number of; was
C．The number of; were D．The number of; was
33．Mr. Johnson, our teacher and friend, ______ invited to attend the meeting, ______ he would deliver a speech to the students.
A．was; which B．were; that C．were; where D．was; where
34．Though my recent quiz scores are ______, my teacher as well as my parents always ______ me.
A．discouraging; encourages B．discouraged; encourages
C．discouraging; encourage D．discouraged; encourage
35．Up to now, more than one high-rise building ______ around our city, making it bigger.
A．have been built B．are being built C．has been built D．is being built
36．—Can you get me the novels
—Of course. All but one of them ______ in our company the other day.
A．published B．was published
C．were published D．had been published
37．English was invented by people, not computers, and it________ the creativity of the human race.
A．is reflected B．had reflected C．reflects D．was reflected
38．This is one of the most popular novels ______ by the writer.
A．which have been written B．that have been written
C．which has been written D．that has been written
39．There ________ some good advice about how to reduce air pollution on the Internet.
A．are B．is C．have D．has
40．Her study is based on the hypothesis_________all men__________.
A．that…are born equal B．where… are born equally
C．when…being born equally D．whether … born equal
41．—I feel excited to talk with our teacher about sports!
—So do I. Not only we students but also our teacher ________ fond of watching basketball matches.
A．is B．had been C．have been D．were
42．Everybody ________to know the law, but few people do.
A．suppose B．supposes C．is supposed D．supposed
43．It’s reported that many a shelter hospital ______ at present in Shanghai.
A．is being built B．was built C．are being built D．have been built
44．Inside ______ an exhibition of the most up-to-date inventions of the 31st century.
A．has B．have C．was D．were
45．More than one robot ______ been tested out in the trial recently.
A．had B．have C．having D．has
46．As fossil fuels are unsustainable, alternative energy, such as sunlight, wind and water, _____ currently.
A．was employed B．is being employed
C．were employed D．are being employed
47．During the break, some students went to relax on the playground, but the rest ________ reviewing their lessons in the classroom.
A．are B．was C．were D．is
48．The remote village, which ________ distinctive economy for decades, seeks cooperation with big retailers（零售商）online.
A．will be developing B．has been developing
C．is developing D．had been developing
49．Quantities of food ________the charity every year.
A．are donated to B．is donated to C．are donated D．donate to
50．Great changes ________ in the town since 1988.
A．have taken place B．have been taken place
C．has taken place D．has been taken place
51．A recent study found that the number of smartphone users ________ sharply over the past five years.
A．has increased B．have increased C．is increasing D．are increasing
52．Listening to loud music at live rock concerts ________ caused hearing loss in some teenagers.
A．are B．is C．have D．has
53．It is reported that a great many houses_______at present in the disaster area.
A．are being built B．were built C．has built D．is being built
54．People said that Racing Horse ________ so skilfully with dark and light colours.
A．paints B．was painted C．is painted D．painted
55．It is we who ______ aware of danger first.
A．are B．is C．was D．were
56．The excitement of diving into the sea is hard to explain to ________hasn’t done it.
A．anyone B．those who C．whoever that D．someone who
57．Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight DA8633_________off at 6:30.
A．has taken B．took C．will be taken D．takes
58．None of the medicine I took ________ effective, but eating sensibly and exercising regularly ________ now my “personal” ways to boost immunity against flu.
A．was…is B．were…is C．was…are D．were…are
59．－Why does the river smell terrible
－Because large quantities of rubbish ______ there.
A．have thrown B．is being thrown
C．has been thrown D．have been thrown
60．Do you know ________.
A．how many populations there are in the world
B．how much population there is in the world
C．how many the population of the world is
D．what the population of the world is
参考答案：
1．C
【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：我的家人下星期天要去野餐。分析句子可知， next Sunday与一般将来时连用，family强调个体成员时谓语动词用复数形式，且go为瞬间动作，可用以现在进行时表将来。故选C项。
2．C
【详解】考查短语和主谓一致。句意：很多人被邀请参加聚会，但是到场的却只有10人。空1：根据其谓语动词were可知，此处意为“大量的、很多”，故表达为a number of...；空2：根据空后的of them可知，此处为“……的数量”，表达为the number of；空3：此处“the number of ...，作主语时，谓语动词应用单数，故填was。故答案为A number of，the number of，was，故选C。
3．A
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几年里，所有的市民都在努力使这个城镇变得更加美丽和文明。由“In the past few years”可知，句子时态用现在完成时，主语citizens是复数，因此空格处是have made，故选A。
4．A
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：在这一系列危机的背后，是各国对发展空间和石油控制的竞争。分析句子结构可知，此句是完全倒装结构，空格处为谓语动词；主语the competition是单数，谓语动词用is。故选A。
5．D
【详解】 考查宾语从句和主谓一致。句意：我们相信你正在做的事情非常重要。 believe后是一个宾语从句，省略了that，宾语从句中含有一个由what引导的主语从句，第一个空是what引导主语从句作动词do的宾语；主语从句后的谓语动词用单数，第二个空is为宾语从句中的谓语动词，故选D。
6．D
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：《红楼梦》是中国文学史上最著名的作品之一，据说是由多位作者共同创作的——不是合作作品，而是一部正统的续集，为原来部分增添了值得注意的“画龙点睛”。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语A Dream of Red Mansions为作品名称，one of Chinese literature’s most notable works为同位语成分，谓语动词用单数形式。故选D。
7．C
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：每个男孩和女孩都对课外活动很感兴趣。短语：show interest in“对……感兴趣”，句中主语 every boy and girl，boy 和 girl 是相对称的内容，指人的两种性别。前面使用 every 是为了加强语气：不是指有两个人， 而是表示不论男女，每一个“人”。为单数含义，主语和show为主谓关系，所以动词用单三形式。故选C。
8．B
【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：不仅是他，而且他所有的家人都热衷于音乐会，即使是在希特勒把世界置于危险之中的时候。设空处在句中作谓语动词，根据从句 “even when Hitler put the world at risk”可知谓语动词应用一般过去时；not only...but also...连接两个成分作主语时，谓语动词采取就近一致原则，即谓语动词要和与其最近的主语保持人称和数的一致,由此可知，设空处与all his family保持一致；根据句意可知，句中all his family指“他所有的家人”，谓语动词用复数，所以设空处应填were。故选B。
9．B
【详解】考查主谓一致和被动语态。句意：大量的钱被捐赠给需要帮助的孩子们。主语quantities是复数，谓语动词也用复数，且主语与谓语动词donate之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故选B项。
10．C
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去10年里，拥有汽车的人数有所增加。空处应填谓语动词的形式，由时间状语in the past 10 years可知应用现在完成时，句子主语为The number，谓语动词应用单数形式。故选C项。
11．C
【详解】考查时态以及主谓一致。句意：自2003年以来，就读中国大学的外国学生人数一直在增加。the number of“……的数量”，加可数名词的复数在句中作主语时，谓语动词也用第三人称单数形式。根据since 2003以及increasing 可知为现在完成进行时。故选C。
12．C
【详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：我认识布朗先生，我们是在一次国际会议上被介绍认识的。由“at an international conference”可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，句子表示“我们被介绍给对方”，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，即was/were done，主语we是复数，因此空格处是were introduced。故选C。
13．C
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：桌子上有一些面包和许多苹果。分析句子可知，该句为地点副词位于句首的完全倒装，主语some bread and many apples为复数名词，故谓语动词也应为复数形式。故选C项。
14．B
【详解】考查倒装句和主谓一致。句意：公园对面有两家书店。分析句子可知，该句为地点副词短语位于句首的完全倒装，主语two bookstores为复数形式，故谓语动词也应为复数形式，还原应为Two bookstores are opposite to the park。故选B项。
15．A
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：人体的重心位于他的膝关节后面。设空处是谓语动词，描述客观事实，用一般现在时， locate作谓语动词常用搭配为be located，意为“位于”，主语The center是单数，谓语用第三人称单数，故填A。
16．A
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：在我的收藏完成之前，我还需要一张邮票。分析可知，设空处为从句谓语，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，主语 my collection和谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语为单数，谓语用第三人称单数，故选A。
17．D
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：不是你就是校长在典礼上给有天赋的学生颁奖。结合句意此处表示将来的动作，应用一般将来时，be to do sth 表示“将要做某事”，either…or…意为“要么……要么……”，固定搭配，连接两个并列的名词或代词作主语时谓语动词的数依据临近原则，由空前的the headteacher，可知空处应用is to present。故选D项。
18．C
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去十年中，该地区被判无期徒刑的囚犯数量有所下降。根据时间状语 over the last decade可知，用现在完成时，主语The number of+复数名词，表示“……的数量”，谓语动词用单数形式。故选C。
19．D
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，这个村子80%以上的年轻人都去找工作了。根据时间状语“so far”可知，句子使用现在完成时。主语“More than 80 percent of the young people”表示复数含义，谓语动词也用复数。故选D。
20．C
【详解】考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：他的私人博物馆和他的艺术收藏品作为礼物赠送给了这个国家。together with连接两个并列的主语时，遵循就远原则，谓语动词的形式和较远的主语保持一致，本句和private museum保持一致，且主语和offer之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，故选C。
21．A
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：——你什么时候离开？——我的飞机在10：45起飞。设空处为谓语，按时间表运行的交通工具用一般现在时表将来，并且主语是单数，谓语用第三人称单数，故选A。
22．B
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：史蒂文一直在期待他在网上买的新iPad来在线上课，下周iPad就会送到他家里。由“which will be sent to his home next week”可知，他是自从在网上买了以后一直在期待新iPad的到来，时态用现在完成进行时，即have/has been doing，表示一个动作从过去持续到现在，且可能继续下去，主语Steven是单数，因此空格处是has been expecting，故选B。
23．C
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：她和她的朋友们现在正在看电视。根据句意及时间状语now可知，该句描述的是此刻正在进行的动作，故用现在进行时态，结构为be+doing。主语中有with连接的并列名词和代词时，谓语动词取决于with前的名词或代词，所以该句的be动词取决于She，故用单数形式is。故选C。
【点睛】引申：
主语中心词后面有表示“增、减、补充说明”的词组时，主谓一致仍看原中心词。
1. 表示增加的：as well as, with, along with, together with, in addition to, accompanied by, besides, plus等。
例：The man together with his wife and children sits on the sofa watching TV.
那个人和他的妻儿坐在沙发上看电视。
2. 表示减去的：except, but(除去)等。
例：All the students except Tom have been to America.
除汤姆外，其他学生都去过美国。
3. 表示补充说明的：including, rather than, like, such as等。
例：The factory, including its machines and buildings, was burnt last night.
这个工厂，包括机器和建筑物，昨晚都被烧了。
24．D
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：上海的人口数很大而且大多数居民是本地人。population 表示“人口数”并单独作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数；当主语是表示“人口的百分之几、几分之几”时,谓语动词用复数形式时，故选 D 。
25．B
【详解】考查主谓一致和原因状语从句。句意：不是Thomas而是他的姐姐们应该对车祸负责，因为她们在他开车时争抢方向盘。分析句子可知，not…but…意为“不是……而是………”，连接名词或代词作主语时，需遵循就近原则，因此第一个空处需使用be动词的复数形式are。第二个空处后句意完整，且该句是解释“姐姐们对车祸负责”的原因，因此可以使用as引导原因状语从句。故选B。
26．B
【详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：两千多年前，中国古代就发明了纸。由“2,000 years ago”可知，句子时态用一般过去时，纸是被发明，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，即was/were done，主语Paper是不可数名词，因此空格处是was invented，故选B。
27．C
【详解】考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：每一个老师和学生都相信台湾是我们不可分割的一部分。分析句子可知，在that引导的宾语从句中，从句谓语动词is为一般现在时，结合句意可知，主句也应为一般现在时。and连接的两个名词前有every修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式，所以此处谓语动词应为一般现在时单数形式。故选C项。
28．B
【详解】考查主谓一致和一般现在时。句意：你妹妹和我妹妹都不知道这个好消息。让我们告诉他们。根据“Let’s tell them.”可知，此处是指现在的客观事实，所以应用一般现在时。“neither...nor...”的主谓一致使用“就近原则”，mine是指“我的妹妹”，为第三人称单数。故选B。
29．A
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我以前没见过你穿这条裙子。由before可知，句子表示“我以前没见过你穿这条裙子”，空格处用现在完成时，主语I是第一人称，因此空格处是have seen。故选A。
30．C
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自愿花时间帮助别人是学习新事物的好方法。分析句子可知，该句中单个动名词短语作主语，谓语应使用单数形式，且该句描述客观事实，应使用一般现在时。故选C。
31．A
【详解】考查时态及语态。句意：自5月以来，该地区报告了一例以上的猴痘感染死亡，引起了当地政府的极大关注。根据时间状语Since May及句子结构可知，时态应用现在完成时，表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响。more than one death与report是动宾关系，故用被动语态，且主语more than one death是单数，助动词用has，故选A。
32．D
【详解】考查固定搭配和主谓一致。句意：大雨后被困在山上的游客人数尚不清楚。a number of意为“许多，大量”后接可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数；the number of意为“……的数量”，后接可数名词复数，谓语动词用单数。分析句子可知本句表示“困在山上的游客人数”用The number of符合题意，系动词用第三人称单数was。故选D。
33．D
【详解】考查主谓一致和定语从句。句意：我们的老师和朋友约翰逊先生被邀请参加会议，在会上他将向学生们发表演讲。第一个空处要填谓语动词，主语Mr. Johnson表单数，所以谓语动词也要用单数形式was invited；第二空处是非限制性定语从句，先行词meeting是地点名词，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，所以用关系副词where引导该从句。故选D。
34．A
【详解】考查形容词和主谓一致。虽然我最近的测验成绩令人沮丧，但我的老师和父母总是鼓励我。-ing形式形容词一般用来修饰物，表示事物的性质或特征；-ed形式形容词一般用来修饰人，表达人的情感和感觉。as well as连接两部分作主语时，谓语动词的形式由前一部分主语的人称和数来决定。第一空主语是quiz scores，指物，所以用-ing形式形容词作表语；第二空谓语动词根据主语my teacher决定，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选A。
35．C
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，我们城市周围已经建造了不止一座高层建筑，使其变得更大。根据时间状语up to now可知，句子使用现在完成时，build与主语building 之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，且“more than one+单数可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词应用单数形式，即has been built。故选C项。
36．C
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：——你能给我拿小说吗？——当然。几天前，除了一本外，所有的书都在我们公司出版了。结合时间状语the other day可知，一般过去时，主语All和谓语动词publish是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语All复数，谓语复数形式。故选C项。
37．C
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：英语是人类发明的，而不是计算机，它反映了人类的创造力。主语it指代English，是单数，主动语态，讲述客观事实，谓语动词reflect用一般现在时的单数形式。故选C项。
38．B
【详解】考查定语从句及从句中的主谓一致。句意：这是这位作家写的最受欢迎的小说之一。分析句子结构可知空处应填定语从句部分，先行词为novels，且先行词前有最高级修饰，关系代词只能用that，关系代词在定语从句中做主语时从句谓语动词的数应与先行词的数保持一致，先行词novels为复数，所以从句谓语动词应用复数形式。故选B。
39．B
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：网上有一些关于如何减少空气污染的好建议。there be 句型的主谓一致符合就近原则，句中的advice为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数，同时描述的是现在的客观事实，故应该是用一般现在时。故选B。
40．A
【详解】考查同位语从句，时态，主谓一致和形容词。句意：她的研究是以人人生而平等的假设为基础的。由“all men”和观察选项可知，“all men________”表示“人人生而平等”，“人出生”是be born，用形容词equal作状语，表状态，第二空是are born equal，hypothesis意为“假设”，其后是同位语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此第一空用that引导同位语从句，故选A。
41．A
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：——能和老师谈论体育，我感到很兴奋！——我也是。不仅我们学生喜欢看篮球比赛，我们老师也喜欢看。not only...but also...连接并列的主语时，其后的谓语动词的单复数根据就近原则来确定，也就是根据“our teacher”来定，“our teacher”是单数，排除C和D，根据语境可知，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，因此空格处用is，故选A。
42．C
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：每个人都应该知道法律，但很少有人这样做。be supposed to do sth.意为“应该做某事”，且本句的主语是“Everybody”，谓语动词应用第三人称单数，故选C项。
43．A
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：据报道，目前许多方舱医院在上海正被盖起来。many a +名词的单数形式作主语，谓语动词使用单数，故排除A、B项，又从时间状语 at present可得知与现在有关，表示现在正在进行的动作，用现在进行时，且主语shelter hospital与谓语build是被动关系，用被动语态，故选A。
44．C
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：里面是一个31世纪最新发明的展览。该句为全部倒装句，地点状语inside位于句首，要使用全部倒装，即将谓语动词提到主语前面，根据句意可知，句子是主系表结构，排除A和B项，该句中主语是an exhibition of the most up-to-date inventions of the 31st century(一个31世纪最新发明的展览)，为单数，所以应将系动词was提到主语前面，该句子正常顺序是An exhibition of the most up-to-date inventions of the 31st century was inside。故选C。
45．D
【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：最近，不止一个机器人在试验中进行了测试。“more than one +单数名词”用作主语时，其谓语通常用单数。根据句意“最近”可知，此题应用现在完成时。故选D项。
46．B
【详解】考查谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：由于化石燃料是不可持续的，目前正在使用替代能源，如阳光、风和水。根据句意和时间状语currently“目前”可知，此空要用现在进行时；句子主语为alternative energy，其后附件加成分“such as sunlight, wind and water”不影响主语的人称和数，energy是不可数名词，谓语用单数形式；主语与谓语动词employ之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态；综上，谓语动词employ用现在进行时的被动语态。故选B项。
47．C
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：课间休息时，一些学生去操场上放松，但其余的人在教室复习功课。根据上文went可知为一般过去时，排除AD，且此处the rest指上文students，故谓语应用复数形式。故选C。
48．B
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这个偏远的村庄几十年来一直注重发展特色经济，寻求与大型零售商的在线合作。由语意和句中的“for decades”可知这个村庄从几十年前开始发展特色经济一直持续到现在,而且这种状态还将继续持续下去。所以空处需填现在完成进行时，which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The remote village，在句中做主语，指代remote village，谓语动词用单数，所以填has been doing 。故选B项。
49．A
【详解】考查语态和主谓一致。句意：年有大量的食物被捐赠给慈善机构。donate sth. to sb.捐赠某物给某人，根据主语Quantities of food 可知，用被动语态，其被动形式为 sth. be donated to sb. quantities of +名词，在句中作主语时，其谓语动词一律用复数。故选A。
50．A
【详解】考查时态。句意：自1988年以来，这个城镇发生了巨大的变化。根据时间状语“since 1988”可知，句子应用现在完成时，动词短语take place没有被动语态，故选A项。
51．A
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：最近的一项研究发现，在过去的五年里，智能手机用户的数量急剧增加。根据时间状语“over the past five years”可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成进行时态：have/has been doing，表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在，将有可能继续下去， the number of +可数名词复数作主语，谓语动词需用单数，所以此处助动词需用has。故选A。
52．D
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在现场摇滚音乐会听吵闹的音乐已经导致一些青少年听力丧失。此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响，使用现在完成时，排除A项和B项，主语为动名词短语，助动词用has。故选D。
53．A
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：据报道，灾区目前正在建造许多房屋。由时间状语at present可知此处动词表示的动作正在进行，从句主语a great many houses与从句谓语动词build是被动关系，所以用现在进行时的被动语态（am/is/are being done）；a great many+名词复数做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。故选A项。
54．B
【详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：人们说《赛马》用深浅两种颜色画得很巧妙。Racing Horse是一幅画，是被画，且此画是以前画的，因此句子用一般过去时的被动语态，即was/were done，主语Racing Horse是单数，因此空格处是was painted，故选B。
55．A
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：我们首先意识到危险。此处为强调句，强调句子主语we，时态为一般现在时，谓语用复数。故选A。
56．D
【详解】考查定语从句和主谓一致。句意：潜入大海的兴奋感很难向没有这样做过的人解释。根据句意及所给选项可知，anyone可作介词to的宾语，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用who/that引导且不能省略，故A项错误；those作介词to的宾语，关系词在定语从句中作主语，可用who引导，who指代those，是复数概念，助动词应用have，故B项错误；whoever引导句子作介词to的宾语，且在从句中作主语，连词that多余，故C项错误；someone作介词to的宾语，关系词在从句中作主语，可用who引导，who指代someone，是单数概念，助动词用have，故D项正确。故选D。
57．D
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：看看时间表。快点！DA8633航班6:30就要起飞了。根据句中Hurry up!可知，飞机还没有起飞；再根据Flight DA8633和at 6:30可知，航班按照计划起飞，这种已经安排好，不轻易改变的事情，常用一般现在时表将来；Flight DA8633作主语，谓语用单数形式。故选D项。
58．C
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我服用的所有药物都没有效果，但现在合理饮食和定期锻炼是我提高对流感免疫力的“个人”方法。分析句子成分可知，第一个空格的主语为none of the medicine，因为medicine为不可数名词，所以谓语动词应该用单数，且根据定语从句中的took可知，句子描述的是过去的事件，所以要用一般过去时，所以第一空为was；第二个空格的主语为eating and exercising，是并列的动名词，代表两个动作，所以要看作复数，所以谓语动词用原形，且根据句中的时间状语now可知，句子描述的现在，所以要用一般现在时，所以第二空为are。故选C项。
59．D
【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：——为什么这条河很难闻 ——因为大量的垃圾被扔在那里。本句强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响，且主语rubbish和throw之间为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态；当名词被quantities of“大量”修饰时，谓语动词用复数形式。故选D。
60．D
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：你知道世界人口是多少吗？分析句子可知，句中population表示“世界人口”时，指某一国家或地区的人口时，谓语动词要用单数is，且在对人口的数量进行提问时，只能说What’s the population，而不能用how many和how much修饰，因为这里的population相当于the number of people，所以在提问时要使用疑问词what。故选D项。英语作文
1．假如你是李华，得知学校近期将举办毕业典礼（graduation ceremony），现需要招募英语主持人。请给活动负责人John写一封信。内容包括：
1.信息来源，写信目的；
2.自我介绍，申请理由；
3.表达谢意，盼望回复。
注意：
1.字数100字左右；
2.注意电子邮件（书信）的写作格式。
2．假设你是中学生李华，在英国学习，担任学校中国语言与文化社社长。近期，校学生会发布了举办“国际文化节”的通知，请结合通知要求写一封邮件申请参加此活动。
AnnouncementThis is to inform that the annual International Cultural Festival is to be held on June 15th, 2022.Any student club that intends to join please send an email to Internationalculturalfestival@ by May 15th, 2022 to apply for a booth（摊位）. The name of the booth and main activities should be included in the application. Student Union
注意：
1.词数80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Student Union,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
3．报社准备举办英语夏令营，开设了如下课程：街舞（hip-hop）、烹饪（cooking）、武术（kung fu）、护理（nursing）等。假如你是李华，写一封申请信给编辑，报名参加其中一门课程的学习。信的内容必须包括：
1. 你感兴趣的课程；
2. 你期望从这门课中学到什么；
3. 为什么想学这些内容。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
4．假定你是高一学生李华，你从学校网站（the school website）上得知学校模联（the Model UN）要招募（recruit）新成员。请给负责该工作的Ms. Wang写一封信，申请加入模联。包括下列要点：
1. 个人基本信息；
2. 学习情况和英语水平；
3. 优势或特长。
注意：
1. 词数80左右，开头和结尾已给出；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Ms. Wang,
I'm Li Hua, a freshman in our school.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your early reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
5．假定你是李华，下周你校外教Mr. Smith将组织主题为“Create Green Campus”的活动，需要招募活动志愿者，你想申请加入。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.咨询详情；
3.期盼回复。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. Smith,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
6．假定你是李华。你校英文报正在招聘校园记者，请写一封信应聘。注意：写作词数应为80左右。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
7．假定你是李华，你校英语广播电台正在招聘播音员。请你给负责人Mr. Jams写一封英文申请信，内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.英语能力及相关经验。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr. James,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
8．假定你是李华，你校英语俱乐部即将举办英语辩论赛(English debate contest)，目前正在招募主持人。请你给活动负责人Mrs. Jones写一封信，申请做主持人。内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.自身优势（知识、能力、经历等）；
3.表达期待。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mrs. Jones,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
9．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设今年暑假你们学校学生会组织部分学生开展支援边远地区一所学校的志愿者活动，正在招募志愿者。现有两个活动方案：一是暑期自费去当地一所学校开展教学工作；二是在暑期开展募捐，购买几台电脑和一些书籍寄往该学校。你有意向参加志愿者活动。
请你写一封信给学生会，信中包括：1、简要介绍你自己；
2、你报名参加哪一个项目；
3、简要说明你选择这个项目的理由。
10．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假如你是明启中学高三学生李华，最近你校“解忧”社团（Anxiety Relieving Club）正在招新，旨在帮助同学们排忧减压。你很想成为其中一员，请给社长写封申请信，内容须包括：
1. 你想加入该社团的理由；
2. 你对如何开展解忧活动的建议。
11．假设你是李明,刚从学校安排的“英国行”返回北京。请给在英国时借住的家庭写一封信, 信的内容主要包括:
1.你已安全返回北京；
2.感谢他们在英国期间的热情接待；
3.邀请他们来北京游览。
注意:
1.词数100左右, 开头语已为你写好；
2.文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称
Dear Mr and Mrs Johnson:
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes.
Yours sincerely
Li Ming
12．假定你是校学生会主席李华，上周五你在学校组织了帮助贫困地区孩子上学的慈善捐赠活动，你校外教Richard也给予了爱心捐赠。活动结束后，请你用英语给外教Richard写一封电子邮件。
要点包括：1.表示感谢；
2.捐赠情况；
3.征求建议。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Richard,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
13．假设你是学生会主席李华，学生会举办了英语演讲比赛，得到了外教David的大力帮助。活动圆满结束后，请你代表学生会用英语给他写一封感谢信。内容包括：
1. 感谢； 2. 外教的帮助； 3. 同学们的收获。
注意：
1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
14．假如你是李华。最近收到笔友John的电子邮件，得知他在学校的英语竞赛（English competition）中获得一等奖。请跟据以下内容给他写封电子邮件。
1.祝贺他取得的优异成绩；
2.告诉他你在学习中的苦与乐；
3.请他介绍他的学习方法。
注意：
1.词数100词左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
15．假定你是李华，在上周举行的校园英语戏剧表演比赛中，你班获得了第一名。请你给外教老师Mr. Green写一封信，感谢他的指导与帮助。内容包括：
1. 告知获奖消息；
2. 表达感谢。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. Green,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Li Hua
16．假设你是高二学生李华，得知你校的外教Peter即将结束在中国的教学并计划返回英国。请你给他写封感谢信，主要内容包括：
1.写作目的；
2.感谢他的付出；
3.表达你的祝福。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
17．假定你是李华，在某英文报社举办的主题为Together for a Shared Future的征文比赛中获得了一等奖，你打算对帮助你的外教Linda表示感谢。请你给她写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表达感谢；
2. 说明感谢的原因。
注意∶
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
18．假定你是李华。上周你校邀请外教Jackson做了一场关于“如何建立良好人际关系”的讲座，请你给他写一封感谢信，内容包括：
1．表达感谢：
2．总结收获;
3．你的期待。
注意：
1．词数80左右;
2．请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jackson，
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
19．假定你是李华，现在是新星中学高一新生，初三时在李老师的帮助下，英语进步很大，为表示感谢，给李老师写一封感谢信。要点如下：
1. 梦想成真，考上理想高中；
2. 因为李老师的辅导和鼓励，英语由差变好；
3. 对老师祝福。
注意： 1.词数： 100 词左右(已给部分不计人总词数)；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr/Miss Lee,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
20．假如你是李华，高中生活已经结束，这三年的时光弥足珍贵，请你给你最喜欢的同学或者老师写一封信，要点如下：
1)写信目的；
2)你们之间难忘的事情；
3)再次表示感谢与表达良好的祝愿。
注意： 1) 词数100左右。
可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考答案
1．Dear John,
I’m Li Hua, a student from Class 1, Senior 2. I learned from the school website that the English host for graduation ceremony is wanted. I am writing to apply for the position. I’m sure I am well qualified for the job.
To begin with, I can speak English fluently. In addition, I have once hosted different parties in our school. Therefore, I am experienced, which will contribute to my hosting the ceremony well. Last but not least, I’m capable of organizing activities and have a strong team spirit.
I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration. Looking forward to your early reply!
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封申请信，申请毕业典礼的英语主持人职位，在信中进行自我介绍并说明申请理由。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
首先：to begin with→first of all
此外：in addition→what’s more
因此：therefore→thus
能够做某事：be capable of doing sth.→be able to do sth.
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To begin with, I can speak English fluently.
拓展句：To begin with, I can speak English fluently, which makes me competent for English hosting.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】I learned from the school website that the English host for graduation ceremony is wanted.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Therefore, I am experienced, which will contribute to my hosting the ceremony well.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
2．Dear Student Union,
I am Li Hua, president of China language and Culture Society. I am glad to know that the annual International Cultural Festival is to be held on June 15th, 2022. I am writing to apply for a booth.
The name of the booth is Chinese Tea Art Show, where we will introduce different kinds of Chinese Tea and its benefits. Chinese tea is considered as the most beneficial drink with a long history of planting. It has become a green, healthy and popular drink in our daily life, through which we can enjoy a healthy and pleasant life. Besides students visiting our booth will enjoy drinking various Chinese tea.
I would appreciate it if you can take my application into account. Looking forward to your reply.
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生结合通知要求写一封邮件申请参加国际文化节活动。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
开心做某事：be glad to do sth→be pleased to do sth
被认为是：be considered as→be though as
高兴的：pleasant →happy
各种各样的：various→ all kinds of
2.句式拓展
原句：Chinese tea is considered as the most beneficial drink with a long history of planting.
拓展句：Chinese tea is considered as the most beneficial drink ,which has a long history of planting.
【点睛】
【高分句型 1】The name of the booth is Chinese Tea Art Show, where we will introduce different kinds of Chinese Tea and their benefits. （运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句。）
【高分句型 2】It has become a green, healthy and popular drink in our daily life, through which we can enjoy a healthy and pleasant life.（运用了through which引导的非限制性定语从句。）
3．One possible version:
Dear Sir/Madam,
Learning that the Summer Camp will be held, I'd like to register for nursing, because I have always dreamt of taking nursing as my occupation.
For one thing, I hope to gain a bit more knowledge and improve my competence of nursing so that it can qualify me to major in it at college. For another, learning more about nursing will allow me to take care of my parents better.
As is known to all, there are many senior citizens in China. Therefore, I want to devote my life to looking after them after I graduate from college.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封申请信给编辑，报名参加其中一门课程的学习。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
想要：would like to→want to
申请：register for→apply for
职业：occupation→job
照顾：take care of→ care for
2.句式拓展
原句：Learning that the Summer Camp will be held, I'd like to register for nursing, because I have always dreamt of taking nursing as my occupation.
拓展句：Since I learned that the Summer Camp will be held, I'd like to register for nursing, because I have always dreamt of taking nursing as my occupation.
【点睛】
【高分句型 1】Learning that the Summer Camp will be held, I'd like to register for nursing, because I have always dreamt of taking nursing as my occupation.（运用了that引导宾语从句）
【高分句型 2】As is known to all, there are many senior citizens in China. （运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句和there be句型）
4．Dear Ms. Wang,
I'm Li Hua, a freshman in our school. Learning on the school website that the Model UN is recruiting new members, I am writing to apply for a position.
Personally, I am outgoing and helpful, making me popular with people. Besides, I speak fluent English and have a great command of western cultures, which will help me perform well in the Model UN. Also, politics just fascinates me and to be a diplomat has always been my dream job. Thus, I do have the urge to have this precious opportunity.
I would be very grateful if you could take my application into consideration.
Looking forward to your early reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求给学校模联负责招募工作的Ms. Wang写一封申请信，申请加入模联。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
就个人而言：personally→ personally speaking
受欢迎的：popular→ welcomed
此外：besides → what’s more
吸引：fascinate →attract
因此：thus→ therefore
宝贵的：precious→valuable
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Personally, I am outgoing and helpful, making me popular with people.
拓展句：Personally, I am outgoing and helpful, which makes me popular with people.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】Personally, I am outgoing and helpful, making me popular with people.（运用了非谓语动词做结果状语）
【高分句型2】Besides, I speak fluent English and have a great command of western cultures, which will help me perform well in the Model UN.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
5．Dear Mr. Smith,
Learning that the activity Create Green Campus which aims at protecting the environment of our campus will be held next week. I’m writing to apply to become a volunteer and ask about some information about it.
First of all, I want to know what the volunteers are expected to do. Secondly, when and where will the volunteers perform their duties Thirdly, what tools or equipment will the volunteers need to prepare for their work Last but not least, how should students apply for this volunteer program
I genuinely hope I can join in it. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以李华的身份，给外教Mr. Smith写一封邮件，申请加入主题为“Create Green Campus”的活动。
【详解】
1. 词汇积累
执行，履行：perform→carry out
申请：apply for→put in for
真诚地：genuinely→honestly
参加：join in→participate in
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m writing to apply to become a volunteer and ask about some information about it.
拓展句：Because I want to apply to become a volunteer, I’m writing to ask about some information about it.
【点睛】
[高分句型] Learning that the activity Create Green Campus which aims at protecting the environment of our campus will be held next week. (运用which引导定语从句)
[高分句型] First of all, I want to know what the volunteers are expected to do. (运用what引导宾语从句)
6．Dear editor,
I am Li Hua, a student in Class 2, Grade 3. Having heard that the school’s English newspaper is recruiting reporters, I’m writing to apply for the position.
I am equipped with sufficient skills to do this job well. First, I am interested in reading English news in my spare time. Moreover, I am good at English writing. As for the topic of news, I would like to cover news about campus sports as I’m a crazy fan of football. I hope that I could win the chance to be a reporter.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英文报编辑写一封申请信，应聘校园记者。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
对……感兴趣：be interested in →show interest in
擅长：be good at →do well in
此外：Moreover →Besides
机会：chance →opportunity
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m writing to apply for the position.
拓展句：I’m writing to apply for the position, which I will spare no effort to devote myself to.
【点睛】
[高分句型1]Having heard that the school’s English newspaper is recruiting part-time reporters, I’m writing to apply for the position.（运用了现在分词完成式作状语）
[高分句型2]I hope that I could win the chance to be a reporter. （运用了that引导宾语从句）
7．Dear Mr. James,
Knowing that you are looking for an English news announcer, I am writing to apply for this post.
Firstly, I have a good command of oral English. I won the first prize in the Spoken English Contest in my school last year. Besides, working as a part-time English tour guide has contributed to the fluency of my oral English. Finally, I have a great passion for this job.
I would appreciate it if you could take my application into account. Looking forward to your early reply!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英语广播电台负责人Mr. Jams写封信，申请当播音员，内容包括：1.写信目的；2.英语能力及相关经验。
【详解】
1. 词汇积累
职位：post→position
另外：besides→moreover
最后：finally→at last
考虑：take...into consideration→take...into account
2. 句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Firstly, I have a good command of oral English. I won the first prize in the Spoken English Contest in my school last year.
拓展句：Firstly, I have a good command of oral English, which enabled me to win the first prize in the Spoken English Contest in my school last year.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] Knowing that you are looking for an English news announcer, I am writing to apply for this post. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] I would appreciate it if you could take my application into account. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
8．Dear Mrs. Jones,
Knowing that the English Club is planning to hold an English debate contest and the host is in need, I’m writing to apply for the position.
I am convinced that I am qualified for the contest host. First of all, I have a good knowledge of spoken English, which has helped me win twice in the city English speaking contest. Secondly, I am good-looking, quick-minded, easygoing and good at communicating with others. What’s more, I used to act as host of our school New Year’s party. From the experience, I have learned how to organize an activity.
I would appreciate it if you could give me the opportunity. I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达是应用文。要求考生给活动负责人Mrs. Jones写一封信，申请做英语辩论赛的主持人。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
举办：hold→host
有资格：be qualified for→be fit for
首先：First of all→firstly
此外：What’s more→besides
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：What’s more, I used to act as host of our school New Year’s party. From the experience, I have learned how to organize an activity.
拓展句：What’s more, I used to act as host of our school New Year’s party, from which I have learned how to organize an activity.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】Knowing that the English Club is planning to hold an English debate contest and the host is in need, I’m writing to apply for the position.（由that引导的宾语从句以及现在分词作原因状语）
【高分句型2】I am convinced that I am qualified for the contest host.（由that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型3】First of all, I have a good knowledge of spoken English, which has helped me win twice in the city English speaking contest.（由which引导的非限制性定语从句）
9．Dear Students Union,
I’m Li Hua, a 16-year-old student in N.6 High School. Hearing that our school will organize some students to hold volunteer activities aiming to support a school in the remote area, I’m writing to apply to be a voluntary teacher and teach at the local school in this summer vacation. And the reasons why I choose it are as follows.
I love teaching and I’ve been dreaming to be an English teacher since I was young. So I will put great enthusiasm into teaching at this local school. Additionally, I have proficiency in both written and spoken English which you can tell from my academic performance, and thus I’m qualified to offer professional guidance to students there.
I do hope that you can consider my application so that I can make some contribution to the voluntary cause of our school and this remote school.
Best wishes!
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】
本篇是一篇应用文，学生会正在招募志愿者，开展支援边远地区学校的志愿者活动，写一封申请信，表明自己申报志愿者的具体内容和原因。
【详解】
1. 词汇积累
举办：hold→carry out
支援：support→assist
投入：put into→ devote to
考虑：consider→take……into consideration
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m writing to apply to be a voluntary teacher and teach at the local school in this summer vacation.
拓展句：I’m writing to apply to be a voluntary teacher, who can teach at the local school in this summer vacation.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] Hearing that our school will organize some students to hold volunteer activities aiming to support a school in the remote area, I’m writing to apply to be a voluntary teacher and teach at the local school in this summer vacation. (运用了非谓语现在分词结构)
[高分句型2] Additionally, I have proficiency in both written and spoken English which you can tell from my academic performance, and thus I’m qualified to offer professional guidance to students there.(运用了定语从句)
10．Dear Sir/Madam,
I am very glad to hear that our school is going to set up Anxiety Relieving Club to help students relieve stress. As a warm-hearted and outgoing boy, I am eager to become a member of it.
At the beginning of high school, I was under great pressure. Thanks to the help of teachers and classmates, I came out of the haze, so I have the experience of helping other students reduce pressure. I have found that many students under great pressure are shy and don’t like to communicate with others, so I think helping them become active is the key. It’s a good choice to let them join study groups and sports activities.
I would appreciate it if you could take my suggestions into consideration. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封申请信，申请成为学校“解忧”社团的一员，信中介绍你想加入该社团的理由和你对如何开展解忧活动的建议。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→happy
创立：set up→establish
害羞的：shy→self-conscious
建议：suggestion→advice
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：At the beginning of high school, I was under great pressure.
拓展句：At the beginning of high school, I was under great pressure, which made me sad.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】I am very glad to hear that our school is going to set up Anxiety Relieving Club to help students relieve stress.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】I have found that many students under great pressure are shy and don’t like to communicate with others, so I think helping them become active is the key.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
11．Dear Mr and Mrs Johnson:
I'm writing to tell you that I had a safe journey back to Beijing. Thanks to your hospitality, I had a wonderful time in England. It was my first time to go abroad and I was naturally bit nervous when I first arrived. When I saw you at the airport, however, I knew from your warm smile of welcome that everything would be all right. With Jenny's help, I visited so many places of interest in England, which leaves me quite a good memory. I hope some day you will come to visit Beijing and I can return your kindness.
Best wishes.
Yours sincerely
Li Ming
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于刚从学校安排的“英国行”返回北京这一情况，给在英国时借住的家庭写一封信。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
多亏，由于：Thanks to→ owing to
紧张的：nervous → stressed out
拜访：visited→ pay a visit to
希望：hope→ wish
2.句式拓展
简单句变强调句
原句：It was my first time to go abroad and I was naturally bit nervous when I first arrived.
强调句：It was the first time that I went abroad and I was naturally bit nervous when I first arrived.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】With Jenny's help, I visited so many places of interest in England, which leaves me quite a good memory.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】When I saw you at the airport, however, I knew from your warm smile of welcome that everything would be all right.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句。）
12．Possible version:
Dear Richard,
I’d like to thank you for your donation and your generous heart for the donation event last Friday. You know any help, big or small, will make a big difference to the children’s future. I’m sure you’ll be pleased to hear that we managed to raise 10,000 yuan that day. With the money we bought some books, pens, pencils and rubbers, which are on their way to the poor regional area. Next year, I will organize the same event. Do you have any great ideas to share that might make it more successful
Looking forward to your earliest reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生用英语给外教Richard写一封电子邮件，向他介绍上周五你在学校组织了帮助贫困地区孩子上学的慈善捐赠活动，并对他给予的爱心捐赠表示感谢。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
高兴的：pleased →glad
成功地做某事：manage to do →succeed in doing
期望：look forward to →expect
答复：reply → answer
2.句式拓展
句型转换
原句：You know any help, big or small, will make a big difference to the children’s future.
拓展句：You know it is any help, big or small that will make a big difference to the children’s future.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】With the money we bought some books, pens, pencils and rubbers, which are on their way to the poor regional area.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】I’m sure you’ll be pleased to hear that we managed to raise 10,000 yuan that day.（运用了宾语从句）
13．One possible version:
Dear David,
On behalf of the Student Council, I’m writing to express my gratitude for your selfless assistance in the English Speech Contest, without which the contest couldn’t have been a success.
Under your instructive guidance, we performed very well. Not only did you help the contestants polish their words, but also you guided us on the way to exploring the essence of language, which will undoubtedly broaden our horizons in Chinese and western culture.
Your professional help is of great benefit to us. For one thing, it is you that have built up our confidence in language learning, for another, we have caught a glimpse of the differences between eastern and western languages.
Thanks again for your generous assistance.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对外教David在举办英语演讲比赛期间提供的帮助表示感谢。同时也要介绍同学们在活动中的收获。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
代表：on behalf of→in the name of
感激：gratitude→appreciation
比赛：contest→competition
帮助：help sb. do sth.→assist sb. to do sth.
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Your professional help is of great benefit to us.
拓展句：There is no denying that your professional help is of great benefit to us.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】On behalf of the Student Council, I’m writing to express my gratitude for your selfless assistance in the English Speech Contest, without which the contest couldn’t have been a success. (运用了介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】 Not only did you help the contestants polish their words, but also you guided us on the way to exploring the essence of language, which will undoubtedly broaden our horizons in Chinese and western culture. (运用了部分倒装句，同时运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
14．Dear John,
I am glad to know that you got the first prize in the English competition in your school. Congratulations! I strongly believe that your hard work and determination contribute to your success.
It's been two years since I entered the senior high school. Sometimes when I meet with some difficulties, I feel depressed. But I feel content more often because study occupies most of my time, for I know success lies in hard work. Only by making every effort can I realize my dream of going to college.
You are so good at studying, so would you please introduce some of your learning methods to me
I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文写作。要求考生向笔友John写一封信，祝贺John在英语竞赛中获得一等奖，并分享自己在学习中的苦与乐，向他求教学习方法。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
高兴：glad→ happy
导致、带来：contribute to → result in/lead to
沮丧的：depressed → dejected/disheartened
源自于：lie in→ result from
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Only by making every effort can I realize my dream of going to college.
拓展句：Only if I can make every effort, I can realize my dream of going to college.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】I strongly believe that your hard work and determination contribute to your success.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Sometimes when I meet with some difficulties, I feel depressed.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
15．Dear Green,
I'm writing to tell you good news. Our class has won the first prize in our school's English drama performance competition. I really appreciate your guidance and great help．Looking back on the process of preparing for the contest, I'll never forget the great progress we made with your help. Not only did you correct the mistakes in our pronunciation, you also recommended wonderful English drama videos for us to imitate．What's more, it was your constant encouragement that inspired us to be confident, which played a vital role in winning the contest. Through the contest, I've realized that only when we set a goal and work hard towards it can we gain success in the end. Many thanks again．
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。现要求考生给外教老师Mr. Green写一封信，感谢他在上周举行的校园英语戏剧表演比赛中给你班的指导与帮助。其中内容包括告知获奖消息以及表达感谢。
【详解】
词汇积累
帮助：help→ assistance
鼓舞：inspire→ motivate
至关重要的：vital →crucial
意识到：realize → be aware of
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I'm writing to tell you good news. Our class has won the first prize in our school's English drama performance competition.
拓展句：I'm writing to tell you good news that our class has won the first prize in our school's English drama performance competition.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】 Not only did you correct the mistakes in our pronunciation，you also recommended wonderful English drama videos for us to imitate．（运用了not only放句首引导的半倒装结构）
【高分句型2】What's more, it was your constant encouragement that inspired us to be confident, which played a vital role in winning the contest. （运用了强调句和which引导的非限制性定语从句）
16．Dear Peter,
I am Li Hua, a student from your English class in Senior 2. Hearing that you are returning to your motherland soon, I feel obliged to express my heartfelt appreciation to you.
It is your continuous encouragement and professional guidance that have boosted my confidence and empowered me to explore the beauty of English. Never shall I forget your patience and support, which have given me the strength to overcome difficulties. Besides, your informative classes with your creativity and passion have been such a joyful harvest that they have not only sharpened my language skills, but also fueled my enthusiasm for various cultures. Words really fail to convey my gratefulness for your unreserved help.
Wish you a pleasant journey home. May you inspire others to achieve the greatness you have.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是高二学生李华，得知你校的外教Peter即将结束在中国的教学并计划返回英国。请你给他写封感谢信。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
返回：return to→go back to
表达：express→convey
指导：guidance→instruction
促进：boost→promote
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Hearing that you are returning to your motherland soon, I feel obliged to express my heartfelt appreciation to you.
拓展句：Since I heard that you are returning to your motherland soon, I feel obliged to express my heartfelt appreciation to you.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] Hearing that you are returning to your motherland soon, I feel obliged to express my heartfelt appreciation to you. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] It is your continuous encouragement and professional guidance that have boosted my confidence and empowered me to explore the beauty of English. (运用了强调句)
17．One possible version:
Dear Linda,
I’m writing to express my heartfelt thanks to you. I’m delighted to tell you that I have won the first prize in the essay contest titled “Together for a Shared Future”.
Thank you for taking the time to edit the article for me. You were so careful that you pointed out and corrected all the mistakes I had made in the essay. To be frank, without your help, I couldn’t have won the prize.
I really appreciate your precious time and generous help. I will reward your effort with even greater progress in the days to come.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生在获得征文比赛一等奖之后，写一封邮件，对给予帮助的外教琳达表示感谢。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
真诚的：heartfelt→sincere
高兴的：delighted→pleased
坦率地说：to be frank→frankly speaking
感激：appreciate→be grateful
2.句式拓展
陈述句变强调句
原句：I really appreciate your precious time and generous help.
拓展句：It is your precious time and generous help that I really appreciate.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】I’m delighted to tell you that I have won the first prize in the essay contest titled “Together for a Shared Future”.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】You were so careful that you pointed out and corrected all the mistakes I had made in the essay.（运用了that引导结果状语从句，省略that引导的限制性定语从句）
18．Possible version：
Dear Jackson,
How’s everything I am Li Hua, a student who attended the lecture you delivered last Friday. I’m writing to tell you how much I learned from it and convey my gratitude.
Your lecture on “How to build up healthy interpersonal relationship” featured solutions to problems students face every day with each other．I learned that maintaining positive relationships requires mutual understanding, respect and trust. I applied this knowledge to resolving a quarrel with my roommate who had ignored me for a week. In your next lecture I am expecting to learn more about being on good terms with family members．
Once again, thank you for your enlightening/instructive/helpful lecture, and hopefully I will see you in the near future!
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Jackson写一封感谢信，感谢他上周为学校做了一场关于“如何建立良好人际关系”的讲座。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
表达：convey→express
解决：resolve→solve
保持；维持：maintain→keep
参加：attend→take part in
2.句式拓展
原句：I learned that maintaining positive relationships requires mutual understanding,respect and trust.
拓展句：What I have learned is that maintaining positive relationships requires mutual understanding, respect and trust.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】I am Li Hua, a student who attended the lecture you delivered last Friday.(运用了who引导的定语从句)
【高分句型2】Your lecture on “How to build up healthy interpersonal relationship”featured solutions to problems students face every day with each other.(运用了省略关系代词that/which的定语从句)
19．Dear Mr./Miss Lee,
I am writing to express my thanks for helping me improve my English. Without your help, I would not be a student of Senior 1 student in Xinxing Middle School.
I still remember the days when you taught me English in Grade 3 of Junior High School, my English was once poor, but you were very patient with me and tried to tutor me after class. My English was greatly improved because of your encouragement. Without your help, I wouldn’t have realized my dream. I wish more and more of your students could go to their ideal middle school. Wish you healthy and lead a happy life!
Again, I sincerely thank you for your help!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文写作。要求考生向李老师写一封感谢信，感谢李老师在初三时对自己的帮助，并给老师祝福。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
感激：thanks→ gratitude
因为：because of → thanks to/due to
实现梦想：achieve one’s dream → realize one’s dream
真诚地：sincerely→ genuinely
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Without your help, I would not be a student of Senior 1 student in Xinxing Middle School.
拓展句：If you hadn’t helped me, I would not be a student of Senior 1 student in Xinxing Middle School.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】I still remember the days when you taught me English in Grade 3 of Junior High School.（运用了when引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】I wish more and more of your students could go to their ideal middle school .（运用了省略that的宾语从句）
20．Dear Ms. Zhang,
I’m writing to express my sincere gratitude to you. You are the very person who gave me a hand when necessary.
With the Midterm Examination around the corner, I was nervous and in low spirits, being afraid of letting my parents down because of my average academic performance. When I was at a loss and on the point of giving up, as my headteacher, you asked me to go to your office. Instead of blaming me, you comforted me and discussed with me the reasons for my failing in the exam. More unforgettably, you managed to help me with my study and always inspired me from time to time. Gradually, I learned how to adjust to myself and stayed calm in the exam.
Mrs Zhang, I’m more than grateful for what you have done for me, from which I’ve got to know it is never too late to get back when there is still hope. Wish you happiness and good health.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求即将结束高中生活的考生给同学或老师写一封感谢信。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
表达：express→convey
真诚的：sincere→heartfelt
帮助某人：give sb. a hand→do sb. a favor
保持冷静：stay calm→keep calm
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Gradually, I learned how to adjust to myself and stayed calm in the exam.
拓展句：Gradually, I learned how to adjust to myself and stayed calm in the exam, which made me achieve good results in the exam.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】You are the very person who gave me a hand when necessary. (运用了who引导的限定性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Mrs Zhang, I’m more than grateful for what you have done for me, from which I’ve got to know it is never too late to get back when there is still hope. (运用了what引导的宾语从句和介词+which引导的非限定性定语从句)专题六 非谓语动词
一、填空题
1.I have read a book ______________(entitle) Phrasal Verbsin Conversation by Colin Mortimer.
2.Doumen is so ________(appeal) that it fascinates tourists from all over the province.
3.He arrived an hour late, completely _______(upset) our plan for the picnic.
4.The crowd cheered widely at the sight of the champion, who was reported _________ (break) the world record.
5.The car club couldn't guarantee _________(meet) the demands of all its members.
二、单选题
6.Our headmaster forbids __________ during stay in the school.
A. to smoke B. smoke C. smoking D. to smoking
7.Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
A.used B.to use C.using D.use
8.The engine just won’t start. Something seems _______ wrong with it.
A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone
9.Lionel Messi, ________the record for the most goals in a calendar year, is considered the most talented football player in Europe.
A.set B.setting C.to set D.having set
10.There are some health problems that, when in time, can become bigger ones later on.
A.not treated B.not being treated
C.not to be treated D.not having been treated
三、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese TV drama Awakening Age, which narrates the story of how the Communist Party of China(CPC) ①________(found) in 1921, ended several months ago, but it remains a hot topic on social media, ②________ the discussion shows that it has played a positive role in educating young people about China's revolutionary history.
The TV series ③________ (celebrate) this year's 100th anniversary of the founding of the CPC has won high praise online. The stories of the young people in the drama - who devoted everything, even their lives, ④________ the revolution- have touched a large number of viewers. The storytelling in the show has also been praised by viewers for successfully showing the ⑤________ (deep) of the CPC's history and spirit, as well as the warmth of China and every family in the country.
Many audiences were inspired to find background information about the series and commented that this is their first time ⑥________ (learn) the history about the founding of the Party and the country. “I read many of Lu Xun's novels such as A Madman's Diary when I was in elementary school, ⑦________ I couldn't understand why he wrote them or the angry feelings hiding in the characters. After watching the drama, I read ⑧________ (they) again and found that I can now understand ⑨________ they wanted to convey to readers," said Li Lin, ⑩________ 18-year-old viewer.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：entitled
解析： book与entitle之间是动宾关系, 用过去分词短语作后置定语。故填:entitled。
2.答案：appealing
解析： 分析句子结构可知, 空格处应该用形容词做表语, appeal的形容词是appealing, 意思是"吸引人的"。故填appealing。
3.答案：upsetting
4.答案：to have broken
解析：句意为:观众一看到这位据报道打破了世界纪录的冠军就欢呼起来。be reported to do sth意为“据报道做某事”,而“打破世界纪录”发生在“报道”前,故用不定式的完成式。故填to have broken。
5.答案：to meet
解析：句意为:汽车俱乐部不能保证满足所有会员的要求。guarantee to do sth意为“保证做某事”。故填to meet。
二、
6.答案：C
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:我们的校长禁止在校期间吸烟。forbid表示“禁止”，其用法为forbid sb. to do sth.或forbid doing sth.,此处forbid后面没有人称，所以用动名词形式。
7.答案：A
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:如果正确使用的话,普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。Ordinary soap can deal with bacterial effectively是主句, ________ correctly是条件状语,修饰ordinary soap, ordinary soap和use之间是被动关系,故要用过去分词,A选项正确。
8.答案：B
解析：to go不定式; to have gone不定式+现在完成时态; going动名词/现在分词; having gone现在完成时态。seem to..." 好像..."固定搭配。C、不正确。由于"出毛病"这个动作发生在"不能发动"之前,所以用动词不定式的完成式( to have done )表示动作已经发生。这里用to have gone。故选:B。
9.答案：D
解析：考查非谓语动词作状语。句意为:在一个日历年度创下了最多的进球纪录,莱昂内尔·梅西被认为是欧洲最有才华的足球运动员。由句意知,“创纪录”在先,“被认为是最有才华的足球运动员”在后,故用现在分词的完成时。
10.答案：A
解析：考查状语从句的省略:句意为:有些健康问题,如果不及时处理,以后会变得更严重。when not treated in time为插入语,在本句中为时间状语从句,把that can become bigger ones later on这个定语从句给隔开了。when引导时间状语从句时,可以出现省略的现象,但必须满足两个条件:首先,时间状语从句中的主语必须和主句主语一致;其次,从句中含有be动词。本句中补充完整的状语从句为:when they are not treated in time,其它选项形式不对。故答案为A项。
三、
答案：1. was founded 2.where 3.celebrating4. to5.depth6. to learn7. but8.them 9. what10 an
解析： ①句意:讲述中国共产党如何在1921年成立的故事的中国电视剧《觉醒时代》在几个月前结束了,但它仍然是社交媒体上的热门话题,讨论表明它在教育年轻人关于中国革命史方面发挥了积极作用。描述过去的事情,所以用一般过去时态, found和主语之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,主语为专有名词,故填was founded。
②句意:讲述中国共产党如何在1921年成立的故事的中国电视剧《觉醒时代》在几个月前结束了,但它仍然是社交媒体上的热门话题,讨论表明它在教育年轻人关于中国革命史方面发挥了积极作用。先行词为social media,在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语,故填where。
③句意:这部庆祝今年中国共产党成立100周年的电视剧在网上赢得了高度评价。celebrate和它所修饰的词之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词作后置定语,故填celebrating。
④句意:剧中的年轻人为革命献出了切,甚至他们的生命,他们的故事感动了大量的观众。devote to致力于,为固定搭配,故填to。
⑤句意:该剧的叙事方式也受到观众的好评,因为它成功地展现了中国共产党历史和精神的深度,以及中国和每个家庭的温暖。作宾语,所以用名词,表示抽象概念,为不可数名词,故填depth。
⑥句意:许多观众受到启发,查找了该剧的背景信息,并表示这是他们第一次了解党和国家的成立历史。序数词后跟不定式作后置定语,故填to learn。
⑦句意:我读了很多鲁迅的小说,如《狂人日记》,当我在小学的时候,但我不明白为什么他写他们或隐藏在人物的愤怒的感情。前后是转折关系,所以用but连接,故填but。
⑧句意:“我读了很多鲁迅的小说,如个疯子的日记,当我在小学的时候,但我不明白为什么他写他们或隐藏在人物的愤怒的感情。看完这部剧后,我又读了一遍,发现我现在能够理解它们想要传达给读者的信息。"18岁的观众李琳(音译)说。作宾语,所以用宾格代词,故填them。
⑨句意:"我读了很多鲁迅的小说,如个疯子的日记,当我在小学的时候,但我不明白为什么他写他们或隐藏在人物的愤怒的感情。看完这部剧后,我又读了一遍,发现我现在能够理解它们想要传达给读者的信息。"18岁的观众李琳(音译)说。引导宾语从句,在从句中作宾语,表示"什么,故填what。
⑩句意:“我读了很多鲁迅的小说,如一个疯子的日记,当我在小学的时候,但我不明白为什么他写他们或隐藏在人物的愤怒的感情。看完这部剧后,我又读了一遍,发现我现在能够理解它们想要传达给读者的信息。"18岁的观众李琳(音译)说。泛指一个,所以用不定冠词,18-year-old是以元音音素开头的,故填an。专题七 主谓一致
一、填空题
1.The father as well as his children ___________________(go) skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.
2.Not only Tom and Mary but also I ________ (be) fond of watching television.
3.The poet and artist ____ (be) coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.
4.Pupils, who usually come from the fifth or sixth grade, ________ (divide) into different teams and try to write down every word according to its pronunciation.
5.Praise not only brings joy to those who ______ (praise) but also adds pleasure to those who praise.
二、单选题
6.Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, ___________ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
A.regard B.is regarded C.are regarded D.regards
7.The factory used 65% of the raw materials, the rest of which ___________ saved for other purposes.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
8.Jim , as well as his friends who ____football games, ___traveled with the team .
A.likes; has B.like; have C.like; has D.likes; have
9._______ farm-to-table is long-term trend or a passing fad_____ not clear.
A. If... is B. Whether...is C. That...are D. Why... are
10.Many a famous pop star in the concert tonight, so I'm looking forward to it very much.
A. are to perform B. is performing
C. was performing D. were to perform
三、单句改错
11.The worker and poet are invited to the party the other day.
12.When the party will be held are not certain now.
13.On the back wall hangs two portraits, which attract my attention.
14.It is human errors, rather than the natural disaster, that is to blame for the death of so many innocent people in the landslide at an industrial park in Shenzhen.
15.All the injured was taken to the hospital right away.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：goes
解析：考查主谓一致。句意:冬天的每个星期天下午,这位父亲和他的孩子们都会在冰冻的河面上滑冰。as well as连接两个并列成分作主语时,谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。
2.答案：am
解析： 考查主谓一致。句意:不仅汤姆和玛丽,我也喜欢看电视。not only… but also连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词与靠近的主语一致,即就近原则。故此处根据主语I决定谓语动词填am。
3.答案：is
解析：句意:一个诗人兼艺术家明天下午要来给我们讲关于中国文化和绘圆的知识。考查主谓一致。a poet and artist 指同一个人,所以谓语动词用单数形式。
4.答案：are divided
5.答案：are praised
二、
6.答案：B
解析：句意:现在,骑自行车、慢跑和游泳被认为是最全面的锻炼方式之一。根据动词短语regard...as...(把……看做……)和句意,确定应该用被动语态,排除A和D;由介词短语along with 连接的三个名词作主语,谓语动词应该就前一致,即用单数,排除C。故选B。
7.答案：D
解析：the rest of +主语, 谓语动词的单复数形式视主语而定。定语从句the rest of which...中的主语是which, 指代前文的the raw materials, 是个复数形式, 故谓语动词用复数形式, 且主句的时态为过去时, 所以从句的时态也为过去时。句意: 工厂用了65%的原材料, 剩下的保存下来另作他用。故选D。
8.答案：C
解析：考查主谓一致。本题的第一空谓语动词与his friends保持一致,故使用复数形式;第二空与Jim保持一致。故C正确。
考点:考查主谓一致
点评:当“名词+as well as+另一名词”做主语时候,谓语动词与第一个名词保持一致。
9.答案：B
解析：考查名词性从句和主谓一致。句意：“从农场到餐桌”是长期趋势还是昙花一现尚不清楚。“ whether…or…”意为"是…还是”。为固定句式， whether在此处引导主语从句。主语从句作主语时，为第三人称单数，所以be动词应用is。故选B。
10.答案：B
解析：考查主谓一致及动词时态。句意：许多著名的流行歌手将在今晚的音乐会中表演，所以我非常期待。分析题意，Many a 译为“许多的”修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。同时，现在进行时可以表示按计划或安排将要发生的事，给人一种期待感。故选B项。
三、
11.答案：are→is
解析：考查主谓一致。句意:这位工人兼诗人几天前被邀请参加这个聚会。根据句子可知,the worker and poet做主语,指的是一个人,表示这个人既是工人也是诗人,所以主语是单数,故将are改为is。
12.答案：When the party will be held not certain now.
解析：考查主谓一致。句意:聚会什么时候举行现在还不确定。分析可知 “When the party will be held”是主语从句，句子作主语看作第三人称单數，谓语动词应用单数形式。故are改为is。
13.答案：On the back wall two portraits, which attract my attention.
解析： 考查主谓一致。句意:后面墙上挂着两幅肖像画,这引起了我的注意。分析句子成分可知, On the back wall为表示地点的介词短语,放句首时,句子完全倒装,所以主语应为two portraits,谓语动词的单复数应与主语保持一致,再结合后半句的时态可知,应用一般现在时,所以谓语动词应为hang。故将hangs改为hang。
14.答案：第二个is→are
解析：此句是强调句, 强调主语human errors。根据"主谓一致"原则, 当主语后面有rather than等介词短语时, 谓语动词的数要和介词短语前的主语的数保持一致, 所以that后的谓语动词的数应取决于主语human errors。故将第二个is改为are。
15.答案：was→were
解析："the+形容词"表示一类人, 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数形式。专题七 主谓一致
一、填空题
1.Not only Tom but also Mary and I ________________(be) fond of playing football.
2.To master a foreign language _____(be) of great importance nowadays.
3.His study shows that when robins (知更鸟) _________(expose) to light at night in the lab, it leads to some genes being active at the wrong time of day.
4.Every boy and every girl, along with their teachers, _____ (want) to know how CGI is used to make visual special effects.
5.Tom，as well as his friends，______（be）going to visit the Great Wall this winter vacation
二、单选题
6.For all youngsters, tomorrow will be another day, no matter how hard you _____.
A. were hit B. have been hit C. had been hit D. were hitting
7.Neither Jim nor I ________ curious about Australia, because both of us _______ there before.
A. are; has gone B. am; have gone C. is; have been D. am; have been
8.As is reported, many a military medical worker _______ in Wuhan to help fight the deadly epidemic.
A. has been stationed B. has stationed
C. have stationed D. have been stationed
9.Charles is crazy about antiques and included in his closet______a collection of vases in various shapes and sizes.
A.has B.is C.have D.are
10.Either you or one of your students __________ to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.
A.is B. are C. will be D. was
三、语法填空
Queen Elizabeth II, the UK’s longest-serving monarch, has died at Balmoral aged 96, after reigning for 70 years. She died peacefully on Thursday afternoon at her Scottish estate, ①________ she had spent much of the summer. The Queen came to the throne in 1952 and ②________ (witness) enormous social changes ever since.
Her son King Charles III said the death of his beloved mother was a “moment of great sadness” for him. “We mourn ③________ (profound) the passing of a cherished sovereign and a much-loved mother. I know her loss will be deeply felt throughout the country, the realms and the Commonwealth ( 英联邦国家), and by countless people around the world.” The UK began ④________ 10-day mourning period on Sept 9th.
Born in 1926, Elizabeth has experienced the rise of fascism and the fall of the Berlin Wall, World War II, the conquest of space, the global ⑤________ (finance) crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the Russia-Ukraine conflict. She devoted her life to ⑥________ (serve) her country and the Commonwealth and saw 15 British prime ministers come and go.
She was a popular queen who was also respected ⑦________ her knowledge of and ⑧________ (participate) in state affairs. The prime ministers who served under her ⑨________ (impress) by her knowledge of state affairs and her passion for work.
She is now the past, and her successor, King Charles III, is the future. Where Britain goes from here remains ⑩________ (see).
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：are
解析：not only...but also:不但…而且…,是一个关联词。当not only...but also…弓}导的成分做主语时,谓语动词的形式遵循就近原则。就近原则指的是谓语动词要与离它最近的主语保持一致。本题中,离be动词最近的主语是Mary and Lucy,是复数,复数时be动词用are,故答案为:are.
2.答案：is
解析：句意:现在,掌握一门外语很重要。句中时间状语是nowadays,故谓语用般现在时。不定式在句中做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,故填is。
3.答案：are exposed
解析：句意:他的研究表明,当知更鸟在实验室中在夜间暴露在灯光下时,这会导致它的一些基因在一天中错误的时间活跃。此处用一般现在时的被动语态,故填are exposed。
4.答案：wants
解析：句意:老师和每个男孩和女孩都想知道是如何使用CGI(计算机生成影像)制作视觉特效的。主语后接along with引出的短语时,谓语动词与其前面的主语的数一致。every...and every...连接的主语,谓语动词用单数形式。
5.答案：is
二、
6.答案：B
7.答案：D
解析：考查主谓一致。句意：吉姆和我对于澳大利亚都不好奇，因为我们两个人以前都去过那里。 neither…nor..连接并列主语时表示 “两者都不”，谓语动词跟nor后的主语一致。
both两者都， have been to去过， have gone to已经去了。根据语境可知，应选D。
8.答案：A
解析：考查时态语态和主谓一致。many a+单数可数名词的谓语用单数, station派驻，使驻扎，所以用被动语态。
9.答案：B
解析：考察时态语态。杜甫是中国著名诗人。他的作品不单单是中国宝贵的文化更是整个世界的瑰宝。陈述事实情况，用一般现在时，故选B。
10.答案：A
解析：考查主谓一致。句意:你或者你的学生中的一人要去参加明天的会议。根据时间状语tomorrow可知应该用be to do 结构表将来。either... or..."或者……或者……",连接两个主语时,句子的谓语与最近的那个主语保持一致。最近的主语是one of your students,故谓语动词用单数。
三、
答案：①where ②has witnessed ③profoundly ④a ⑤financial ⑥serving ⑦for ⑧participation ⑨were impressed ⑩to be seen
解析：①考查定语从句。句意:周四下午,她在苏格兰的庄园平静地去世,夏天的大部分时间她都在这里度过。此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Scottish estate,在从句中作地点状语,故填where。
②考查动词时态。句意:女王于1952年即位以来见证了巨大的社会变革。时间状语为ever since,句子用现在完成时,主语为The Queen,谓语动词用三单形式,故填has witnessed。
③考查副词。句意:我们深切悼念一位深受爱戴的君主和母亲。此处用副词作状语修饰mourn,故填profoundly。
④考查冠词。句意:英国于9月9日开始为期10天的哀悼期。结合句意可知,此处表示泛指,故用不定冠词,10-day为辅音音素开头的单词,故填a。
⑤考查形容词。句意:伊丽莎白出生于1926年,经历了法西斯主义的兴起和柏林墙的倒塌、第二次世界大战、征服太空、全球金融危机、新冠肺炎大流行和俄罗斯-乌克兰冲突。此处用形容词作定语修饰名词crisis,故填financial。
⑥考查动名词。句意:她毕生致力于为国家和英联邦服务,目睹了15位英国首相的来来往往。devote oneself to doing表示"致力于做某事",故用动名词形式,故填serving。
⑦考查介词。句意:她是一位受欢迎的女王,也因其对国家事务的了解和参与而受到尊敬。for表示"因为"符合句意,故填for。
⑧考查不可数名词。句意:她是一位受欢迎的女王,也因其对国家事务的了解和参与而受到尊敬。此处用名词作for的宾语,表示"参与",为不可数名词,故填participation。
⑨考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:她对国家事务的了解和对工作的热情给她手下的首相们留下了深刻印象。结合句意可知,此处在讲述过去发生的事情,故用一般过去时,主语为The prime ministers,谓语动词用复数形式,且与impress之间是被动关系,故填were impressed。
⑩考查动词不定式及语态。句意:英国的未来还有待观察。remain to do表示"有待做某事",且Where Britain goes from here与see之间是被动关系,故用不定式的被动语态,故填to be seen。英语作文
1．假设你是某国际学校的学生李华，你最近从学校网站上得知你校正在招聘一名帮助外教组织教学的助教，你有意应聘。请你根据所给要点，用英语给你校负责人Mr. Brown写一封求职信。
1. 说明写信目的；2. 介绍个人优势。
注意：词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数）。
参考词汇：助教teaching assistant.
Dear Mr. Brown,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
2．假定你是李华，正在伦敦学习的中国交换生，得知当地艺术馆要举办中国剪纸艺术展，请写一封申请信做志愿者，内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.个人优势。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir or Madam,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
3．第19届亚运会将于今年9月在杭州举行，为了确保亚运会圆满成功，组委会发起了志愿者招募活动。假如你是学生李华，希望能成为光荣的亚运会志愿者，请按要求写一封申请信。
内容要点包括：
1.个人情况；
2.自身优势；
3.服务承诺。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：2022年第19届杭州亚运会The 19th Asian Games Hangzhou 2022
Dear Sir/Madam,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
4．假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你得知故宫正在招聘暑期英文讲解员，请你给相关部门负责人写一封申请信，内容包括：
1)介绍你的基本信息；
2)说明你的优势。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir/Madam,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
5．假定下周一你将在班会上跟同学们分享毕业后想从事的职业。请就此写一篇发言稿。
内容包括：
1.你未来想从事的职业；
2.选择从事此职业的原因；
3.你采取的行动。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
6．假设你是晨光中学的李华，你的英国好友Peter最近给你来信，询问你对自己未来职业的规划。请你给他回信，内容要点包括：
1.梦想中的职业；
2.选择此职业的原因；
3.如何为实现梦想努力。
Dear Peter,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
7．某英语报社要举办以“My Dream Career”为主题的征文活动，你打算投稿，请根据以下要点写一篇短文：
1．你的选择及理由；
2．你所做的准备。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Dream Career
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
8．你校英语俱乐部举行英语征文比赛，请以“How to Decide on Possible Future Careers”为题，写一篇短文参赛。内容包括：
1. 职业选择的重要性；
2. 如何选择。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
How to Decide on Possible Future Careers
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
9．假定你是李华，朋友莉莉下周要去参加一个培训机构的面试，来信向你征求有关面试的建议。请给她回信。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Lili,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
10．假定你是高三学生李华，你的英国朋友John发邮件问你未来的职业规划。请你发邮件回复。内容包括：（1）你的职业规划(2)选择该规划的理由（3）询问对方的意见和想法
注意：（1）词数100左右
适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考答案
1．Dear Mr. Brown,
I’ve learned from our school website that you’re looking for a teaching assistant. I’m quite interested in the position.
I think I’m the right person for the job. First, as a hard-working student, I have a good command of English and do well in both speaking and writing. Besides, being the assistant to our English teacher, I’ve helped her hold many English activities, so I’ve got much experience and I’m familiar with all the aspects of this kind of work. Last, I’m easy to get along with and I enjoy working with others. For these reasons, I’m sure I can do the job well.
I really appreciate your attention and I hope I can hear from you soon.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是某国际学校的学生李华，你最近从学校网站上得知你校正在招聘一名帮助外教组织教学的助教，你有意应聘。请你根据所给要点，用英语给你校负责人Mr. Brown写一封求职信。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
寻找：look for→recruit
职位：position→post
擅长：do well in→be good at
此外：besides→in addition
2.句式拓展
简单句变倒装句
原句： Last, I’m easy to get along with and I enjoy working with others.
拓展句： Last, not only am I easy to get along with, but also I enjoy working with others.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] I’ve learned from our school website that you’re looking for a teaching assistant. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Besides, being the assistant to our English teacher, I’ve helped her hold many English activities, so I’ve got much experience and I’m familiar with all the aspects of this kind of work. (运用了现在分词作状语)
2．
Dear Sir or Madam,
I’m glad to learn that your art gallery will hold an art exhibition of Chinese paper cutting. I would like to do some voluntary work for the exhibition. So I am writing this letter asking to be a volunteer.
First, as a native speaker of Chinese and a proficient English learner, I have a good command of both English and Chinese, which is beneficial for introducing Chinese paper cutting to visitors. Second, born in a city filled with all kinds of Chinese traditional handicrafts, I can let the visitors know more about Chinese paper cutting. Last but not least, I do hope to contribute my effort to strengthening the friendship between China and England.
I would appreciate it a lot if my application is taken into consideration.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国当地的艺术馆写一封信，申请成为中国剪纸艺术展的一名志愿者。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→delighted
想要做某事：would like to do sth.→feel like doing sth.
精通的：proficient→expert
考虑某事：take sth. into consideration→take sth. into account
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I would like to do some voluntary work for the exhibition.
拓展句：I would like to do some voluntary work for the exhibition, because I think I am qualified for this position.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】 I’m glad to learn that your art gallery will hold an art exhibition of Chinese paper cutting. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】 First, as a native speaker of Chinese and a proficient English learner, I have a good command of both English and Chinese, which is beneficial for introducing Chinese paper cutting to visitors. (运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句)
3．Dear Sir/Madam,
My name is Li Hua, a high school student from No. 1 Senior High school. Knowing that you are recruiting volunteers for the Hangzhou Asian Games, I am writing to apply for the position.
First of all, born in Hangzhou, I am quite familiar with its beauty and history. I’m eager to introduce my hometown to athletes from Asia. Additionally, I have been learning English since my primary school, so I can communicate with foreigners without language barriers. Last but not least, I am always ready to help others. I am convinced that I will go all out to provide the best service for every athlete in the Asian Games whenever they are in need. Therefore, I think I am qualified for serving the Games.
I would appreciate it if you could offer me the chance to be a volunteer. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua.
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给2022年第19届杭州亚运会组委会写一封信，申请成为亚运会志愿者。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
此外：additionally→in addition
熟悉：be familiar with → be acquainted with
能胜任：be qualified for→be equal to
感激：appreciate→ be grateful
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Knowing that you are recruiting volunteers for the Hangzhou Asian Games, I am writing to apply for the position.
拓展句：As I know that you are recruiting volunteers for the Hangzhou Asian Games, I am writing to apply for the position.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】First of all, born in Hangzhou, I am quite familiar with its beauty and history.（运用了过去分词作状语）
【高分句型2】I am convinced that I will go all out to provide the best service for every athlete in the Asian Games whenever they are in need.（运用了that 引导宾语从句以及whenever引导让步状语从句）
4．Dear Sir/Madam,
I have learned that English volunteer guides for the Forbidden City are wanted in the summer vacation. I am writing to apply for this position.
I’m a Senior 3 student in Hongxing Middle school, and I believe I am qualified for the position. These years, I have been on several exchange programs in America, so I am confident with my communication skills in English. Besides, as a fan of Chinese ancient history, I am sure my knowledge will be helpful when I introduce the Forbidden City to foreign guests.
I would be very grateful if you could offer me the opportunity. Thank you for your consideration.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就“故宫正在招聘暑期英文讲解员”一事，给相关部门负责人写一封申请信，内容包括：介绍你的基本信息；说明你的优势。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
暑假：summer vacation→summer holidays
职位：position→occupation
此外：besides→what’s more
有益的：be helpful→be of help
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：These years, I have been on several exchange programs in America, so I am confident with my communication skills in English.
拓展句：These years, as I have been on several exchange programs in America, I am confident with my communication skills in English.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】I have learned that English volunteer guides for the Forbidden City are wanted in the summer vacation. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】I would be very grateful if you could offer me the opportunity. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
5．Hello, classmates! I’m glad to share my future career with you.
Honestly speaking, I’m fond of English and have a passion for becoming a teacher after graduation. However, I would rather choose to be a lawyer despite the fact that my parents have prejudice against the job. What strikes me most is that through the job I will step out of my comfort zone and that justice will be maintained as a result of my work.
To attain my goal, I often read Law Weekly, learning some legal knowledge. I firmly believe I will become an excellent lawyer.
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生就毕业后想从事的职业写一篇发言稿。内容包括：1.你未来想从事的职业；2.选择从事此职业的原因；3.你采取的行动。
【详解】
1. 词汇积累
高兴的：glad→delighted
然而：however→nevertheless
说实话：honestly speaking→to be honest
实现某人的目标：attain one’s goal→achieve one’s goal
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m glad to share my future career with you.
拓展句：I’m glad that I can share my future career with you.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] However, I would rather choose to be a lawyer despite the fact that my parents have prejudice against the job. (运用了that引导的同位语从句)
[高分句型2] What strikes me most is that through the job I will step out of my comfort zone and that justice will be maintained as a result of my work. (运用了what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句)
6．Dear Peter,
I’m glad to hear from you. In your letter, you asked me about my future career plans. First of all, thank you for your concern. My dream career is to be a life-saving doctor. I have had this ambition since I was a child, especially during the current epidemic, when I saw those medical workers leaving their families and children behind to go to the frontline at the risk of personal safety, which inspired my determination to become a doctor. In order to realize this dream, I must study hard and be admitted to the ideal medical university with excellent results.
Yours
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国好友彼得回信，介绍自己未来的职业规划，说明选择此职业的原因并介绍如何为实现梦想而努力。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→pleased
询问：ask→enquire
志向：ambition→aspiration
激励：inspire→encourage
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In order to realize this dream, I must study hard and be admitted to the ideal medical university with excellent results.
拓展句：In order that I can realize this dream, I must study hard and be admitted to the ideal medical university with excellent results.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】I have had this ambition since I was a child, especially during the current epidemic, when I saw those medical workers leaving their families and children behind to go to the frontline at the risk of personal safety, which inspired my determination to become a doctor.（运用了since引导时间状语从句，when引导时间状语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】In order to realize this dream, I must study hard and be admitted to the ideal medical university with excellent results.（运用了介词短语in order to作目的状语）
7．One possible version:
My Dream Career
When it comes to choosing an ideal career, people’s opinions may vary from person to person. As for me, I’ve dreamed to be a doctor since I was young. My reasons go as follows.
For one thing, if I were a doctor, I could make use of what I have learned to relieve patients’ pains and even save their lives. For another, I have always shown great interest in Chinese medicine, which features magic power to heal diseases and less side effects on patients. With regard to the preparation, I will make every effort to be admitted to a medical college, recovering the value of Chinese medicine.
Of course, the pursuit of being a doctor is not easy. Challenging as it is, I do believe I can make it since nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。某英语报社要举办以“My Dream Career”为主题的征文活动，请根据以下要点写一篇短文投稿。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
涉及：when it comes to→refer to
利用：make use of→take advantage of
影响：effect→influence
努力：make every effort to do sth.→try one’s best to do sth.
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：My reasons go as follows.
拓展句：My reasons why I want to become a doctor go as follows.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】For one thing, if I were a doctor, I could make use of what I have learned to relieve patients’ pains and even save their lives.（运用了虚拟语气和what引导宾语从句）
【高分句型2】
For another, I have always shown great interest in Chinese medicine, which features magic power to heal diseases and less side effects on patients.（运用了which引导定语从句）
【高分句型3】With regard to the preparation, I will make every effort to be admitted to a medical college, recovering the value of Chinese medicine.（运用了不定式作状语，现在分词作状语）
8．How to Decide on Possible Future Careers
As we know, a suitable career is to a person what water is to fish. However, it may not always be easy to choose a proper one. Here are some tips on how to decide on possible future careers.
To begin with, it’s necessary to take some time to really think through the things you are interested in and good at. Besides, focus on your own ambitions, rather than societal expectations, which means you should let go of other people’s expectations of you and think about what you truly want to do.
All in all, choosing a career path should be a personal decision based on a thorough knowledge of your own strengths, weaknesses, interests, and values.
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“How to Decide on Possible Future Careers”为题，写一篇短文参赛。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
合适的：suitable→proper
首先：to begin with → first of all
抱负：ambition→aspiration
全面的：thorough→ complete
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：All in all, choosing a career path should be a personal decision based on a thorough knowledge of your own strengths, weaknesses, interests, and values.
拓展句：All in all, choosing a career path should be a personal decision which is based on a thorough knowledge of your own strengths, weaknesses, interests, and values.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】As we know, a suitable career is to a person what water is to fish.（运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句以及“A is to B what C is to D”句型，表类比。）
【高分句型2】Besides, focus on your own ambitions, rather than societal expectations, which means you should let go of other people’s expectations of you and think about what you truly want to do.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句，what引导宾语从句。）
9．Dear Lili,
I am writing to give you some suggestions on your interview with a training institution.
It is important that you weigh up the pros and cons of each institution before making a choice. If you finally choose what you think is the best, as a candidate, you should make full preparations to seize the opportunity. My first suggestion is that you should sleep enough to keep refreshed and arrive without delay. Most importantly, answering relevant questions properly for the duration of the interview will let you gain the upper hand.
I hope my suggestions will be helpful to you.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给朋友莉莉写封信，给她提出一些有关面试的建议。
【详解】
1. 词汇积累
建议：suggestion→advice
重要的：important→vital/significant
最终：finally→eventually
有用的：helpful→useful
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Most importantly, answering relevant questions properly for the duration of the interview will let you gain the upper hand.
拓展句：What is the most important is that answering relevant questions properly for the duration of the interview will let you gain the upper hand.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] It is important that you weigh up the pros and cons of each institution before making a choice. (运用了that引导的主语从句)
[高分句型2] My first suggestion is that you should sleep enough to keep refreshed and arrive without delay. (运用了that引导的表语从句)
10．Dear John,
I'm more than delighted to hear from you. In your letter, you asked me about my career choice for the future, so I' m now writing to share my views about it.
In the future, I'm dying to be a doctor. For one thing, if I am a doctor, I can make use of what I have learned to relieve patient’s pains and even save their lives. For another, I have always been keen on Chinese medicine, which features magic effect. Should I be admitted to a medical college this year, I would make every effort to rediscover the value of Chinese medicine, making it more popular in the world.
Yours,
Li Hua
Dear John,
I'm glad to receive your e-mail asking me about my future career plan. Here I want to share it with you. As a matter of fact, I want to be a translator. To begin with, I'm fond of languages, and my English is always second to none. I appreciate the beauty hidden in literature. In addition, literature is like a bridge which helps people understand the world better. I do wish the classical Chinese literature works can be conveyed to every corner of the whole world with my efforts. So what do you think of my plan I'm looking forward to hearing from you!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友John回复邮件，告知对方自己未来的职业规划。内容包括：（1）职业规划(2)选择该规划的理由（3）询问对方的意见和想法
。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
非常：more than→ very
渴望：be dying to →be eager to/long to
利用：make use of→ take advantage of
感兴趣：be keen on→ be interested in
竭尽全力：make every effort to→ spare no effort to
2.句式拓展
并列句变复合句
原句：In your letter, you asked me about my career choice for the future, so I' m now writing to share my views about it.
拓展句：In your letter, as you asked me about my career choice for the future, I' m now writing to share my views about it.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】For one thing, if I am a doctor, I can make use of what I have learned to relieve patient’s pains and even save their lives.（运用了if 引导的条件状语从句以及what引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】For another, I have always been keen on Chinese medicine, which features magic effect. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型3】Should I be admitted to a medical college this year, I would make every effort to rediscover the value of Chinese medicine, making it more popular in the world.（运用了虚拟语气的倒装以及现在分词作结果状语）
