课件20张PPT。第一学时 Reading and ComprehensionEnglish around the world 1. Can you name some countries in which English is spoken?
2．Are the English in those countries the same?
3. Do you know the differences between British English and American English?
They are different in vocabulary, pronunciation, spelling.Britain, the United States, Canada, Australia.No.Task 1 快速阅读课文The Road to Modern English , 用大约30词写出课文的概要。
温馨提示： 本文属说明文。写说明文的概要时要紧扣文章的话题，用浓缩的语言说明某一现象及其原因。English’s position as a world language has been confirmed, as more and more Asians and Africans speak English as a foreign or a second language.Task 2仔细阅读课文The Road to Modern English，根据课文内容选择最佳答案。
1．English has/had the most speakers________. ( )
A．nowadays
B．when the British ruled many parts of the world
C．in the time of Shakespeare
D．in the 12th centuryA2．According to the text，which of the following statements is TRUE? ( )
A．Languages always stay the same.
B．Languages change only after wars.
C．Languages no longer change.
D．Languages change when cultures change.D3．From AD 450 to 1150，English sounded more like________. ( )
A．French B．Chinese
C．German D．Russian
4．Shakespear ’s English was spoken around ________. ( )
A．1400’s B．1150’s
C．450’s D．1600’sCD5．Which country has the fastest growing number of English speakers in the world? ( )
A．Australia. B．China.
C．India. D．Britain.
6．What’s the main idea of the passage? ( )
A．China has the largest number of English learners.
B．Languages always change.
C．English is easy to learn.
D．The development of modern English.DBTask 3再次阅读课文The Road To Modern English，完成下列表格。1．AD 2.based
3.Danish；language；vocabulary 4.million5.voyages 6.America；Australia 7.Settled
8.India；Singapore；Malaysia；South Africa
9.changing；developing；all overTask 4 根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法。
At the end of the 16th century，English was only spoken by people from England. They were native speakers. Today，the largest number of people __1__(speak)English may be in China. A lot of Chinese people speak English __2__their foreign language.
__3__English language has changed quite a lot over the last four centuries. Old English sounds more__4__less like German for it was __5__on German，but modern English sounds more like French than German __6__England was once ruled by the French.Two people had great effects on the English changes. One was Shakespeare，who __7__(large)the __8__(词汇)；the other was Noah Webster，__9__wrote a dictionary __10__gave American English its identity.1．speaking 2.as 3.The 4.or 5.based
6．because 7.enlarged 8.vocabulary 9.who
10．that/which一、请将课文The Road to Modern English 翻译成汉语，然后对照“译文助读”自主勘误。
译文助读：
通向现代英语之路
16 世纪末期，大约有5百万到7百万人说英语。所有这些人几乎都生活在英国。后来在17世纪，英国人航海去征服世界其他地区。由于这个缘故，许多别的国家开始说英语。如今说英语的人比以往任何时候都多了，他们有的是作为第一语言来说，有的是作为第二语言或外语。
以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以互相理解。看下面的例子：
英国的贝蒂说：“请到我的公寓来看看好吗？”美国的埃米说：“好的，我很乐意去你的公寓。”那么，英语为什么会随着时间发生变化呢？事实上，当不同的文化互相交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所变化、有所发展。最初，从公元450年到1150年，人们所说的英语跟现在所说的英语就很不一样。当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础的，而我们今天所说的英语不是。然后逐渐的大约在公元800年到1150年期间，英语就不那么像德语了，因为那时的英国统治者先讲的是丹麦语，后来为法语。这些新的殖民者又丰富了英语，特别是它的词汇。所以到17世纪，莎士比亚运用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。在1620年，有些英国殖民者到了美国。后来在18世纪，有些英国人也到了澳大利亚。这两个国家的人也开始说英语了。最后到19世纪时，这种语言确定下来了。那时，英语在拼写上发生了两大变化：首先塞缪尔·约翰逊编写了词典，后来，诺厄·韦伯斯特编纂了《美国英语词典》。后者体现了美国英语拼写的不同特色。
如今英语在南亚也被当作外语或第二语言来使用。例如，印度拥有众多讲英语很流利的人，这是因为英国于1765年到1947年统治过印度。在那期间，英语成了政治和教育的语言。在新加坡、马来西亚和非洲许多国家，比如南非，人们也说英语。目前在中国学习英语的人数正在迅速增长。事实上，中国有可能拥有最多的英语学习者。中国的英语将来会形成自己的特色吗？这只能由时间来回答了。二、将下列单词或词组译成英语，然后参阅Unit 2的词汇表自主勘误。
1．事实上，实际上 adv. ________
2．辨认出，承认 v. ________
3．请求，要求n.& v. ________
4．命令，指令，掌握n.& v. ________
5．直接，挺直，正直的adj.&adv. ________1.actually 2. recognize 3.request
4．demand 5.straight 6．词语，表达n. ________
7．扮演一个角色， 参与 ________
8．利用，使用 ________
9．因为，由于 ________
10．走近，上来，提出 ________
11．现在， 目前 ________
12．以……为基础 ________6.expression
7．play a part in 8.make use of 9.because of
10．come up 11.at present 12.be based on祝您学业有成课件29张PPT。第三学时 Using Language
Reading, listening and speakingEnglish around the world Task 1快速阅读Standard English And Dialects(P13)，以约30词写出文章的概要。
温馨提示： 本文属说明文。写说明文的概要时要紧扣文章的话题，用浓缩的语言说明某一现象及其原因。People believe the English spoken on TV and the radio is standard English and the English different from standard English is called dialects. Immigrants and geography are major factors in making dialects. Task 2 仔细阅读Standard English And Dialects(P13), 根据课文内容选择最佳答案。
1. We can infer from the text that ________. ( )
A．the news reporters speak very good English
B．the English spoken on TV and the radio sounds the same
C．if you can speak good English, you will become a news reporter
D．people from the mountains in the southeastern USA and northwestern USA speak different dialect A2. Standard English is thought to be English spoken by ________. ( )
A．Americans B．British
C．Londoners D．news reporters
3．Which of the following is true according to the text?
( )
A．A small country has no dialect.
B．As Americans like to move, they have a lot of trouble in understanding each other’s dialects.
C．China has a lot of dialects.
D．It is possible for people in the east of Guangzhou to speak differently from those in the west. DDPart A Role Play
情景： 李平和玛丽在谈论美国英语中的方言问题。
角色： 李平和玛丽
任务：请你扮演李平，根据中文提示提问，请你的朋友扮演玛丽，根据课文内容回答问题。然后你们交换角色进行口语训练。
Q1：什么是标准英语？
________________________________________
Q2: 为什么人们认为电视或电台上说的英语就是标准英语呢？
___________________________________________Q3: 世界上有标准英语吗？
________________________________________________________________________
Q4: 为什么美国英语有许多方言呢？
________________________________________________________________________Part A
Q1: What is standard English?
A1：Many people believe the English spoken on TV and the radio is standard EnglishQ2：Why do many people believe the English spoken on TV and the radio is standard English?
A2：Because in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.
Q3：Is there a standard English in the world?
A3：No, there is no such standard English.
Q4: Why does American English have so many dialects?
A4：Because Americans have come from all over the world and they like moving a lot.When they move from one place to another, they took their dialects with them.Part B Retelling
用自己的话复述课文，你可以参照上述问题及其答案。
关键词：standard English (标准英语) dialect(方言) different from(与……不同) all over the world(世界各地)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Part B
Many people believe the English spoken on TV and the radio is standard English because in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English. But in fact, there is no such standard English. When people use words and expressions different from “standard language”， it is called a dialect. American English has many dialects because Americans have come from all over the world and they like moving a lot, taking their dialects with them.1．Believe it or not , there is no such thing as standard English.(P13)
信不信由你，(世界上)没有标准英语。
believe it or not经常用作插入语，意思是“信不信由你”即学即练完成下列句子。
(1)信不信由你，他们在山上找到了金矿。
____________________________________.
(2)收到她的来信真是太好了。信不信由你， 我们上次见面已是三十年前的事情了。
It is nice to hear from her._____， we last met _____.(1)Believe it or not，they found gold in the mountain.
(2)Believe it or not, more than thirty years ago.【温馨提示】 such与 all, no, some, any, few, little, many, much, several, one 等词连用时，应位于它们的后面。
There is no such thing as a free lunch.
世上没有免费午餐之类的好事儿。
There are three such mistakes in your composition.
你的作文中有三个这样的错误。
2．However , on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak.(P13)
然而，在电视和收音机里，你会听出人们在说话时有差异。词语学习however 用法归纳
a．然而，可是；仍然， 用作副词，可置于句首，句中或句末，常用逗号与其他部分隔开。
He was feeling bad.He went to work，however，and tried to concentrate.
他感觉不舒服，但他仍然去上班，并且努力集中精神工作。b．无论多么；不管多么，通常与形容词或副词连用，引导状语从句，等于no matter how＋该形容词或副词引导的状语从句。
However hard it’s raining，we should go to school on time.
＝No matter how hard it’s raining，we should go to school on time.
尽管雨下得很大，我们还是应该按时去上学。即学即练完成下列句子。
(1)My mother was ill._______________(然而， 她还是去上班了)．
(2)She has the window open，____(不管外面多冷)．
(3) ________(无论我解释得多么仔细)，she still didn’t understand.
(4)This is a very interesting book.I’ll buy it ________(不管花多少钱)．(1)However, she still went to work
(2)however cold it is outside
(3)However carefully I explained
(4)however much it may cost词语链接3．Geography also plays a part in making dialects.(P.13)
地理位置对方言的产生也有影响。play a part/role in 在……中起作用， 扮演角色
play an active part/role in 在……中起积极作用
play an important part/role in 在……中起重要作用即学即练将下列句子译成英语。
(1)电脑在现代社会中起着重要作用。
(2)他积极参加了灭火行动。
(3)你在这个戏剧中担任什么角色？(1)Computers are playing an important role in modern society.
(2)He played an active part in putting out the fire.
(3)What part/role did you play in this play? 4.Although many Americans move a lot，they still recognize and understand each other’s dialects.(P13)
虽然很多美国人经常搬迁，他们仍然能识别并且听得懂彼此的方言。即学即练用although，though填空。
(1)____ they worked hard，they didn’t finish it on time.
(2)He speaks English as ____ he were an Englishman.
(3)Even ________ he told me nothing about it，I know the whole thing.
(4)He said he would help me with my homework；he didn’t，________.
(5)She did a good job, she didn’t realize it at the time, ________.(1)Although/Though (2)though
(3)though (4)though (5)though一、 单词拼写
1．If you look________(笔直地)ahead，you’ll see the church in the distance.
2．He walked along in the shadows，hoping no one would________(辨认出)him.
3．One of my classmates is from an________(非洲的)country.
4．What should I do when________(闪电)strikes me?1．straight 2.recognize 3.African 4.lightning5．The heating system in this________(街区)doesn’t work well.
6．The________(表情)on her face told me that she didn’t want to discuss it.
7．I knew from his________(口音)that he was from the South.
8．He’s from Spain. He’s________(西班牙人)．5．block 6.expression 7.accent 8.Spanish二、词语活用
用与part相关的词语完成下列小段落。
Since you are a member of our group, you should (1)________an active (2)________ the activities we hold. Besides, you should cooperate with other members. That’s to say, you need to be able to work as (3)________ of our group.(1)play (2)part in (3)part 三、在下列空格中填入适当的介词。
1. What you said was different ________ what you did.
2.What was this famous film based ________？
3.________ fact, more and more people in China are learning English now.
4.No one can ignore his part ________ the company.1.from 2.on 3.In 4.in5.Mother was very angry and disappointed because ________ your rudeness.
6.When they moved to England, they took their debt ________ them.
7.In some countries English is spoken ________ the second or third language.
8.She always acts ________ the way her husband can't understand. 5.of 6.with 7．as 8.in祝您学业有成课件41张PPT。第二学时 Learning about LanguageEnglish around the world 1. Do you know that there is more than one kind of English? (P.9)
你知道世界上不止一种英语吗？词语链接more than ＝ over
more...than...与其说……倒不如说……，更甚观察下列各句中more than的意思。
(1)Mr.White has more than 10,000 books.
怀特先生有一千多本书。( “more than＋数词”意为“超过”)
(2)Music is more than just sound—it is a way of thinking.
音乐不仅仅是一种声音——它是一种思考的方式。(more than：不仅)
(3)She is more than pleased with her daughter’s performance.
她对女儿的表演非常高兴。(more than：非常)
(4)She was more sad than angry when her son lied again.
当她的儿子再次说谎时，她的悲伤甚于愤怒。思维拓展即学即练(1)21st Century School Edition is_______ a newspaper. It helps us to improve our English a lot. （ ）
A．no less than B．no more than
C．1ess than D．more than
(2)Lizzie was _____ to see her friend off at the airport.
（ ）
A．a little more than sad
B．more than a little sad
C．sad more than a little
D．a little more sad than DB(3)It was ________ the way he said it ________ what he said that made her sad. （ ）
A．more, as B．more, than
C．like, that D．all, that B2．...and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries.(P.9)
因此，许多别的国家开始说英语了。即学即练用because of 短语改写下列划线部分。
(1)The sports meet was put off because it rained heavily.
(2)He didn’t attend school yesterday because he was ill.
(3)Mary failed again because she was too careless.(1)because of the heavy rain
(2)because of his illness
(3)because of her carelessness3．Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.(P10)
以英语作为母语的人， 即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以互相交流。
native adj.出生地的， 土生土长的，
本地产的， 天生的词语链接native speaker 说母语的人
one’s native language 某人的母语
the natives 土著人
be native to (动物)特有的
one’s native place某人的出生地完成下列句子。
(1)Her ________(母语)is German.
(2)The ability to swim is ________(鱼所特有的)．
(3)He has a great deal of________(与生俱来的智力、能力和魅力)
(4)He was born in Guangzhou, that is, Guangzhou is ________(他的出生地).(1)native language (2)native to fish
(3)native intelligence, ability, and charm
(4)his native place即学即练4．I’d like to come up to your apartment.(P.10)
我很乐意到你的公寓去。
come up 走近；从(土中)长出发芽； 提出，提及； 发生，发现；(太阳)升到地平线
(1)A child came up to me and showed me the way to the station.(走近，上来)
(2)The sky was dark blue and clear when the moon came up.(升起)
(3)Your question came up at the meeting.(被提出讨论)词语链接come down 下来，下降
come up with 想出(计划，答案)
come out 出来，(花)开，被出版；结果是
come about 发生
come across 偶然遇见
come along 一起来，一道走；进展；进步
come over 过来
come to 共计，达到
come upon/on (灾难，恐惧)突然向……袭来即学即练单项选择
(1)－ Four dollars a pair? I think it’s a bit too much.
－ If you buy three pairs, the prices for each will________ to three fifty. ( )
A．come down B．take down
C．turn over D．go over
(2)I hope scientists will ________ with a cure of the disease. ( )
A．come about B．come up
C．bring about D．get alongAB(3) I looked at it and found that including the wine, the bill________ $100. ( )
A．arrived at B．topped at
C．reached to D．came to
(4)Please tell how the accident ________.I am still in the dark. ( )
A．came by B．came upon
C．came to D．came aboutDD5．It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. (P10)
当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础的， 而现代英语不是。
base sth.on/upon以……为根据(基础)；
把……建立在……
be based on 以……为根据(基础)；
把……建立在……即学即练 A将下列句子译成汉语。
(1)What are you basing this theory on?
(2)The film is based on a famous novel.
(3) One should always base his opinion on facts.(1)你这种理论的根据是什么？
(2)这部电影是根据一部著名的小说改编的。
(3)一个人应该始终以事实为依据发表自己的观点。词语链接present adj.出席，到场的； 现在的， 目前的
vt.赠予，颁予； 提出， 呈递； 表示，呈现
n. 礼物，礼品
be present at( the meeting) 出席(会议)
at present 目前，现在
for the present 就目前来说，暂时
present sb.with sth.送某人某物
present sth.to sb.送某人某物
presently现在， 不久(soon；before long)阅读下列句子，注意present在句中的意思及用法。
How many people were present at the meeting? ( 出席)(作表语)
There are twenty children present.(到场的)(作后置定语)
What is your present address? (现在的)(作前置定语)
The mayor presented a silver cup to the winner.(颁予)
The committee is presenting its investigation report next week.(呈递)
He gave his mother a present.(礼物)思维拓展即学即练 B完成下列句子。
(1)All the people ________(出席晚会的)were his supporters.
(2)Jack’s parents, as well as mine, ________ (出席了学校的会议)(1)present at the party
(2)were present at the school meeting /attended the school meeting(3)This habit is hard to form ________(目前), but in the long run，it will do you good.
(4)Daddy said he would ________(立刻回来)．
(5)He promised to ________ (送我一个好礼物)．(3)at present (4)be back presently
(5)present me with a nice gift词语链接6．...Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. (P.10)
莎士比亚用的词汇量比以往任何时期都大。make use of 利用，使用
make good use of充分利用
make full use of 充分利用即学即练完成下列句子。
(1)We should ________(充分利用)the internet when we do research work.
(2)________(充分利用时间)to prepare for the coming examination.(1)make full use of
(2)Make good use of your time 7. The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling.(P.10)
后者体现了美国英语拼写的不同特色。
the former 前者 the latter 后者
Of dogs and cats, I prefer the former to the latter.
狗和猫比， 我更喜欢狗。
8....because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947.(P.10)
这是因为英国从1765年到1947年统治着印度。词语链接rule vt.(常与over 连用) 统治，支配
n．规则，法规，章程，统治权
keep /obey / follow the rules 遵守规则
break the rules破例，犯规
carry out a /the rule 执行规则
work out a/ the rule 制定规定
under the rules of 在……的统治下
as a rule 一般说来；通常
make it a rule (to do) 定为规律，经常总是
by/ according to rule按惯例行事即学即练用上述词语完成下列句子。
(1)________(学校的制度)must be obeyed.
(2)________(通常), he goes out early every morning looking for work.
(3)He ________(规定)to do an hour’s work in the garden every day.
(4)Please ________(制定规则)before you take over the company.(1)The school rules (2)As a rule
(3)made it a rule (4)work out the rule9. English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa.(P.10)
在新加坡、马来西亚和非洲其它国家，如南非，人们也讲英语。用such as, for example 填空。
(1)I know many students of your school，Tom，_____.
(2)He can speak five foreign languages，________ German and French.
(3)Some students, ________， John, lives in the neighborhood.
(4)Many great men ________ Lincoln and Edison have risen from poverty即学即练(1)for example (2)such as
(3)for example (4)such as10．Only time will tell.(P.10)
只有时间将能证明。
Will China’s national football team enter for the next finals of the World Cup? Only time will tell.中国国家足球队能进入下次世界杯的决赛吗？只有时间能够证明。翻译下列句子,并分析句子结构。
(1)日本大地震的罹难者将近两万。
(2)汉代修建的宫殿与清朝修建的宫殿不同。一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. If you keep talking ________ (frequent) with your foreign friends，you'll soon pick up ________ (fluency) English.
2．— Could he still walk after he was drunk?
— No，not at all.______ (actual) he went ______ (straight) down to the floor and went asleep.
3. The best way of learning a foreign language is to speak to the _______ speakers and of course treat the ______ friendly. (native)1.frequently；fluent
2.Actually；straight
3.native；natives 4. Can you make full________ of these __________ tyres (use)?
5. The ____________ are the people who come from ________ and speak ________.(Spanish)
6. ________ are people living in the ________ which is the ________ part of a country. (south)4. use；used
5．Spanish；Spain；Spanish
6．Southerners；south；southern二、 词语活用
用break the rules, carry out a /the rule ，work out a/ the rule, as a rule ，make it a rule(to do), by/ according to rule 完成下列小段落。
At the beginning of this term, our class (1)________so that we could do better than we did last term.(2)________， no one was allowed to be late or whisper in class. If anyone (3)________， he or she must do something good for the class. We also (4)________to memorize ten new words every day. We thought it necessary (5)________ strictly and we hoped everyone should (6)________．(1)worked out a rule (2)According to the rule
(3)broke the rule (4)made it a rule
(5)to carry out the rule (6) obey/keep the rule三、动词专练
用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.Later in the 17th century, English began ________ (speak) in many other countries.
2.As we know, English ________(change) over time.
3. The English in 1150 was different from the English ________(speak) today.
4. The invaders tried hard ________(conquer) the native people, but in vain.1．to be spoken 2.has changed
3.spoken 4．to conquer5. Today the number of people ________(learn) English is increasing rapidly.
6.As a winner, Tom ________(present) with a gold cup.
7. By the time the police arrived, the thief ________(run) away.
8. Some foreigners enjoy ________(eat) with chopsticks.5.learning 6.was presented
7．had run 8.eating四、翻译下列句子
1．他又一次失败是因为他的疏忽。(because of)
2．一项更加切合实际的计划终于被提出来了。(come up)1．He failed again because of his carelessness.
2．Another more practical plan has finally come up.3．作为一个人口众多的大国，我们应该充分利用自然资源。(make use of)
4．他有很多爱好，诸如收集硬币，画画之类。(such as)
5．新的教学方法对增加学生的学习兴趣起着重要的作用。(play a part in)3．As a big country with large population，we should make full use of the natural resources.
4．He has many hobbies，such as collecting coins，drawing etc.
5．The new teaching method plays a very important part in increasing students’ interest in studying.祝您学业有成课件18张PPT。第五学时 Writing English around the world 1．Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.
even if/even though...即使/尽管……， 引导让步状语从句。如：
Even if there are many difficulties, we should communicate more in English with others.
即使困难重重，我们也得多用英语与他人交流。即学即练完成下列句子。
(1)尽管中国是个发展中国家，但它在国际贸易中起着重要的作用。
________________， it plays an important role in international trade.
(2)即使你不相信我，我也要把真相告诉你。
I will tell you the truth __________________.(1)Even if China is a developing country
(2)even if/even though you don’t believe me2．It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.
more A than B与其说是B，倒不如说是A。 如：
He is more like my friend than my teacher.
与其说他是我的老师，倒不如说他是我的朋友。
即学即练完成下列句子。
(1)听到这么大的响声，这男孩与其说是害怕，倒不如说是吃惊。
Hearing the loud noise, the boy was___________.
(2)与其说这女孩受伤了，倒不如说是吓坏了。
The girl was ________________________.(1)more surprised than frightened
(2)more frightened than hurt3．This is because in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.
This is because...这是因为……； 这就是……的原因。如：
She has passed her English exam. This is because she knows how to make use of time.
她英语考试及格了。这是因为她懂得如何利用时间。即学即练完成下列句子。
(1)他越来越胖了。这是因为他喜欢吃大量的甜食。
He is becoming fatter and fatter.
_________________________________
(2)他今天没来上学，这是因为他病了。
He didn’t come to school today.
______________________________________(1)This is because he eats a lot of sweet food.
(2)This is because he is ill.用上述句型翻译下列小段落。
信不信由你，即使你这次跟他们说了实话，他们也不会相信你。这是因为你总是说谎。他们认为与其说你是个诚实的人，倒不如说你是个撒谎者。Believe it or not, even though you tell them the truth this time, they won’t believe you. This is because you are always telling lies. They think you are more a liar than an honest man.主语＋不及物动词(S＋V)
在句型 “主语＋不及物动词(S＋V)”中，没有宾语，但可有时间、地点或方式状语。状语可放在句首或句末。不及物动词都是实义动词，在句中充当谓语。如： 一、 分析下列句子结构。
1.The boy shouted loudly.
2.They are playing happily in the park.
3.Mike is a clever boy. He arrives early every day.
4.A picture hangs beside the window.
5.My mother came back at eight yesterday.二、将下列句子译成英语。
1. 我们每天六点半起床。
2. 你们昨天什么时候到的？
3. 夏天，你可以在湖中游泳。 1.We get up at half past six every day.
2.When did you arrive yesterday?
3.In summer you can swim in the lake.4. 我父亲在一家医院工作。
5. 我妹妹今年5岁了，她现在正在操场上玩。4.My father works in a hospital.
5. My sister is five years old this year. She is now playing on the playground.祝您学业有成课件17张PPT。第四学时 Grammar English around the world 直接引语和间接引语(2)
祈使句变间接引语
1．当直接引语是表示命令、请求、劝告、提醒或警告等的祈使句，变为间接引语时须用复合宾语，即“动词＋宾语＋不定式”结构。常见的引述动词有表示命令的order，tell和command；表示请求的ask和request；表示提醒或警告的remind和warn以及表示劝告的advise等。例如：
“Open the window，”he said.
→He told me to open the window.
他让我打开窗户。2．当直接引语为否定的祈使句时，变为间接引语时须在不定式符号前加not.例如：
She said，“Don't make so much noise，children！”
→She told the children not to make so much noise.她告诉孩子们不要弄出这么多噪音。
3．当直接引语为表示建议、提议的祈使句或表示请求、提议、劝告、建议的疑问句时，多采用“suggest＋doing/that从句(如suggest后接that从句时，从句使用虚拟语气should＋动词原形，should也可省略)，offer to do和ask/advise/want sb.＋to do”等结构。Jack said，“Let's go to the cinema tonight.”
→Jack suggested that we should go to the cinema that night.
(＝Jack suggested our going to the cinema that night.)
那天晚上杰克建议我们去看电影。
John said，“Why not invite Mary to the party？”
→Johh advised me to invite Mary to the party.
约翰建议我邀请玛丽参加聚会。
祈使句转化为间接引语“三注意”：
(1)间接引语中引述动词不能用say；
(2)祈使句中的please在间接引语中必须去掉；
(3)人称代词、指示代词、时间和地点状语等也要相应改变。正误例析：
(1)“Speak English more often in and out of class，” our English teacher said to us.
Our English teacher suggested us to speak English more often in and out of class.(误)
Our English teacher told/asked us to speak English more often in and out of class.(正)典型剖析Our English teacher suggested that we (should)speak English more often in and out of class.(正)
简析：直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据语气需要使用ask，tell，order等动词，其句型是：ask/tell/order someone to do sth.，但是suggest不能接不定式作宾补，只能接-ing形式或从句(从句用虚拟语气)作宾语。 (2)“Don't play football on the street，little boys，” the policeman said.
The policeman told the little boys did not play football on the street.(误)
The policeman told the little boys not to play football on the street.(正)
简析：如果直接引语是祈使句的否定式，变为间接引语时，要将其改为不定式的否定形式作宾补，不定式的否定形式是在不定式前面加not，而不是加do not，does not，did not等。 一、将下列句子由直接引语变成间接引语。
1．She said to us，“Please sit down and have a rest.”
She________ us to sit down and have a rest.
2．The teacher said，“Be careful with your pronunciation，Tom.”
The teacher_______ Tom ________ ________careful with_______ pronunciation.1．asked
2．told，to， be，his 3．“Don't do that again，my child.” she said.
She_____ _____ child_____ _____ ____that again.
4．“Please be quiet and don't disturb me.” he said.
He____ us ___ ___ quiet and___ ___ disturb____.
5．“Boys，don't leave your work unfinished，”the headmaster said.
The headmaster_____ the boys _____ ____leave_______ work unfinished.3．told her，not，to，do
4．asked，to，be，not，to，him
5．told，not，to，their二、把下列句子改成间接引语。
1．“Shut up，”she said to him.
_________________________________
2. “Can you speak louder？”he asked her.
_________________________________
3．“Try the lift，”she said to her.
_________________________________ 1．She asked him to shut up.
2．He told her to speak louder.
3．She asked her to try the lift.4．“Don't wait for me，”he said to them.
_________________________________
5．“Stop wasting the time，”she said to him.
_________________________________
6．“Follow his instructions，”she said to me.
_________________________________ 4．He asked them not to wait for him.
5．She asked him to stop wasting the time.
6．She told me to follow his instructions.7．“Please could you come to the reception desk？”she asked him.
_________________________________
8．“Change your dirty uniform！”he said to the clerk.
_________________________________7．She told him to go to the reception desk.
8．He asked the clerk to change his dirty uniform.三、语法填空
My grandfather was very old when he died，and a few days__1__ he passed __2__ he called me to his bedside.
He asked my grandmother and my cousin __3__(leave)the room，so we could be alone for a moment. He __4__(tell)me to move my chair a little bit closer to his bed and he asked me how __5__ I was. I told him that I was already ten years old and he smiled. He then asked me to listen carefully to __6__ he had to say. He told me many things about his life. “Life isn't always easy，”he said. He asked me __7__ (promise) him to always try to be honest. He also told me __8__ (follow) my heart whenever I had to make a difficult decision. I promised，and I remember his words. Later my mother asked me what grandfather __9__ (talk) about with me. “Oh，nothing，”I said，because he had asked me __10__ to say anything about our conversation.1．解析：在他去世之前。
答案：before
2．解析：pass away是固定搭配，表示“去世，过世”。
答案：away
3．解析：3、7、8、10 四个题都考查词组 ask/tell sb.to do sth.(叫某人做某事)和 ask/tell sb. not to do sth.(叫某人不要做某事)的用法。
答案：to leave
4．解析：这里应用过去式。
答案：told5．解析：从下文的 I told him that I was already ten years old可知祖父是问“我”的年龄，所以用old。
答案：old
6．解析：what 引导名词性从句，在从句中作 say的宾语。
答案：what
7．to promise 8.to follow 9.had talked 10.not祝您学业有成
