PAGE
第 1 页 共 6 页
Unit 1课时跟踪检测（二） Warming Up & Reading — Language Points
Ⅰ.单词拼写或根据提示写出单词的正确形式
1．Graduates from Tsinghua University have distinct (明显的) advantage when applying for jobs in famous companies.
2．The majority (大多数) of people interviewed prefer watching TV to listening to radio.
3．The most popular means (方式)of transportation are bikes and buses.
4．(2017·江苏高考)In the north of India, the population is booming (处于迅速发展时期) due to high birth rates.
5．We have only a small percentage (百分比) of foreign books.
6．If other people can endure hardship (困苦), why can't you
7．The ship passed through the_strait (海峡) between two islands.
8．Most racial (种族的) discrimination is based on ignorance.
9．Only about 20 of the people voted in the local government election (elect)．
10．Immigration (immigrate) is a controversial issue in many countries.
Ⅱ.选词填空
a large percentage of， in the majority， make a life， keep up， by means of， live on， in addition
1．You're required to practise playing basketball five hours a day. In_addition,_strength training exercises are recommended at least twice a week.
2．You can't live_on 200 calories a day, or you will be starved to death in a long time.
3．More and more people tend to communicate with each other by_means_of the Internet.
4．Although they had a lot of trouble with the new system, they still kept_up their spirits.
5．Many young people are going to big cities to make_a_life for themselves.
6．In this club, young women members are in_the_majority，so men have not much right to decide on things.
7．A_large_percentage_of_school books now have pictures, so they look more attractive.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．The local army men helped the victims of the earthquake by_means_of rebuilding their houses.
当地的军人用重建房屋的办法帮助震区灾民。
2．The picture reminded_me_of_what I had experienced in the village.
这幅画使我想起了我在那个村子里的经历。
3．I know you find the subject difficult, but_that_is_why you should work harder at it.
我知道你觉得这门学科很难学，但这就是你要更加努力钻研它的理由。
4．It_is_reported_that more than 200 people died in the air crash.
据报道，有两百多人死于这次空难。
5．It_is_Li_Na_that has made more and more Chinese people interested in tennis.
是李娜使越来越多的中国人对网球感兴趣。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
Seagulls are flying overhead. Not far away, a boat is making a big noise. The sounds of people talking and laughing are everywhere. The smell of popcorn is carried on the fresh and pleasant wind blowing off the lake. Duluth is a city full of sights, smells, and sounds. My family visits it often, but each time it is a new adventure.
Duluth, Minnesota, was founded in 1870. Located at the southeast corner of the St. Louis County, on Lake Superior, Duluth is the third largest city in Minnesota, with a population of 86,918. It was named after Daniel Sieur Du Lhut, a French explorer.
Native American settlements were first found in the area by French explorers in the late 1600s. Soon after, Duluth became an important trade and shipping center for the timber (木材) industry. In 1865, iron was discovered, making Duluth a major ore (矿石) shipping point. When the St. Lawrence Seaway opened in 1959, it became one of the Great Lakes' leading ports for exporting grain.
Tourism is very important to Duluth. People are attracted to its natural scenery, as well as the museums, zoos, and of course, the many gift shops downtown. Duluth is the home of the Great Lakes Aquarium, which is the only all freshwater aquarium in the United States. However, the Aerial Lift Bridge is the thing that most people want to see when they visit. Standing nearly 400 feet tall, it is a spectacular feat (功绩) of engineering. The Lake Superior Maritime Museum, where you'll find more about ore boats, the lift bridge, and other things, is just a short walk away from the bridge. If you visit Duluth in the winter, you can go to Spirit Mountain to ski or snowboard.
From bridges to museums, zoos to shops, Duluth has it all. No matter what your interests are, Duluth has something for everyone.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国明尼苏达州的城市杜鲁斯市的发展历史及其主要旅游景点。
1．How does the author introduce the topic of the text
A．By giving examples.
B．By giving a summary.
C．By giving a description.
D．By making comparisons.
解析：选C 写作手法题。分析第一段，作者描述了在杜鲁斯市的所见所闻，以此引出文章的话题。
2．Who was Daniel Sieur Du Lhut
A．The leader of Native Americans.
B．The founder of Duluth, Minnesota.
C．The person who gave a name to Duluth.
D．One of the first French explorers to Duluth.
解析：选D 细节理解题。分析第二段和第三段可知，杜鲁斯市以法国探险家Daniel Sieur Du Lhut的名字命名，说明他应该是最早到达杜鲁斯市的法国探险家之一。
3．Why do most people go to see the Aerial Lift Bridge
A．It is near a famous museum.
B．It is a masterpiece of engineering.
C．People can overlook Duluth on it.
D．It is the highest building in Duluth.
解析：选B 细节理解题。由倒数第二段“Standing nearly 400 feet tall, it is a spectacular feat of engineering”可知，这座桥是一个建筑奇观。
4．The text is likely to appear in ________.
A．a news report B．a tourist guide
C．a history paper D．an art show review
解析：选B 文章出处题。本文主要介绍了杜鲁斯市的发展历史及其主要旅游景点，最有可能出现在旅游指南上。
B
On October 24, 1929 — “Black Thursday” — a wave of panic selling of stocks (股票) swept the New York Stock Exchange. The Great Depression began. By 1932, thousands of banks and businesses had failed. Industrial production was cut in half, farm income had fallen by more than half, wages had decreased 60% and one out of every four workers was unemployed.
The Republican president, Herbert Hoover was unable to take measures to deal with the economic collapse. So in the 1932 election, he was defeated by Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt, who promised “a New Deal” for the American people.
Within the “Hundred Days”， Roosevelt rushed through Congress a number of laws to aid the recovery of the economy.
The Federal Emergency Relief Administration aided state and local relief funds. The Agricultural Adjustment Administration paid farmers to reduce production, thus raising crop prices. The National Recovery Administration regulated fair competition among businesses and minimum wages for workers.
The Works Progress Administration (WPA) was one of the most effective of the New Deal measures. Financed by taxes collected by the federal government, the WPA created millions of jobs by undertaking the construction of roads, bridges, airports and other public buildings. It kept workers in the job, thus preserving their skills and their self respect.
The New Deal programmes did not end the Great Depression. But the economy improved as a result of this programme of government intervention (介入)．
语篇解读：本文介绍了在经济大萧条开始时，罗斯福制定新政，增加政府对经济的直接或间接干预，缓解了大萧条带来的经济危机与社会矛盾。
5．According to the passage, “Black Thursday” is the day ________.
A．of selling stocks
B．of reducing industrial production
C．when the Great Depression began
D．when the New Deal was implemented
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...‘Black Thursday’ — a wave of panic selling of stocks swept the New York Stock Exchange. The Great Depression began.”可知，“黑色星期四”是大萧条的开始。故选C项。
6．The New Deal is a number of laws ________.
A．to make young people plant trees and build dams
B．to aid state and local relief funds
C．to deal with workers
D．to deal with economic problems
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“... Roosevelt rushed through Congress a number of laws to aid the recovery of the economy.”可知，罗斯福通过国会制定了一些法律来解决经济方面的问题，以帮助经济复苏。故选D项。
7．The WPA was an effective measure because ________.
A．it provided workers jobs of building roads and airports
B．it preserved workers skills and self respect
C．it provided financial aids to workers
D．it ensured workers' minimum wages
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“It kept workers in the job, thus preserving their skills and their self respect.”可知，WPA保护了他们的技能和自尊。
8．Roosevelt made his New Deal programmes effective through ________.
A．his presidential power
B．government taxation
C．congress reputation
D．government intervention
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，罗斯福的新政由于政府的介入得以实行，使经济状况得到了改善。
Ⅴ.阅读七选五
The book A Big Fat Crisis: The Hidden Forces Behind Obesity and How We Can End It by Deborah Cohen, a senior natural scientist, is very popular now. __1__ But according to this book, the following are some misunderstandings of obesity or being overweight.
If you're obese, blame your genes.
__2__ Yet, between 1980 and 2000, the number of Americans who are obese has doubled — too quickly for genetic factors to be responsible. At restaurants, a dollar puts more calories on our plates than ever before, because restaurant meals usually have more calories than what we prepare at home, so people who eat out more frequently have higher rates of obesity than those who eat out less.
If you're obese, you lack self control.
Research shows that if we are faced with too much information, we have a tendency to make poor choices on diet. __3__ Even the most vigilant (警觉的) people may not be good controllers of themselves.
__4__
Although the US Department of Agriculture estimates that fewer than 5 percent of Americans live in the “food deserts”， about 65 percent of the nation's population is obese. For most of us, obesity is not related to access to more fresh fruits and vegetables, but to the choices we make in supermarkets.
The problem is not that we eat too much, but that we don't exercise.
Michelle Obama's “Let's Move” campaign is based on the idea that if kids exercise more, childhood obesity rates will decrease. __5__ In fact, although a drop in work related physical activity may explain up to 100 fewer calories burned, leisure physical activity appears to have increased.
A．Lack of access to fresh fruits and vegetables is a cause of obesity.
B．Obesity rates have increased.
C．Fresh fruits and vegetables we choose in a supermarket are related to obesity.
D．But there was no obvious decrease in physical activity levels as obesity rates climbed in the 1980s and 1990s.
E．People hold different views on obesity.
F．People benefit a lot from physical activities.
G．Our world has become so rich in food that we can be led to consume too much in ways we can't understand.
答案：1～5 EBGAD
Ⅵ.课时微写作(根据提示完成小作文)
The number of the 1.immigrants (移民) to America is the largest in the world. They suffered 2.hardships (苦难) and 3.racial (种族的) prejudice but managed to 4.make_a_life (习惯于新的生活方式) there. They had great difficulty in adapting to the life gradually in America and at the same time, their customs have been 5.kept_up (保持). 6.That's_why_(那就是为什么) we think America multicultural. 7.It_is_believed_that (人们认为) the immigrants have made great contributions to the local economy.PAGE
第 1 页 共 8 页
Unit 1课时跟踪检测（三） Learning about Language & Using Language
Ⅰ.单词拼写或根据提示写出单词的正确形式
1．The_reform (改革) has achieved good results, and there has been a noticeable change in the countryside.
2．My uncle_hired (雇用) two people to help him at harvest time last autumn.
3．She is ready to_grasp (抓住) any opportunity to expand the business.
4．He had his_luggage/baggage (行李) stolen while he was sleeping in the bus.
5．Seeing the big crowd coming towards him, he started to run down the hill, but slipped_(滑倒)．
6．What's your deepest impression on the applicant (apply)
7．They gave no indication_(indicate) of how the work should be done.
8．I'm thankful (thank) to know that he is safe.
9．No one can escape punishment (punish) if he breaks law.
10．Apparently (apparent), many Chinese women are interested in such movies.
Ⅱ.选词填空
back to back，team up with，mark out，a great many，rather than，take in，apply for
1．You have to apply_for a passport in advance before going abroad.
2．He can take_in_everything the teacher says in class.
3．While having dinner, listen to some enjoyable music rather_than watch television.
4．After seeing_a_great_many homeless people in the streets, I thought I should do something for them.
5．They marked_out the tennis court on the lawn with white paint.
6．John preferred to go into business alone rather than team_up_with anyone else.
7．Stand back_to_back and let's see who is taller.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．We are looking for some useful information at the accident site so that we can look into the matter further.
我们正在事故现场寻找一些有用信息以便我们能进一步调查这件事情。
2．Our seats on the train were back_to_back.
我们在火车上的座位是背靠背的。
3．Just before we get to the gates, he slipped_out_of the jeep and disappeared into the crowd.
我们快到门前时，他溜出吉普车，消失在人群中。
4．A little boy with_two_of_his_front_teeth_missing ran into the house.
前面缺少两颗门牙的小男孩跑进了屋子里。
5．Born_in_a_poor_family,_Nadia had only two years of schooling.
由于出生于贫寒家庭， 纳迪亚只上过两年学。
6．A red sky at night often indicates_fine_weather_the_next_day.
夜空呈红色往往预示第二天天气晴朗。
Ⅳ.完形填空
Some people are afraid of starting a casual conversation with a stranger because of a fear of not having anything interesting to say. Fear of rejection (拒绝) is also a __1__ for keeping silent. Small talk in a conversation can __2__ as a way of warming up and getting to __3__ each other. Most people, no matter __4__ successful they are at work, will find the process of __5__ small talk uncomfortable, even pointless (无意义的). __6__， you will have a pretty small world __7__ you refuse to let others in. Starting off with a casual comment or question will make others __8__， and even just greeting them with a simple “hello” will often be enough.
Once you have made the first __9__， there is no turning back. You need to keep things __10__ before you can gracefully say goodbye. Think about what you would like to __11__ with a new friend and that is what you can ask the other person about. Work, family, hobbies or interests are some __12__ points of discussion. To keep the ball rolling, you can show that you are really __13__ in what they are saying. Once you find common __14__ of interest, things will definitely __15__ off from there.
Small talk can __16__ out to be a pleasant experience. The conversation __17__ be brief and casual without turning into a long and boring discussion. Do not let yourself __18__ the conversation. Stop worrying about how big of a fool you may appear to be. You may __19__ find out later on that you have the __20__ of getting people to open up to you by engaging them in small talk.
语篇解读：本文主要讲述了闲聊在交流中其实很重要。文章分析了人们害怕闲聊的原因，并给出了让闲聊顺利进行下去的建议。
1．A.right B．reason
C．result D．sign
解析：选B 根据“Some people are afraid of starting a casual conversation with a stranger because of a fear of not having anything interesting to say.”可知，人们因为担心没有有趣的事情说，所以不敢和陌生人闲谈。由本句中的also可知，此处讲的也是不敢与陌生人闲谈而保持沉默的原因。故选B项。
2．A.carry B．bring
C．mean D．serve
解析：选D 句意：交流中的闲谈可以起到暖场和开始互相了解的作用。serve as意为“起……的作用”。故选D项。
3．A.know B．study
C．recognise D．help
解析：选A 参见上题解析。know意为“了解”；study意为“学习”；recognise意为“认出；认可”；help意为“帮助”。根据句意可知选A项。
4．A.what B．whether
C．why D．how
解析：选D 句意：大部分的人，无论他们在工作上多么成功，都会发现闲谈的过程是令人不舒服的，甚至没有意义。no matter what意为“无论什么”；no matter whether意为“无论是否”；no matter why意为“无论为什么”，引导让步状语从句，后面不跟形容词；no matter how意为“无论多么”，后面常跟形容词或副词。故选D项。
5．A.giving B．leaving
C．making D．forcing
解析：选C 参见上题解析。make small talk意为“进行闲谈”。故选C项。
6．A.So B．Instead
C．However D．Besides
解析：选C 句意：然而，如果你拒绝让他人进入你的世界，你的世界将会非常小。该句与上文所讲内容为转折关系，故选C项。
7．A.unless B．until
C．if D．though
解析：选C 参见上题解析。设空后的内容是设空前的条件，应用if引导条件状语从句。故选C项。
8．A.comfortable B．upset
C．nervous D．satisfied
解析：选A 根据设空后的“and even just greeting them with a simple ‘hello’ will often be enough”可知，此处指以随意的评论或问题开始将会让别人感到舒服。故选A项。
9．A.try B．plan
C．wish D．move
解析：选D 根据下文中的“You need to keep things ________ before you can gracefully say goodbye.”可知，此处指一旦你迈出了第一步，就得一直继续下去。故选D项。
10．A.changing B．rising
C．improving D．going
解析：选D 根据“before you can gracefully say goodbye”可知，在你可以优雅地道别之前，你需要让谈话进行下去。故选D项。
11．A.play B．share
C．do D．show
解析：选B 根据下文中的“Work, family, hobbies or interests are some ________ points of discussion.”可知，此处是考虑一下你想与一个新朋友分享什么，那也是你可以询问别人的东西。故选B项。
12．A.private B．present
C．important D．general
解析：选D 句意：工作、家庭、爱好或兴趣都是可供讨论的一些通常话题。private意为“私人的”；present意为“现在的”；important意为“重要的”；general意为“通常的”。故选D项。
13．A.careful B．surprised
C．interested D．encouraged
解析：选C 根据下文中的“Once you find common ________ of interest, things will definitely ________ off from there.”可知为了让闲聊继续下去，你可以表现出你对于他们所说的内容真的感兴趣。careful意为“仔细的”；surprised意为“吃惊的”；interested意为“感兴趣的”； encouraged意为“受到鼓励的”。be interested in ...为固定搭配，意为“对……感兴趣”，故选C项。
14．A.ideas B．experiences
C．points D．senses
解析：选C 句意：一旦你发现了彼此兴趣的共同点，情况肯定会就此变好。common point意为“共同点”，故选C项。
15．A.take B．put
C．get D．set
解析：选A 参见上题解析。take off意为“开始成功”；put off意为“推迟”；get off意为“下车”；set off意为“出发”。故选A项。
16．A.come B．turn
C．find D．figure
解析：选B 句意：闲谈可以成为一次愉快的经历。turn out意为“结果是”，符合语境，故选B项。come out意为“出现”；find out意为“查清楚”；figure out意为“理解”。
17．A.should B．need
C．will D．may
解析：选A 句意：交谈应该是简单随意的，不要把它转变成冗长的、枯燥的讨论。根据下文的祈使句可知此处表示建议。故选A项。
18．A.start B．complete
C．consider D．control
解析：选D 结合上下文可知，此处是作者的建议：不要让自己控制谈话。start意为“开始”；complete意为“完成”；consider意为“考虑”；control意为“控制”。故选D项。
19．A.still B．even
C．ever D．almost
解析：选B 句意：你在后来甚至可能会发现你有让他人在闲谈中对你敞开心扉的天赋。even表示加强语气。故选B项。
20．A.right B．advantage
C．talent D．habit
解析：选C 参见上题解析。talent意为“天赋”，符合语境，故选C项。right意为“权利”；advantage意为“优势”；habit意为“习惯”。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
Like many young people around the world, Emmanuel dreamed of getting a university education in the United States. The 26 year old is an undocumented immigrant. This means he does not have the official permission needed to enter, live in, or work in the U．S. Emmanuel came to America from Mexico five years ago, when he discovered that he had to learn English and his dream was much more difficult to achieve. The major difficulty he realized was that there were very few opportunities for him to really receive a formal education.
Federal laws do not prevent immigrants from going to college. But laws do ban illegal immigrants from receiving government financial aid. The average cost of a four year degree at a public university is D|S9,410. By comparison, the average cost at a private university is D|S32,405.
Many immigrants come to the U．S. with little money, so they usually can't afford the expensive education. Emmanuel read about University of the People which has no tuition fee. The classes and teaching materials are all free online. All the teachers are volunteers. But students must be at least 18 years old and have completed high school. The university just requires students to pay a D|S50 application fee when they are admitted and a D|S100 test fee when they complete a class.
Shai Reshef is the president of University of the People. He was born in Israel. He decided to create a tuition free university after visiting several poor countries, where people had limited higher education opportunities. He notes that University of the People is a model to show universities and governments that the issue can be solved. Higher education can be affordable, can be high quality and shouldn't leave anyone behind.
Currently, there are more than 2,500 students studying with the University of the People. It only provides degrees in computer science and business administration. The university expects the student number to double next year.
语篇解读：本文为说明文。伊曼纽尔梦想着在美国接受大学教育，他从墨西哥非法移民来到了美国，却发现自己的梦想比想象的更加难以实现，幸运的是他找到了美国人民大学。
1．What's the biggest problem for Emmanuel
A．He didn't understand English at all.
B．It took him several years to find a job.
C．It was hard for him to receive education.
D．He missed his native country very much.
解析：选C 细节理解题。由第一段“The major difficulty he realized was that there were very few opportunities for him to really receive a formal education”可知，最大的困难是像他这样的非法移民很难有机会在美国真正接受正规教育。
2．Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 2
A．It's against the U．S. laws for immigrants to get a college education.
B．The cost of public universities is higher than that of private ones.
C．People pay D|S32,405 each year for learning at a private university.
D．The U．S. government doesn't offer illegal immigrants money help.
解析：选D 细节理解题。由第二段可知，美国联邦法律未禁止移民上大学，但是法律禁止非法移民获得政府的财政援助。
3．What does Shai Reshef think about higher education
A．It is difficult in Israel.
B．The cost of it needs to be increased.
C．It should be accessible to everybody.
D．People in poor countries don't need to receive it.
解析：选C 推理判断题。由第四段可知，校长沙伊·瑞希夫指出，美国人民大学是一个典范，向各个大学和政府表明高等教育问题是可以解决的。高等教育是可以负担得起的、高质量的，而且不应该抛弃任何人。
4．What do we know about the University of the People
A．It is enjoying a good market.
B．There are a wide variety of courses.
C．Students need to pay nothing to study there.
D．Anybody over the age of 18 will be accepted.
解析：选A 推理判断题。由最后一段“The university expects the student number to double next year”可知，美国人民大学预计明年的人数将翻番，即这个学校很有市场。由第三段可知，C、D两项错误。
B
The last time I saw him was 12 years ago. Twelve years has passed, and I still remember eating pomegranates (石榴) while his thin hands combed through my hair. To this day, I still remember stories my grandfather used to tell me. As a child living in Korea, my grandfather was my closest friend, the man I spent every day with and depended on for back rides. We were inseparable from the moment
we awoke until I fell asleep in his arms. I ate the food he prepared, and he was my pillow and storyteller. Little did we know that a day would come when his first granddaughter would leave. My father was to be stationed in the United States and time would blur (使……变模糊) our images of each other.
On the summer of my sixteenth birthday, I would see my grandfather again. On the plane, thoughts of him ran through my mind during all 14 hours of the flight. Would he look the same Would he be healthy Did he still have the pictures I drew for him Most importantly, would he remember me I was short then and always smiling. He dressed me. Twelve years later, I was taller and had a different figure. I picked out my own outfits and had my own sense of style. I was scared he wouldn't recognize I was his granddaughter.
I landed in the airport and rode with my aunt and cousin to my grandfather's house, where we found him pacing back and forth, awaiting my arrival. He looked the same, and as soon as I stepped out of the car and faced him, I began to cry. He ran toward me.“Tina！” My grandfather kept yelling. We met each other with open arms and he whispered，“I've been waiting for my granddaughter to come home. I missed you, my little Tina. Welcome home.”Our eyes filled with tears as we walked up the stairs, arm in arm, telling each other all the events we had missed in each other's life. He did remember. After all, I am his first granddaughter.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。“我”从小生活在爷爷身边，四岁时随父亲到美国定居，十二年后再次回去见爷爷，一路上总是担心爷爷认不出自己，但没想到一下车爷爷就认出了“我”。
5．It can be inferred that in childhood the author always ________.
A．ate the food her grandmother prepared
B．remembered the stories her grandmother told
C．rode on her grandfather's back
D．got on well with her father
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第一段第四句“As a child living in Korea ... for back rides.”可知，“我”每天都和爷爷在一起，骑在他背上玩耍。故答案选C。
6．How old was the author when she left her grandfather
A．About 12 years old. B．About 6 years old.
C．About 4 years old. D．About 2 years old.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知，“我”最后一次见到爷爷是十二年前；根据第二段第一
句可知，十六岁生日的那年夏天“我”再次见到了爷爷；由此可推知，作者是在四岁的时候离开爷爷的。故答案选C。
7．Why did the author think her grandfather probably would not make her out
A．Because her grandfather was forgetful.
B．Because she was already a “big girl”．
C．Because she was already an American.
D．Because her grandfather was too old.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I was short then ... my own sense of style.”可知，十二年后，“我”长高了，形象不一样了，所以担心爷爷认不出“我”。故答案选B。
8．The author met her grandfather ________.
A．in the airport B．by herself
C．with her parents D．with her relatives
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“I landed in the airport and rode with my aunt and cousin to my grandfather's house”可知，作者是和亲戚一块去见爷爷的。故答案选D。PAGE
第 1 页 共 5 页
Unit 1 课时跟踪检测（一） Warming Up & Reading — Pre reading
阅读理解
A
Where can you find the first successful airplane, one of the world's biggest bugs (虫子) and Kermit the Frog They're all at the Smithsonian Institution, Americans' storehouse of the coolest things ever, in Washington. ,D．C. More than 138 million objects have been collected by their 19 museums, with more coming in every day.
The Smithsonian was founded in 1846 and named after James Smithson, an English businessman. Smithson never visited America, but he left his entire fortune to the United States to build an institution “for the increase of knowledge.”
Here are just a few of the amazing things in the Smithsonian collection.
Big bugs
The Smithsonian has 35 million bugs. The largest insect in the collection is a beetle (甲虫) from South America called the titan beetle. Titan beetles can grow to more than 6 inches long.
Flying machines
The first powered plane to fly, the 1903 Wright Flyer, is displayed in the National Air and Space Museum. The Smithsonian has the first supersonic(超音速的)airliner, the Concorde, which could cross the Atlantic Ocean in fewer than four hours.
The longest beard
The Smithsonian is home to the longest beard ever recorded. Norwegian immigrant Hans Langseth had grown his facial hair to 18 feet 6 inches by the time he died in 1927. The Smithsonian has 17 feet 6 inches of it because, even though Langseth's final wish was to have his entire beard preserved, his family decided it wouldn't be right to bury him clean shaven.
Time and admission：
Smithsonian museums are open every day of the year except December 25 unless otherwise noted. Most museums are open daily from 10 a．m. to 5：30 p．m. The American Art Museum and Portrait Gallery are open 11：30 a．m. to 7 p．m.
Admission is free for all Smithsonian museums and the zoo in Washington, D．C., and the American Indian Museum's George Gustav Heye Center in New York. A fee is required at the Cooper Hewitt, National Design Museum in New York (Members and children under 12 are admitted free)．
语篇解读：本文是应用文。文章介绍了美国史密森尼博物院的历史、展品、游览须知等。
1．According to the text, the Smithsonian Institution ______.
A．was founded in honor of an American
B．has all its museums in Washington, D．C.
C．is most famous for its fine collection of art
D．was funded by money from James Smithson
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第二段的“named after James Smithson”和“he left his entire fortune to the United States to build an institution ‘for the increase of knowledge’”可知，史密森尼博物院建立的资金来自于James Smithson去世后留下的钱。
2．The Smithsonian failed to get the entire beard of Hans Langseth's due to________.
A．the words in his last will
B．the rejection of his family
C．the tradition of Norwegians
D．the bad condition of the beard
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据文中第六段的“Langseth's final wish was to have his entire beard preserved, his family decided it wouldn't be right to bury him clean shaven”可知，虽然Langseth希望把自己的胡子都保留下来，但他的家人还是希望他能留点胡子下葬。
3．All of Smithsonian museums ________.
A．are open at 10 a．m.
B．charge an entrance fee
C．are closed on Christmas Day
D．ask for your membership cards
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Smithsonian museums are open every day of the year except December 25”可知，该博物馆圣诞节闭馆。
B
Getting less sleep has become a bad habit for most American kids. According to a new survey (调查) by the National Sleep Foundation, 51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights, even though they have to get up early. Last year the Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7 to 12 year olds said they felt tired during the day, and 15% said they had fallen asleep at school.
How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age. Babies need a lot of rest; most of them sleep about 18 hours a day! Adults need about eight hours. For most school age children, ten hours is ideal (理想的). But the new National Sleep Foundation survey found that 35% of 10 to 12 year olds get only seven or eight hours. And guess what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime Watch TV.
“More children are going to bed with TVs on, and there are more opportunities (机会) to stay awake, with more homework, the Internet and the phone，” says Dr. Mary Carskadon, a sleep researcher at Brown University Medical School. She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep. Other experts say part of the problem is chemical. Changing levels of body chemicals called hormones not only make teenagers' bodies develop adult characteristics, but also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 pm.
Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers, some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to. Three years ago, schools in Edina, Minnesota, changed the start time from 7：25 am to 8：30 am. Students, parents and teachers are pleased with the results.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章指出美国孩子缺乏睡眠的问题，列举了不同年龄段的孩子所需的睡眠时间、青少年晚睡的原因以及学校为解决青少年的睡眠问题所采取的措施等。
4．What is the new National Sleep Foundation survey on
A．American kids' sleeping habits.
B．Teenagers' sleep related diseases.
C．Activities to prevent sleeplessness.
D．Learning problems and lack of sleep.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容可知，该调查主要是对美国青少年的睡眠习惯进行的研究，所以选A项。
5．How many hours of sleep do 11 year olds need every day
A．7 hours. B．8 hours.
C．10 hours. D．18 hours.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“For most school age children, ten hours is ideal (理想的)．”可知，11岁左右的青少年最佳的睡眠时长是10小时，故选C项。
6．Why do teenagers go to sleep late according to Carskadon
A．They are affected by certain body chemicals.
B．They tend to do things that excite them.
C．They follow their parents' examples.
D．They don't need to go to school early.
解析：选B 推理判断题。 根据第三段第一句和“She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep.”可推知，由于青少年晚上的活动会使他们兴奋，所以他们很难静下心来睡觉，从而导致晚睡，故选B项。
C
On the Right Track
Why do we always want to go faster I am talking about travel. We want our cars, trains and planes to get us to places quicker. This century, there's been a rise in high speed rail travel as people have seen the benefits of this form of transport.
I love train travel and have experienced the efficient and fast trains that operate in France and Japan. The acceleration and top speed of these trains are impressive. The space and comfort on board make it comfortable and the ability to see something out of the window means, according to me, it will beat air travel one day.
Spain recently joined the railway revolution with its AVE ultra modern high speed train that has a top speed of 310 kilometers per hour. Its service from Madrid to Barcelona took 20% of passengers away from Spain's national airline. In Japan, a magnetic train that will run at 500 kilometers per hour is being developed.
This has categorized rail travel in Britain as the slow line. It has one high speed line from London to France — HS1 — but now it is planning to construct a new line called HS2 which will connect London with the north of England. The U．K. government's transport secretary says, “This is essential to actually making sure that our great cities are connected and we get the right benefits for the United Kingdom. ”
But not everyone agrees. The idea of fast train travel may appeal but not if it's going to be built in your backyard. It's controversial: people are arguing over the benefits and cost of having shorter journey time, less traffic on the roads and more capacity on the rail network.
John Kelleher, who is a farmer and lives on the proposed site of the new line, says, “They're not taking the destruction into consideration, which HS2 will cause on its construction sites and routes through the countryside.” Some people are worried the financial and environmental cost of saving just half an hour on a journey will be too high.But other countries have shown that high speed rail is good for the economy.It has helped poorer parts of the country reduce the need to fly and has made train travel cool.
语篇解读：如今，各种各样的交通方式使我们的出行越来越快捷，高铁的发展也充分展现出了它的优势，但对于高速铁路的发展，不同的人持有不同的观点。
7．Which is the most comfortable form of travel according to the author
A．Rail. B．Air.
C．Highway. D．Underground.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“I love train travel ... it will beat air travel one day.”可知，作者认为最舒服的旅行方式是火车。
8．Which statement is NOT the benefit of the fast train travel
A．Construction of it will benefit the environment of the countryside.
B．It reduces traffic jam.
C．It saves some time on a journey.
D．It can hold more people.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据文章第五、六段可知，高速铁路可缩短出行时间、减少拥堵，其运载能力更强，但高速铁路的建设却会破坏乡村环境，故A项符合题意。
9．What is the author's attitude toward the high speed rail
A．Supportive. B．Negative.
C．Doubtful. D．Objective.
解析：选D 推理判断题。文章客观阐述了高速铁路的优势及劣势，由此可知作者对高速铁路的发展持客观态度，故选D项。
10．What is the main idea of the passage
A．People benefit from high speed rail a lot.
B．More and more people are fond of traveling.
C．High speed rail travel has developed quickly recently.
D．Travel means having a vital effect on local economy.
解析：选C 主旨大意题。作者从人们对旅行方式的选择引入话题——出行越来越快捷，加快了高铁的发展；中间几个段落列举了不同国家高铁的发展情况；最后围绕高铁的发展给出了不同的看法。所以本文的主题就是高铁的迅猛发展。
