中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第十五讲 定语从句
备考2023年中考英语三年中考两年模拟复习学案
定语从句是初中英语中一个比较重要的语法项目，同时它也是各地中考英语的一个常考考点。综观近年来各地的中考英语试题，定语从句的主要考点集中在两个方面：一是考查指物的关系代词的用法，二是考查指人的关系代词的用法。另外，它有时也会涉及一些其他的方面，但相对考得比较少。
思维导图记知识点
一、定语从句概述:
在复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。
引导定语从句的关系代词有who, whose, whom, which, that 。
引导定语从句的关系副词有when, where, why。
关系代词在定语从句中做主语，宾语，定语。关系副词在定语从句中做状语。
二、关系代词的用法
1、who引导的定语从句,who在从句中做主语(口语中也可做宾语)，修饰表示人的先行词。
2、whom引导的定语从句,whom在从句中作宾语,修饰表示人的先行词，口语中可以省略。
(固定短语中的介词一般不能拆开，仍放在动词之后。look for / look after /take care of / put on / take off…)
3、whose引导的定语从句,whose在从句中作定语，修饰表示人或物的先行词。
4、that引导的定语从句，that在从句中做主语或宾语、修饰表示人或物的先行词。作宾语时可省略,不能放在介词后面作宾语. (that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which)
5、which引导的定语从句，which在从句中做主语，也可做宾语，或介词的宾语，修饰表示物的先行词。
三、关系副词的用法
1、由when 引导的定语从句，修饰表示时间的先行词，when为关系副词，做定语从句的时间状语。
I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.
I still remember the day on which I first came to Beijing.
( 介词＋which可以代替 when)
2、由where 引导的定语从句，修饰表示地点的先行词，where为关系副词，做定语从句的地点状语。
This is the place where we lived for five years.
The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.
The factory in which his father works is in the west of the city.
( 介词＋which可以代替where)
3、Why引导的定语从句，why做原因状语。
I know the reason why he came late. ( for＋which可以代替why)
The reason why / for which he was late was that he was ill.
四、关系代词的主谓一致
关系代词在从句中作主语，谓语动词的数与先行词保持一致。
The student who is good at English studies hard.
The students who are good at English study hard.
五、只能用that的情况小结：
1. 在there + be 的句型中，句子的主语是先行词，而且又是物。
There are two novels that I want to read. 我要读的有两本小说。
2. 当先行词为主句的表语
This is the book that was bought yesterday.这就是昨天买的书。
3. 以Here is (are)开头的句子时。
Here is a film that will move anyone. 这是一部将使任何人受感动的电影。
4. It is (high) time +定语从句中。
It is time that we should have a rest. 我们应该休息了。
5. 当先行词是way等词时，关系代词用that或者in which在定语从句中作方式状语时，在口语中，可省略。
This is the way that my father did this work.这就是我父亲做此工作的方式。
6. 在双重限定性定语从句中，如果一个从句用who或者which引导时，那么另一个从句用that引导。
He is the student that I have ever see who can jump highest. 他是我曾经看到过跳得最高的学生。
7. 当先行词被the last , the very 和the only修饰时。
This is the very pen that I am looking for. 这正是我找的钢笔。
8. 在强调句子中，并且以who ,which, what开头时。
Who was it that was lost 究竟是谁迷路了？
9. 当先行词被序数词、数词、形容词最高级修饰时。
You are the first person that I want to ask for.你是我要见的第一个人。
10. 当先行词被all, every, no , some, few , little, much, both等修饰时，
This is all that I want to say at the meeting.这就是我在会上要说的。
11. 当先行词既指人又指物时。
The professor and his achievement that I heard about are admired by them .
12. 当先行词为anything、everything、nothing时，关系代词用that,不用which；但用something时，用which或者that均可。
Everything we have seen in China is moving. 我们在中国看见的东西件件感人。
13. 当先行词是疑问代词who时。
Who that you have ever seen can beat him in chess 你曾见过谁能在棋艺上打败他？
六、定语从句分类
定语从句可分为两大类，即限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。?
① 限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉的话，主句的意思就不完整，意义就表述不明。这种句型一般定语从句紧接先行词（不用逗号隔开）如：
I was the only person in my office who was invited.??
② 非限制性定语从句。它与主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词起补充、说明的作用，也就是说即便去掉定语从句，句意也不受影响。主从句之间常用逗号分开，且非限制性定语从句不能用that来引导。
This was the American Civil War, which lasted 4 years before the North won in the end.
1．（2020·甘肃兰州·中考真题）I will never forget the young man ________ saved my mom in the fire.
A．when B．which C．where D．who
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我永远不会忘记那个在火灾中救了我妈妈的年轻人。
考查定语从句。when关系副词，指时间，作状语；which关系代词，指物，作主语或宾语；where关系副词，指地点，作状语；who关系代词，指人，作主语；man是先行词，指人，在定语从句中作主语，应用who引导，故选D。
2．（2020·湖南湘潭·中考真题）We are supposed to care about the workers ________ keep our city clean.
A．which B．who C．whom
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我们应该关心使我们的城市保持清洁的那些工人们。
考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰名词“the workers”，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who。故选B。
3．（2020·内蒙古·统考中考真题）The photo________ taken by my classmate last week is very nice.
A．which were B．that is C．that were D．which was
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我同学上周拍的这张照片非常漂亮。
考查定语从句和时态。根据“last week”可知，此处用一般过去时，排除B项，此处定语从句缺少主语，引导词作主语，因此定语从句的谓语根据先行词来判断，先行词the photo是第三人称单数，定语从句的谓语用第三人称单数形式，故选D。
4．（2020·辽宁朝阳·统考中考真题）—What kind of movies do you prefer
—I prefer movies ________ me something to think about.
A．that gives B．which gives C．who give D．which give
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你更喜欢哪种电影？——我更喜欢能给我一些思考的东西的电影。
考查定语从句的用法。that关系代词，修饰人或物；which关系代词，修饰人或物；who关系代词，修饰人。定语从句的先行词movies为表示物品的名词，在从句中做主语，故选择修饰物的关系代词，故排除C；因为从句的主语movies是复数，故动词give用原形。故选D。
5．（2020·四川巴中·统考中考真题）The shoes ________ I bought yesterday cost me ten dollars.
A．whose B．which C．whom D．who
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我昨天买的鞋子花了我十美元。
考查关系代词。whose谁的，指代人或物，在定语从句中作定语；which关系代词，引导定语从句时，指代物，并且在句中充当主语或者宾语；whom宾格，谁，指代人，在定语从句中作宾语；who谁，指代人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子结构可知，本题含有一个定语从句，空格上要填的词在定语从句中作bought的宾语，指代 shoes。选项C和D 引导定语从句时指代人，可排除； 选项A 引导定语从句时可指人也可指物，作定语；which 在引导定语从句时只能指物，作主语或宾语，因此B选项符合题意，故选B。
6．（2020·西藏·统考中考真题）Dr Zhong Nanshan is a pioneer ________ has made a lot of contributions (贡献) in the field of medical science.
A．which B．who C．whose D．what
【答案】B
【详解】句意：钟南山医生是一位在医学领域做出了重大贡献的先驱。
考查定语从句。which引导定语从句时，先行词为物，在句中作主语、宾语、表语；who引导定语从句时，先行词为人，在句中作主语；whose引导定语从句时，先行词为人或物，在句中作定语；what不能引导定语从句。由“Dr Zhong Nanshan is a pioneer…has made a lot of…”可知，本句为定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词pioneer指人，故应用who引导定语从句。故选B。
7．（2020·吉林长春·统考中考真题）Zhong Nanshan is a medical expert ____________ saves lives and is always honest.
A．which B．who C．what D．whose
【答案】B
【详解】句意：钟南山是一名拯救生命且总是诚实的医学专家。
考查定语从句。分析句子可知，本句是定语从句，先行词expert是人，引导词在从句中作主语。故选B。
8．（2020·内蒙古呼和浩特·统考中考真题）—The singer __________comes from USA is called Bob.
—I know. The most popular song __________was sung by him was on the CCTV show last night.
A．who; which B．who; that
C．that; which D．whom; that
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——这位来自美国的歌手叫鲍勃。——我知道。在昨晚中央电视台的节目中是他唱的最流行的歌曲。
本题考查定语从句。第一空先行词singer，表示人，在定语从句缺少主语，因此用who引导定语从句。第二空先行词song前有形容词最高级the most popular修饰，用that引导定语从句，不可以用which，故选B。
9．（2020·湖北黄冈·统考中考真题）—Do you know the girl__ is giving the speech
—Of course. She is my best friend, Meimei.
A．which B．who C．whom D．what
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你知道那个演讲的女孩么？——当然知道，她是我最好的朋友，梅梅。
考查定语从句。which指代物，在定语从句中主语或宾语；who指代人，在定语从句中主语或宾语；who指代人，在定语从句中宾语；what什么。此处是定语从句，先行词是girl指的是人，定语从句用who，who在定语从句中做主语。故选B。
10．（2020·福建·统考中考真题）Du Fu is a great Chinese poet ________ has become popular with many people around the world.
A．which B．whom C．who
【答案】C
【详解】句意：杜甫是一位伟大的中国诗人，他受到世界各地许多人的欢迎。
考查定语从句。which哪一个；whom宾格，谁；who主格，谁。句中poet是先行词，表示“人”，所以此处使用who或whom引导定语从句，由于引导词在从句中作主语，所以此处使用who引导定语从句。故选C。
11．（2021·四川甘孜·统考中考真题）—Do you know the girl ________ is standing over there
—Yes. She is my sister.
A．when B．where C．who D．which
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你认识站在那边的那个女孩吗？——是的。她是我的妹妹。
考查定语从句，when关系副词，在句子中作时间状语；where关系副词，在句子中作地点状语；who关系代词，在从句中作主语或宾语；which关系代词，在从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子结构，可知是定语从句，从句缺少主语，先行词是girl，指人，则此处应用关系代词who，在从句中作主语。故选C。
12．（2021·西藏·统考中考真题）We’ll never forget the heroes ________ bring people hope in difficult times.
A．which B．whom C．whose D．who
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我们永远不会忘记在困难时期为人民带来希望的英雄们。
考查定语从句。本句含定语从句，先行词是“the heroes”，指人，引导词在从句中作主语，故选D。
13．（2021·江苏徐州·统考中考真题）Agatha Christie was a female writer ________ is considered the queen of crime novels.
A．what B．whose C．who D．which
【答案】C
【详解】句意：阿加莎·克里斯蒂是一位被誉为犯罪小说女王的女作家。
考查关系代词。what不能引导定语从句；whose是关系代词，指代人或物，在定语从句中作定语；who是关系代词，指代人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；which关系代词，指代物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。根据题干可知，本句是一个定语从句，先行词writer指人，引导词在从句中作主语，因此用关系代词who引导，故选C。
14．（2021·青海西宁·统考中考真题）—I have read books ________ were written by Charles Dickens.
—So do I. David Copperfield is my favorite.
A．how B．who C．what D．that
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我读过查尔斯·狄更斯写的书。——我也是。大卫·科波菲尔是我的最爱。
考查定语从句的引导词。how关系副词，引导定语从句，在从句中作状语；who关系代词，引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词为人；what不能引导定语从句；that关系代词，引导定语从句，在从句中作主语或宾语，先行词为人或物。本句中先行词为物，且引导词在从句中作主语，应用that引导定语从句。故选D。
15．（2021·湖南株洲·统考中考真题）The active ladies like music ________ they can dance to.
A．that B．where C．who
【答案】A
【详解】句意：活跃的女士们喜欢可以随着音乐跳舞的音乐。
考查定语从句。此句是定语从句，先行词music指物，在从句中作宾语，用that引导定语从句，故选A。
16．（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考中考真题）—I still remember all the stories ________ my grandma told me.
—The memories of our childhood are always hard to forget.
A．what B．who C．that
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我仍然记得我奶奶告诉我的所有故事。——童年的记忆总是难以忘记。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是all the stories，指物，引导词在从句中作宾语，故选C。
17．（2021·贵州毕节·统考中考真题）Great changes have taken place here. Everything ________ comes into my eyes is so new to me.
A．that B．which C．who D．whom
【答案】A
【详解】句意：这里发生了巨大的变化。我所看到的一切对我来说都是如此的新鲜。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是不定代词Everything，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，只能用that。故选A。
18．（2021·福建·统考中考真题）We all miss Wu Mengchao ________ saved thousands of lives in his medical work.
A．which B．what C．who
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我们都怀念吴孟超，他在医疗工作中挽救了成千上万的生命。
考查定语从句。which关系代词，指物，作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句；who关系代词，指人，作主语；先行词“Wu Mengchao”，指人，在从句中作主语，应用who引导定语从句，故选C。
19．（2021·云南·统考中考真题）Yuan Longping is a great scientist ________ was honored as “The Father of Hybrid Rice”.
A．when B．who C．which D．whose
【答案】B
【详解】句意：袁隆平是一位伟大的科学家，被誉为“杂交水稻之父”。
考查定语从句关系词。when先行词指时间，且在从句中作时间状语；who先行词指人，且在从句中作主语；which先行词指物，且在从句中作主语或宾语；whose先行词指人或物，相当于who或which的所有格。题干中先行词“a great scientist”指人，且在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故选B。
20．（2021·四川乐山·统考中考真题）— Do you like the weekly talk show, The Reader，on CCTV
—Sure. It' s a great TV programme__________brings the habit of reading back into the public
A．who B．that C．what
【答案】B
【详解】句意：﹣你喜欢每周的中央电视台的这个谈话节目朗读者吗？﹣当然了，这是一个很棒的电视节目，它可以把阅读习惯带给公众。who指人；引导定语从句的时候，在从句中作主语；that指"物"引导定语从句的时候，在从句中作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句．根据"a great TV programme"一个很棒的电视节目，这是一个表示物的先行词，所以要用that来引导定语从句，综上所述，故选B．
21．（2022·青海·统考中考真题）—Do you like the song Jian Hun on Douyin
—Yes, I like the songs ________ I can dance to.
A．that B．who C．what
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你喜欢抖音上的歌曲《剑魂》吗？——是的，我喜欢能跟着跳舞的歌。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词songs是指物，在从句中作宾语，用that引导定语从句，故选A。
22．（2022·四川成都·统考中考真题）Rome is an ancient city _______ is full of places of interest.
A．where B．which C．who
【答案】B
【详解】句意：罗马是一座充满名胜古迹的古城。
考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是物“an ancient city”，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导定语从句。故选B。
23．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考中考真题）—How exciting the speech is!
—Pretty good! This is the best speech ________ I’ve ever heard.
A．which B．that C．who
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——演讲多么令人兴奋啊！——相当不错！这是我听过的最好的演讲。
考查定语从句。此句是定语从句，先行词speech前有最高级修饰，要用that引导定语从句，故选B。
24．（2022·广西柳州·中考真题）Do you know the boy ________ is standing under the tree
A．who B．which C．where
【答案】A
【详解】句意：你认识站在树下的那个男孩吗？
考查定语从句的关系词。who在引导的定语从句中作主语或宾语，指代人；which在引导的定语从句中作主语或宾语，指代物；where在引导的定语从句中作状语。分析句子可知，本句是定语从句，句中先行词是boy，指人，空处在从句中作主语，所以用who引导。故选A。
25．（2022·湖南郴州·统考中考真题）—Do you know the woman ________ is giving a lesson in space now
—Of course. She is Wang Yaping.
A．which B．whom C．who
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你认识正在上太空课的那位女士吗？——当然。她是王亚平。
考查定语从句。此句是定语从句，先行词woman是指人，在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句，故选C。
26．（2022·吉林·统考中考真题）Mrs. Wang is an English teacher ________ makes her classes lively and interesting.
A．which B．who C．what
【答案】B
【详解】句意：王老师是一位英语老师，她使她的课生动有趣。
考查定语从句。此句是定语从句，先行词an English teacher是指人，在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句，故选B。
27．（2022·湖北恩施·统考中考真题）China is the first nation ________ sent Chang’e Ⅳ to the far side of the moon.
A．which B．that C．who
【答案】B
【详解】句意：中国是第一个将嫦娥Ⅳ发射到月球背面的国家。
考查定语从句。which关系代词，先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；that关系代词，先行词指物或人，在从句中作主语或宾语；who关系代词，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；句子先行词是nation，在句中作主语，且先行词被序数词修饰，此处关系代词用that，故选B。
28．（2022·贵州铜仁·统考中考真题）—Is the woman ______ walked past just now your teacher
—Yes, she teaches ______ English and we all love her very much.
A．which; our B．who; us C．which; us D．that; our
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——刚才走过的那个女人是你的老师吗？——是的，她教我们英语，我们都非常喜欢她。
考查定语从句以及代词辨析。第一空所在句子是定语从句，先行词woman是指人，在从句中作主语，应用who或that引导定语从句，排除A和C选项。us我们，人称代词宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词。第二空位于动词teach后，应填人称代词宾格作宾语，故选B。
29．（2022·湖北十堰·统考中考真题）Students love the teachers ________ are outgoing and humorous.
A．who B．whom C．which D．whose
【答案】A
【详解】句意：学生喜欢开朗幽默的老师。
考查定语从句。此处含定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，故选A。
30．（2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题）—Mom is waiting. Can we set off now
—Just a minute. I can’t find the shoes ________ I bought last week.
A．that B．who C．what D．who
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——妈妈在等待。我们现在可以出发了吗？——等一下。我找不到我上周买的鞋了。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是“the shoes”，指物，引导词在从句中作宾语，所以用that或which，结合选项，故选A。
31．（2021·广西南宁·校考三模）The film My Sister ________ I saw yesterday is wonderful.
A．who B．what C．which D．where
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我昨天看的电影《我的姐姐》很好看。
考查定语从句。定语从句先行词为一部电影，是物；另外关系词在从句中作saw的宾语，which符合，故选C。
32．（2021·广西桂林·统考一模）The man _________ gave us a talk on science yesterday is a famous scientist.
A．who B．whose C．which
【答案】A
【详解】句意：昨天给我们做科学报告的那个人是一位著名的科学家。
考查定语从句。who引导定语从句时，在从句中作主语或宾语，指代人；whose引导定语从句时，在从句中作定语，指代人或物；which引导定语从句时，在从句中作主语或宾语，指代物。分析句子结构可知，该句是含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是“The man”，指人，在从句中作主语，所以关系词用who，故选A。
33．（2021·福建福州·校考模拟预测）Yuan Longping ________ is known as “The Father of Hybrid Rice” is the pride of China.
A．whom B．that C．which
【答案】B
【详解】句意：被誉为“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平是中国的骄傲。
考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，是定语从句，先行词是“Yuan Longping”，用that作从句的主语，故选B。
34．（2021·贵州六盘水·统考一模）We shouldn’t forget the people ________ gave us a hand when we were in trouble.
A．what B．whose C．who
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我们不应该忘记那些在我们遇到困难时帮助过我们的人。
考查定语从句。what不能引导定语从句；whose关系代词，先行词指人或物，在从句中作定语；who关系代词，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；句子先行词是“the people”，在从句中作主语，应用who引导定语从句，故选C。
35．（2021·辽宁丹东·校考二模）We’ll graduate but we’ll never forget the days ________ we spend in No. 13 School.
A．when B．that C．where D．what
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我们即将毕业，但我们永远不会忘记我们在第13中学度过的日子。
考查定语从句。that关系代词，先行词指人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；where关系副词，先行词指地点，在从句中作状语；when关系副词，先行词指时间，在从句中作状语；what不能引导定语从句。句子先行词是“the days”，指物或时间，而先行词在从句中作宾语，应用that引导，故选B。
36．（2021·福建福州·统考三模）— What’s new in the App Store
— Notability. It is a useful app ________ can help you add things like pictures, videos, and even audio recordings to your notes.
A．who B．which C．what
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——应用商店有什么新的东西吗？——Notability。这是一个有用的应用程序，它可以帮助你添加图片、视频甚至录音等内容到笔记中。
考查定语从句的关系词。根据“It is a useful app...can help you add things”可知，定语从句“...can help you add things”缺少主语，指代app，所以用which指代物体。故选B。
37．（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考三模）—What did she write in her composition
—She described the people and places ________ left her the sweetest memory.
A．which B．who C．that
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——她在作文中写了什么？——她描述了那些给她留下最美好回忆的人和地方。
考查定语从句的引导词。which关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词为物；who关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词为人；that关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词为人或物。本句的先行词“the people and places”是人和物，引导词只能用that。故选C。
38．（2021·四川乐山·统考二模）The man ________ is wearing sunglasses wants to know ________ Miss has arrived.
A．who; whether B．that; that C．whom; how
【答案】A
【详解】句意：那个戴太阳镜的男人想知道小姐是否已经到了。
考查从句。第一处是定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，用who或that，排除C；第二处是宾语从句，表示“想知道是否已经到了”，用whether。故选A。
39．（2021·甘肃庆阳·统考二模）There are many works of art in the museum ________ we will visit tomorrow.
A．that B．who C．where D．what
【答案】A
【详解】句意：博物馆里有许多艺术品，我们明天将去参观。
考查定语从句的引导词。此句为定语从句，先行词“museum”为物，且在从句中作宾语，应用that引导定语从句。故选A。
40．（2021·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·统考一模）Kids, I hope you’ll remember the good old days ______ we spent together in junior high though it’s time to say goodbye.
A．who B．what C．which D．when
【答案】C
【详解】句意：孩子们，我希望你们会记得我们在初中一起度过的美好时光，虽然是时候说再见了。
考查定语从句。先行词是days，引导词在从句中作宾语，可用that或which，故选C。
41．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨市第六十九中学校校考二模）—What kind of music do you often listen to after work
—Music ________.
A．can help me relax B．that can help me relax C．helps me relax
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你下班后经常听什么音乐？——可以帮助我放松的音乐。
考查定语从句。根据“What kind of music...”可知答语应回答喜欢什么样的音乐，故此处应用定语从句修饰名词music，关系词在从句中作主语，关系词不可省略，故应用that引导定语从句，而选项AC为简单句，不符合句意，排除AC。故选B。
42．（2022·广西贵港·统考三模）—Bill, could you say something about the book
—Sure. It is one of the most interesting books ________ are sold in the bookshop.
A．what B．that C．who D．where
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——比尔，你能说一些关于这本书的事情吗？——当然。这是在这个书店卖的最有趣的书之一。
考查定语从句。what什么；that那个；who谁；where哪里。根据先行词“books”为物，且前有最高级修饰，在定语从句中作主语，故关系词应用that。故选B。
43．（2022·西藏·模拟预测）This is the skirt _______ I bought yesterday.
A．who B．whom C．where D．that
【答案】D
【详解】句意：这是我昨天买的短裙。
考查定语从句。先行词“the skirt”指物，在从句中作宾语，用that引导定语从句。故选D。
44．（2022·浙江温州·统考一模）—Susan still misses ________ in Wenzhou.
—I know. Local snacks are her favourite.
A．the friendly people who she met B．the days which she spent with us
C．the famous places that she visited D．the delicious food which she tried
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——苏珊仍然想念她在温州吃过的美味食物。——我知道。当地小吃是她的最爱。
考查定语从句。the friendly people who she met她遇到的友善的人；the days which she spent with us她和我们一起度过的日子 ；the famous places that she visited她参观过的著名景点；the delicious food which she tried她品尝的美味的食物。根据“I know. Local snacks are her favourite.”可知想念的是美味的食物。故选D。
45．（2022·吉林四平·统考一模）Zhong Nanshan is a medical expert ________ saves lives and is always honest.
A．which B．who C．whose
【答案】B
【详解】句意：钟南山是一名拯救生命且总是诚实的医学专家。
考查定语从句。分析句子可知，本句是定语从句，先行词expert是人，引导词在从句中作主语。应用who引导定语从句，故选B。
46．（2022·云南·统考模拟预测）A memorial meeting was held to honor the heroes ________ lost their lives during the outbreak of COVID-19.
A．who B．which C．what D．whose
【答案】A
【详解】句意：一个纪念大会将被举行以纪念在抗击新冠中牺牲的英雄们。
考查定语从句。分析句子可知，句子是定语从句，先行词是“heroes”，指人，在从句中作主语，因此用“who”来引导定语从句。故选A。
47．（2022·浙江温州·统考二模）—Hey, Bob. What are you doing
—I’m writing a thank-note to ________.
A．the student who usually plays basketball with us
B．the neighbour who often makes noise in the midnight
C．the passenger who got on the wrong bus this morning
D．the worker who often picks up rubbish in the local park
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——嘿，鲍勃。你在做什么？——我正在给经常在当地公园捡垃圾的工人写一封感谢信。
考查定语从句。根据“a thank-note”可知，是感谢信，应该与助人为乐的事情相关，故选D。
48．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考三模）Harbin is a beautiful city ________ I’ve worked for more than thirty years.
A．that B．who C．in which
【答案】C
【详解】句意：哈尔滨是一个美丽的城市，我在那里工作了三十多年。
考查定语从句。根据题干，可知本句为定语从句，先行词是city；在从句中作地点状语，应用in which=where引导定语从句，故选C。
49．（2022·贵州安顺·统考一模）Do you still remember the place ______ we visited last month
A．where B．which C．what D．who
【答案】B
【详解】句意：你还记得我们上个月参观的那个地方吗？
考查定语从句。“we visited last month”是对“the place”的修饰限定，因此本句为定语从句。从句中visited缺宾语，因此空格处使用关系代词。先行词“the place”是物，关系代词用which/that。故选B。
50．（2022·黑龙江·统考一模）—How sad it is to part with our classmates and teachers!
—Yes. I’ll remember the days ________ we spent together.
A．which B．what C．when
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——要跟我们的老师们和同学们分开是一件多么难过的事情啊！——是的。我会记得我们一起度过的那些日子的。
考查关系代词。答句中的“the days”是名词，后面可带定语从句来修饰它。从句“we spent together”中的谓语动词spent是及物动词，后面缺了宾语，说明定语从句的引导词在从句中作宾语。先行词the days是物的概念，因此关系代词用that或which。故选A。
考点分析
知识梳理
三年中考真题
两年模拟演练
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第十五讲 定语从句
备考2023年中考英语三年中考两年模拟复习学案
定语从句是初中英语中一个比较重要的语法项目，同时它也是各地中考英语的一个常考考点。综观近年来各地的中考英语试题，定语从句的主要考点集中在两个方面：一是考查指物的关系代词的用法，二是考查指人的关系代词的用法。另外，它有时也会涉及一些其他的方面，但相对考得比较少。
思维导图记知识点
一、定语从句概述:
在复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。
引导定语从句的关系代词有who, whose, whom, which, that 。
引导定语从句的关系副词有when, where, why。
关系代词在定语从句中做主语，宾语，定语。关系副词在定语从句中做状语。
二、关系代词的用法
1、who引导的定语从句,who在从句中做主语(口语中也可做宾语)，修饰表示人的先行词。
2、whom引导的定语从句,whom在从句中作宾语,修饰表示人的先行词，口语中可以省略。
(固定短语中的介词一般不能拆开，仍放在动词之后。look for / look after /take care of / put on / take off…)
3、whose引导的定语从句,whose在从句中作定语，修饰表示人或物的先行词。
4、that引导的定语从句，that在从句中做主语或宾语、修饰表示人或物的先行词。作宾语时可省略,不能放在介词后面作宾语. (that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which)
5、which引导的定语从句，which在从句中做主语，也可做宾语，或介词的宾语，修饰表示物的先行词。
三、关系副词的用法
1、由when 引导的定语从句，修饰表示时间的先行词，when为关系副词，做定语从句的时间状语。
I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.
I still remember the day on which I first came to Beijing.
( 介词＋which可以代替 when)
2、由where 引导的定语从句，修饰表示地点的先行词，where为关系副词，做定语从句的地点状语。
This is the place where we lived for five years.
The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.
The factory in which his father works is in the west of the city.
( 介词＋which可以代替where)
3、Why引导的定语从句，why做原因状语。
I know the reason why he came late. ( for＋which可以代替why)
The reason why / for which he was late was that he was ill.
四、关系代词的主谓一致
关系代词在从句中作主语，谓语动词的数与先行词保持一致。
The student who is good at English studies hard.
The students who are good at English study hard.
五、只能用that的情况小结：
1. 在there + be 的句型中，句子的主语是先行词，而且又是物。
There are two novels that I want to read. 我要读的有两本小说。
2. 当先行词为主句的表语
This is the book that was bought yesterday.这就是昨天买的书。
3. 以Here is (are)开头的句子时。
Here is a film that will move anyone. 这是一部将使任何人受感动的电影。
4. It is (high) time +定语从句中。
It is time that we should have a rest. 我们应该休息了。
5. 当先行词是way等词时，关系代词用that或者in which在定语从句中作方式状语时，在口语中，可省略。
This is the way that my father did this work.这就是我父亲做此工作的方式。
6. 在双重限定性定语从句中，如果一个从句用who或者which引导时，那么另一个从句用that引导。
He is the student that I have ever see who can jump highest. 他是我曾经看到过跳得最高的学生。
7. 当先行词被the last , the very 和the only修饰时。
This is the very pen that I am looking for. 这正是我找的钢笔。
8. 在强调句子中，并且以who ,which, what开头时。
Who was it that was lost 究竟是谁迷路了？
9. 当先行词被序数词、数词、形容词最高级修饰时。
You are the first person that I want to ask for.你是我要见的第一个人。
10. 当先行词被all, every, no , some, few , little, much, both等修饰时，
This is all that I want to say at the meeting.这就是我在会上要说的。
11. 当先行词既指人又指物时。
The professor and his achievement that I heard about are admired by them .
12. 当先行词为anything、everything、nothing时，关系代词用that,不用which；但用something时，用which或者that均可。
Everything we have seen in China is moving. 我们在中国看见的东西件件感人。
13. 当先行词是疑问代词who时。
Who that you have ever seen can beat him in chess 你曾见过谁能在棋艺上打败他？
六、定语从句分类
定语从句可分为两大类，即限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。?
① 限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉的话，主句的意思就不完整，意义就表述不明。这种句型一般定语从句紧接先行词（不用逗号隔开）如：
I was the only person in my office who was invited.??
② 非限制性定语从句。它与主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词起补充、说明的作用，也就是说即便去掉定语从句，句意也不受影响。主从句之间常用逗号分开，且非限制性定语从句不能用that来引导。
This was the American Civil War, which lasted 4 years before the North won in the end.
1．（2020·甘肃兰州·中考真题）I will never forget the young man ________ saved my mom in the fire.
A．when B．which C．where D．who
2．（2020·湖南湘潭·中考真题）We are supposed to care about the workers ________ keep our city clean.
A．which B．who C．whom
3．（2020·内蒙古·统考中考真题）The photo________ taken by my classmate last week is very nice.
A．which were B．that is C．that were D．which was
4．（2020·辽宁朝阳·统考中考真题）—What kind of movies do you prefer
—I prefer movies ________ me something to think about.
A．that gives B．which gives C．who give D．which give
5．（2020·四川巴中·统考中考真题）The shoes ________ I bought yesterday cost me ten dollars.
A．whose B．which C．whom D．who
6．（2020·西藏·统考中考真题）Dr Zhong Nanshan is a pioneer ________ has made a lot of contributions (贡献) in the field of medical science.
A．which B．who C．whose D．what
7．（2020·吉林长春·统考中考真题）Zhong Nanshan is a medical expert ____________ saves lives and is always honest.
A．which B．who C．what D．whose
8．（2020·内蒙古呼和浩特·统考中考真题）—The singer __________comes from USA is called Bob.
—I know. The most popular song __________was sung by him was on the CCTV show last night.
A．who; which B．who; that
C．that; which D．whom; that
9．（2020·湖北黄冈·统考中考真题）—Do you know the girl__ is giving the speech
—Of course. She is my best friend, Meimei.
A．which B．who C．whom D．what
10．（2020·福建·统考中考真题）Du Fu is a great Chinese poet ________ has become popular with many people around the world.
A．which B．whom C．who
11．（2021·四川甘孜·统考中考真题）—Do you know the girl ________ is standing over there
—Yes. She is my sister.
A．when B．where C．who D．which
12．（2021·西藏·统考中考真题）We’ll never forget the heroes ________ bring people hope in difficult times.
A．which B．whom C．whose D．who
13．（2021·江苏徐州·统考中考真题）Agatha Christie was a female writer ________ is considered the queen of crime novels.
A．what B．whose C．who D．which
14．（2021·青海西宁·统考中考真题）—I have read books ________ were written by Charles Dickens.
—So do I. David Copperfield is my favorite.
A．how B．who C．what D．that
15．（2021·湖南株洲·统考中考真题）The active ladies like music ________ they can dance to.
A．that B．where C．who
16．（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考中考真题）—I still remember all the stories ________ my grandma told me.
—The memories of our childhood are always hard to forget.
A．what B．who C．that
17．（2021·贵州毕节·统考中考真题）Great changes have taken place here. Everything ________ comes into my eyes is so new to me.
A．that B．which C．who D．whom
18．（2021·福建·统考中考真题）We all miss Wu Mengchao ________ saved thousands of lives in his medical work.
A．which B．what C．who
19．（2021·云南·统考中考真题）Yuan Longping is a great scientist ________ was honored as “The Father of Hybrid Rice”.
A．when B．who C．which D．whose
20．（2021·四川乐山·统考中考真题）— Do you like the weekly talk show, The Reader，on CCTV
—Sure. It' s a great TV programme__________brings the habit of reading back into the public
A．who B．that C．what
21．（2022·青海·统考中考真题）—Do you like the song Jian Hun on Douyin
—Yes, I like the songs ________ I can dance to.
A．that B．who C．what
22．（2022·四川成都·统考中考真题）Rome is an ancient city _______ is full of places of interest.
A．where B．which C．who
23．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考中考真题）—How exciting the speech is!
—Pretty good! This is the best speech ________ I’ve ever heard.
A．which B．that C．who
24．（2022·广西柳州·中考真题）Do you know the boy ________ is standing under the tree
A．who B．which C．where
25．（2022·湖南郴州·统考中考真题）—Do you know the woman ________ is giving a lesson in space now
—Of course. She is Wang Yaping.
A．which B．whom C．who
26．（2022·吉林·统考中考真题）Mrs. Wang is an English teacher ________ makes her classes lively and interesting.
A．which B．who C．what
27．（2022·湖北恩施·统考中考真题）China is the first nation ________ sent Chang’e Ⅳ to the far side of the moon.
A．which B．that C．who
28．（2022·贵州铜仁·统考中考真题）—Is the woman ______ walked past just now your teacher
—Yes, she teaches ______ English and we all love her very much.
A．which; our B．who; us C．which; us D．that; our
29．（2022·湖北十堰·统考中考真题）Students love the teachers ________ are outgoing and humorous.
A．who B．whom C．which D．whose
30．（2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题）—Mom is waiting. Can we set off now
—Just a minute. I can’t find the shoes ________ I bought last week.
A．that B．who C．what D．who
31．（2021·广西南宁·校考三模）The film My Sister ________ I saw yesterday is wonderful.
A．who B．what C．which D．where
32．（2021·广西桂林·统考一模）The man _________ gave us a talk on science yesterday is a famous scientist.
A．who B．whose C．which
33．（2021·福建福州·校考模拟预测）Yuan Longping ________ is known as “The Father of Hybrid Rice” is the pride of China.
A．whom B．that C．which
34．（2021·贵州六盘水·统考一模）We shouldn’t forget the people ________ gave us a hand when we were in trouble.
A．what B．whose C．who
35．（2021·辽宁丹东·校考二模）We’ll graduate but we’ll never forget the days ________ we spend in No. 13 School.
A．when B．that C．where D．what
36．（2021·福建福州·统考三模）— What’s new in the App Store
— Notability. It is a useful app ________ can help you add things like pictures, videos, and even audio recordings to your notes.
A．who B．which C．what
37．（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考三模）—What did she write in her composition
—She described the people and places ________ left her the sweetest memory.
A．which B．who C．that
38．（2021·四川乐山·统考二模）The man ________ is wearing sunglasses wants to know ________ Miss has arrived.
A．who; whether B．that; that C．whom; how
39．（2021·甘肃庆阳·统考二模）There are many works of art in the museum ________ we will visit tomorrow.
A．that B．who C．where D．what
40．（2021·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·统考一模）Kids, I hope you’ll remember the good old days ______ we spent together in junior high though it’s time to say goodbye.
A．who B．what C．which D．when
41．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨市第六十九中学校校考二模）—What kind of music do you often listen to after work
—Music ________.
A．can help me relax B．that can help me relax C．helps me relax
42．（2022·广西贵港·统考三模）—Bill, could you say something about the book
—Sure. It is one of the most interesting books ________ are sold in the bookshop.
A．what B．that C．who D．where
43．（2022·西藏·模拟预测）This is the skirt _______ I bought yesterday.
A．who B．whom C．where D．that
44．（2022·浙江温州·统考一模）—Susan still misses ________ in Wenzhou.
—I know. Local snacks are her favourite.
A．the friendly people who she met B．the days which she spent with us
C．the famous places that she visited D．the delicious food which she tried
45．（2022·吉林四平·统考一模）Zhong Nanshan is a medical expert ________ saves lives and is always honest.
A．which B．who C．whose
46．（2022·云南·统考模拟预测）A memorial meeting was held to honor the heroes ________ lost their lives during the outbreak of COVID-19.
A．who B．which C．what D．whose
47．（2022·浙江温州·统考二模）—Hey, Bob. What are you doing
—I’m writing a thank-note to ________.
A．the student who usually plays basketball with us
B．the neighbour who often makes noise in the midnight
C．the passenger who got on the wrong bus this morning
D．the worker who often picks up rubbish in the local park
48．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考三模）Harbin is a beautiful city ________ I’ve worked for more than thirty years.
A．that B．who C．in which
49．（2022·贵州安顺·统考一模）Do you still remember the place ______ we visited last month
A．where B．which C．what D．who
50．（2022·黑龙江·统考一模）—How sad it is to part with our classmates and teachers!
—Yes. I’ll remember the days ________ we spent together.
A．which B．what C．when
考点分析
知识梳理
三年中考真题
两年模拟演练
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