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Module 4 课时跟踪检测（二） Introduction & Reading —
Language Points
Ⅰ.根据提示写出单词的正确形式
1. The young dancers looked so beautiful in their new clothes that we took masses (大量) of pictures of them.
2. The Black Sea is a large inland (内陆的) sea.
3. During his election campaign (活动) he promised to increase the workers' income.
4. There was total agreement to start the peace process (过程；进程) as soon as possible.
5. The sign (迹象) of sandstorm can be predicted.
6. You are always full of energy (energetic). Can you tell me the secret
7. The frightened girl was frightened by the frightening dog. (frighten)
8. At present America is taking some measures to strengthen (strong) the economy.
9. Mary cycled along the dusty (dust) road.
10. A cyclist (cycle) is someone who rides a bicycle, or is riding a bicycle.
Ⅱ.选词填空
cut down，be caught in，masses of，one after another，as a result of，prevent ... from
1. The sky was full of masses of dark clouds.
2. May I suggest that you cut down the quantity of your order by half
3. The reason why he was late again this morning is that he was caught in the heavy rain.
4. The boy kept asking Mary questions one after another. In the end, her patience gave out.
5. Nothing would prevent him from speaking out against injustice.
6. Over the past decades, sea ice has been decreasing in the Arctic as a result of global warming.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1. 如果你接替他的工作，你一定会陷入两难之中。
If you take over his job, you are sure to be caught in the middle.
2. 那儿有很多人，以至于我没认出她来。
There were so many people there that I wasn't able to pick her out.
3. 表面上看起来，我们好像很勇敢，但是我们的内心里充满了疑惧和焦虑。
We may appear to be brave, but we are fearful and anxious inside.
4. 他恐吓他的邻居借钱给他。
He frightened his neighbor into lending him the money.
5. 我发现用英语与外国人交谈非常有趣。
I find it interesting to talk with foreigners in English.
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
A flock of hungry pigeons were flying across the sky in search of food. Having traveled a long distance, they felt tired and settled down on a tree. Just below the tree, they
saw grains strewn (撒满) all over the ground. The pigeons were happy to have found enough food to eat. All the pigeons came down from the tree and started eating the grains. As they were doing so, a huge net fell on them and trapped them all.
The pigeons were taken aback (大吃一惊). They noticed a hunter sitting at a distance from the tree, a bow and arrow in hand. The pigeons realized it was the hunter who had trapped them in the net. The hunter got up and began to move towards the pigeons.
The leader of the pigeons spoke, “Friends, we are in great trouble. The hunter will catch us if we do not act swiftly in a few seconds. There is only one option available at this moment. Let all of us use our force together and fly up along with the net. If all of us use our force and fly together, we can fly carrying the net along with us. Let us start now.”
All the pigeons agreed with him and flew high carrying the net along with them. After traveling enough distance away from the hunter, the pigeons settled on a tree and carefully came out of the net one by one and thus escaped the evil design of the hunter.
语篇解读：本文讲了一群鸽子齐心协力逃离猎人撒下的网的故事。
1. Who strewed the grains over the ground
A. A villager. B. The hunter.
C. The pigeon owner. D. The writer.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据文章第二段的“The pigeons realized it was the hunter who had trapped them in the net”可知是猎人将鸽子困在网中，从而不难推断出是猎人撒的谷物。
2. What does the underlined word “option” mean
A. Reason. B. Choice.
C. Action. D. Opinion.
解析：选B 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“Let all of us use our force together and fly up along with the net.”可知领头的鸽子在给剩下的鸽子出主意。所以推知他前面那句话的内容是：现在我们只剩下一种选择了。option意为“选项，选择”。所以选B。
3. How did the pigeons react when they got trapped
A. They didn't know what to do.
B. They tried to fly in all directions.
C. They remained calm.
D. They decided to fight against the hunter.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容“All the pigeons agreed with him and flew high carrying the net along with them.”以及第三段鸽子领袖的讲话内容可知，鸽子们并没有慌乱，而是在鸽子领袖的号召下，齐心协力摆脱了猎人的网。A、B、D三项均与文章不符。
4. This story wants to tell us that .
A. two heads are better than one
B. confidence will save everyone
C. teamwork can work wonders
D. actions speak louder than words
解析：选C 推理判断题。通读全文可知，这则小故事讲的是一群鸽子共同协作，劲往一处使，最终逃离了猎人的魔爪。所以这篇文章想告诉我们团队合作可以创造奇迹。
B
Half of the world's population is affected by Asian monsoons (季风)，but monsoons are difficult to predict. American researchers have put together a 700 year record of the rainy seasons, which is expected to provide guidance for experts making weather predictions.
Every year, moist (潮湿的) air masses, known as monsoons, produce large amounts of rainfall in India, East Asia, Northern Australia and East Africa. All this wet air is pulled in by a high pressure area over the Indian Ocean and a low pressure area to the south.
According to Edward Cook, a weather expert at Columbia University in New York, the complex nature of the climate systems across Asia makes monsoons hard to predict. In addition, climate records for the area are too recent and not detailed enough to be of much use. Therefore, he and a team of researchers spent more than fifteen years traveling across Asia, looking for trees old enough to provide long term records. They measured the rings, or circles, inside thousands of ancient trees in more than 300 places.
Rainfall has a direct link to the growth and width of rings on some kinds of trees. The researchers developed a document they are calling a Monsoon Asia Drought Atlas. It shows the effect of monsoons over seven centuries, beginning in the 1300s.
Professor Cook says the tree ring records show periods of wet and dry weather. “If the monsoon basically fails or is a very weak one, the trees affected by monsoons at that location might put on a very narrow ring. But if the monsoon is very strong, the trees affected by that monsoon might put on a wide ring for that year. So, the wide and narrow ring widths of the chronology that we developed in Asia provide us with a measure of monsoon variability.” With all this information, researchers say they can begin to improve computer climate models for predicting the behavior of monsoons.
“There has been widespread famine and starvation and human dying in the past in large droughts. And on the other hand, if the monsoon is particularly heavy, it can cause extensive flooding，” said Eugene Wahl, a scientist with America's National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. “So, to get a sense of what the regional moisture patterns have been, dryness and wetness over such a long period of time in great detail, I would call it a kind of victory for climate science.”
语篇解读：季风难以预测，研究者们做的最新的科学调查将为季风的预测提供指导。
5. What's the passage mainly about
A. The effects of Asian monsoons.
B. The necessity of weather forecast.
C. The achievements of Edward Cook.
D. A breakthrough in monsoon prediction.
解析：选D 主旨大意题。文章第一段提到本文的主旨：美国的研究者们做的最新的科学调查将为季风的预测提供指导。D项符合。
6. It is difficult for experts to predict Asian monsoons because .
A. it is hard to keep long term climate records
B. they are formed under complex climate systems
C. they influence many nations
D. there is heavy rainfall in Asia
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“...the complex nature of the climate systems across Asia makes monsoons hard to predict.”可知B项正确。
7. What can be inferred from the passage
A. Long and detailed climate records can offer useful information for monsoon research.
B. The Monsoon Asia Drought Atlas has a monsoon record for about 1,300 years.
C. The trees affected by monsoon grow fast if the monsoon is weak.
D. The rainfall might be low although the monsoon is strong in monsoon affected areas.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第三段的“In addition, climate records for the area are too recent and not detailed enough to be of much use.”可推知。
8. Which of the following best describes the tone of this passage
A. Matter of fact. B. Pessimistic.
C. Humorous. D. Friendly.
解析：选A 作者态度题。这是一篇科学调查报告，它实事求是地讲述了调查的内容和结果。
Ⅴ.阅读七选五
Do You Have the Time In English, this question has two different meanings. The first one is “Do you know what time it is？” While commonly, this is less frequently used than the simpler question with the same meaning “What time is it？” The other is “Do you have the time (e.g. to do this or that)？” This is a very commonly asked question, whether in American, British, or Australian English. I think the response “I don't have the time” is most commonly used year after year. 1
Think about how often you (and I) have used this as an explanation of why we couldn't do something, take on a new task, help someone, visit someone, etc. Sometimes it's a statement of fact, and sometimes it's just an excuse. 2 However, deep down we each have a pretty clear idea of the difference. In practical terms, the lack of available time seems to be and often is a true reason for why we cannot take something on. 3 “I just don't have the time” is too often an escape. Once we get to a certain age, when we are generally considered to be grown ups, we are expected to have developed time management skills. In many instances, “I don't have the time” has the same meaning as “I am not willing to make the time”. Sure, we're all busy, but in the end, it's a matter of which is more important.
4 It doesn't grow on trees or fall from the sky like raindrops. You make the time as well as most of the related decisions about what is important. 5 If you don't decide on the use of your time, the decision will be taken away from you. It's really up to us to decide on how to balance and manage time, and that's a challenge.
A. No one gives you the time.
B. After all, it's so convenient as an excuse.
C. The key is what criteria you rely on to make decisions.
D. The distinction here between them is blurry (模糊不清的) and subjective.
E. Be aware it's the world's most common excuse, whether you speak it out or not.
F. But it does mean we need to develop a clear approach to time management.
G. Actually if we try to rearrange our time, or make a sacrifice, we can make it.
语篇解读：本文讲述了要学会合理的安排自己的时间，去完成自己的目标。
1. 选B 根据空格前文“I think the response ‘I don't have the time’ is most commonly used year after year”可知这个回答每年都用的最广泛了，而B项“After all, it's so convenient as an excuse”表示“毕竟，这个是最方便的借口”，是对这句话的解释，故选B。
2. 选D 根据空格后文“However, deep down we each have a pretty clear idea of the difference.”可知空格内所表达的内容与之相反，而D项“The distinction here between them is blurry (模糊不清的) and subjective”表示“它们之间的区别是模糊不清的和具有主观性的”，与However后面的意思相反，故选D。
3. 选G 根据这段话的首句“Think about how often you (and I) have used this as an explanation of why we couldn't do something”可知我们总是会在没有完成某事情时因为以没有时间为借口，而G项“Actually if we try to rearrange our time, or make a sacrifice, we can make it”表示“事实上，如果我们尝试着重新安排我们的时间，或者做出牺牲我们是可以完成事情的”，是对这段话的一个总结，故选G。
4. 选A 根据后文“If you don't decide on the use of your time, the decision will be taken away from you”可知，这段话讲的是要自己去把握时间，而A项“No one gives you the time”表示“没有人能给你时间”，是对此的总结，故选A。
5. 选C 根据空格前文“You make the time as well as most of the related decisions about what is important”这里在讲述如何有效的做决定，而C项“The key is what criteria you rely on to make decisions”表示“关键是你以什么标准来做决定”，是对此的解释，故选C。
Ⅵ.课时微写作(请根据提示把语段补充完整)
People in this area used to 1.cut down (砍倒) trees and 2.dig up (挖出) grass, so the deserts were created. 3.Because of (由于) this, sandstorms happened 4.one after another (一个接一个). People 5.were often caught in (经常遇上) sandstorms, which 6.made it difficult (使……困难) for the inhabitants to live happily. Gradually, people began to 7.wake up to (意识到) the severe situation. As a result, they began to plant trees. The local government took tough measures to 8.prevent people from (阻止人们做) destroying environment.PAGE
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Module 4 课时跟踪检测（三） Other Parts of the Module
Ⅰ.根据提示写出单词的正确形式
1. The earth's atmosphere (大气) is densest at sea level.
2. People in Germany put their garbage into different bags and then recycle (重新利用) it.
3. Many people are concerned about the pollution of environment (环境).
4. The children can't reach those chemicals (化学药品).
5. I don't like horror films, they are too scary (吓人的).
6. Dalian is a beautiful coastal (coast) city and I like it very much.
7. Bring the children out and I'll have an urgent (urge) report to write.
8. He won the seat by/with a majority (major) of 71 votes.
9. The book is primarily concerned (concern) with Soviet American relations during the Cold War.
10. A scientist must produce evidence (evident) in support of a theory.
Ⅱ.选词填空
take in， come into effect， give out， look through， care about， be concerned about， if necessary
1. He has refused to give out any further information on the matter.
2. It took me a long time to take in what you were saying.
3. The Drink Driving Law came into effect from May 1, 2011.
4. What the public is concerned about is whether scientists will be able to find a cure for this new disease in a short time.
5. If necessary, I'll start at once.
6. Peter started to look through the mail as soon as he sat down.
7. She didn't care about anything that people might say.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1. 我们再也找不到比这儿更适合野餐的地方了。
We couldn't find a better place for picnic.
2. 这个年轻人难得去看望一下他父母，即使有过，也是极少的。
The young man seldom, if ever, goes to visit his parents.
3. 政府紧急督促要尽一切努力降低房价。
The government urged that every effort (should) be made to bring down house prices.
4. 不要被承诺迅速减肥的广告产品所欺骗。
Don't be taken in by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.
5. 在我看来，整个城市都疯狂了。
As far as I'm concerned, the whole city is crazy.
Ⅳ.完形填空
My father brought home a sailboat when I was ten, and almost each Sunday in summers we would go sailing. Dad was quite skilled in sailing, but not good at 1 . As for me, I 2 both well before twelve because of living close to Lake Ontario.
The last time Dad and I set sail together is really 3 . It was a perfect weekend after I graduated from university. I came home and 4 Dad to go sailing. Out we set soon on the 5 lake. Dad hadn't sailed for years, but everything 6 well with the tiller (舵柄) in his hands.
When we were in the middle of the lake, a 7 wind came all of a sudden. The boat was 8 violently. Dad was always at his best in any 9 ， but at this moment he 10 .
“John! 11 ！” he shouted in a trembling (颤抖的) voice, with the tiller still in his hands.
In my memory he could fix any 12 . He was the one I always 13 for strength and security. Before I could respond, a 14 of water turned got into the boat. I rushed to the tiller 15 it was too late. Another huge wall of water turned 16 the boat in a minute. We were thrown into the water, and Dad was struggling aimlessly. At that moment, I felt fiercely 17 of him.
I swam to Dad 18 and assisted him in climbing onto the hull (船壳) of the boat. Upon sitting on the hull, Dad was still a little frightened. “It's all right, Dad. We are 19 now.” I comforted him.
That was the first time Dad had counted on me in a moment of emergency (紧急情况). More importantly, I found it was my turn to start 20 of my father.
语篇解读：本文讲述了作者因为第一次因自己会游泳而救了自己的父亲，从而强化了自己身上的责任感的故事。曾经无所不能的爸爸也有万分无助的时候，这时候他需要孩子的帮助。小时候父亲是儿子的靠山，长大了儿子就变成了父亲的靠山。
1. A. boating B. running
C. swimming D. teaching
解析：选C boat“划船”；run“跑步”；swim“游泳”；teach“教学”。根据下文和空前的but判断。故选C。
2. A. enjoyed B. desired
C. hated D. learned
解析：选D enjoy“享受，喜欢”；desire“渴望”；hate“厌恶”；learn“学会”。句意：至于我，我因为住在Ontario湖附近，12岁前两项都学会了。故选D。
3. A. unforgivable B. unforgettable
C. cheerful D. regretful
解析：选B unforgivable“不可饶恕的”；unforgettable“难忘的”；cheerful“欢呼的”；regretful“遗憾的”。根据下文的叙述应该是“难以忘记的”。故选B。
4. A. sent B. ordered
C. invited D. allowed
解析：选C send“寄送”；order“命令”；invite“邀请”；allow“允许”。根据上下文应该是邀请爸爸一起去驾帆船运动。故选C。
5. A. calm B. icy
C. stormy D. thundery
解析：选A calm“平静的”；icy“冰的”；stormy“暴风雨的”；thundery“打雷的”。根据下文判断应该是湖水在一开始是非常平静的。故选A。
6. A. finished B. went
C. seemed D. sounded
解析：选B finish“完成”；go“去”；seem“好像”；sound“听起来”。go well“进展顺利”，根据前文的calm判断。故答案选B。
7. A. strong B. gentle
C. cold D. hot
解析：选A strong“强壮的”；gentle“温柔的”；cold“冷的”；hot“热的”。句意：我们在湖中间时突然来了“一阵强风”。a strong wind“一阵强风”。故选A。
8. A. pulled B. broken
C. sailed D. hit
解析：选D pull“拉”；break“打坏”；sail“航海”；hit“击中”。句意：小船被(大浪)击中而剧烈晃动。根据空后的violently判断。故选D。
9. A. danger B. place
C. sport D. job
解析：选A danger“危险”；place“地方”；sport“运动”；job“工作”。在任何危险的时候“in any danger”，父亲总是会竭尽全力。故选A。
10. A. suffered B. fell
C. froze D. forgot
解析：选C suffer“遭受”；fall“落下”；freeze“结冰，呆住”；forget“忘记”。根据“he shouted in a trembling voice”可知父亲是害怕了，手也不听使唤了，颤抖的声音在那向作者求救，在此时此刻，作者的爸爸“惊呆了”，不知如何是好。此处的freeze表示“惊呆、吓呆”。故选C。
11. A. Look B. Help
C. Run D. Jump
解析：选B look“看”；help“帮助”；run“跑”jump“跳”。根据“he shouted in a trembling voice”可知父亲是害怕了，在大声呼救。故选B。
12. A. problem B. relationship
C. machine D. boat
解析：选A problem“问题”；relationship“关系”；machine“机器”；boat“小船”。在作者的记忆中，爸爸可以解决任何问题。fix表示“解决(问题)”。故选A。
13. A. turned to B. lived with
C. argued with D. objected to
解析：选A turn to“转向，求助于”；live with“和……生活在一起”；argue with“和某人争吵”；object to“反对”。因为作者相信爸爸能够解决任何问题，所以总是向他寻求力量和庇护。故选A。
14. A. well B. stream
C. shower D. wave
解析：选D 考查名词。well“井”；stream“溪流”；shower“阵雨”；wave“波浪”。作者还没有来得及回答，一个水浪就打到了小船上。故选D。
15. A. before B. or
C. after D. but
解析：选D before“在……之前”；or“或者”；after“在……之后”；but“但是”。根据下文的“We were thrown into the water”可知作者尽管冲向船柄，但是已经太晚了。故选D。
16. A. on B. into
C. over D. up
解析：选C turn on“打开”；turn into“转变成”；turn over“翻过去”；turn up“出现”。下一句提到的是作者和爸爸都被抛进水里，由此可知巨大的水墙“打翻”了小船。故选C。
17. A. sorry B. protective
C. tired D. afraid
解析：选B sorry“遗憾的”；protective“可保护的”；tired“感到疲劳的”；afraid“害怕的”。根据上一句提到的作者爸爸在水中漫无目的地挣扎，下文讲到作者如何帮助父亲摆脱险境，由此可知作者在那一刻强烈地感觉到要“保护”他。故选B。
18. A. hopelessly B. quickly
C. slowly D. helplessly
解析：选B hopelessly“无希望地”；quickly“快速地”；slowly“缓慢地”；helplessly“无助地”。句意：我快速地游到爸爸身边，帮他爬上船壳。故答案选B。
19. A. painful B. dangerous
C. safe D. tired
解析：选C painful“疼痛的”；dangerous“危险的”；safe“安全的”；tired“疲劳的”。根据第四段提到的作者爸爸用颤抖的声音向作者求助，由此可知此时他还很“恐惧”。此处是作者在安慰父亲，我们现在“安全”了。故选C。
20. A. catching sight B. getting fond
C. getting tired D. taking care
解析：选D catch sight of“突然看见”；get fond of“逐渐喜欢”；get tired of“变得疲劳”；take care of“照顾”。句意：更重要的是轮到我照顾父亲了。故选D。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
Japanese students work very hard but many are unhappy. They feel heavy pressures from their parents to do well in school. Most students are always being told by their parents to study harder so that they can have a wonderful life. Though this may be good ideas for those very bright students, it can have very bad results for many students who are not quick enough at learning.
Unfortunately, a number of students killed themselves. Others are after comfort in using drugs. Some do bad things with trouble makers and turn to crime. Many of them have tried very hard at school but have failed in the exams and have disappointed their parents. Such students feel that they are less important and leave school before they have finished their study.
It is surprising that though most Japanese parents are worried about their children, they do not help them in any way. Many parents feel that they are not able to help their children and that it is the teachers' work to help their children. To make matters worse, a lot of parents send their children to special schools called juku cram schools. These schools are open during the evening and on weekends, and their only purpose is to prepare students to pass exams. They do not try to educate students in any real sense of the real world. It thus comes as a shock to realize that almost three quarters of the junior or high school population attend these cram schools.
Ordinary Japanese schools usually have rules about everything from the students' hair to their clothes and things in their school bag. Child psychologists now think that such strict rules often lead to a feeling of being unsafe and being unable to fit into society. They regard the rules as being harmful to the development of each student. They believe that no sense of moral values is developed and that students are given neither guidance nor training in becoming good citizens.
语篇解读：这篇文章主要介绍了日本学生面临的一些严重的心理问题。
1. A lot of Japanese students are unhappy at school because .
A. they work very hard
B. they find they can't do well at school
C. they feel unimportant
D. they are under too much pressure
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第一段“They feel heavy pressures from their parents to do well in school. Most students are always being told by their parents to study harder ...”可知日本的孩子们面临着来自父母的很大的压力。父母们总是告诉孩子要努力学习以后才会有好生活。所以日本孩子在学校过得不开心的原因是他们面临巨大的压力。
2. Because of their failure at school, some students take drugs to .
A. kill themselves
B. seek comfort
C. disappoint their parents
D. make trouble
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段“Others are after comfort in using drugs.”其他人在嗑药中寻求安慰。故选B。
3. In juku cram schools students .
A. are taken good care of by the teachers
B. feel no pressure
C. are trained to pass exams
D. can learn a lot of useful things
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第三段的“These schools are open during the evening and on weekends, and their only purpose is to prepare students to pass exams”可知这种学校唯一的目的就是让孩子们通过考试。理所当然地，在这种学校中学生被训练来通过考试。
4. In ordinary Japanese schools, .
A. there are strict rules
B. students feel safe
C. students can do anything
D. learning is not important
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句话“Ordinary Japanese schools usually have rules about everything from the students' hair to their clothes and things in their school bag.”可知普通的日本学校通常对学生的各个方面都有严格的规定。
B
It's come to this: Climate conscious policymakers are beginning to consider the possibility of playing God with the weather in the hope of slowing global warming.
For years it was considered completely stupid in official Washington to discuss geoengineering: changing the climate by reflecting sunlight back into the sky, sucking carbon dioxide from the air — or a number of other surprising plans. But in the past year the thought won in part by the recent collapse of climate legislation as well as by growing interest among private entrepreneurs and foreign officials.
House Science and Technology Committee Chairman Bart Gordon (DTenn.), whose group will jointly release a report on climate engineering with the British House of Commons this month, said the subject is “just now starting to get some attention” even though people recognise the danger in trying to change a complex weather system.
“The more you know about it, the more you're concerned about it if we can ever carry it out，” Gordon said in an interview. “However, there may be a point where we're up against the tipping point, and the consequences of climate change are even worse.”
Over the next few months, whispering about changing the weather will evolve into written recommendations. Several key groups — including the Government Accountability Office — will issue their thoughts on how best to start a modest federal research program on geoengineering.
“We're getting a sense that agencies are interested in this topic and would be open, on a certain level, to letting this program go forward，” said Jane Long, who co chairs the National Commission on Energy Policy's task force.
语篇解读：全球变暖已经引起了人们的广泛关注。一群科学家正在实施“岩土工程”，即利用反射太阳光的办法来改变全球的气候。
5. Why does America want to carry out geoengineering
A. Because they want to get more energy from the sun.
B. Because they want to slow global warming.
C. Because they want to have a building project.
D. Because they want to get something useful from the air.
解析：选B 细节理解题。从第一段“in the hope of slowing global warming”我们知道，他们实施“岩土工程”的目的是想减缓全球变暖。
6. Geoengineering was thought possible last year as a result of .
A. much discussion among the scientists
B. financial help from the government
C. failures of many laws about climates and people's attitude to the plan
D. many other countries' success in this area
解析：选C 细节理解题。从第二段最后一句“But in the past year the thought won in part by the recent collapse of climate legislation as well as by growing interest among private entrepreneurs and foreign officials.”我们知道，这项过去被认为是愚蠢的计划现在之所以获得部分胜利，是因为许多气候立法失败，以及一些私人企业和外国官员对这个工程的兴趣增加。
7. What's the scientists' concern about geoengineering
A. This could make the climate even worse.
B. They know little about geoengineering.
C. They are short of experienced engineers.
D. Conditions do not allow them to do so.
解析：选A 细节理解题。从第四段最后一句“‘However, there may be a point where we're up against the tipping point, and the consequences of climate change are even worse.’”我们知道，科学家也面临着这样的一个问题：气候可能会变得更加糟糕。
8. The purpose of the writer in writing the passage is to tell us .
A. many things impossible in the past are made possible today
B. changing the climate is a difficult thing to do
C. reflecting the sunlight is a good idea to change the climate
D. a project called “geoengineering”
解析：选D 写作意图题。作者写本文的目的是想让我们知道科学家在考虑实施的“岩土工程”。PAGE
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Module 4 课时跟踪检测（一） Introduction & Reading
— Pre-reading
阅读理解
A
In the early morning on February 28，a sandstorm with strong winds caused a train to derail in China's far west. The accident killed four people and injured about 30.
The 11 car train had just left a station in Turpan in Xinjiang when it was hit.
“A strong sandstorm broke the window soon after the train left Turpan. Then it blew some of the cars off the rail，” a passenger said.
The train had been running between the capital city of Urumqi and Aksu, in the west. Sandstorms happen a lot in that area. They are fed by the deserts of Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia. Powerful winds blow the sands toward Beijing and the eastern cities each spring.
A sandstorm is a common natural disaster. It usually happens in deserts. Strong winds blow a huge amount of sand into the air. Sandstorms are so strong that they can blow you 1 to 1.5 meters away from where you were standing. Unlike some other disasters, sandstorms come with a warning. If you see the clouds with a dark brown color，that means there may be a sandstorm.
Xinjiang is one of the areas where sandstorms happen most often, which results from a dry climate, vast desert and a strong wind. It is in northwestern China. Xinjiang has mountains on four sides. The Tianshan Mountains，which are in the middle, divide the land into two large basins (盆地). Both basins have deserts in their centers. They are the source of sandstorms. The passes and valleys (山谷) between the mountains are the places where strong winds are likely to form.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了发生在新疆的一场沙尘暴。
1. The underlined word “derail” most probably means “ ”.
A. come to an end B. crash into another train
C. come off the track D. catch fire
解析：选C 词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句“Then it blew some of the cars off the rail ...”可知，derail的意思是“脱轨”，故选C项。
2. By saying the underlined sentence, the author may want to .
A. warn us not to walk in sandstorms
B. give us an example of a sandstorm
C. advise us to think of ways to reduce sandstorms
D. tell us about the damage of sandstorms
解析：选A 句意理解题。本句句意：沙尘暴如此猛烈以至于它们可以把你吹离你原来所站的地方1～1.5米远。由此可见，沙尘暴的威力很大，在沙尘天气里最好不要出去。
3. What is the main idea of the last but one paragraph
A. How a sandstorm happens.
B. What a sandstorm is.
C. Where a sandstorm happens.
D. What causes a sandstorm.
解析：选B 段落大意题。通读倒数第二段可知，本段主要向我们介绍了沙尘暴通常在什么地方发生、它的风力和前兆，这些都是沙尘暴的基本特征，故选B项。
4. According to the last paragraph, the following factors contribute to a sandstorm EXCEPT the .
A. dry climate B. strong wind
C. sand source D. black cloud
解析：选D 推理判断题。最后一段讲述了新疆是最易发生沙尘暴的地区，主要因为气候干燥、有沙源、风力大，故A、B、C三项是引起沙尘暴的因素。
B
I really love my job because I enjoy working with small children and like the challenges and awards from the job. I also think my work is important. There was a time when I thought I would never have that sort of career (职业).
I wasn't an excellent student because I didn't do much schoolwork. In my final term I started thinking what I might do and found I didn't have much to offer. I just accepted that I wasn't the type to have a career.
I then found myself a job, looking after two little girls. It wasn't too bad at first. But the problems began when I agreed to live in, so that I would be there if my boss had to go out for business in the evening. We agreed that if I had to work extra hours one week, she'd give me time off the next. But unfortunately, it didn't often work out. I was getting extremely tired and fed up, because I had too many late nights and early mornings with the children.
One Sunday, I was in the park with the children, and met Megan who used to go to school with me. I told her about my situation. She suggested that I should do a course and get a qualification (资格证书) if I wanted to work with children. I didn't think I would be accepted because I didn't take many exams in school. She persuaded me to phone the local college and they were really helpful. My experience counted for a lot and I got on a part-time course. I had to leave my job with the family, and got work helping out at a kindergarten.
Now I've got a full time job there. I shall always be thankful to Megan. I wish I had known earlier that you could have a career, even if you aren't top of the class at school.
语篇解读：我不是学校里的好学生，但我也能找到自己的工作，有自己的职业生涯，我的工作就是照看孩子。
5. What is the author's present job
A. Working part-time in a college.
B. Taking care of children for a family.
C. Helping children with their schoolwork.
D. Looking after children at a kindergarten.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段“I really love my job because I enjoy working with small children and like the challenges and awards from the job.”可判断出作者目前的工作是照看孩子，故选D。
6. When staying with the two girl's family, the author .
A. was paid for extra work
B. often worked long hours
C. got much help from her boss
D. took a day off every other week
解析：选B 细节理解题。从第三段“But the problems began when I agreed to live in, so that I would be there if my boss had to go out for business in the evening. We agreed that if I had to work extra hours one week, she'd give me time off the next.”可以看出作者在两个女孩家里时，常常工作很长时间，故选B。
7. Why did the author leave her first job
A. She found a full time job.
B. She was fed up with children.
C. She decided to attend a part-time course.
D. She needed a rest after working extra hours.
解析：选C 细节理解题。第四段“My experience counted for a lot and I got on a part-time course. I had to leave my job with the family, and got work helping out at a kindergarten.”说明作者离开这两个小女孩家的原因是她参加了业余学习班，故选C。
8. What has the author learned from her own experiences
A. Less successful students can still have a career.
B. Qualifications are necessary for a career.
C. Hard work makes an excellent student.
D. One must choose the job she likes.
解析：选A 细节理解题。最后一句话“I wish I had known earlier that you could have a career, even if you aren't top of the class at school.”说明即使学习差的学生也可以有自己的事业，故选A。
C
Do you want to see the effects of global warming？Then head north. Will Steger is going to take all of us there.
Steger, 64，the first person to make a dogsled trip to the North Pole，is a very famous and admired polar explorer. He's at home in frozen parts of the world where few humans ever step on. Steger is also a devoted environmentalist who was early to ring the alarm bell on global warming. He saw its effects first hand in frequent polar expeditions to the Arctic and Antarctica.
Now Steger is about to lead a team of six young adventurers on a 1,400 mile,60 day long dogsled trip across Ellesmere Island, in the Canadian Arctic. The sea ice in that region should still be frozen. “We want to take our audience to the front lines of global warming，” says Steger. The team will be uploading videos, stories and photos to the website global warming 101.com as they march along, allowing armchair adventurers and kids in classrooms to follow their progress day to day. “We can actually bring the audience up there，” Steger says.
Steger's team will include some already-famous young explorers. Sam Branson, the 22 year old son of British airline tycoon (大亨) Richard Branson, is an experienced Arctic traveler. Also on the journey will be 27 year old Norwegian Sigarid Ekran. Last year, Ekran became only the second woman in history to win Rookie (新秀) of the Year for the Iditarod Sled Dog Race.
What they will see may be very surprising. Even Steger doesn't know exactly what to expect. Climate change has already reshaped the geography of the Arctic. “Within a decade or less, it's going to be impossible to reach the North Pole by dog team without flotation (漂浮)，” says Steger.
“Climate change is happening, but people can change too. Their willingness to change will determine the shape of the Earth's future.”
语篇解读：Steger要带六名年轻的探险家利用狗拉的雪橇到北极探险以了解全球变暖带来的影响。
9. Why is Steger about to organize the adventure to the Arctic
A. To collect evidence for his scientific research.
B. To develop the young people's adventurous spirit.
C. To let more people enjoy its natural beauty.
D. To let people realize the bad effects of global warming.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第一段的第一句以及第三段的“We want to take our audience to the front lines of global warming”可以判断Steger是想通过到北极探险，让人们了解全球变暖对北极以及对地球的影响。
10. Global warming will lead to many unexpected events EXCEPT that .
A. the North Pole adventure team led by Steger are not sure about what they are going to see
B. it will be impossible to reach the North Pole just by dogsled since the sea ice around the North Pole will be melted
C. the animals living in the Arctic are going to face great dangers because their living environment changes
D. more audience will be taken to the front lines of global warming and reflect on their behaviors and way of life
解析：选D 细节理解题。从第五段可以直接得出A、B两项是正确的；C项也可以从第五段第三句推断出来：极地地理环境将改变，这同时也是极地生物的生存环境，它们的生活必将面临危险。而D项则是极地探险活动希望达成的目的，即引起人类对此问题的关注和对自身行为的反思。
11. According to Steger, people can save the earth by .
A. changing their harmful way of life
B. learning more about the environment
C. willingly giving up their comfortable life
D. getting used to the present changes of the earth
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的信息可知Steger认为如果人们愿意改变现在的生活方式，就可以重塑地球的未来。
12. What would be the best title for the passage
A. The Arctic is in danger
B. Sledding through the Arctic
C. Discoveries of the Arctic
D. Consequences of global warming
解析：选B 标题归纳题。根据文章内容可知Steger要带六名年轻的探险家利用狗拉的雪橇到北极探险，因此选B项。
