【中考夺分天天练（译林·全国）】2014素材化中考英语总复习课件（含13年试题）：专题 8　动词分类及动词短语

课件47张PPT。专题 8　动词分类及动词短语 专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语┃考点直击┃
1　助动词
　 协助主要动词构成谓语动词的词叫助动词。助动词是语法功能词，自身没有词义，不可单独使用。
1．帮助构成疑问句或否定句句式的助动词有do, does, did 及
其否定形式。如：
Did you go home last week? 上周你回家了吗？
2．帮助构成时态的助动词有be, have, shall, will等。如：
We are playing an interesting game.
我们正在玩一个有趣的游戏。专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语2　系动词
系动词亦称连系动词。系动词本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语，构成系表结构。具体分类及用法如下：
1．状态系动词： 只有be动词。如：
They are always very happy. 他们总是很高兴。
2．持续系动词： 表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主
要有keep, remain, stay, rest, lie, stand。如：
I hope you'll keep fit.
我希望你会一直保持健康。专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语3．表象系动词： 表示“看起来好像”，主要有seem, appear,
look等。如：
My mother seems very satisfied with my progress.
妈妈对我的进步似乎很满意。
4．感官系动词： 表示“……起来”，主要有feel(摸起来，感觉),
smell(闻起来), sound(听起来), taste(尝起来，吃起来)等。
如：
The dish smells delicious.
菜闻起来很香。专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语5．变化系动词： 表示主语变成什么样，主要有become,
grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run等。如：
The small town is becoming busier and busier.
小镇变得越来越忙碌。
6．终止系动词： 主要有prove, turn out(结果是，证明是)等。
如：
My plan turned out a success.
我的计划成功了。
[提醒]有些系动词也是实义动词，可单独作谓语。如：
He fell ill yesterday. 他昨天病了。 专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语3　情态动词
情态动词表示说话人的语气、情态，无人称和数的变化。情态动词有自己的词汇意思，但不能独立作谓语，其后须跟动词原形。使用频率较高的情态动词有can(could), may(might), must, need, shall(should), will(would)及半情态动词have to, had better。专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语1．can和could
(1)can(could)表示说话人能、可以、同意、准许，以及客
观条件允许做某事。could为can的过去式。表示请求
时，could比can更委婉。如：
Could I borrow your pen? 我可以借你的钢笔吗？
(2)can 意为“能、会”时，相当于be able to (适用于各种时
态)，can只有现在时和过去时两种时态变化。如：
A few months later, I'll be able to swim alone.
几个月后，我将能单独游泳。
(3)can't表示否定推测。如：
That can't be Mr Wang. He has gone to Beijing.
那肯定不是王老师。他已经去北京了。专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语2．may和might
may和might意为“可以”，表示说话人同意、许可或请
求对方许可。 may也可表示祝愿。might 是may 的过
去式，表示可能性更小、语气更加委婉。如：
May I take some photos here?
我可以在这儿拍照吗？
May you be happy.祝你开心。专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语3．must和have to
(1)must 意为“必须，应该，一定，准是”，表示说话人认为
有必要做某事，或命令、要求别人做某事以及对事物的肯
定推测。如：
He must be working in his office. 他一定在办公室工作。
(2)must 和 have to 的区别： must 表示说话人的主观意
愿；have to 表示客观需要。如：
I must do my homework first. 我必须首先做家庭作业。
It is raining hard outside. I have to stay at home.
外面雨下得很大。我不得不待在家里。专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语4．need的用法
need 表示“需要，必须”。它主要用于否定句和疑问句中，
否定形式为needn‘t，表示“没有必要，不必”；回答need引
导的问句时，肯定回答用“must”，否定回答用 “needn‘t”。
此外need还可以作实义动词使用。如：
—Need we do some cleaning now?
—No, you needn't.
“我们必须现在大扫除吗？”“不，你们不必。”
I need to see the doctor now.
我现在需要看医生。专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语5．shall 和will
shall用于第一人称的句子表示提建议或请求；will用于第二
人称疑问句表示征求意见或提建议。如：
Shall we go out for a walk? 我们出去散步好吗？
Will you go shopping with us?
你会和我们一起去购物吗？ 专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语6．should和would
should用于各种人称的句子中，强调义务或责任；would是
will的过去式，其后跟动词原形构成过去将来时，可用于多
种人称，表示意愿。如：
You should study harder. 你应该更加努力学习。
He said he would visit the Great Wall the next year.　
他说他第三年将游览长城。
7．had better
had better意为“最好”，没有人称的变化，后接不带to的不
定式。如：
You had better exercise more. 你最好多锻炼。专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语4　动词短语
动词与介词、副词等构成的固定短语叫动词短语。动词短语主要有四类：
1．动词＋副词： 常见的有give up, think over, take off, write
down, put off等。这些词组的宾语是名词时，既可放在副
词前边，又可放在副词后边；宾语是人称代词或反身代词
时，则要放在动词和副词中间。如：
They have decided to put off the meeting.
＝They have decided to put the meeting off.
他们已经决定推迟会议了。
Smoking is bad for your health. You must give it up.
吸烟对你的健康有害。你必须戒掉它。专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语2．动词＋介词： 常见的有ask for, care about, look for, look
after, send for, laugh at, hear of (from)等。如：
We shouldn't laugh at others. 我们不应该嘲笑别人。
3．动词＋副词＋介词： 常见的有look down upon, get on
with, catch up with等。如：
If you study hard, you'll catch up with your classmates.
如果你努力学习， 你将能赶上你的同班同学。
4．动词＋名词＋介词： 常见的有take care of, make use of,
pay attention to, make fun of 等。如：
Please pay more attention to details. 请多注意细节。专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语┃考点过关 ┃基础过关 (　　)1. The cloth ________very soft and comfortable.
A. smells　　　　 B. tastes
C. feels D. sounds
(　　)2. Some of my friends eat with their eyes. They prefer to
order what ________ nice.
A. feels B. smells
C. looks D. tastesC C专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)3. —Dick，________ I use your e-dictionary?
—Yes, please.________ you give it to Mike after you
use it?
A. will; Would B. may; Might
C. can; Could D. shall; Should
(　　)4. —I think her dress comes from the 1970s.
—It ________ be from that time. It looks so modern
on her.
A. mustn't B．can't
C. won't D．wouldn'tC B 专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)5. —Must I do my homework now, Mum?
—________. You can do it tomorrow.
A. No, you needn't B. No, you mustn't
C. Yes, you need D. Yes, you must
(　　)6. Rock music may ________ nice to young people, but
most old people can't stand it.
A. hear B. sound C. look D. listenA B [解析]根据上句“妈妈，我现在必须做作业吗？”及答句“________你可以明天做。”推断是否定答句，排除C、D项； must的否定回答有三种：don't have to, needn't和mustn't。needn't和don't have to均意为“不必”；mustn't意为“千万不能；禁止”。故选A。专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)7. Don't forget to take your bag when you ________ the
bus.
A. get off B. take off
C. turn off D. put off
(　　)8. Her sister________ a taxi driver. Now she works for
a charity.
A. is used to be B. were used to being
C. is used to being D．used to beA D [解析] get off意为“下(车)”； take off意为“脱下”；turn off意为“关上”；put off意为“推迟”。句意：当你下车时不要忘记带上你的包。故选A。专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)9. —What do you think of my shirt? It ________ cotton.
—It looks nice on you.
A. is made in B. is made for
C. is made of D. is made by
(　　)10. —Allen, your bedroom is in a mess.
—Sorry, Mum. I'll ________my things at once.
A. put on B. put away
C. put out D. put upC B[解析] put on意为“穿上”；put away意为“收起来”；put out意为“熄灭”；put up意为“张贴，搭建”。 专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语中考透视 (　　)1. [2013·宿迁] —Were you sick after six hours' journey
on the coach?
—Of course. I ________ quickly as soon as it
stopped.
A. got up B. got on
C. got off D. got to
(　　)2. [2013·徐州] If you _______ your name on the paper,
you can get a magazine.
A. cut down B. look down
C. turn down D. write downC D 专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)3. [2013·徐州] —Can I borrow your ruler，please?
—Yes, you________. But you must return it to me
before lunchtime.
A. have B. can C. must D. used to
(　　)4. [2013·宿迁] The cake________ delicious. I can't
wait to eat it.
A. feels B. sounds C. becomes D. smells
(　　)5. [2013·菏泽] —Can we run across the road now?
—No, we________. We have to wait until the light
turns green.
A. needn't B. mustn't C．couldn't D. shouldn'tBDB专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)6. [2013·丽水] —How many English words do you
think I should know?
—As many as you ________. Then you will find
reading quite easy.
A. will B. must C. can D．might
(　　)7. [2013·泰安] —May I smoke here?
—No, you________. This is a no-smoking room.
A. needn't B. mustn't
C. couldn't D. wouldn't CB专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)8. [2013·青岛] There aren't many tickets left for the
concert, you'd better______ that you get one today.
A. make sure of B. make a decision
C. make sure D. make plansC[解析] make sure of意为“确定，确保”，后面一般跟名词或者动名词词组； make sure意为“确保，务必”，可以跟从句； make a decision意为“做决定”； make plans意为“做计划”。句意：这场音乐会剩下的票不多了，你最好确保今天能订到一张票。所以选C。 专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)1. The food here smells good, but what does it
________ like?
A．taste B．touch
C．seem D．feel
(　　)2. —Mum, when can I go out to play football?
—Finish your homework first, or I ________let you
go out.
A．don't B．didn't
C．won't D．haven'tA ┃语法专练 ┃C 专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)3. The sense of happiness will increase if you
________ what you like to do.
A．do B．did C．will do D．should do
(　　)4. Spring is a beautiful season when all trees ________
green.　
A．turn B．sound C．feel D．becomeAA[解析] if 意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。因此选A。 专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)5. It's cold outside. Why not ________ your coat?
A．put on B．take off C．look for D. put off
(　　)6. The young man broke his arm in the accident and
had to ________ his job.
A．give up B．put up
C．cut up D. pick up
(　　)7. —What do you think about Hans?
—He is very difficult to ________ with, but certainly
he has a warm heart under cool appearance (外表)．
A．get on B．get in
C．get off D. get outAA A 专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)8. [2013·济南] —Could I_______ your iPad, Alice?
—Of course. Here you are.
A．lend B．keep C．borrow D．return
(　　)9. Could you please help me ________ the TV? I
want to watch the CCTV News.
A．turn down B．turn on
C．turn off D．turn up
(　　)10. —What are you going to do during your vacation?
—I'm not sure.I have no time to ________ it at
the moment.
A．worry about B．think about
C．get over D．come overC B B 专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)11. —This book _______educating teenagers. Would
you like to buy it?
—Yes, I'll take it.
A．aims at B．takes place
C．gives out D．sets up
(　　)12. Please ________ these books, Jodie. I want to
use the desk to do my homework.
A．take away B．give away
C．go away D．keep away
A A 专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)13. —I'm not sure how to pronounce this word.
—You'd better ________ its right pronunciation in
the dictionary.
A．look after B．look down
C．look up D．look out
(　　)14. Bill doesn't like the sunglasses in the ad because
they can't ________ the sun well.
A．take out B．keep out
C．clean out D．look outCB 专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)15. He ________ some French while he was away on a
business trip in Paris.
A．made out B．picked up
C．gave up D．took in
(　　)16. —Four dollars a pair? I think it's a bit too much.
—If you buy three pairs, the price for each will
________ to three fifty.
A．come down B．take down
C．turn over D．go overBA专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)17. —The sweater is very nice. I'll take it.
—But you'd better ________ first. I think it is a little
large for you.
A．pay for it B．put it on
C．put it off D．try it on
(　　)18. Jack has never visited the Forbidden City, but he
has ________ it.
A．stood for B．belonged to
C．heard about D．kept toD [解析] pay for意为“付款”； put on意为“穿上”； put off意为“推迟”； try on意为“试穿”。由答语“我认为你穿有点大。”可知应选D。C 专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)19. [2013·台州] —Would you mind ________ the music
a little? Don't you think it's too loud?
—Sorry! I'll do it in a minute.
A．turning on B．turning off
C．turning up D．turning down
(　　)20. I'm not sure whether I can hold a party in the open
air, because it ________ the weather.
A．stands for B．depends on
C．lives on D．agrees withDB专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)21. ________， you guys! You don't want to miss the
train, do you?
A．Look up B．Give up C．Hurry up D．Grow up
(　　)22. —It's said that aliens tried to warn the astronauts on
the moon to ________ .
—Maybe they didn't like human beings to get close
to them.
A．stay up B．stay out
C．stay away D．stay behindC C [解析] look up意为“查询”；give up意为“放弃”；hurry up意为“快点”；grow up意为“长大”。由后半句“你们不想错过火车。”可知是让他们快点。 专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)23. Mary heard somebody call her, so she turned
________ to see who it was.
A．off 　 B．out　 C．up　 D．around
(　　)24. Han Han is a popular writer. His new book will
________ this September.
A．come up B．come in
C．come out D．come on
(　　)25. [2013·泸州] Can you help me to ________ my dog
when I leave for Hong Kong?
A．look after B．look for
C．look at D．look throughD CA专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)26. —All the oil in the world will ________ some day.
—Yeah. What shall we use for power at that time?
A．given away B．put away
C．run out D．set out
(　　)27. [2013·黄石] Many students in our school ________
the old and they usually offer their seats to them on
buses.
A．worry about B．care for
C．agree with D．take careC B专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)28. —Could I ________ your digital camera again?
—No problem. But I think you'd better go to the store
to buy ________ since you often go traveling.
A．lend; one B．lend; it
C．borrow; one D．borrow; it
(　　)29. Will the hotel ________ free breakfast ________ the
guests?
A．provide; with B．provide; to
C．offer; with D．offer; to C D 专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)30. —How is people's life in the earthquake areas?
—They are living a much better life than we _____.　
A．suggested B．expected
C．noticed D．supported
(　　)31. Sorry! I have to go back at once because I have
________ my homework in my bedroom.
A．forgotten B．fetched C．left D．taken
(　　)32. Taiwan is part of China. We ________ the same
history and culture.
A．explain B．express C．connect D．shareBCD专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)33. [2013·聊城] If you want to buy this dress, you'd
better ________ first to make sure it fits you.
A．pay for it B．take it off
C．tidy it up D．try it on
(　　)34. My uncle ________ be tired. He has been running
for a long time. But my aunt ________ be tired.
She has just begun to run.
A．may not; must B．must; can't
C．can't; must D．must; may notD B[解析] must表推测时，语气最强烈，意为“肯定、一定”；can't表示否定的推测，意为“一定不(是)”。 专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)35. ________ you sing English songs when you were 5
years old?
A．Can B．Need C．Could D．May
(　　)36. His brother ________ play computer games
because it doesn't work.
A．may not B．can't
C．mustn't D．needn't
(　　)37. [2013·黄冈] —How heavily it is raining!
—What a pity! We have to ________ our sports
meeting.
A．put off B．put out C．put on D．put upCBA专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)38. —________ I take some photos here?
—No, you ________．
A．May; mustn't B．Must; mustn't
C．May; needn't D．Could; won't
(　　)39. I ________ stop playing computer games because
of my poor eyesight.
A．must B．can't C．have to D．mustn'tAC[解析]用may提问时，否定回答用mustn't。 专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)40. [2013·呼和浩特] When you visit a museum you
should ________ the instructions and don't be
against them.
A．compare with B．look forward to
C．pay attention to D．try out
(　　)41. Look! How hard the snow is! You'd better
________．
A．stay here when it stops
B．not leave until it stops
C．not to leave at once
D．don't go home nowC[解析] had better not do sth意为“最好不要做某事”。 B专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)42. [2013·鞍山] She hurriedly ________ the child
and took him downstairs.
A．put on B．wore
C．dressed D．had on
(　　)43. —Will you please help me to repair the
computer now?
—Sorry. I'm too busy and I don't have a minute to
________.
A．spare B．share C．spend D．saveCA[解析]根据sorry可猜测答语意为“很抱歉，我太忙了，连一分钟的时间都腾不出来。”spare意为“抽出； 腾出”。 专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)44. —Paul, what do you think of the iPhone 4s?
—I really like it, but I can't ________ it.
A．stand B．afford
C．spend D．refuse
(　　)45. The government has ________ some organizations
to help the poor students in the western areas of
China.
A．taken up B．put up
C．picked up D．set upBD专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)46. These photos are very valuable because they can
________ me ________ the life living in the
countryside.
A．think; of B．remind; of
C．let; down D．wake; up
(　　)47. Anyone who dances well can ________ the school
dancing club.
A．take part in B．take off
C．take out D．take care ofBA专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)48. —Why is Tom's father so happy?
—Because only three students _______， ______
his son Harvey.
A．failed the exam; besides
B．made progress; except
C．made progress; including
D．passed the exam; withoutC专题8┃ 动词分类及动词短语(　　)49. [2013·济南] —It's hot today, isn't it?
—Yes, it is. Why not ________ your jacket?
A．take care B．take place
C．take after D．take off
(　　)50. [2013·重庆] We'll ________ an English play “Snow
White” during this year's Art Festival.
A．look up B．look out
C．put off D．put onD[解析] take care意为“注意”；take place意为“发生”；take after意为“与(父母等)相像”；take off意为“脱下；起飞”。句意：“今天天气很热，不是吗？”“是的，天气很热。你为什么不脱掉夹克呢？”故选D。D