【中考夺分天天练（译林·全国）】2014素材化中考英语总复习课件（含13年试题）：专题 11　主谓一致

课件26张PPT。专题 11　主谓一致 专题11┃ 主谓一致 ┃考点直击┃点睛 英语中，主语与谓语的一致遵循三个原则：语法一致
原则、意义一致原则和就近原则。
1　语法一致原则
语法一致原则要求谓语动词必须与主语在语法形式上保持一致。
1．单数名词或代词、不定式、动名词(短语)、从句作主语
时，谓语动词用单数。如：
Smoking is bad for our health.吸烟有害健康。
2．不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Someone is knocking at the door.有人在敲门。专题11┃ 主谓一致 3．介词或介词短语作插入语时。主语后接with, along with,
together with, as well as, including, besides, like,
except, but等短语作插入语时，谓语动词的数由主语的
单复数形式决定。如：
Mike with his two dogs is walking in the park.
迈克和他的两条狗正在公园里散步。
4．常以复数形式出现的名词作主语时。一些只有复数形式
的名词(如 trousers, shoes, clothes, gloves, glasses等)
作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数。若这些名词被a pair of
修饰时，谓语动词需用单数。如：
A pair of glasses is on the table.桌子上有一副眼镜。专题11┃ 主谓一致 5．“a number of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数；“the
number of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
A number of people have applied for the job.
许多人申请了这份工作。
6．“the＋形容词”表示一类人，作主语时谓语动词用复数。如：
The old are more likely to catch a cold than the young.
老年人比年轻人更容易感冒。
7．“many a (more than one)＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词
用单数。如：
More than one student is fond of playing computer games.
不止一个学生喜欢玩电脑游戏。
Many a child is flying kites.许多孩子在放风筝。 专题11┃ 主谓一致 8．“a lot of/lots of/plenty of＋名词”，“分数或百分数＋名词”等
作主语时，谓语动词与名词的数保持一致。如：
Three fifths of the forest was destroyed.
五分之三的森林被毁坏了。
9．在定语从句中，关系代词that, who, which等作主语时，其谓
语动词的数应与先行词的数保持一致。如：
This is the boy who wants to see you.
这就是想要见你的男孩。
10．在倒装句中，谓语动词应与其后的主语的数保持一致。
如：
Here are some flowers and some money for you.
这儿有一些为你准备的花和钱。专题11┃ 主谓一致 2　意义一致原则
意义一致即谓语动词的单复数要看主语所表示的概念。
1．形式上虽为单数，但意义为复数的名词，如the police,
people(人们), cattle等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：
Watch out! The police are coming.
当心！警察来了。
2．the Chinese, the British等表示一个国家或民族的人的总称
的词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：
The English do not drink much wine.
英国人不怎么喝酒。专题11┃ 主谓一致 3．形式上为复数，而意义上却是单数的名词，如news,
physics, politics, economics及以s结尾的书名、国名等
作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
This news is very important to us.
这条消息对我们很重要。
The United States is a developed country.
美国是一个发达国家。
4．and连接的两个指同一概念的名词作主语时，谓语动词
用单数。如：
The doctor and writer is very famous.
这位医生兼作家非常出名。专题11┃ 主谓一致 5．one and a half后接名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用单
数。如：
One and a half hours is enough for us to finish the work.
一个半小时对于我们来说完成这项工作足够了。
6．表度量、价格、时间、长度的复数名词(短语)作主语时通
常被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数。如：
Three years has passed since I came here.
自从我来这儿，三年已经过去了。专题11┃ 主谓一致 7．集体名词(如 family, team, group, class等)看作整体时，
谓语动词用单数；强调其中每一个成员时，谓语动词用复
数。如：
My family is a big one with eight people.
我家是一个有着八口人的大家庭。
3　就近原则
就近原则即谓语动词的数取决于主语中最靠近它的名词的单复数。
1．连词not…but…， either…or…， neither…nor…， not
only…but also…等连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数与靠
近它的主语一致。如：
Either you or I am wrong. 不是你错了就是我错了。专题11┃ 主谓一致 2．there be句型。　当there be后有两个或几个并列的主语
时，be动词的数和与其靠得最近的那个主语一致。 如：
There is a table and six chairs in the dining hall.
餐厅里有一张桌子和六把椅子。
There are six chairs and a table in the dining hall.
餐厅里有六把椅子和一张桌子。专题11┃ 主谓一致 ┃考点过关 ┃基础过关 用所给词的适当形式填空
1．There _____ (be) a table and two chairs in the room.
2．Neither you nor he ______ (be) right.
3．Not only he but also I ____________ (invite)．
4．Twenty years ____________ (pass) since he left his
hometown.
5．The old ________ (be) very happy in this area.is is am/was invited has passed are 专题11┃ 主谓一致 6．The number of the students in my sister's class ______
(be) 50.
7．Mary with her mother ______________ (shop) now.
8．This is the girl who ________ (want) to play with you.
9．Doing morning exercises ________ (make) us healthy.
10．The pair of shoes ________ (be) very expensive.is is shopping wants makes is 专题11┃ 主谓一致 中考透视 (　　)1. [2013·安顺] Doing exercise________ good for your
health.
A. be　　 B. am C. is D. are
(　　)2. [2013·呼和浩特] People who ________ to the party
are very excited.
A. have invited B. has been invited
C. will invite D. have been invited C [解析] 动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。所以选C。 D 专题11┃ 主谓一致 (　　)3. [2013·安顺] In our school library there ________ a
number of books on science, and in these years the
number of them ________ growing larger and larger.
A. are; is B. is; are
C. have; are D. has; isA [解析] a number of作主语时，谓语动词用复数；the number of作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。所以选A。 专题11┃ 主谓一致 (　　)4. [2012·广东] —Both Li Lei and Han Meimei ________ fond of the TV program A Bite of China.
—I am also deeply moved by its stories!
A．is B．am C．was D．are
(　　)5. [2012· 烟台] Between the two hills ________ a deep
river.
A．are B．have C．has D．isDD专题11┃ 主谓一致 (　　)1. [2012· 黄石] ________that pair of ________ a little
cheaper?
A．Is; glass B．Are; glass
C．Is; glasses D．Are; glasses
(　　)2. Both Kate and I ________ ready for the picnic now.　
A．gets B．is getting
C．are getting D．am gettingC ┃语法专练 ┃[解析] that pair of glasses意为“那副眼镜”，它作主语时谓语动词用单数。 C 专题11┃ 主谓一致 (　　)3. The Germans ________ fly to Beijing next week.
A．is going to B．was going to
C．were going to D．are going to
(　　)4. Neither of them ________ a worker.
A．has　　 B．are　 　C．is　　　D. wereDC[解析] the Germans 指“德国人”，是复数，它作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。 [解析] neither of作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。 专题11┃ 主谓一致 (　　)5. Half of the teachers in our school ________ over 40
years old.
A．is B．are C．has D. have
(　　)6. Picking apples ________ much more interesting than
having lessons.
A．has B．have C．is D. areBC [解析] half of 后跟的是可数名词复数，所以谓语动词用复数形式。 [解析]动名词作主语，故谓语动词用单数形式。 专题11┃ 主谓一致 (　　)7. This pair of glasses________.
A．belonged to my father's B．belong to my father
C．belong to father's D. belongs to my father
(　　)8. My family ________ a happy one. Now the whole
family ________ having a party.
A．is; are B．is; is C．are; are D．are; isD A [解析]主语pair是单数，谓语动词用单数形式。 [解析]集体名词family作整体讲时，谓语动词用单数；强调其中每一个成员时，谓语动词用复数。专题11┃ 主谓一致 (　　)9. Robert with his two kids ________ to the beach for
vacation every year.
A．go B．goes
C．went D．are going
(　　)10. Neither my father nor my mother ________ rock
music. They think that it's too ________．
A. like; noise B. likes; noise
C．like; noisy D．likes; noisyBD专题11┃ 主谓一致 (　　)11. [2013·威海] Everyone except Tom and John
________ there when the meeting began.
A．are B．is C．were D．was
(　　)12. The news ________ important to us.
A．is　 B．am　 C．are　 D．were
(　　)13. The disabled ________in need of help.
A．am B．is C．are D．wereDA[解析] “the＋形容词”表示一类人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 C专题11┃ 主谓一致 (　　)14. [2013·贺州] There ________ a basketball game in
our school this evening.
A．is going to have B．will have
C．will is D．will be
(　　)15. [2012·自贡] —How soon can you finish this job?
—Two days ________ enough for me to finish the
work. I need a week.
A．isn't B．aren't C．is D．areD [解析]时间段作主语时，谓语动词用单数。根据“I need a week.”可知应该用否定形式。 A 专题11┃ 主谓一致 (　　)16. [2013·广东] Not only my friends but also I ________
interested in football and Messi is our favorite star.
A．be B．am C．is D. are
(　　)17. [2013·鞍山] Neither he nor I________ from Canada.
We are from Australia.
A．is B．are C．am D．Be
(　　)18. Tom was the only one of the boys who ________
praised by our teacher yesterday.
A．is B．are C．was D. wereBC[解析] neither…nor…连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数和nor后的主语保持一致。C专题11┃ 主谓一致 (　　)19. —________ thirty dollars enough for you, Ann?
—Yes, Mum. I only want to buy a notebook.
A．Are B．Is C．Were D. Was
(　　)20. Here ________ some money and some pairs of
shoes for you.
A．is B．am C．are D．wereB A [解析]金钱作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。 [解析]在倒装句中，谓语动词应与其后的主语的数保持一致。 专题11┃ 主谓一致 (　　)21. Many a farmer ________ busy with the harvest.
A．were B．am　 C．are D．Is
(　　)22. The singer and writer ________ from Guangdong.
A．come B．are C．comes D．comingDC[解析] “many a ＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 [解析] and连接的两个名词指同一概念时，谓语动词用单数。 the singer and writer意为“歌手兼作家”指同一个人，故选C。