PAGE
第 8 页 共 8 页
Module 1 单元加餐练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
How did your friendships begin Most start with a short conversation on a random day. Asking about a homework assignment in class or complaining about your sore legs after playing in a soccer game, you found your best pal by accident.
“Small talk is where all your relationships begin，” Forbes magazine summed up.
The following is a five?step guide to making small talk from Bernardo J. Carducci, the director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast, US. Let's have a look.
1．Getting started
Begin by talking about the setting, such as the weather outside or the room you are in (“It's cold in here, isn't it？”). The purpose of talking about the setting is to show the other person that you are willing to make a conversation.
2．The personal introduction
You should mention something about yourself, such as your name. A good personal introduction helps move the conversation forward.
3．Looking for topics
At this point, you and your conversation partner need to find common ground. This is a good time to ask questions or to refer back to things you've said or heard earlier. Don't worry if it gets quiet. The other person is probably just thinking of something to say.
4．Expanding the topic
The goal is to keep the conversation going. At every stage, you should be careful not to talk too much. But don't let the other person dominate (支配) the conversation either. If that starts to happen, mention something about yourself when he or she takes a breath.
5．A polite ending
When ending a conversation, let the person know you'll be leaving soon, express gratitude for the conversation and set the stage for a future conversation. For example, you could say，“I really must be going soon, but I had a great time chatting with you. I really liked hearing your opinion about that new movie. Here's my phone number. Call or text me if you know of any other movies you think I might enjoy.”
1．According to the article, starting by talking about the setting is meant to ________.
A．find common ground
B．impress the other person
C．make the room louder
D．show your eagerness to make a conversation
2．What is the reader advised to do when making small talk
A．Turn the conversation to your advantage.
B．Never cut in when the other person is talking.
C．Do whatever you can to avoid quiet moments.
D．Focus on topics both sides are interested in.
3．When ending a conversation, you'd better “________”．
A．talk about how much you want to keep talking
B．show that you've enjoyed the talk
C．mention a specific movie that you love
D．give your opinion about the other person's earlier comments
4．The main purpose of the article is to ________.
A．encourage students to make more friends at school
B．give students tips on making small talk
C．introduce popular topics for students to have daily conversations about
D．teach students how to create their friendships
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Family isn't always blood. They're the people in your life who appreciate having you in their life. These people are the ones who truly matter. __1__
Free yourself from negative people. Spend time with nice people who are smart, driven and like minded. Relationships should help you, not hurt you. __2__ Choose friends who you are proud to know, people you admire, who love and respect you. Life is too short to spend time with people who suck happiness out of you. __3__ Being you is the only way to truly live.
Show everyone kindness and respect. Treat everyone with kindness and respect, even those who are rude to you — not because they are nice, but because you are. __4__ Treat everyone with the same level of respect you would give to your grandfather and the same level of patience you would have with your baby brother. People will notice your kindness.
__5__ In most eases it's impossible to change them anyway, and it's rude to try. So save yourself from needless stress. Instead of trying to change others, give them your support and lead by example.
A．Accept people just the way they are.
B．Surround yourself with people who reflect the person you want to be.
C．When you free yourself from negative people, you free yourself to be you.
D．True friends should make your day a little brighter.
E．There are no boundaries or classes that define a group of people that deserve to be respected.
F．Remember: only make friends with outgoing people and stay away from those who don't respect you.
G．Here are some tips to help you find and foster these special relationships.
Ⅲ.完形填空
In the past, boredom was just part of life. You didn't have a phone to __1__ you in the car. You sat in the back seat and stared out of the window. But today, boredom is easy to __2__. You can fill __3__ time with apps, Xboxes and computers.
In fact, being bored can get you into real __4__.
Boredom can lead to worry (Should I be doing something？). It can lead to bad __5__ (I'll ride my bike down the stairs — what could go wrong？). People who are bored may __6__ be more likely to abuse (滥用) alcohol or drugs.
According to some experts, however, it turns out boredom can be __7__ for you. Why It has to do with the __8__， which has two ways of paying attention.
The first way of paying attention is what helps you with what's __9__ around you. It helps you listen to your teacher, catch a ball, and joke with your friends. That's the part of the brain you use __10__ you text, play games and watch TV.
The other way of paying attention helps you think about how you __11__. It helps you sort out your feelings about a fight with your brother. It helps you __12__ the joy of baking cookies with your grandma. That's the part of the brain you use to be __13__， daydream and imagine your future.
But these two parts of your brain can't both __14__ at the same time.
So what happens if you're always __15__？ You'll only use the first part of your brain. You'll __16__ use the thoughtful part. If this part of your brain doesn't work well, you may not know what you really feel. You can be __17__ of what you really want.
That's why it's __18__ to learn to be bored. Being able to do __19__ — happily — is an important skill. It's something you have to practice, __20__ it will feel much more rewarding (有益的) than computer games.
1．A.educate B．support
C．help D．entertain
2．A.have B．avoid
C．start D．forget
3．A.long B．spare
C．limited D．local
4．A.pain B．business
C．trouble D．challenge
5．A.situations B．concerns
C．decisions D．performances
6．A.just B．even
C．still D．only
7．A.fit B．good
C．hard D．simple
8．A.habit B．heart
C．brain D．life
9．A.continuing B．disappearing
C．hiding D．happening
10．A.when B．since
C．before D．though
11．A.react B．speak
C．feel D．relax
12．A.tell B．learn
C．explain D．remember
13．A.active B．creative
C．attractive D．competitive
14．A.exist B．work
C．spread D．move
15．A.free B．real
C．busy D．normal
16．A.always B．ever
C．never D．once
17．A.shy B．unsure
C．tired D．careful
18．A.ordinary B．impossible
C．difficult D．important
19．A.nothing B．something
C．everything D．anything
20．A.so B．but
C．or D．if
Ⅳ.语法填空
Here __1__ (be) some ways to start talking.
Find common ground. Anything that the person can relate to and that establishes a connection can __2__ (consider) common ground, such as the weather.
Involve the other person. Now that you've established common ground, it's time to involve the other person and get him talking by asking him to reveal some information about __3__ (he). Don't ask anything too __4__ (person), like asking about the person's health, religion, or political views. Just keep it light and fun and ask open ended questions about the person's interests, job, or __5__ (surrounding)．
Follow up with a question or a statement. The person's response will influence whether you follow up with a question, a statement, or a joke. Try to find a balance between questions __6__ statements. Too many questions will make the person feel like he's being interrogated (质问), and too many statements won't give the person room __7__ (talk)．
Take the time to listen. __8__ (real) listening to things __9__ the person says can make the speaker feel pleased and like to speak more. It also helps you find new common ground and guide the conversation __10__ a more fun or productive direction.
Ⅴ.短文改错
Last Friday we have a discussion about whether it is the only way out for senior students to go to college. Views vary from person to person.
The majority of us consider this very necessary to go to college. They think it can be widen their knowledge and improve their qualities. Only in this way can they find better jobs before graduation. Very few students think it no use go to university, because the tuition is too high for their family to afford. What's more, it's rather hard for college graduates to seek satisfied jobs. Thirty percents of the students, however, believe“All roads lead Rome.”Therefore, it doesn't make some difference whether they go to college or not.
In my opinion, we can better themselves through college education so that we can serve society better in the future.PAGE
第 8 页 共 8 页
Module 1 单元加餐练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
How did your friendships begin Most start with a short conversation on a random day. Asking about a homework assignment in class or complaining about your sore legs after playing in a soccer game, you found your best pal by accident.
“Small talk is where all your relationships begin，” Forbes magazine summed up.
The following is a five?step guide to making small talk from Bernardo J. Carducci, the director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast, US. Let's have a look.
1．Getting started
Begin by talking about the setting, such as the weather outside or the room you are in (“It's cold in here, isn't it？”). The purpose of talking about the setting is to show the other person that you are willing to make a conversation.
2．The personal introduction
You should mention something about yourself, such as your name. A good personal introduction helps move the conversation forward.
3．Looking for topics
At this point, you and your conversation partner need to find common ground. This is a good time to ask questions or to refer back to things you've said or heard earlier. Don't worry if it gets quiet. The other person is probably just thinking of something to say.
4．Expanding the topic
The goal is to keep the conversation going. At every stage, you should be careful not to talk too much. But don't let the other person dominate (支配) the conversation either. If that starts to happen, mention something about yourself when he or she takes a breath.
5．A polite ending
When ending a conversation, let the person know you'll be leaving soon, express gratitude for the conversation and set the stage for a future conversation. For example, you could say，“I really must be going soon, but I had a great time chatting with you. I really liked hearing your opinion about that new movie. Here's my phone number. Call or text me if you know of any other movies you think I might enjoy.”
语篇解读：本文向学生介绍了如何通过聊天建立友谊的技巧。
1．According to the article, starting by talking about the setting is meant to ________.
A．find common ground
B．impress the other person
C．make the room louder
D．show your eagerness to make a conversation
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The purpose of talking about the setting is to show the other person that you are willing to make a conversation.”可知谈论环境是一个很好的开始谈话的契机。
2．What is the reader advised to do when making small talk
A．Turn the conversation to your advantage.
B．Never cut in when the other person is talking.
C．Do whatever you can to avoid quiet moments.
D．Focus on topics both sides are interested in.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据文章第六段中“At this point, you and your conversation partner need to find common ground.”可知。
3．When ending a conversation, you'd better “________”．
A．talk about how much you want to keep talking
B．show that you've enjoyed the talk
C．mention a specific movie that you love
D．give your opinion about the other person's earlier comments
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“For example, you could say，‘I really ... you think I might enjoy.’”可知。
4．The main purpose of the article is to ________.
A．encourage students to make more friends at school
B．give students tips on making small talk
C．introduce popular topics for students to have daily conversations about
D．teach students how to create their friendships
解析：选B 写作意图题。根据文章第一段可知这是写给学生看的。再结合第一句话“How did your friendships begin ”可推测作者的意图是向学生介绍如何通过聊天建立友谊的技巧。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Family isn't always blood. They're the people in your life who appreciate having you in their life. These people are the ones who truly matter. __1__
Free yourself from negative people. Spend time with nice people who are smart, driven and like minded. Relationships should help you, not hurt you. __2__ Choose friends who you are proud to know, people you admire, who love and respect you. Life is too short to spend time with people who suck happiness out of you. __3__ Being you is the only way to truly live.
Show everyone kindness and respect. Treat everyone with kindness and respect, even those who are rude to you — not because they are nice, but because you are. __4__ Treat everyone with the same level of respect you would give to your grandfather and the same level of patience you would have with your baby brother. People will notice your kindness.
__5__ In most eases it's impossible to change them anyway, and it's rude to try. So save yourself from needless stress. Instead of trying to change others, give them your support and lead by example.
A．Accept people just the way they are.
B．Surround yourself with people who reflect the person you want to be.
C．When you free yourself from negative people, you free yourself to be you.
D．True friends should make your day a little brighter.
E．There are no boundaries or classes that define a group of people that deserve to be respected.
F．Remember: only make friends with outgoing people and stay away from those who don't respect you.
G．Here are some tips to help you find and foster these special relationships.
语篇解读：本文主要介绍了养成良好的关系的三条建议。
1．解析：选G 空处起承上启下的过渡作用，为读者提出培养人际关系的建议，故G项正确。
2．解析：选B 根据空前的“Relationships should help you, not hurt you”和空后的“Choose friends who you are ... respect you”可知，应选B“让你的周围满是你以后想要成为的那种人”，强调你所培养的这种关系积极的方面。
3．解析：选C 空后一句“Being you is the only way to truly live”与C项中的“free yourself to be you”相对应，故选C。
4．解析：选E 本段的主题句“Show everyone kindness and respect”与E项中的“a group of people that deserve to be respected”相对应，且由空后的“Treat everyone with the same level of respect ... of patience”可知，选E项，说明世上没有界限或等级去定义哪一部分人值得尊重，因此你要同等对待别人。
5．解析：选A 分析文章结构可知，空处是本段的主题句。根据下文中的“在大多数情况下，要改变他们是不可能的”和“不要试图改变别人，而要给他们支持和榜样的引领”可知，选A项“接受他们现在的样子”。
Ⅲ.完形填空
In the past, boredom was just part of life. You didn't have a phone to __1__ you in the car. You sat in the back seat and stared out of the window. But today, boredom is easy to __2__. You can fill __3__ time with apps, Xboxes and computers.
In fact, being bored can get you into real __4__.
Boredom can lead to worry (Should I be doing something？). It can lead to bad __5__ (I'll ride my bike down the stairs — what could go wrong？). People who are bored may __6__ be more likely to abuse (滥用) alcohol or drugs.
According to some experts, however, it turns out boredom can be __7__ for you. Why It has to do with the __8__， which has two ways of paying attention.
The first way of paying attention is what helps you with what's __9__ around you. It helps you listen to your teacher, catch a ball, and joke with your friends. That's the part of the brain you use __10__ you text, play games and watch TV.
The other way of paying attention helps you think about how you __11__. It helps you sort out your feelings about a fight with your brother. It helps you __12__ the joy of baking cookies with your grandma. That's the part of the brain you use to be __13__， daydream and imagine your future.
But these two parts of your brain can't both __14__ at the same time.
So what happens if you're always __15__？ You'll only use the first part of your brain. You'll __16__ use the thoughtful part. If this part of your brain doesn't work well, you may not know what you really feel. You can be __17__ of what you really want.
That's why it's __18__ to learn to be bored. Being able to do __19__ — happily — is an important skill. It's something you have to practice, __20__ it will feel much more rewarding (有益的) than computer games.
语篇解读：无聊时人们常会无所事事，会陷入纠结痛苦中。但科学家发现，事实并非如此，无聊也可能对人体产生益处。
1．A.educate B．support
C．help D．entertain
解析：选D 过去没有手机，无聊的你坐在车里无法“娱乐(entertain)”自己，只能呆呆望着窗外。
2．A.have B．avoid
C．start D．forget
解析：选B 相较于过去没有手机玩，如今的人们很容易“避免(avoid)”无聊。
3．A.long B．spare
C．limited D．local
解析：选B 人们是通过玩手机、打游戏来填补“空闲(spare)”时间。
4．A.pain B．business
C．trouble D．challenge
解析：选C 由下文列举无聊会使人烦恼、使一些人酗酒或吸毒可知，处于无聊状态会让人陷入真正的“麻烦(trouble)”。
5．A.situations B．concerns
C．decisions D．performances
解析：选C 由下文中的例子“I'll ride my bike down the stairs — what could go wrong？”可知，无聊会导致人们做出糟糕的“决定(decisions)”。
6．A.just B．even
C．still D．only
解析：选B “无聊会使人烦恼、使人做出糟糕决定”和“人无聊时可能会酗酒或吸毒”之间是递进关系，故选even。
7．A.fit B．good
C．hard D．simple
解析：选B 由however一词和下文作者通过科学的解释说明享受无聊的重要性可知，无聊对人体“有益(good)”。
8．A.habit B．heart
C．brain D．life
解析：选C 由下文介绍人体集中注意力的两种方式以及多次出现的brain可知，无聊与人体的“大脑(brain)”有关。
9．A.continuing B．disappearing
C．hiding D．happening
解析：选D 由下文的“helps you listen to your teacher, catch a ball, and joke with your friends”可知，大脑集中注意力的一种方式是帮助你应对身边“正在发生(happening)”的事，这正是“当(when)”你发短信、玩游戏和看电视时所用的那部分大脑。
10．A.when B．since
C．before D．though
解析：选A 参见上题解析。
11．A.react B．speak
C．feel D．relax
解析：选C 由下文的“helps you sort out your feelings”和“helps you ________ the joy of ...”可知，大脑集中注意力的另一种方式是让你面对某事时思考自己的“感受(feel)”。
12．A.tell B．learn
C．explain D．remember
解析：选D “回忆(remember)”与祖母一起烘焙时的快乐是大脑思考如何感受的结果。
13．A.active B．creative
C．attractive D．competitive
解析：选B 由下文的“the thoughtful part”可知，“有创造力(creative)”与做白日梦、幻想未来一样都是需要大脑进行思考的。
14．A.exist B．work
C．spread D．move
解析：选B 由下文的“You'll only use the first part of your brain ... the thoughtful part ... doesn't work”可知，大脑用来管理做事情和思考事情的两部分不会同时“工作(work)”。
15．A.free B．real
C．busy D．normal
解析：选C 由上文介绍大脑用来管理做事情的部分“helps you listen to your teacher, catch a ball, and joke with your friends”可知，这部分大脑会在人“忙碌(busy)”时工作，此时大脑管理思考的那部分是“绝不会(never)”被使用的。
16．A.always B．ever
C．never D．once
解析：选C 参见上题解析。
17．A.shy B．unsure
C．tired D．careful
解析：选B 由上文的“you may not know what you really feel”可知，当你不知道你真正的感受时，也就“不确信(unsure)”你到底想要什么。
18．A.ordinary B．impossible
C．difficult D．important
解析：选D 由上文作者通过科学解释大脑的不同功能和下文的“an important skill”可知，无聊时的思考与大脑管理思考的那部分有关，因此学会无聊是非常“重要的(important)”。
19．A.nothing B．something
C．everything D．anything
解析：选A 由上文的“learn to be bored”可知，能够开心地“什么都不做(nothing)”是一种重要的技能。
20．A.so B．but
C．or D．if
解析：选B “学会开心地无所事事是需要练习的”和“这比电脑游戏更加有益”之间是转折关系，故选but。
Ⅳ.语法填空
Here __1__ (be) some ways to start talking.
Find common ground. Anything that the person can relate to and that establishes a connection can __2__ (consider) common ground, such as the weather.
Involve the other person. Now that you've established common ground, it's time to involve the other person and get him talking by asking him to reveal some information about __3__ (he). Don't ask anything too __4__ (person), like asking about the person's health, religion, or political views. Just keep it light and fun and ask open ended questions about the person's interests, job, or __5__ (surrounding)．
Follow up with a question or a statement. The person's response will influence whether you follow up with a question, a statement, or a joke. Try to find a balance between questions __6__ statements. Too many questions will make the person feel like he's being interrogated (质问), and too many statements won't give the person room __7__ (talk)．
Take the time to listen. __8__ (real) listening to things __9__ the person says can make the speaker feel pleased and like to speak more. It also helps you find new common ground and guide the conversation __10__ a more fun or productive direction.
语篇解读：本文就怎样发起聊天提供了方法。
1．are 设空处描述的是一般事实，且由“some ways”可知，谓语应用复数形式，故填are。
2．be considered 主语Anything与consider之间是被动关系，且设空处前面有情态动词can，故填be considered。
3．himself 由“get him talking by asking him to reveal some information”可知，设空处所在句表述的是说话者谈论自己的信息，故填himself。
4．personal 由下文的“the person's health, religion, or political views”可知，设空处表述的是不要问太多私人的问题，故填personal。
5．surroundings surroundings意为“周围的事物，周围的情况”。
6．and between ... and ... 意为“在……(两者)之间”。
7．to talk 设空处在句中作目的状语，故填to talk。
8．Really 设空处修饰动名词listening，表示“真正地”，故填Really。
9．that/which 设空处在句中引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词things，且在从句中作宾语，故填that/which。
10．in “朝……的方向”用介词in。
Ⅴ.短文改错
Last Friday we have a discussion about whether it is the only way out for senior students to go to college. Views vary from person to person.
The majority of us consider this very necessary to go to college. They think it can be widen their knowledge and improve their qualities. Only in this way can they find better jobs before graduation. Very few students think it no use go to university, because the tuition is too high for their family to afford. What's more, it's rather hard for college graduates to seek satisfied jobs. Thirty percents of the students, however, believe“All roads lead Rome.”Therefore, it doesn't make some difference whether they go to college or not.
In my opinion, we can better themselves through college education so that we can serve society better in the future.
答案：第一句：have→had
第三句：this→it
第四句：去掉be
第五句：before→after
第六句：go→going
第七句：satisfied→satisfactory/satisfying
第八句：percents→percent; lead后加to
第九句：some→any
第十句：themselves→ourselves
