PAGE
第 6 页 共 6 页
Module 5 课时跟踪检测（二） Introduction & Reading —
Language Points
Ⅰ.根据提示写出单词的正确形式
1．The black furnishings provide an interesting contrast (对照) to the white walls.
2．I can't stand working with Jane in the same office. She refuses (拒绝) to stop talking while she works.
3．He was put into prison because he murdered (谋杀) an old lady.
4．Years after the accident I still have nightmares (噩梦) about it.
5．The boy threw away the broken glass secretly for fear (害怕) of being found out.
6．He never gave up chasing (chase) after his dream in his youth.
7．The kitchen was in a disgusting (disgust) state when she left.
8．We all breathed (breath) a sigh of relief when it was over.
9．He was terrified (terrify) at the thought of jumping from the plane.
10．These years, more and more people study the technology of cloning (clone)．
Ⅱ.选词填空
again and again， with fear， rush out of， up and down， burn out， contrast with， throw oneself on， take a deep breath
1．The child was shaking with_fear.
2．After the long journey, the old man threw_himself_on the bed and fell asleep.
3．I told them again_and_again to turn down the radio.
4．The snow was icy and white, contrasting_with the brilliant blue sky.
5．The hotel was completely_burnt_out;_only the walls remained.
6．He sprang to his feet and rushed_out_of the hall.
7．My little daughter started jumping up_and_down on the sofa with anger when she heard she couldn't go.
8．She took_a_deep_breath_and dived in.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．我希望你以后对你父亲更尊敬些。
I wish you would_be more respectful to your father later on.
2．我们是在下午三点的时候到的上海。
It_was_at_three_in_the_afternoon_that we arrived in Shanghai.
3．当我在家里做家务时，我喜欢听音乐。
I enjoy listening to music while_doing housework at home.
4．从詹姆斯的表情我可以看出他害怕被我们抛弃。
From James' face, I could see he was_terrified of being abandoned by us.
5．他的行为与诺言形成鲜明的对比。
His actions contrast_sharply_with_his promise.
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
There are many ways in which human cloning is expected to benefit humans.
Dr Richard Seed, one of the leading supporters of human cloning technology, suggests that it may someday be possible to completely change the aging process because of what we learn from cloning.
Scientists believe that they may be able to treat heart attack victims by cloning their healthy heart cells and injecting them into the areas of the heart that have been damaged. Heart disease is the number one killer in the US and several other industrialised countries.
There has been a breakthrough with human stem cells. Embryonic stem cells can be grown to produce organs to repair or replace damaged ones. Skin for burn victims, brain cells for the brain damaged, hearts, lungs, and kidneys could be produced. By combining this technology with human cloning technology, it may be possible to produce needed organs for suffering people that will be free of rejection by their immune systems. Conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, heart failure, and other problems can be cured if human cloning and its technology are not banned.
Though current treatments for infertility (不生育) are getting a fair amount of publicity in the news, they, in terms of percentages, are not very successful. Some data shows that current infertility treatments are less than 10 percent successful. Couples go through physically and emotionally painful procedures for a small chance of having children. Many couples run out of time and money without successfully having children. Human cloning could make it possible for many more infertile couples to have children than ever before possible.
语篇解读：本文作者从几个方面介绍了克隆人技术给人类带来了益处。
1．According to Dr Richard Seed, we can use cloning technology to ________.
A．produce more animals
B．make people live happily
C．make people look younger
D．cure people of many diseases
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“to completely change the aging process”可知，Richard Seed认为克隆技术可以彻底改变变老的进程。因此推知，克隆技术可以使人们看上去更年轻。
2．We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．cloning has already been used to treat heart disease
B．we can treat a man's heart disease by cloning hearts
C．most people in industrial countries suffer from heart
disease
D．more people die of heart disease than of other diseases in the US
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，心脏病是美国和其他工业化国家的头号杀手，因此在美国死于心脏病的人要比死于其他疾病的人多。
3．What is the main idea of the last paragraph
A．With cloning infertile couples could have children.
B．Treatment of infertility is not successful.
C．Infertile couples suffer a lot physically and mentally.
D．It is difficult for couples to have more children now.
解析：选A 段落大意题。联系全文可知，本文的主题是人类克隆技术。最后一段点明了现在治疗不孕的成功率很低，许多夫妇饱受煎熬，最后说明了利用人类克隆技术可以使不孕的夫妇有自己的孩子，因此A项正确。
4．What is the author's attitude towards human cloning
A．Supportive. B．Doubtful.
C．Cautious. D．Curious.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据文章第一句，特别是关键词benefit及第二至五段(都是讲人类克隆技术会给人类带来益处)可推知，作者对人类克隆技术持支持的态度。
B
My daughter just turned nine last week. We went to the supermarket, and I offered her the best gift I could imagine: picking out anything she wanted. I expected her to pick out some clothes, a new video game, maybe even a doll. However, she insisted the only thing she wanted was a model airplane.
I guess I shouldn't be surprised about her request. My daughter has grown up in a military household, the pride and joy of her father. He finds it perfectly appropriate (合适的) that, from a very early age, she has shared his love of aviation (航空学). I'll never forget my shock when he taught her to jump off the swing set in our backyard, pretending she was a pilot. I believe she was four at the time, but even then she would play pilot more than house.
Yet soon stories and pictures of aircraft weren't enough; she wanted to see the real thing. So my husband started taking her to the annual air show at the local military base. Most other children her age admired how fast the planes flew or how nicely they were painted, but not my daughter. She would ask. “Daddy, when are they going to upgrade (升级) the avionics system in the F 22 Raptor？” or “Do you think unmanned drones (无人机) will ever be as useful as manned aircraft？” I once overheard her correcting an older gentleman who was mistaken about the planned retirement date of the F 15 Eagle.
Of course, my husband has big dreams for his little aviatrix. She is going to be a military pilot, graduating at the top of her class from the Naval Academy. Then she's going to design the next generation fighter personally, while lecturing at Harvard about the history of fixed wing aircraft. How she's going to find time to do all of these things, I'll never know!
语篇解读：作者介绍了她的女儿对航空飞行器的浓厚兴趣。
5．How did the author celebrate her daughter's 9th birthday
A．She took her to watch an air show.
B．She held a doll themed party for her.
C．She gave her a model airplane as a gift.
D．She set a swing in the backyard for her.
解析：选C 细节理解题。由第一段的“We went to the supermarket ... she insisted the only thing she wanted was a model airplane”可知，女儿九岁生日时，作者带她去超市挑选生日礼物，最后在女儿的坚持下送了她一个航模作为礼物。
6．How did the author's daughter feel when she played pilot at age 4
A．Moved. B．Excited.
C．Shocked. D．Frightened.
解析：选B 推理判断题。由第二段的“I believe she was four at the time, but even then she would play pilot more than house”可知，作者的女儿四岁时在秋千上玩飞行的游戏多于玩过家家，故那时她玩这种游戏特别开心兴奋。
7．Why did the author mention her daughter's special behavior in Paragraph 3
A．To introduce her big dreams.
B．To describe her happy childhood.
C．To show her strong interest in aircraft.
D．To compare her with other children her age.
解析：选C 推理判断题。第三段的首句“Yet soon stories and pictures of aircraft weren't enough; she wanted to see the real thing”即本段主旨句。作者描述她的女儿有别于其他同龄人的行为表现，就是为了说明女儿对航空飞行器的浓厚兴趣。
8．What's the author's attitude to her husband's plans for their daughter's future
A．Supportive. B．Doubtful.
C．Uncaring. D．Satisfied.
解析：选B 推理判断题。由最后一段的“How she's going to find time to do all of these things, I'll never know”可知，作者的丈夫对女儿的未来有太多的期待，但作者却不认为女儿有足够的时间能完成他的这些梦想，故作者持怀疑的态度。
Ⅴ.阅读七选五
Clones in fiction
Stories featuring clones always draw me in. I've read enough fiction books about clones over the years. __1__
The Lost Girl, by Sangu Mandanna
__2__ Eva is Amarra's clone. She learns what Amarra learns in school, eats what she eats, and studies every last detail of her life. The trouble is, no matter how hard she studies, outside of their appearances Eva and Amarra aren't that much alike. To make matters more complex, she learns Amarra has a boyfriend she must learn to love as much as Amarra does when her own heart secretly belongs to someone else.
When Amarra is killed in a car crash just after their 16th birthday, Eva has to pick up her life where she left it off. Her life depends on convincing Amarra's loved ones that she is Amarra. __3__
The House of Scorpion, by Nancy Farmer
This is not just one of my favorite books about clones, but one of my favorite books. Between the border of the United States and Aztlan, which was once Mexico, lies Opium, a land ruled by drug lords (毒枭). El Patron is the most powerful drug lord in Opium, a man almost 20 years old. __4__
Matt is El Patron's clone. El Patron has been using clones like Matt to keep himself alive. But before he is needed, the drug lord treats him like a prized pet. El Patron's family dislikes him, thinking him inhuman and a possible threat (威胁) to their inheritance (遗产). The older he gets, the more Matt feels trapped at every turn. __5__
A．Can they accept that
B．They are very fearful and tiresome.
C．Cloning is considered to be criminal.
D．Is there any way he can be free to make his own life
E．Can you be attracted by the rich imagination of the stories
F．Everyone is struck with fear in the heart when hearing the name.
G．It's unbelievable that a person has to spend the whole life learning to be someone else.
语篇解读：本文介绍了科幻作品中的克隆人物。
1．解析：选E 本处用“你会被作品中丰富的想象力吸引吗”引出下文的科幻作品，衔接自然，符合语境。故选E。
2．解析：选G 本段介绍了科幻作品The Lost Girl, 讲述了Eva模仿Amarra并在她死后以Amarra的身份生活的故事。本空位于段首，应选总起句“很难相信一个人一生都在模仿另一个人”来统领本段。故选G。
3．解析：选A 根据空前“Eva得让Amarra的亲人相信她就是Amarra”可知，选A。“Can they accept that”中的“they”指代“Amarra's loved ones”。
4．解析：选F 本段介绍了科幻作品The House of Scorpion；空前介绍了大毒枭，故选F项“人人听到他的名字都害怕”来承接上文，表示人们对毒枭的恐惧。
5．解析：选D 根据本段所讲的“克隆人Matt是大毒枭El Patron的替身，但El Patron的家人却对他处处防备，他被困在那种生活中”可知，此处选D项“他有办法解脱出来过自己的生活吗”来承接上文。
Ⅵ.课时书面表达训练(根据汉语提示完成下面小作文)
Li Ping used to work late and 1.threw_himself_on (扑倒在……上) the bed in his clothes. His wife asked him 2.again_and_again (一再) to go to bed early 3.for_fear_of (唯恐) damaging his health, but he 4.refused_to_follow (拒绝听从) her advice. Also his friends often told him that if he didn't stop working so hard, he would 5.burn_himself_out (累垮他自己). But he ignored what they said. One day he fell ill and 6.was_rushed_to_the_hospital (被紧急送往医院) at once. The doctor told him his illness resulted from his hard working and told him to have enough sleep. After that, Li Ping did change a lot and now he is very healthy.PAGE
第 8 页 共 8 页
Module 5 课时跟踪检测（三） Other Parts of the Module
Ⅰ.根据提示写出单词的正确形式
1．She told me an incredible (难以置信的) story about her grandmother catching a thief.
2．By analysing (分析) the parts of the sentence we learn more about English grammar.
3．We should stick to the principles and be flexible (灵活的) as well.
4．We tried to stay away from controversial (有争议的) topics at the dinner party.
5．The salesman brought some samples (样本) of his firm's products.
6．We are looking for someone who is reliable (rely) and hard working.
7．The story is imaginary (imagine), so we can't believe it.
8．Accompanied (company) by parents, we went for a walk in the park.
9．War is the most acute form of expression of violence (violent)．
10．There is a regulation (regular) that large trucks must not use this road.
Ⅱ.选词填空
be identical to， get out of control， rely on， break down， by mistake， bring ... back to life， as far as sb. know， knock out
1．As_far_as_I_know,_I was the only candidate who had ever said as much.
2．The children got_out_of_control after their teacher left.
3．After a few months' repair, the old city was brought_back_to_life again.
4．I apologized to him because I took his umbrella by_mistake.
5．Relying_on their own efforts, they overcame all the difficulties and finished the task ahead of time.
6．Old fashioned phones matter when wireless networks break_down in disasters.
7．The speech you gave this year was_identical_to the one you gave at the conference last year.
8．The storm brought heavy winds and knocked_out the power system.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．我觉得作出一些变化是非常有必要的。
I find_it_quite_necessary to make some changes.
2．晨练将对你的健康大有益处，因此你现在就应开始行动了。
Doing morning exercise will_be_beneficial_to_your health, so you should take action now.
3．那个年轻的医生治好了这个病人的怪病。
The young doctor cured_the_patient_of his strange illness.
4．这块表如此漂亮而且碰巧降价40%，所以我忍不住买了它。
The watch was so beautiful and it happened to be 40% off, so I couldn't_resist_buying it.
5．在此后的两个小时里，她在专心看电影，因而没有注意到周围所发生的事情。
For the next two hours she was_absorbed_in the film, so she didn't notice what happened around her.
Ⅳ.完形填空
Pain is important. I learned the lesson at 12 through a child directed sandlot football (沙地橄榄球) game.
We planned a __1__ with a similar team from a nearby town. It never __2__ to us to practice or __3__ for the game except to do what we had done for years — run around, pass the football and yell. __4__， our opponents (对手) were prepared. At the beginning they defeated us.
If we were to __5__， we had to prepare and learn the discipline of practice and be __6__. At that moment one of my teammates volunteered to be the captain. His voice is loud and __7__. He focused my attention on the importance of __8__ and the reaction to it. We had been pushed around unmercifully by a larger and __9__ opponent. On our five yard line, he told the team he would take the ball on every play __10__ we lost it. But from the __11__ in his eye, we all knew we'd better not lose it. He ran into the center of the line __12__ pads (护具) or helmet to protect him.
The first rush caught the other team by __13__， and he went for 10 yards. On the second rush, they defended, but we still moved. For 60 yards, we __14__ forward. By the time we had __15__ to their 30 yard line, our captain was covered with __16__ and blood, but still giving the same __17__： “Pass the ball to me on three.” Finally we defeated our opponents surprisingly.
I have never forgotten that day and that __18__ I learned. The fear of pain could be __19__ and learning to live with pain can give one __20__ to overcome difficulties of all sorts.
语篇解读：12岁的时候在一次沙地橄榄球联谊赛中，由于我队对比赛的认识和准备不足，开始时，节节败退。这时，一个队友挺身而出，充当队长。面对强大的对手，我们克服了对身心痛苦的恐惧，最终赢得了比赛。这次比赛使我认识到了痛苦是很重要的，学会承受痛苦能赋予一个人克服困难的力量。
1．A.party B．game
C．trip D．visit
解析：选B 从文章开头可以得知我们经历了一场沙地橄榄球比赛， 这里开始叙述事情的始末。因此我们策划的是比赛。
2．A.struck B．thought
C．occurred D．intended
解析：选C 除了这几年来我们一直在做的事情外，我们从来没有想过为这次比赛进行训练或做准备。It occurred to sb.that ... 是习惯表达，表示“某人想到……”。
3．A.prepare B．train
C．defend D．struggle
解析：选A 从下文可知对方是充分准备了的，和我们没有做任何准备(包括比赛护具和头盔都没有带)形成对比，这也是导致我们比赛开始时被打败的原因。train“训练”；defend“防御，保护”；struggle“挣扎，奋斗”。选train不足以覆盖语境需要。首先它和practice语义重复。其次，prepare有多层含义，包括思想、比赛用品及技术训练等多方面。
4．A.Therefore B．Besides
C．Otherwise D．However
解析：选D 对方有备而来和我们没有任何准备形成转折对比。however“然而”； therefore“因此”；otherwise“否则”；besides“此外”。
5．A.compete B．win
C．improve D．quit
解析：选B 如果我们想赢得比赛，就必须准备并了解比赛规则，并且要团结一致。
6．A.united B．criticized
C．praised D．divided
解析：选A 参见上题解析。united“团结一致的，联合的”；criticized“受到批评”；praised“得到表扬”；divided“分裂的”。
7．A.concerned B．worried
C．determined D．satisfied
解析：选C 他讲话的声音很大、很坚定。通过下文描述，他领导球队一次次冲破对方的防范，即使受伤流血也要奋力拼搏的精神可知这位临时主动担当队长的队友意志坚定。determined“意志坚定的”；concerned“焦虑的，担忧的”；worried“着急的，担心的”；satisfied“满意的”。
8．A.performance B．leadership
C．failure D．pain
解析：选D 他使“我”注意到了痛苦的重要性，以及对痛苦所作出的反应。
9．A.stronger B．taller
C．wiser D．better
解析：选A 我们的对手身材高大而强壮，因此我们的队员遭到无情冲撞。
10．A.unless B．if
C．until D．once
解析：选C 在我们的五码线上他告诉全队，每次都由他来带球，直到我们丢球为止。unless“如果不，除非”；if“如果”；until“直到”；once“一旦”。
11．A.look B．patience
C．excitement D．color
解析：选A 而从他的眼神中我们都明白，最好不要丢球。look“神色，神情”；patience“耐心”；excitement“激动”；color“颜色”。
12．A.through B．without
C．by D．for
解析：选B 在没有护具和头盔的保护下，他冲向中心区。
13．A.chance B．accident
C．luck D．surprise
解析：选D 第一次攻击把对手打了个措手不及。by surprise“出其不意”；by chance“偶然，意外”；by luck“侥幸，凭运气”；by accident“偶然，不经意”。
14．A.approached B．adventured
C．inched D．looked
解析：选C 第二次攻击时，对方开始防守，因此前进很困难。因此选用inch表示“缓慢、吃力地移动”。approach“靠近”；adventure“冒险”；look“看”。
15．A.advanced B．reached
C．marched D．escaped
解析：选A 当我们前进到30码线的时候，我们的队长浑身都是土和血。reach是及物动词，不能跟to; march“行军，疾步前进”，由于对方有防守，因此我们不可能大步前进； escape“逃跑”。
16．A.anger B．water
C．dust D．shame
解析：选C 因为比赛为沙地橄榄球，因此双方比赛争斗中会把尘土(dust)弄到身上。
17．A.devotion B．command
C．pressure D．courage
解析：选B 尽管队长浑身是土和血，他仍然发着同样的命令：“在三码线处把球传给我。”command“命令”；devotion“奉献，忠诚”；pressure“压力”；courage“勇气”。
18．A.sport B．contribution
C．friendship D．lesson
解析：选D “我”没有忘记那一天和那次得到的教训。learn a lesson“得到教训”。与开头呼应。
19．A.overcome B．comforted
C．neglected D．considered
解析：选A 对痛苦的恐惧是可以克服的，学会忍受痛苦能赋予一个人克服各种困难的力量。
20．A.caution B．strength
C．anger D．advantage
解析：选B 参见上题解析。strength“力量”；caution“小心，谨慎”；anger“愤怒，生气”；advantage“优势”。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
Plant cloning has been an agricultural technique used by farmers and gardeners for centuries. Grafting (嫁接) is a common form of plant cloning. Many plants in nature actually clone themselves and reproduce asexually.
Cloned plants are much more predictable than normal plants, so their yield (产量) is more reliable. Cloned plants also reproduce faster, limiting the amount of time between planting and harvesting. It is also often cheaper to produce seeds through cloning than through traditional methods. Plants can essentially be optimized so that farmers or individual growers always have the best seeds available. With higher yield at a faster rate, farms can produce more food for more people while decreasing overall costs.
Cloning can be used to wipe out diseases that previously killed off entire fields of crops. This would make plants immune to the kinds of diseases that farmers and gardeners around the world fear each year. Crop failures due to disease and virus could become a thing of the past. Also, plants that are near extinction can be brought back to life through cloning.
Through cloning scientists can develop super fruits and vegetables of superior (更好的) nutritional quality. This could make for a healthier population overall. This has already been done through selective pollination (授粉), and genetic cloning could take it to the next level.
By plant cloning we have a population of identical plants and all these plants equally suffer from the same diseases, but in nature the weak would die and the strong would survive. While there are some dangers to consider with plant cloning, there are plenty of benefits that could prove vital to the propagation (繁衍) of the human species.
语篇解读：本文主要介绍了植物克隆的好处。
1．The underlined word “optimized” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “________”．
A．grown B．produced
C．perfected D．examined
解析：选C 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“so that farmers or individual growers always have the best seeds available”可知，optimize与perfect的意思相近。
2．According to the text, cloned plants ________.
A．have lower yield than normal plants
B．need less care from people
C．prevent various kinds of diseases
D．have a shorter growth cycle
解析：选D 细节理解题。从第二段中的“Cloned plants also reproduce faster, limiting the amount of time between planting and harvesting”可知，克隆植物的生长周期短。
3．What can we infer from the text
A．The fruits produced by cloned plants taste much better.
B．There are more cloned plants than normal plants now.
C．Plant cloning can disturb the laws of nature.
D．People should avoid eating cloned fruits.
解析：选C 推理判断题。从最后一段中的“By plant cloning we have a population of identical plants and all these plants equally suffer from the same diseases, but in nature the weak would die and the strong would survive”可知，植物克隆会破坏自然界的规律。
4．What is the main purpose of the text
A．To warn the negative effects of plant cloning.
B．To show different kinds of plant cloning.
C．To predict the future of plant cloning.
D．To introduce the advantages of plant cloning.
解析：选D 写作意图题。文章的第二、三、四段都是在介绍植物克隆的好处，所以本文的目的是介绍植物克隆的好处。
B
Crime fighters could have a new tool at hand. Researchers have developed a cutting edge technique to identify human hair. Their test is quicker than DNA analysis techniques currently used by law enforcement.
DNA testing is commonly used for identification because DNA is unique to each individual (个体). However, environmental and chemical processes can degrade DNA, limiting its usefulness over time. Protein (蛋白质) in hair, on the other hand, is more stable than DNA but can also have variations (变体) that may be unique to the individual.
“Our analysis process can be used universally，” says Ms. Huang. “One of our samples (样本) even included dyed hair and the test was 100 per cent accurate. The test was able to distinguish East Asians, Caucasians and South Asians.”
Dr. Beauchemin says she has got in touch with law enforcement agencies about using the new technology. She is also planning to collect more hair samples and continue her research with a goal of finding where exactly in the world the hair sample is from, to look for more races and determine specific age.
“We are in a very similar place with protein based identification to where DNA testing was during the early days of its development，” said chemist Brad Hart. “This method will be a game changer, and while we've made a lot of progress toward improving it, there are steps to go before this new technique is able to reach its full potential.”
语篇解读：本文主要讲述了一种新型的打击犯罪的技术——头发验证。
5．What's the main purpose of the text
A．To analyze crime scenes.
B．To distinguish different races.
C．To show the usefulness of DNA testing.
D．To introduce a new identification method.
解析：选D 写作意图题。根据第一段的第一句“Crime fighters could have a new tool at hand”和全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要介绍了一种可用于打击犯罪的新的辨别方法，即通过头发中的蛋白质进行验证，故选D。
6．Which will be the most useful in identifying a person according to Brad Hart
A．Chemical materials. B．Protein in hair.
C．DNA variations. D．Blood samples.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“This method will be a game changer”并结合第二段内容可推知，Brad Hart认为通过鉴定头发中的蛋白质来辨明一个人的身份是最有用的，故选B。game changer在此处表示“力挽狂澜者”。
7．What's the advantage of the protein based identification over DNA testing
A．Stability. B．Popularity.
C．Security. D．Convenience.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句“Protein (蛋白质) in hair, on the other hand, is more stable than DNA but can also have variations (变体) that may be unique to the individual”可知，以头发里的蛋白质为基础的检测手段与DNA检测相比最大的优势就是其稳定性，故选A。
8．What can be inferred from the last paragraph of the text
A．DNA testing will soon reach its full potential.
B．Protein based identification remains to be improved.
C．Protein based identification has replaced DNA testing.
D．DNA testing develops as rapidly as protein based identification.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“while we've made a lot of progress toward improving it, there are steps to go before this new technique is able to reach its full potential”可知，这种新技术还有待改善，故选B。PAGE
第 6 页 共 6 页
Module 5 课时跟踪检测（一） Introduction & Reading — Pre? reading
阅读理解
A
Last spring, I worked in Washington D．C. There I visited Ford's Theater and looked at Abraham Lincoln's impressive memorial (纪念碑)．But at the National Museum of Health and Medicine, my nose could almost touch pieces of the man himself: a lock of his hair, pieces of his skull and a handkerchief with his blood on it. As I stood there, I wondered, “Could we clone Abraham Lincoln？”
Since Dolly the sheep was cloned in 1996, scientists have cloned mammals from mice to mules, but we've never cloned a human. Maybe it's a horrible desire, but if we ever decided to clone someone, I would vote for Abraham Lincoln.
After Abraham Lincoln was shot, his doctors and friends collected bits of his skull and bloody pieces of cloth for autopsy (尸检). Locks of his hair were passed around like holy relics. Long before they knew about DNA, these pieces of Lincoln represented the essence (本质) of the man.
While we do have his genes, we probably don't have the entire DNA sequence needed for cloning. Sheryl Bernauer, lab supervisor for the DNA Sequencing Facility at UC Davis, said that when cells die over time, the DNA becomes less useful. The DNA in Lincoln's 145 year old bloodstains and hair is probably futile for cloning. “The hair itself would be very hard to get the entire DNA sequence from unless you have a complete follicle (毛囊)，” Bernauer said. We don't have any of Lincoln's follicles, so that's a no go.
Still, it's interesting to think about how the development of cloning has changed the way we view human remains. Humans have always honored the dead, but now we know that — in DNA at least — part of the dead lives on.
语篇解读：作者思考了我们是否可以克隆出Abraham Lincoln的问题，但目前来说条件不允许。
1．At the National Museum of Health and Medicine, the author ________.
A．touched pieces of Abraham Lincoln
B．looked at Abraham Lincoln's memorial
C．was asked about cloning Abraham Lincoln
D．saw something belonging to Abraham Lincoln's body
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段的“But at the National Museum of Health and Medicine ...a lock of his hair, pieces of his skull and a handkerchief with his blood on it.”可知，作者在那里看到了一些林肯身上的东西。
2．Why were bits of Abraham Lincoln's skull and bloody pieces of cloth collected
A．To remember him.
B．To learn about his death.
C．To store for cloning in the future.
D．To be passed around like saintly relics.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第三段的“his doctors and friends collected bits of his skull and bloody pieces of cloth for autopsy (尸检)”可知，是为了了解Abraham Lincoln的死因。
3．What does the underlined word “futile” in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Useless. B．Interesting.
C．Exciting. D．Necessary.
解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“The hair itself would be very hard ... a complete follicle (毛囊)”可知，该词是指那些血迹和头发里的DNA可能已经“没用”了。
4．It's implied in Paragraph 4 that a complete follicle________.
A．doesn't have cells that die over time
B．is in Abraham Lincoln's remains
C．doesn't tell well about someone's genes
D．has one's entire DNA sequence
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第四段的“The hair itself would be very hard to get the entire DNA sequence from unless you have a complete follicle”可知，完整的毛囊里面有完整的基因序列。
B
If you want to stay young, sit down and have a good think. This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors, who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exercise — and as a result, we are ageing unnecessarily soon.
Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of ageing could be slowed down.
With a team of colleagues at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations.
Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain, which relate to intellect (智力) and emotion, and determine the human character. (The rear section of the brain, which controls functions like eating and breathing, does not contract with age, and one can continue living without intellectual or emotional faculties.)
Contraction of front and side parts — as cells die off — was observed in some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in some sixty year olds and seventy year olds.
Matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is a simple remedy to the contraction normally associated with age — using the head.
The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns. Those least at risk, says Matsuzawa, are lawyers, followed by university professors and doctors. White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm workers, bus drivers and shop assistants.
Matsuzawa's findings show that thinking can prevent the brain from shrinking. Blood must circulate properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the brain cells need. “The best way to maintain good blood circulation is through using the brain，” he says, “Think hard and engage in conversation. Don't rely on pocket calculators.”
语篇解读：一项研究表明多思考、多用脑会让人老得慢一些。
5．The team of doctors wanted to find out ________.
A．why certain people age sooner than others
B．how to make people live longer
C．the size of certain people's brains
D．which people are most intelligent
解析：选A 细节理解题。由第二段可知医生们想要弄清楚为什么一些人比其他人老得更快。
6．On what are their research findings based
A．A survey of farmers in northern Japan.
B．Tests performed on a thousand old people.
C．The study of brain volumes of different people.
D．The latest development of computer technology.
解析：选C 细节理解题。由第三段“... he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations.”可知选C。
7．The doctors' test shows that ________.
A．our brains shrink as we grow older
B．the front section of the brain does not shrink
C．sixty year olds have better brains than thirty year olds
D．some people's brains have contracted more than other people's
解析：选D 细节理解题。由倒数第二段“The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns.”可知医生们的测试发现，一般而言，乡下人比城市里的人的大脑萎缩得更早。故选D。
8．The word “subjects” in Paragraph 5 means “________”．
A．something to be considered
B．branches of knowledge studied
C．persons chosen to be studied in an experiment
D．any member of a state except the supreme ruler
解析：选C 词义猜测题。由画线词后的“...but it was still not evident in some sixty year olds and seventy year olds.”可知“subjects”指的是被选入实验做研究的人。故选C。
C
The Hall of Presidents is about to get terrible, at least if Disney's researchers get their way.That's because they're face cloning people at a laboratory in Zurich in order to create the most realistic animatronic (电子动物的) characters ever made.First of all, yes, Disney has a laboratory in Zurich.It's one of the six around the world where the company researches things like computer pictures, 3D technology and, I can only imagine, how to absorb money out of your pocket at most when you visit Disneyworld.
What does physical face cloning involve Researchers used video cameras to catch several expressions on a subject's face, recreating them in 3D computer models down to individual wrinkles and facial hair.They then experimented with different thicknesses of silicone (硅树脂) for each part of the face until they could create an example for the perfect synthetic (合成的) skin.
They put that silicone skin on a 3D printed model of the subject's head to create their very own replica. As the authors of the study point out, it's not all that different from creating a 3D model for a Pixar movie, except that in real life you have to worry about things like materials and the motors that make the face change expressions.
The plan is to develop a complete process for making the physical reproduction (复制品) of a human face on animatronics equipment, meaning all you'll have to do in the future is record a person's face and the computer will do the rest. This is a different process than the one used to make the famous Geminoid robots from Osaka University, whose skin is individually made by artists through experiments and mistakes.
In order to give the researchers more degrees of freedom in copying facial expressions, the next step is to develop more advanced equipment and multi layered synthetic skin. That means next time you go on the Pirates of the Caribbean ride, don't be surprised to see a terrifyingly realistic Johnny Depp bot playing with an appropriately dead eyed Orlando Bloom.
语篇解读：本文主要介绍了当今克隆面部表情的一些信息。
9．According to the passage, Disney's laboratory researchers
are able to ________.
A．clone people freely
B．create the real animals
C．develop computer technology
D．make visitors spend more money
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“...I can only imagine, how to absorb money out of your pocket at most when you visit Disneyworld.”可知，“我”能想象到当你参观迪斯尼世界的时候，迪斯尼会从你的口袋里最大限度地捞钱。由此可推出，迪斯尼的研究者们可以让游客进入迪斯尼世界后最大限度地掏钱消费。
10．What equipment do researchers need to start their “face cloning”？
A．Video phones and 3D films.
B．Video cameras and 3D computer models.
C．3D TVs and Video cameras.
D．Computers and 3D TVs.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Researchers used video cameras to catch several expressions on a subject's face, recreating them in 3D computer models down to individual wrinkles and facial hair.”可知，研究人员利用摄影机来捕捉一个实验对象的几个脸部表情，然后在3D计算机模型上重新创造个体的皱纹和面部毛发。由此可知，研究人员制作面部表情需要的设备是摄影机和3D计算机模型。
11．What does the underlined word “replica” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．A copy of the original.
B．A new subject's head.
C．A changed subject's head.
D．A changed silicone skin.
解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“They put that silicone skin on a 3D printed model of the subject's head to create their very own ...”可知，他们把硅树脂做的皮肤压制在实验对象头部的3D打印模型上是为了创造他们自己的复制品。由此可猜测出画线单词的含义为“复制品”。
12．What's the main idea of this passage
A．Some information about face cloning.
B．The process of making face cloning.
C．Some new information about Disney.
D．Where to buy face cloning products.
解析：选A 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了当今克隆面部表情的一些信息。
