国际音标与自然拼读发音总结课件(共96张PPT)

(共96张PPT)
International Phonetic Alphabet
？？？
Ask and answer:
为什么要学习音标？
1. 发音准确，说地道的英语
2. 拼读法记忆单词
3. 提高学生的自主学习性，增加词汇量
4. 整体语感提高
音素和国际音标
1．什么是音素：音素是语音的最小单位。
2．音素的分类：元音和辅音。
3．音素的个数：共48个，元音音素20个，
辅音音素28个。
4．什么是音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。
5．什么是国际音标：国际音标是由国际语音
协会规定的一套音标，用来
记录世界各主要语言的语音。
音标
元音
辅音
单元音
双元音
清辅音
浊辅音
长元音
短元音
48
Pronunciation
International Phonetic Alphabet
元
音
辅
音
单
双
清
浊
[a:]
另
[ :]
[ :]
[i:]
[u:]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[e]
长
短
[a ]
[e ]
[a ]
[ ]
[ ]
[e ]
[ ]
[ ]
[p]
[b]
[t]
[d]
[k]
[g]
[f]
[v]
[θ]
[ ]
[s]
[z]
[ts]
[dz]
[tr]
[dr]
[ ]
[ ]
[t ]
[d ]
[l]
[m]
[n]
[ ]
[r]
[h]
[j]
[w]
he she these evening me
feel sheep meet tree green
eat read easy teacher please
[i:]
e
ee
ea
big fish sing his family
pretty jacket elephant forest eraser
[ ]
i
e
pretty happy twenty busy city
y
pen pencil pick hope pig
[p]
p
bed book bike problem baby
[b]
b
pretty today tomato tired together
[t]
t
do today kind good salad
[d]
d
[i:]
[ ]
[t]
[d]
e
i
t
d
ee
ea
e
[p]
p
[b]
b
y
International Phonetic Alphabet
元
音
辅
音
单
双
清
浊
[a:]
另
[ :]
[ :]
[i:]
[u:]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[e]
长
短
[a ]
[e ]
[a ]
[ ]
[ ]
[e ]
[ ]
[ ]
[p]
[b]
[t]
[d]
[k]
[g]
[f]
[v]
[θ]
[ ]
[s]
[z]
[ts]
[dz]
[tr]
[dr]
[ ]
[ ]
[t ]
[d ]
[l]
[m]
[n]
[ ]
[r]
[h]
[j]
[w]
Day 2 part I
bed leg egg welcome pen
bread head heavy weather leather
[e]
e
ea
and bag black family have
[ ]
a
cake name make table same
day gray play say way
tail paint train wait rain
[e ]
a
ai
ay
they
ey
kite ask walk week dark
cake call cook cold cap
[k]
k
c
Jack back clock packet ticket
school Christmas
ck
ch
game garden girl go good
[g]
g
gg
egg
[k]
[e ]
[ ]
[e]
a
e
ea
[g]
a
ai
ay
ey
k
c
ck
ch
g
gg
International Phonetic Alphabet
元
音
辅
音
单
双
清
浊
[a:]
另
[ :]
[ :]
[i:]
[u:]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[e]
长
短
[a ]
[e ]
[a ]
[ ]
[ ]
[e ]
[ ]
[ ]
[p]
[b]
[t]
[d]
[k]
[g]
[f]
[v]
[θ]
[ ]
[s]
[z]
[ts]
[dz]
[tr]
[dr]
[ ]
[ ]
[t ]
[d ]
[l]
[m]
[n]
[ ]
[r]
[h]
[j]
[w]
Day 2 part II
bird girl sir shirt
her
turtle nurse burglar
[ :]
ir
er
ur
word worker work
or
after brother ruler water
doctor mirror
[ ]
er
or
umbrella mother cousin but young
[ ]
u/ou/o
[ :]
[ ]
[ ]
ir
er
ur
or
er
or
u
ou
o
make many me room name
[m]
m
name near now fine
knee knife knock know
[n]
n
kn
pink drink thank monkey
long sing evening wrong
[ ]
ng
nk
[m]
m
[n]
n
kn
[ ]
nk
ng
[p]
[i:]
[b]
[ ]
[e]
[ ]
[t]
[d]
p
e
d
a
ee
ea
i
b
t
a
International Phonetic Alphabet
元
音
辅
音
单
双
清
浊
[a:]
另
[ :]
[ :]
[i:]
[u:]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[e]
长
短
[a ]
[e ]
[a ]
[ ]
[ ]
[e ]
[ ]
[ ]
[p]
[b]
[t]
[d]
[k]
[g]
[f]
[v]
[θ]
[ ]
[s]
[z]
[ts]
[dz]
[tr]
[dr]
[ ]
[ ]
[t ]
[d ]
[l]
[m]
[n]
[ ]
[r]
[h]
[j]
[w]
Day 3
father car fast glass park
[a:]
a/ar
horse for ball small short
[ :]
or/al
not on sorry box dog
[ ]
o
do who whose
ruler June
too cool food moon room school
[u:]
o
oo
u
you group
ou
blue true
ue
put push sugar full
[u]
u
look wood foot good cook book
oo
[ :]
[u]
or
al
ou
u
oo
[a:]
a
ar
[u:]
o
oo
u
[ ]
o
ue
family father photo elephant fish
[f]
f/ph
lovely river give clever very
[v]
v/ve
[f]
[v]
f
ph
v
ve
International Phonetic Alphabet
元
音
辅
音
单
双
清
浊
[a:]
另
[ :]
[ :]
[i:]
[u:]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[e]
长
短
[a ]
[e ]
[a ]
[ ]
[ ]
[e ]
[ ]
[ ]
[p]
[b]
[t]
[d]
[k]
[g]
[f]
[v]
[θ]
[ ]
[s]
[z]
[ts]
[dz]
[tr]
[dr]
[ ]
[ ]
[t ]
[d ]
[l]
[m]
[n]
[ ]
[r]
[h]
[j]
[w]
Day 5
International Phonetic Alphabet
元
音
辅
音
单
双
清
浊
[a:]
另
[ :]
[ :]
[i:]
[u:]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[e]
长
短
[a ]
[e ]
[a ]
[ ]
[ ]
[e ]
[ ]
[ ]
[p]
[b]
[t]
[d]
[k]
[g]
[f]
[v]
[θ]
[ ]
[s]
[z]
[ts]
[dz]
[tr]
[dr]
[ ]
[ ]
[t ]
[d ]
[l]
[m]
[n]
[ ]
[r]
[h]
[j]
[w]
Day 4
Part 1
I child like smile behind
by fly why sky cry
bright high night right tonight
[a ]
i
igh
y
tie pie
ie
toy boy
noise toilet
[ ]
oy
oi
cloud house about loud
[a ]
ou
brown how now cow
ow
cold home no close
know slow show throw
boat coat road soap
[ ]
o
ow
oa
[a ]
[ ]
[a ]
[ ]
i
igh
y
ie
oy
oi
ou
ow
o
ow
oa
sorry hats say same son
class dress grass Miss
[s]
s
ss
city bicycle face nice
c
ce
easy close is his please
[z]
s
z
zebra zero zoo
month something birthday think thing
[θ]
th
together then another leather weather
[ ]
th
[s]
[z]
s
ss
c
s
z
[ ]
th
[θ]
th
Read as fast as you can!
[ :]
[i:]
[u:]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[e]
[p]
[b]
[t]
[d]
[k]
[g]
[s]
[z]
International Phonetic Alphabet
元
音
辅
音
单
双
清
浊
[a:]
另
[ :]
[ :]
[i:]
[u:]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[e]
长
短
[a ]
[e ]
[a ]
[ ]
[ ]
[e ]
[ ]
[ ]
[p]
[b]
[t]
[d]
[k]
[g]
[f]
[v]
[θ]
[ ]
[s]
[z]
[ts]
[dz]
[tr]
[dr]
[ ]
[ ]
[t ]
[d ]
[l]
[m]
[n]
[ ]
[r]
[h]
[j]
[w]
Day 4
Part 2
dear ear hear near
[ ]
ear
beer
eer
air chair hair pair
bear pear wear
[e ]
air
ear
poor
sure
[ ]
oor
ure
[ ]
[e ]
[ ]
ear
eer
air
ear
oor
ure
shine sheep short fish ship
[ ]
sh
pleasure usually television
[ ]
sure
sua
sion
[ ]
[ ]
sh
sure
sua
sion
have house head high how
[h]
h
who whole whose
wh
rice rose red read ready
[r]
r
wr
write wrong
[h]
[r]
h
r
wr
wh
Read as fast as you can!
[ :]
[ ]
[u:]
[ ]
[θ]
[ ]
[ ]
[e]
[ ]
[ ]
[t]
[ ]
[h]
[r]
[s]
[e ]
[ :]
[a:]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[v]
[a ]
International Phonetic Alphabet
元
音
辅
音
单
双
清
浊
[a:]
另
[ :]
[ :]
[i:]
[u:]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[e]
长
短
[a ]
[e ]
[a ]
[ ]
[ ]
[e ]
[ ]
[ ]
[p]
[b]
[t]
[d]
[k]
[g]
[f]
[v]
[θ]
[ ]
[s]
[z]
[ts]
[dz]
[tr]
[dr]
[ ]
[ ]
[t ]
[d ]
[l]
[m]
[n]
[ ]
[r]
[h]
[j]
[w]
Day 5
chair child chip peach which
[t ]
ch
catch kitchen watch
tch
jeans jar juice jacket jazz
[d ]
j
orange change large page cage
ge
fridge bridge
dge
students baskets shirts cats jackets
[ts]
ts
birds hands cards beds friends
[dz]
ds
tree trousers traffic try
[tr]
tr
draw drink dry driver
[dr]
dr
[t ]
[d ]
[ts]
[dz]
ch
j
ts
ds
tr
dr
dge
ge
tch
[tr]
[dr]
International Phonetic Alphabet
元
音
辅
音
单
双
清
浊
[a:]
另
[ :]
[ :]
[i:]
[u:]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[e]
长
短
[a ]
[e ]
[a ]
[ ]
[ ]
[e ]
[ ]
[ ]
[p]
[b]
[t]
[d]
[k]
[g]
[f]
[v]
[θ]
[ ]
[s]
[z]
[ts]
[dz]
[tr]
[dr]
[ ]
[ ]
[t ]
[d ]
[l]
[m]
[n]
[ ]
[r]
[h]
[j]
[w]
Day 6
lamb girl left light glass
[l]
l
ball wall
ll
yellow your yes yesterday young
[j]
y
use unit
u
wait walk want sweet swim
[w]
w
what when where which why
wh
International Phonetic Alphabet
元
音
辅
音
单
双
清
浊
[a:]
另
[ :]
[ :]
[i:]
[u:]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[e]
长
短
[a ]
[e ]
[a ]
[ ]
[ ]
[e ]
[ ]
[ ]
[p]
[b]
[t]
[d]
[k]
[g]
[f]
[v]
[θ]
[ ]
[s]
[z]
[ts]
[dz]
[tr]
[dr]
[ ]
[ ]
[t ]
[d ]
[l]
[m]
[n]
[ ]
[r]
[h]
[j]
[w]
1. 5个辅音字母在单词中发音是有变化的：
你可以通过口诀背诵：
月(Cc) 如钩(Gg)，求(Qq)你别(Xx)睡在上(Ss)面了。
1．字母Cc的发音规律：
在何时 发音 例词
在字母 “e”, “i”, “y”前 / / face/ /, city/ /, Lucy/ /
不在字母“e”, “i”, “y”前 / / cake/ /, cup/ /, act / /
2. 字母Gg的发音规律：
在何时 发音 例词
在字母 “e”, “i”, “y”前 / /或/ / age/ /, get/ /, gift / / gym/ /, foggy/ /
不在字母“e”, “i”, “y”前 / / game/ /, go/ /, gum/ /
3. 字母Qq的发音规律：
qu / kw / quiet question quick
辅音字母在单词中的发音
2. 15个辅音字母在单词中发音规律是不变的：
它们是：Ff, Ll, Mm, Nn, Bb, Dd, Jj, Kk，Pp, Tt, Vv, Zz, Hh, Ww, Rr。
3. 半元音Yy 的发音有变化。
s
k
d
g
g
4. 字母Xx的发音规律：
在何时 发音 例词
不做前缀“ex”时 / / box/ /, fox/ /, fix / /
5. 字母Ss的发音规律：
在何时 发音 例词
在词首 / / sad/ /, six/ /, same / /
两个ss / / miss/ /, glass/ /, kiss / /
在元音后 / / 或/ / has/ /, gas/ /, rise/ /
6. 半元音Yy 的发音规律。
在何时 发音 例词
y前是辅音字母 / / (发音等同于字母i ) by/ /, my/ /, cry/ /
y后是元音字母 / / yes/ /, yet/ /
ks
s
s
s
z
a
j
-s或-es的不同发音：
一般遵循以下发音规则：
1. 如果名词词尾的发音是一个清辅音（/S/, / /, /t /除外），-s发/s/的音，如books, suits
2. 如果名词结尾的发音是一个浊辅音（/Z/, / /, /d /除外）或元音，-s发/z/的音，如ties, dogs
3. 如果名词结尾的发音是/s/, /z/, / /, / /, /t /, /d /，-s发/ z/的音，如dresses, blouses
Review
1个辅音
1个元音
拼读音
[i:t]
[ke]
[f ]
[ v]
[b t]
辅音在前，元音在后
[me k]
[st nd]
[s]
+[p]
+[t]
+[k]
+[tr]
(sb)
(sd)
(sg)
(sdr)
仅读音发生变化
写法不做任何改变
[desk]
[grɑ:sp]
如果后面没有元音，就不存在浊化的问题，依旧发清辅音。
Have a try
[st nd]
[ska ]
[spi:k]
[stra k]
[r sk]
[kr sp]
Analysis --- IPA
Review
International Phonetic Alphabet
元
音
辅
音
单
双
清
浊
[a:]
另
[ :]
[ :]
[i:]
[u:]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[e]
长
短
[a ]
[e ]
[a ]
[ ]
[ ]
[e ]
[ ]
[ ]
[p]
[b]
[t]
[d]
[k]
[g]
[f]
[v]
[θ]
[ ]
[s]
[z]
[ts]
[dz]
[tr]
[dr]
[ ]
[ ]
[t ]
[d ]
[l]
[m]
[n]
[ ]
[r]
[h]
[j]
[w]
回顾已经学过的48个音标，对元音和辅音做出区分。
Review
1辅音
1元音
拼读音
[i:t]
[ke]
[f ]
[ v]
[b t]
辅音在前，元音在后
回顾辅音在前元音在后即为拼读音，并练习巩固。
[me k]
[st nd]
复习拼读音，并由此引入今天的新授内容“浊化”。
[s]
+[p]
+[t]
+[k]
+[tr]
(sb)
(sd)
(sg)
(sdr)
仅读音发生变化
写法不做任何改变
1、强调“兄弟音”浊化，并一一对应；
2、仅仅是读音上发生变化，写法不变
[desk]
[grɑ:sp]
如果后面没有元音，就不存在浊化的问题，依旧发清辅音。
强调结尾音不变，防止混淆。
Have a try
[st nd]
[ska ]
[spi:k]
[stra k]
[r sk]
[kr sp]
学以致用，讲练结合。
Review
International Phonetic Alphabet
元
音
辅
音
单
双
清
浊
[a:]
另
[ :]
[ :]
[i:]
[u:]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[e]
长
短
[a ]
[e ]
[a ]
[ ]
[ ]
[e ]
[ ]
[ ]
[p]
[b]
[t]
[d]
[k]
[g]
[f]
[v]
[θ]
[ ]
[s]
[z]
[ts]
[dz]
[tr]
[dr]
[ ]
[ ]
[t ]
[d ]
[l]
[m]
[n]
[ ]
[r]
[h]
[j]
[w]