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课时跟踪检测（二） Introduction & Reading — Language Points
Ⅰ.根据提示写出单词的正确形式
1．Please store the bottle of medicine in the shade (阴凉处)．
2．The Olympic Games will have good and bad effects (影响) on the host city.
3．But they looked forward, too, by opening new frontiers (领域) in the arts.
4．I like to read the works (作品) of Shakespeare.
5．Life in a small town could be deadly dull (枯燥的)．
6．He took a subjective (subject) view of the problem.
7．It is said that the new company is in great need of skilled(skill) workers.
8．Basically (basic), I agree with your suggestion, but there are still a few points I'd like to discuss with you.
9．A loud and disturbing (disturb) noise came from upstairs.
10．It seems to me that money is a strong motivation (motivate) for people.
Ⅱ.选词填空
in short， hand in hand， contrast with， for all time， compared with/to， wake up， as well as， in the shade
1.The children walked down the street hand_in_hand.
2．In_short,_I am interested in all of the sports.
3．Tom as_well_as his friends is dying to visit China.
4．The incident woke_up memories of his past sufferings.
5．During outdoor activities, keep younger children in_the_shade as much as possible.
6．This white peak contrasts_with the blue sky finely.
7．Friends you meet in the school days will hold you for_all_time.
8．I think your prices are much too high, compared_with/to those of other suppliers.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．这肉尝起来似乎已经坏了。
This meat tastes_as_if it has already gone bad.
2．据说他已写了一本有关工人的新书。
He is_said_to_have_written a new book about workers.
3．这个计划旨在激励员工更加卓有成效地工作。
The plan is designed to motivate_employees_to_work more efficiently.
4．我非常乐意用我的车带你去那儿。
I'm more_than_happy to take you there in my car.
5．父母对孩子的行为有最深远的影响。
Parents have_the_greatest_effect_on their children's behaviour.
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
Local officials in Beijing promised to further protect the city's cultural heritage (遗产), in particular the narrow streets known as Hutong.
Hutongs are commonly found in the cities of North China, but they are at risk. Beijing is currently believed to have fewer than 1,000 Hutongs, most of which are near the Forbidden City. Only 60 years ago, the number was 3,250. In the
old districts of Dongcheng and Xicheng, some people will be asked to move from Hutong houses to avoid further damage to the ancient architecture.
“On average more than 100,000 people visit the Forbidden City during the National Day holidays. The visits put pressure on the protection of cultural relics，” said the director of the Beijing Municipal Commission of Urban Planning, adding that Hutongs should be protected from human damage.
The government focused on how the protection plans were carried out and how the management of cultural heritage worked. The head of the Xicheng district government, said the area has 182 cultural relics, many of which were built as far back as the Yuan Dynasty (1271－1368). “The most efficient way is to decrease the local population to reduce the possibility of causing harm to the heritage.”
“Each community has been required to report the status of its cultural heritage, especially Hutongs, and any actions to damage the heritage will be punished.”
No one knows for sure how many Hutongs will be left in the coming 100 years.
语篇解读：北京的胡同已不再是小小的街道，它承载着北京几百年的历史和文化。本文主要介绍了北京胡同的历史、现状及政府的保护措施。
1．How many Hutongs have disappeared in the past sixty years in Beijing
A．Fewer than 1,000. B．About 2,000.
C．More than 3,000. D．Over 4,000.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Beijing is currently believed to have fewer than 1,000 Hutongs, most of which are near the Forbidden City. Only 60 years ago, the number was 3,250.”可知，北京胡同的数量由60年前的3 250 条减少至现在的不到1 000条，共减少了大约2 000条。故选B项。
2．According to Paragraph 3, which of the following is the main reason for the damage to cultural relics
A．People's activity.
B．Residents' attitude.
C．Communities' behavior.
D．The governments' policy.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The visits put pressure on the protection of cultural relics”和“Hutongs should be protected from human damage”可知，文化遗迹遭到破坏的主要因素是人们的活动。
3．Which of the following is a useful way to protect Hutongs
A．To attract more visitors.
B．To forbid everyone from getting close to it.
C．To increase the local population.
D．To punish anyone damaging it.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“... any actions to damage the heritage will be punished.”可知，加大对破坏胡同行为的惩罚是保护胡同比较有用的措施，故选D项。
4．What is the author's attitude toward Hutongs
A．Optimistic. B．Pessimistic.
C．Uninterested. D．Appreciative.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段“No one knows for sure how many Hutongs will be left in the coming 100 years.”可知，作者对胡同未来的命运深感担忧，持悲观态度。
B
The French word renaissance means rebirth.It was first used in 1855 by the historian Jules Michelet in his History of France, then adopted by historians of culture, by art historians, and eventually by music historians, all of whom applied it to European culture during the 150 years spanning 1450－1600.The concept of rebirth was appropriate to this period of European history because of the renewed interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture that began in Italy and then spread throughout Europe.Scholars (学者) and artists of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries wanted to restore the learning and ideals of the classical civilisations of Greece and Rome.To these scholars this meant a return to human — as opposed to spiritual values.Fulfillment in life — as opposed to concern about an afterlife — became a desirable goal, and expressing the entire range of human emotions and enjoying the pleasures of the senses were no longer frowned_on.Artists and writers now turned to secular (不朽的) as well as religious subject matter and sought to make their works understandable and appealing.
These changes in outlook deeply affected the musical culture of the Renaissance period — how people thought about music as well as the way music was composed, experienced, discussed, and circulated.They could see the architectural monuments, sculptures, plays, and poems that were being rediscovered, but they could not actually hear ancient music — although they could read the writings of classical philosophers, poets, essayists, and music theorists that were becoming available in translation.They learned about the power of ancient music to move the listener and wondered why modern music did not have the same effect.For example, the influential religious leader Bernardino Cirillo expressed disappointment with the learned music of his time.He urged musicians to follow the example of the sculptors, painters, architects, and scholars who had rediscovered ancient art and literature.
The musical Renaissance in Europe was more a general cultural movement and state of mind than a specific set of musical techniques.Furthermore, music changed so rapidly during this century and a half — though at different rates in different countries — that we cannot define a single Renaissance style.
语篇解读：本文主要讲述的是欧洲文艺复兴的发展，特别介绍了音乐风格的发展变化。
5．Thinkers of the Renaissance were seeking a rebirth of________.
A．spirituality in everyday life
B．communication among artists
C．a cultural emphasis on human values
D．religious themes in art
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段第五、六句可知，文艺复兴时期的思想家寻求的是对人的价值的重视。
6．The underlined phrase “frowned on” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “________”．
A．given up B．forgotten about
C．argued about D．disapproved of
解析：选D 词义猜测题。frown on为固定搭配，意为“对……皱眉头；对……不认同”。因此D项正确。
7．Which of the following is TRUE about the music of ancient Greece and Rome
A．Its effect on listeners was described in a number of classical texts.
B．It was played on instruments that are familiar to modern audiences.
C．It expressed more different ideals than classical sculpture, painting and poetry.
D．It had the same effect on Renaissance audiences as it had when originally performed.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第二段第二、三句可知，文艺复兴时期虽然人们可以看到重新发现的历史性的建筑、雕塑、戏剧和诗歌，却听不到古音乐，但是他们可以看到经翻译后的古典哲学家、诗人作家和音乐理论家的书面作品。故A项为正确答案。
8．Bernardino Cirillo was disappointed with the music of his time because________.
A．it did not contain enough religious themes
B．it had little emotional impact on audiences
C．it was not complex enough to appeal to musicians
D．it was too dependent on the art and literature of his time
解析：选B 推理判断题。从第二段最后的描述中可以看出，Bernardino Cirillo对他那个时代音乐非常失望，敦促音乐家向古代雕塑家、画家、建筑师和学者学习，重新发掘经典音乐，这说明他认为他那个时代的音乐缺少打动人心的力量。
Ⅴ.阅读七选五
Eyes Can Speak
Much meaning can be conveyed, clearly, with our eyes, so it is often said that eyes can speak.
__1__ In a bus you may look at a stranger, but not for too long. And if he senses that you are staring at him, he may feel uncomfortable.
The same is true in our daily life. If you are stared at for more than necessary, you will look at yourself up and down to see if there is anything wrong with you. __2__ Eyes do speak, right
Looking too long at someone may seem to be rude and aggressive. __3__ If a man stares at a woman for more than 10 seconds and refuses to look away from her, his intentions are obvious.He wishes to attract her attention and let her know that he is admiring her.
However, when two people are engaged in a conversation, the speaker will only look into the listener's eyes from time to time to make sure that the listener does pay attention to what the former is speaking. __4__ If a speaker looks at you continuously when speaking as if trying to control you, you will feel awkward. A poor liar usually exposes himself by looking too long at the victim. He wrongly believes that looking straight in the eye is a sign of honest communication. __5__
Actually, eye contact should be made based on specific relationships and situations.
A．On the contrary, it will give him away.
B．Do you have such kind of experience
C．That's what normal eye contact is all about.
D．Actually, continuous eye contact is limited to lovers only.
E．After all, nobody likes to be stared at for quite a long time.
F．But things are different when it comes to staring at the opposite sex.
G．If nothing goes wrong, you will feel annoyed at being stared at that way.
语篇解读本文具体介绍了在不同的情况下，不同关系的人之间要做不同的眼神交流。因为我们的眼睛可以清楚地传达出我们的想法，所以说眼睛会说话。
1．解析：选B 该空后面两句话是说在公共汽车上盯着陌生人看的情况。B项意为 “你有过这样的经历吗？”，设空处提出问题，紧接着给出回答，上下文语义连贯。故选B项。
2．解析：选G 根据上一句中的“to see if there is anything wrong with you (去看看是不是自己哪里有问题)”可知，G项“如果没有什么问题，别人用那样的方式盯着你会让你感到恼怒。”符合语境。故选G项。
3．解析：选F 根据设空处后的“If a man stares at a woman ... are obvious.”可知，F项“但是如果盯着异性，那就要另当别论了。”起到了承上启下的作用，故选F项。
4．解析：选C 该空上一句主要讲在两个人交谈的时候，要不时地进行眼神交流以确保对方在注意听你说话。C项意为“那就是正常的眼神交流。”，句中That 指代的就是上一句所说内容，语意连贯。故选C项。
5．解析：选A 空前讲的是一个说谎的人错误地认为一直看着对方能够表现出自己的诚实。A项“那样反而出卖了他。”符合语境。故选A项。
Ⅵ.课时微写作(根据汉语提示完成小作文)
Mr Li is 1.more_than (不仅仅) my teacher; he is also my friend. He often 2.motivates_me_to_study_hard (激励我努力学习). However, I failed in the last exam, which 3.made_me_disturbed (使我不安) and I suffered from the 4.effect (影响) of little sleep. A few days later, Mr Li asked me to go to his office after class, where he didn't criticize me but gave me some advice, which is 5.of_great_help (有很大的帮助) to my study. I think I can do better in the next exam with Mr Li helping me.PAGE
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课时跟踪检测（三） Other Parts of the Module
Ⅰ.根据提示写出单词的正确形式
1．The enemy soldier fled (逃跑) with the tail between its legs.
2．You should seek (寻求) some advice from your teacher on the problem.
3．I have no reason to suspect (怀疑) her honesty.
4．Water is not a proper substitute (替代品) for wine.
5．There are also tools for squeezing (挤出) lemons and oranges and for opening cans.
6．He accepted this job merely (mere) for the high salary.
7．Generally speaking, a gifted (gift) child has special abilities in a particular area.
8．When asked where her inspiration of the novel came from, she said her father's inspiring words inspired her to write it.(inspire)
9．The idea of a holiday abroad is surely appealing (appeal)．
10．A quick calculation (calculate) revealed that we would make no profit.
Ⅱ.选词填空
depend on， in history， leave for， leave ... behind， appeal to， on behalf of， at liberty， up to， lead to， take up
1.Li Bai, who lived in the Tang Dynasty, is considered one of the greatest poets in_history.
2．Our manager didn't attend the conference yesterday, leading_to the guess that he was in bad condition.
3．Whether the wedding will be held outdoors depends_on the weather.
4．He is leaving_for Hong Kong tomorrow. Let's see him off at the airport.
5．The advertisement aims to appeal_to the public to save water and protect our environment.
6．The automatic bus can hold up_to twenty people a time.
7．On_behalf_of my mother, I'm writing to express her thanks to you for your generous help.
8．No children should be left_behind and every child has the equal opportunity to get an education.
9．You are at_liberty to express your opinions about the incident and no one will blame you.
10．I won't take_up any of your time.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．我们试图找一种方法使我们和周围的人相处融洽。
We seek_to_find_a_way to make us get along well with the people around us.
2．警方吁请公众保持镇静。
The police appealed_to_the_public_to_keep_calm.
3．老板怀疑他从公司拿走了电脑。
The boss suspected_him_of_taking the computer away from the company.
4．为了更便于联系我们，你最好将这张卡片放在身边。
To_make_it_easier_to_get_in_touch_with_us,_you'd better keep this card at hand.
5．学习需要热情，友谊也一样。
Study needs enthusiasm, and so_does_friendship.
Ⅳ.完形填空
I was a lovely child with a loving family. I was not a(n) __1__， but a leader in school. But what made me special was not seen from the outside: I was __2__ about life. My best trait (特点) was my personality.
At age twelve, my life had a breakdown. It was then that I developed OCD (强迫症). I was no longer the __3__ girl. I finally told my mother I was suffering from depression. I started taking medicine. __4__， the medicine did help. But one thing didn't __5__： I still was overwhelmed with depression. I still was __6__ sad and I started to believe that my life no longer __7__.
Thinking my life no longer had __8__， I decided suicide was the solution. I wrote a note to all my friends and family, expressing I was __9__ for leaving them. As I was folding the note, my eyes fell on a photograph. It was a little girl wearing a carefree smile.
It took me a few minutes to __10__ who the girl in the photo was. I __11__ couldn't believe that smiling child was me! It seemed my younger self had sent me a __12__. Right then and there I knew I couldn't __13__ myself. Once I had been a strong girl, and I had to be like that again. I swore I wouldn't only __14__ my medicine. I would fight the depression with my __15__， too.
It's been two years __16__ I recovered. The real reason I'm __17__ is that I refused to let depression __18__ my life. I learned a lifelong __19__： Never give up. Life is good. Everyone has __20__ in life, but everyone can survive. I am living proof of that.
语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。一张儿时的照片让因抑郁而感到绝望的作者重新找回了对生命的热爱。
1．A.follower B．winner
C．listener D．organizer
解析：选A 此处和下文的“leader”对应，应选follower“跟随者”。
2．A.curious B．upset
C．concerned D．enthusiastic
解析：选D 根据上下文可知，当时作者对人生充满热情。be enthusiastic
about“对……充满热情”。
3．A.beautiful B．happy
C．brave D．casual
解析：选B 根据上下文可知，此处表示作者不再是当初那个快乐的(happy)小女孩了。
4．A.After all B．In fact
C．In addition D．By chance
解析：选B 由空后的“the medicine did help”可知，此处指事实上，药的确有帮助。after all“毕竟”； in fact“事实上”； in addition“此外”； by chance“碰巧”。
5．A.matter B．occur
C．change D．arrive
解析：选C 根据空前的“But one thing didn't”以及空后的“I still was”可知，此处指但是有一件事却没有改变(change)。
6．A.occasionally B．constantly
C．naturally D．permanently
解析：选B 由上文的“I still was overwhelmed with depression”可知，作者仍然被抑郁笼罩着，因此仍然经常感到情绪低落，并开始相信她的生命变得不再重要了。constantly“持续地，经常地”。
7．A.counted B．existed
C．turned D．appeared
解析：选A 参见上题解析。count“重要”。
8．A.destination B．advantage
C．impact D．meaning
解析：选D 根据上下文的内容可知，此处指作者认为自己的人生不再有意义。meaning“意义”。
9．A.grateful B．sorry
C．responsible D．suitable
解析：选B 作者给她所有的朋友和家人写了个便条，表示她因离开他们而感到抱歉。be sorry for doing sth.“因做某事而感到抱歉/遗憾”。
10．A.explain B．assume
C．realize D．acknowledge
解析：选C 根据语境可知，此处指几分钟以后作者才意识到照片上的这个女孩是谁。realize“意识到”。
11．A.never B．only
C．still D．even
解析：选D 根据语境，此处表示作者甚至不敢相信照片中微笑着的孩子就是她自己。even“甚至”。
12．A.chance B．letter
C．greeting D．message
解析：选D 根据下文内容可知，作者决定振作起来与抑郁作斗争，故她应是从照片中得到了某种启示。send sb. a message“给某人一个启示”。
13．A.forgive B．kill
C．control D．betray
解析：选B 由上文的“I decided suicide was the solution”可知，此处应是指作者放弃了自杀这一念头。
14．A.rely on B．take over
C．bring in D．pick out
解析：选A 结合上下文可知，此处指作者发誓不再仅仅依赖药物(来治愈自己)。rely on“依赖，依靠”。
15．A.mind B．choice
C．decision D．imagination
解析：选A 根据空前的内容可知，此处表示作者也要用意志来同抑郁作斗争。
16．A.after B．since
C．before D．when
解析：选B 本句使用了“It is/has been ...since ...”结构。
17．A.educated B．praised
C．healed D．accepted
解析：选C 根据空前的“I recovered”可知，此处指作者被治愈的真正原因是她拒绝让抑郁摧毁她的人生。heal“治愈”。
18．A.ruin B．define
C．fail D．break
解析：选A 参见上题解析。ruin“摧毁，毁掉”。
19．A.memory B．story
C．lesson D．concept
解析：选C 根据语境，此处指作者得到了一个教训。learn a lesson (from)“(从……中)吸取教训”。
20．A.challenges B．promises
C．opportunities D．options
解析：选A 根据下文的“but everyone can survive”可知，此处指每个人在人生中都会遇到挑战。challenge“挑战”。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
Every February “Oscar fever” hits the entertainment community and film fans around the world, with the annual Academy Awards presentation happening a month later, when hundreds of millions of cinema lovers glue themselves to their television sets to learn who will receive the golden statuettes (小雕像)．
The Academy Awards or Oscars is an annual American awards ceremony hosted by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) to recognize excellence in cinematic achievements in the United States film industry.First presented in 1929, the awards are among the film industry's most desired prizes.
The AMPAS maintains a voting membership of 5,783 until 2012 and academy membership is divided into different branches.For most categories, members from each of the branches vote to determine the nominees (被提名的人) only in their respective categories.In the special case of Best Picture, all voting members have the right to select the nominees.In all major categories, each member votes for up to five nominees (ten for Best Picture)．From among these nominees, all academy members select the winners by secret voting.
Since the earliest years, interest in the Academy Awards has run high.The awards ceremony was first broadcast on radio in 1930 — and has had broadcast coverage ever since — and televised for the first time in 1953.It is now seen live in more than 200 countries and can be streamed live online.
How the Oscar received its nickname is not clear.A popular, but unsupported story goes that the name caught on after the Academy's Executive Director Margaret Herrick said that the statuette resembled her Uncle Oscar.Thus, the journalists and Academy staff started to refer to it by this name.Officially, the name Oscar has been used since 1939.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简单介绍了世界著名电影奖项——奥斯卡金像奖的一些情况。
1．What does “Oscar fever” indicate
A．A medical condition where one feels sick.
B．People's seeking Oscars blindly.
C．A rare phenomenon in film industries.
D．People's great interest in Oscars.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“hits the entertainment community and film fans around the world ... when hundreds of millions of cinema lovers glue themselves to their television sets to learn who will receive the golden statuettes (小雕像)”可知，“Oscar fever”表明了人们对该奖项极感兴趣。
2．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3
A．How award winners are singled out.
B．What is required of award winners.
C．Who maintains the voting membership.
D．What the academy members do.
解析：选A 段落大意题。根据该段中的“academy membership is divided into different branches.For most categories ... From among these nominees, all academy members select the winners by secret voting”可知，本段主要讲述了奥斯卡金像奖是怎么评选的，故选A项。single out“挑选出”。
3．What can we learn about the awards presentation
A．It is on annually in February.
B．The second one was first televised.
C．The first one escaped a media audience.
D．Its broadcast listeners have multiplied since 1953.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“First presented in 1929”可知，第一届奥斯卡颁奖典礼于1929年举办；根据第四段中的“The awards ceremony was first broadcast on radio in 1930 — and has had broadcast coverage ever since”可知，奥斯卡颁奖典礼首次通过收音机播送是在1930年，并且从那以后，奥斯卡颁奖典礼都被广播。由此可知，第一届奥斯卡颁奖典礼没有媒体听众。
B
The city of Florence eats, sleeps and breathes art.Examples of man's artistic genius stand on nearly every street.Dozens of museums and art shops wait to be explored.Florence, Italy, is an art lover's paradise.
During the Renaissance, Florence was a paradise for artists themselves.In fact, the Renaissance began here more than 500 years ago.Before this time, art focused completely on religious subjects.Renaissance art began to include more variety.Artists painted pictures of ordinary people.They painted scenes from history and characters from Greek and Roman myths.
Michelangelo was the greatest of Florence's artists.Visitors line up for hours at the Accademia Museum for a look at his impressive David.This 140 foot high statue (雕像) has become the ideal human figure of the Renaissance.David is an example of Michelangelo's talent for sculpting people simply, yet powerfully.
More of Michelangelo's works can be seen in the great Palazzo Vecchio.Paintings and carvings of famous Italian artists fill the palace rooms.
To get a feel of modern Florence, join the evening promenade (散步)．This traditional feature of Italian life begins around 6：00 p．m.when everyone gets off work.People stroll down the streets of central Florence to do last minute shopping or just chat with friends.Be sure to stroll past Perche Noi, home of the oldest and best ice cream in the city.
Florence has given the world many great art treasures.Some stand in gardens and squares.Others line the walls of beautiful palaces.Still others are the palaces themselves.For art lovers, Florence is indeed a paradise.
语篇解读：本文描述的是佛罗伦萨到处都充满艺术气息。通过展现艺术家及作品以及博物馆、小街道等来印证这个城市的艺术地位。
4．What does the writer really want to tell us in the first paragraph
A．How to eat, sleep and breathe in Florence.
B．The surroundings and views of Florence.
C．Why many artists love Florence.
D．Florence — an art lover's paradise.
解析：选D 段落大意题。通读第一段可知，作者描写了佛罗伦萨的艺术，其目的在于引出最后一句话“Florence, Italy, is an art lover's paradise”，故选D项。
5．According to the passage, before the Renaissance, ________.
A．Florence had become the centre of art
B．ordinary people were often seen in paintings
C．religious subjects were the only contents of art
D．few people were interested in art
解析：选C 细节理解题。由第二段的“Before this time, art focused completely on religious subjects.”可知选C项。
6．From the passage we can conclude that________.
A．Michelangelo was the greatest artist in the world
B．many visitors are very interested in Michelangelo's David
C．Michelangelo's David is stored in the great Palazzo Vecchio
D．David was the only statue created by Michelangelo
解析：选B 推理判断题。由第三段的“Visitors line up for hours ...his impressive David.”可知选B项。
7．What's the best title for the passage
A．The City of Art — Florence
B．Florence's Cathedral Square
C．The Accademia Museum
D．The Renaissance
解析：选A 标题归纳题。文章第一段指出佛罗伦萨是艺术家的天堂，下文通过介绍Michelangelo的作品及遍布艺术作品的佛罗伦萨的宫殿、花园和广场来印证这一观点，故选A项。PAGE
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课时跟踪检测（一）Introduction & Reading — Pre?reading
阅读理解
A
In the later half of the 13th century, a new trend of fine arts appeared in the central part of Italy with Florence as its centre, representing the change from fine arts of Middle Ages to Renaissance art.
At that time, Florence school became the main stream of fine arts.The 14th century saw the birth of a great artist — Giotto.His art bore a striking tendency of Realism.For most people Giotto_is_the_first_name_in_European_painting_since_antiquity_(古代)．That he had breathed fresh life into painting was recognised by people of the day, and later by Ghiberti and Vasari.
Before Giotto, painting was still considered a “mechanical” art.Giotto came to occupy a position of great respect in Florence.Though he was employed by the Bardi and Peruzzi families, owners of the most important European banking houses of the day, he never limited his activity to Florence, and prestigious (声望很高的) commission in other parts of Italy kept him on the move frequently.At a time when Italy's flourishing economy made every Italian city an independent cultural and artistic centre, Giotto went beyond regional barriers and the effect of his art was felt throughout the peninsula (半岛)．
In his lifetime Giotto has raised painting to a prestigious level among the arts, to such a high level that it influenced sculpture.Italian painting can be said to have changed greatly with the appearance of Giotto than ever before.The motivation Giotto gave to the arts was so great that it determined the fate of European painting.By the middle of the fourteenth century Europe had already become aware of Giotto's new ideas, which agreed with the growing secular tendency in European society.
语篇解读：乔托，意大利杰出的画家，被认定是意大利文艺复兴时期的开创者，被誉为“欧洲绘画之父”。
1．Before the later half of the 13th century________.
A．fine arts of Middle Ages was the main stream
B．Renaissance art was the main stream
C．Florence school began to disappear
D．Giotto became a great artist
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，13世纪后半期，美术发生了很大的变化，从中世纪美术向文艺复兴美术转变。由此可判断出在13世纪前半期，中世纪美术为主流。故答案为A。
2．What does the author mean by saying “Giotto is the first name in European painting since antiquity” in Paragraph 2
A．Giotto is the artist's first name.
B．Giotto is the man who started European painting.
C．Giotto is the most important painter in Europe since antiquity.
D．Giotto is the name of a most famous European painting.
解析：选C 句意理解题。从第二段看出，本段讲述这位艺术家的巨大成就，而题目中的这句话正好支持这段的主题。所以这句话就是为了表明他在绘画界的地位。
3．From the third paragraph we can learn________.
A．Giotto thought painting was a “mechanical” art
B．Giotto didn't get great respect in Florence
C．Giotto owned European banking houses
D．Giotto's art affected the whole Italy
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据本段最后一句话“...the effect of his art was felt throughout the peninsula (半岛)”可知，他的艺术作品影响了整个意大利半岛。
4．The main theme of the passage probably is________.
A．the Renaissance in Italy
B．Giotto, a great artist
C．Florence school
D．fine arts of Middle Ages
解析：选B 主旨大意题。纵览全文可以看出本文是一篇人物介绍的文章，所以主题应是B项“乔托——一位伟大的艺术家”。
B
The late, great producer Phil Ramone worked with many famous popular singers. However, one of his albums is a little different. It's classical music, made for children.
“He actually started as a child violinist，” said Marc Neikrug, a famous classical composer who worked together with Ramone on the album, “Sunken Cathedrals，” after being introduced by Rock Positano, a doctor with a special interest in music's value to medicine. “The three of us all want to promote classical music to children.”
In the digital age when children develop surrounded by constant distractions (使人分心的事物), however, Neikrug sees a very particular value in classical music. “I'm concerned about a world in which there is an almost aggressive move to lower people's attention spans (持续时间)，” he said. “That's terrifying. How do you even absorb and learn things How do you expect kids to do well in school？”
“I think it's really important to let kids build some kind of ability to focus，” Neikrug said. “Great music can do that, because you're drawn into what you're listening to. A two or three minute music may not seem so long to concentrate on, but it's a good attention span for kids，” he said. “We picked the pieces very deliberately to be not too long.”
All of the pieces on the two part album are unadapted, complete works of classical music. “Phil, Dr. Rock and I were all completely convinced that we need little, short, beautiful pieces for kids. They happen to be really good for adults too，” he pointed out, though the words “Classics for Kids” on the cover might scare some grown people off.
This doesn't mean you should toss all of your popular music albums away or trash all the screen devices (设备) in your home. “I'm not an advocate for disregarding the reality of living in this world，” Neikrug said. “I would say someone who grows up able to focus for an hour and equally able to use the smartphone with one hand, is fine.”
语篇解读本文是一篇议论文。Neikrug与Ramone合作制作了一张儿童古典音乐专辑，他认为古典音乐能帮助孩子们培养专注力。
5．What did Marc Neikrug and Rock Positano have in common
A．They had the same career.
B．They had the same interest.
C．They had the same circle of friends.
D．They had the same number of children.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Marc Neikrug, a famous classical composer”和“Rock Positano, a doctor with a special interest in music's value to medicine. ‘The three of us all want to promote classical music to children.’”可知，Marc Neikrug和Rock Positano都对音乐感兴趣，致力于让孩子从小就听古典音乐。
6．What was Neikrug worried about
A．People's decreasing attention spans.
B．People becoming too aggressive.
C．People's low learning ability.
D．People losing faith in school.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I'm concerned about a world in which there is an almost aggressive move to lower people's attention spans (持续时间)”可知，当今世界让人们的持续关注时间不断减少，Neikrug对此表示担忧。
7．Why did Ramone and Neikrug select short pieces for the album
A．To attract distracted adults.
B．Because of their own preference.
C．To include more pieces in the album.
D．Because of kids' mental characteristics.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“... ‘A two or three minute music may not seem so long to concentrate on, but it's a good attention span for kids，’ he said. ‘We picked the pieces very deliberately to be not too long.’”可知，由于孩子的持续关注时间很短，所以Ramone和Neikrug专门选短小的曲子迎合孩子们的心智特征。
8．What does the text want to tell us
A．Popular music producers turned to classical music.
B．Classical music can coexist with digital devices.
C．It's never too late to listen to classical music.
D．Kids can benefit from classical music.
解析：选D 主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“‘I think it's really important to let kids build some kind of ability to focus，’ Neikrug said. ‘Great music can do that, because you're drawn into what you're listening to ...”可以看出，Neikrug认为古典音乐能帮助孩子们培养专注力，这也是他与Ramone合作制作儿童古典音乐专辑的原因。
C
The medieval (中世纪的) artists didn't know about perspective; they didn't want to make their people look like real individual people in a real individual scene.They wanted to show the truth, the eternal (永恒的) quality of their religious stories.So these artists didn't need to know about perspective.
In the European Renaissance period, artists wanted to show the importance of the individual person and his or her possessions and surroundings.A flat medieval style couldn't show this level of reality and the artists needed a new technique.It was the Italian artist Brunelleschi who discovered the technique of perspective drawing.At first the artists of the Renaissance only had a single point perspective.Later they realized that they could have two point perspective and still later multi point perspective.
With two point perspective they could turn an object (like a building) at an angle to the picture and draw two sides of it.The technique of perspective which seems so natural to us now is an invented technique, a part of the “grammar of painting”．Like all bits of grammar there are exceptions about perspective.For example, only vertical and horizontal surfaces seem to meet on eye level.Sloping roof tops don't meet on eye level.
For 500 years, artists in Europe made use of perspective drawing in their pictures.Nevertheless, there are a range of priorities (优先顺序) that artists in displaying individual styles.Crivelli wanted to show depth in his picture and he used a simple single point perspective.Cezanne always talked about space and volume.Van Gogh, like some of the other painters of the Impressionist period, was interested in Japanese prints.And Japanese artists until this century were always very strong designers of “flat” pictures.Picasso certainly made pictures which have volume and depth.However, he wanted to keep our eyes on the surface and to remind us that his paintings are paintings and not illusions (幻觉)．
It is technically easy to give an illusion of depth.However, a strong two dimensional design is just as important as a feeling of depth, and perhaps more important.
语篇解读：本文主要介绍了文艺复兴时期出现的透视绘画技巧及其对现代艺术的影响。
9．The passage mainly discusses________.
A．the difference between medieval and Renaissance art
B．how the technique of perspective influenced the modern art
C．the discovery of the technique of perspective
D．the contributions of Renaissance artists
解析：选B 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了文艺复兴时期出现的透视绘画技巧及其对现代艺术的影响。
10．According to the passage, which may be the main concern for medieval artists
A．The individual person and his/her possessions and surroundings.
B．Real people, real scenes.
C．Eternal timeless truth of the earth.
D．Themes of religious stories.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知中世纪的艺术家们主要从事与宗教故事有关的绘画。
11．What's the author's purpose of giving the example in Para.3
A．To explain how perspective work in painting.
B．To support two point perspective.
C．To show that there are exceptions about perspective.
D．To point out that the technique of perspective is an invented technique.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第三段可知透视法有例外之处，后面的例子就是为了说明这些例外之处。因此选C项。
12．It can be inferred from the passage that Renaissance artists________.
A．welcomed the medieval style of eternal truth
B．needed to develop a new approach towards painting to show a new level of reality
C．were inspired by vertical and horizontal surfaces in inventing the technique of perspective
D．saw two dimensional design more important than a feeling of depth
解析：选B 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文艺复兴时期的艺术家们为了展示现实发明了透视法。因此本题选B项。
