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课时跟踪检测（二） Introduction & Reading — Language Points
Ⅰ.根据提示写出单词的正确形式
1．It is the custom of this academy to make an annual (每年的) award for outstanding researchers in chemistry.
2．In face of failure, it is most important to keep up a good state (状态) of mind.
3．There has been below average rainfall (降雨量) this month.
4．An apple falls down because of gravity (重力)．
5．The sky was full of dark masses (堆，块) of clouds.
6．To live a long and healthy life, we must learn to have a balanced (balance) diet.
7．He has thought of a good idea for the promotion (promote) of his products.
8．Water was found at a depth (deep) of 30 metres.
9．The commercial (commerce) bank is willing to lend money to these customers.
10．They are working under extreme (extremely) pressure at the moment.
Ⅱ.选词填空
in particular， keep ...free from， be trapped in， set foot on， stand out， in a state of， in the form of， adapt to
1．Rescue team tried their best to save the miners who were_trapped_in the mine.
2．After the accident, I was in_a_state_of shock.
3．All the people in the country were filled with joy when their astronauts set_foot_on the moon.
4．Most students have little difficulty adapting_to college life.
5．I'm interested in stories in general, and detective stories in_particular.
6．You'd sound a lot more polite if you make a request in_the_form_of a question.
7．He stands_out among the players and I can pick him out easily.
8．Nowadays we are trying to keep our rivers free_from factory waste.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．由于考试临近，复习你的课堂笔记是个好主意。
With_exams_approaching,_it's a good idea to review your class notes.
2．直到他醒来他才意识到发生了什么。
Not until he woke up did_he_realize what had happened.
3．踏上这个岛，他声称他是第一个拥有一个岛屿的人。
Setting foot on the island, he claimed that he was the_first_man_to_own_an_island.
4．他开车太粗心了，导致了严重的事故。
He drove his car too carelessly, causing_a_serious_accident.
5．当你过这座狭窄的桥时一定要保持平衡。
When you cross the narrow bridge, you must keep_your_balance.
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
To make sure of greener development, China will combine efforts in environmental protection and ecological restoration according to the country's newly approved guideline (指导方针) for environmental protection, part of the 13th Five Year Plan (2016－2020)．
China surpassed its goal in environmental protection for the 12th Five Year Plan (2011－2015), with carbon intensity (强度) dropping by 20 percent (the intended target is 17 percent). It is a major contribution to worldwide efforts against climate change, officials said.
The new guideline stresses efforts to restore nature while reducing industrial damage to the environment. The goal is to achieve a more environmentally friendly way of living, considerable reduction in major pollutant emissions and a sounder ecological system by 2020. A good environment is a necessary part in improving people's living standards, officials said.
Statistics of a report from several Chinese universities show that more than one third of the country's industrial waste water flows directly into rivers and lakes. Water pollution within China has affected the environment, society and agriculture. It has resulted in huge economic losses. Air pollution is also one of the major problems in China. Heavy haze usually covers North and East China. Environmental issues are becoming a barrier to China's development. Besides, heavy metal pollution in soil in China is so serious that it requires us to act immediately. 10 percent of the total farmland of China has heavy metal polluted soil. The heavy metal in soil will enter into humans' food chain through grain and agricultural products.
The rapid industrialization of agriculture, expansion of the chemical industry, and the need to produce cheap forms of energy have caused the continuous release of man made organic chemicals into natural ecosystems. The guideline focuses on ecological restoration by controlling more types of pollutants than before.
语篇解读：为了保护环境，恢复生态系统，中国新颁布了一项环境保护指导方针。
1．According to the passage, the guideline ________.
A．is part of the 12th Five Year Plan of China
B．aims to improve Chinese people's living standards
C．calls for worldwide efforts against climate change and pollution
D．focuses on environmental protection as well as ecological restoration
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段“... China will combine efforts in environmental protection and ecological restoration ...”可知，指导方针要求中国在环境保护和生态修复这两方面都要付诸努力。
2．The underlined word “surpassed ” can be replaced by “________”．
A．beat B．failed
C．set D．realized
解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“... with carbon intensity (强度) dropping by 20 percent (the intended target is 17 percent). It is a major contribution to worldwide efforts against climate change, officials said.”可知，在“十二五”期间，中国的碳强度下降了20%(预定目标是17%)，在全球控制气候变化方面做出了巨大贡献。因此中国是超额完成了目标。surpass意为“超过”。
3．What does Para. 4 mainly talk about
A．The huge influence of serious pollution on China.
B．The current situation of environmental pollution in China.
C．China's achievement in fighting pollution in recent years.
D．Measures the Chinese government takes to deal with pollution.
解析：选B 段落大意题。本段分别介绍了中国的水污染、空气污染和土壤污染问题。因此本段主要是说中国当前环境污染的现状。
4．What can we know from the passage
A．Most cities in China suffer serious air pollution.
B．Water pollution is the biggest problem compared with other kinds of pollution.
C．More types of pollutants should be controlled to restore ecosystems.
D．Reducing carbon emissions is the chief goal of the 13th Five Year Plan.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The guideline focuses on ecological restoration by controlling more types of pollutants than before.”可知，为了恢复生态系统，更多类型的污染物应该被控制。
B
Antarctic seabirds are breeding (繁殖) later, because thinner sea ice is causing their food supplies to decline, a new study says.The birds, which nest in East Antarctica, have delayed their spring arrival by an average of nine days and egg laying by an average of two days over the past 50 years, according to polar researchers from the French National Center for Scientific Research in Villiers en Bois, France. Study authors Christophe Barbrand and Henri Weimerskirch attribute this later breeding activity to decrease in sea ice caused by climate change.
The researchers say the disappearing sea ice, combined with a longer sea ice season, has interfered with the birds' breeding cycle by reducing the amount of krill (磷虾) and other prey (猎物) available in early spring in Antarctica.Because Antarctica's seasons are opposite those in the Northern Hemisphere, spring on the icy continent begins in October.
The study is based on data collected at seabird colonies between 1950 and 2004 in Adélie Land, on the eastern edge of the frozen continent.
The findings were published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Of the nine species studied, some arrived up to 30 days later than they had in previous years.
Despite much later arrivals, the birds are laying their eggs at pretty much the same time as they had in the past.In the most extreme cases, birds were laying their eggs an average of 3.7 days later in the season than they were 50 years ago.
语篇解读本文主要介绍了生活在南极洲东部的海鸟推迟繁殖的原因。
5. What is the passage mainly about
A．Seabirds are breeding later in East Antarctica.
B．The amount of krill in the ocean has decreased.
C．The weather in Antarctica has changed.
D．The spring in Antarctica is beginning later.
解析：选A 主旨大意题。纵观全文，主要介绍的是现在生活在南极洲东部的海鸟的繁殖期由于气候变化而延后。
6．In which of the following months is it autumn in Antarctica
A．October. B．September.
C．November. D．June.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可推知南极6月应是秋天。
7．How many kinds of seabirds were studied by the researchers
A．Two. B．Five.
C．Nine. D．Thirty.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第五段可推知研究了九种鸟。
8．What does the underlined word “attribute”in Para.1 mean
A．Contribute. B．Cause.
C．Owe. D．Devote.
解析：选C 词义猜测题。研究者认为这种推迟的生育行为是由于气候变化海冰减少而引起的。attribute ... to ...“认为……由……引起或产生”，C项与之相符。
Ⅴ.阅读七选五
Good Money Habits
It's the right time for a financial plan. Most plans are made in extreme excitement — when you get a pay rise, or after reading a self help book. __1__ Here are some tips that will help you stay the course all year through.
·Take baby steps.
The other day a colleague said，“I have decided to wake up at 6：30 a．m., starting tomorrow.” But she usually woke up at 8：30. Two hours earlier is a difficult task. After a few days I asked her how she was progressing. Her disappointed smile said it all. __2__ If she had considered pushing the clock by 5 minutes every 10 days, she'd reach her 6：30 a．m. goal in eight months. Get the idea Now simply replace time with savings.
·Tell apart a plan and a habit.
We make plans with a conscious mind, and habits are formed so that eventually they are dealt with by our subconscious mind; and they stick. So don't be in a rush to invest (投资) your money. Go with a systematic investment plan (SIP) of a mutual fund or start a recurring deposit (RD，定期存款). As human beings, we want to progress. __3__
·Get your family's support.
__4__ If your daughter knows that she can only eat out one weekend a month because you're putting money away for a European trip in 2018, she will be much more cooperative and feel she is a part of the decision.
·__5__
Link your investment to a particular financial goal; your commitment to it will be stronger. A client decided to open an RD, but she seemed directionless about the investment. Once we suggested that she link it to her daughter's education fund, she immediately increased the amount she was investing. When you name your investment, the goal takes on a greater meaning.
A．Give your goals a meaning.
B．The charm dies down, and so does the enthusiasm.
C．It's a good idea to involve your family in your financial plan.
D．Look at them as a promise to yourself, a promise that needs to be honored.
E．I suggested that she set her alarm for 5 minutes before her regular time.
F．If you know this well in advance, you are less likely to buy an expensive mobile phone on an urge.
G．Once a habit is formed, we want to move ahead and will most probably increase the investment amount without any encouragement.
语篇解读：很多人都有理财的冲动，但如何保持好的理财习惯呢？本文给出了一些专业的理财建议。
1．解析：选B 从上句可知，人们会在极度兴奋的状态下制订理财计划，而这些时刻往往是得到加薪或读完一本自助书时。但吸引力会逐渐消逝，激情也一样，所以原来制订计划时的激情会慢慢消退，下文的建议会帮你保持全年的理财激情。故选B项。
2．解析：选E 由此空后一句可知，如果她每十天把时间提前5分钟，那她在8个月内就可以达到每天早上6：30起床的目标。E项(我建议她设置闹钟时比往常时间提前5分钟)符合语境，故选E项。
3．解析：选G 此空所在段落的主题为：分清计划和习惯。计划是刻意的，习惯是下意识的。所以不要急着投资，要制订计划，然后慢慢养成习惯。G项(一旦投资习惯养成，我们就想不断前进，并极有可能在没有任何鼓励的情况下不断增加投资数额)符合语境，故G项正确。
4．解析：选C 空处下一句指“当女儿知道你的理财计划对她有利的时候，她就会支持你的计划。”C项(让家人参与到你的理财计划中去是一个好主意)符合语境。故选C项。
5．解析：选A 从该标题下的例子可知，当毫无方向的客户把投资计划和女儿的教育联系起来时，她即刻增加了投资数额。所以投资要和某一特定目标联系起来，这样你对此目标的投入意愿就会更加强烈。故A项正确。
Ⅵ.课时微写作(根据汉语提示完成小作文)
Li Ming works in a big company. Shortly after he 1.set_foot_in (踏入) it, he 2.adapted_himself_to (使自己适应) the new environment. He works so hard that he 3.stands_out (突出) and 4.gets_promoted (获得晋升). What's more, he can 5.balance_work_and_family (平衡工作和家庭). Therefore, his wife and daughter both love him very much.PAGE
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课时跟踪检测（三） Other Parts of the Module
Ⅰ.根据提示写出单词的正确形式
1．Only the people living in the hotel have the privilege (特权) to swim here.
2．She received severe (严重的) head injuries in the accident.
3．Lifeguards are trained to deal with emergencies (紧急情况)．
4．Wear sunglasses, which can protect your eyes from the intense (强烈的) glare of the sun.
5．Tiny as my flat is, it is warm and cosy (温暖舒适的)．
6．It is not abnormal (normal) that the country can succeed in holding the Olympic Games because of its fast developing.
7．Parking can be tricky (trick) in the town center.
8．He went to an isolated (isolate) beach to be alone.
9．Inspiration (inspire) played a great part in his life of composing music.
10．It is not a reliable (reliability) source of information.
Ⅱ.选词填空
according to， except for， in detail， come up with， come into sight， discourage ...from， take a risk， leave behind， in case of， break up
1．He told us the traffic accident that happened just now in_detail.
2. In_case_of the earthquake, two thousand teachers and students can rush to the playground in two minutes.
3．The scientists are trying to come_up_with a solution to the problem.
4．His parents discouraged him from going on exploring into the mountains by himself.
5．One can't be successful in business unless one is willing to take_a_risk.
6．According_to our records, the books you have borrowed should now be returned to the library.
7．We stood at the window until their car came_into_sight.
8．Finally the country broke_up into three countries.
9．He is perfectly fit for the role except_for his height.
10．If you can't keep up with the times, you'll get left_behind.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．他明天签约是不足为怪的。
It's_no_wonder_that he will sign the contract tomorrow.
2．由于缺乏经验，这个年轻人没有按时完成任务。
In_the_absence_of_experience,_the young man didn't finish the task on time.
3．如果被当选，经验丰富的布朗先生会成为一名优秀的经理。
If_chosen,_Mr.Brown, who is rich in experience, will turn out to be an excellent manager.
4．万一有任何变动，请提前通知我。
In_case_of_any_change,_please inform me in advance.
5．这个问题是对还是错要看结果。
The_question_whether_it_is_right_or_wrong depends on the results.
Ⅳ.完形填空
It was a hot June day at McKinney Falls State Park in Austin, Texas. Sammy was on a camping trip with his parents and his brothers. He couldn't __1__ to get into the water.
With his father keeping a(n) __2__ from the rocks above, Sammy jumped in. Having played in the water for a while, he __3__ pulled himself out and watched a group of children walk above. Suddenly, a tiny five year old girl __4__ to grab a bottle and lost her balance. In an instant, she was __5__ over the falls.
Sammy caught sight of the girl's arm and the __6__ of her dark head as the water pushed her into the water __7__. She fought for life in the deep water. Sammy took a few seconds to consider the __8__， and then he dived in. He was next to the __9__ girl in a few seconds. She was __10__ and tried to climb on top of him. Sammy says, “I stayed calm, but inside, my heart was beating __11__.”
When he was an arm's __12__ away from the girl, he carefully __13__ the anxious girl onto his back and __14__ the rock wall around the edge of the waterfall toward the shore. Soon, someone pulled __15__ of them from the water with a swimming float. They were safe then.
When his mother walked onto the __16__ and saw the crowd gathering near the swimming hole, she fell into __17__. Then a woman came up and told her that Sammy had saved a little girl's life. “Sammy says he can't do it__18__，” she says. “But I know he can because of who he is.” Now a seventh grader, Sammy __19__， “I didn't really think about the __20__ when I got into the water.”
语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个失足掉进瀑布水流中的小女孩被小男孩Sammy勇敢救出的故事。
1．A.help B．pause
C．wait D．afford
解析：选C 由上文的“It was a hot June day”以及下文的“Sammy jumped in. Having played in the water for a while”可知，天气炎热，Sammy迫不及待地想到水里去。can't/couldn't wait to do sth.是固定用法，表示“迫不及待做某事”。
2．A.eye B．smile
C．gesture D．distance
解析：选A 根据常识可知，孩子在玩水时，家长应是密切注视着孩子的，故此处选eye。keep an eye“密切注视”。
3．A.unwillingly B．immediately
C．eventually D．professionally
解析：选C 根据上文的“Sammy jumped in. Having played in the water for a while”可知，此处表示Sammy跳进水中，玩了一会儿后，他终于(eventually)从水里出来了。unwillingly“不情愿地”； immediately“立刻”； professionally“专业地”。
4．A.reached down B．came up
C．turned down D．went around
解析：选A 一个五岁的小女孩俯身去捡一个瓶子，然后失去了平衡。reach down“俯身”，符合语境。come up“走近，走过来”； turn down“调小”； go around“到处走动”。
5．A.wiped B．blown
C．beaten D．swept
解析：选D 一瞬间，她就被卷入瀑布中了。这里应用sweep表示“卷走”。
6．A.image B．top
C．appearance D．sign
解析：选B 根据语境，Sammy看到的是小女孩落水之后扬起的手臂和她的头顶(top)。
7．A.beneath B．above
C．behind D．around
解析：选A 根据上文的“the water pushed her into the water”和下文的“She fought for life in the deep water”可知，此处表示小女孩被推到了水下(beneath)，即她在向下沉。
8．A.request B．operation
C．result D．situation
解析：选D 此处表示Sammy在下水救人之前先用几秒钟的时间考虑了一下眼前的情形(situation)。
9．A.challenging B．wandering
C．struggling D．thrilling
解析：选C 根据上文的“She fought for life in the deep water”可知，此处表示Sammy几秒钟后靠近了在水中挣扎的(struggling)小女孩。challenging“有挑战性的”； wandering“流浪的，漂泊的”； thrilling“激动人心的”。
10．A.blue B．panicked
C．confused D．upset
解析：选B 根据常识、小女孩在水中的表现及下文中的“the anxious girl”可知，此处应用panicked“恐慌的”描述小女孩在水中的状态。blue“沮丧的，忧郁的”。
11．A.wildly B．irregularly
C．slowly D．consciously
解析：选A 根据语境可知此处表示Sammy虽然表面上保持着冷静，但他的心在剧烈地跳着。wildly“失控地，紊乱地”。
12．A.measure B．range
C．width D．length
解析：选D 此处用an arm's length away from表示“离……有一只胳膊的长度”。length“长度”。
13．A.forced B．pulled
C．pushed D．removed
解析：选B 结合语境和生活常识判断，他把那个焦虑的小女孩拉(pulled)到自己的背上。force“强迫”， push“推”， remove“移开，去掉”，均不符合语境。
14．A.struck B．followed
C．jumped D．felt
解析：选B 此处表示Sammy沿着瀑布边的岩壁向岸边移动，因此选B表示“跟随，沿着”。
15．A.one B．another
C．either D．both
解析：选D 根据该句的“someone pulled ________ of them from the water with a swimming float”以及下文的“They were safe then”可知，此处表示有人将Sammy和那个小女孩都拉到浮板上，故选both，表示“两者都”。
16．A.edge B．platform
C．ground D．scene
解析：选D 此处表示当Sammy的妈妈来到事发现场(scene)时，她看到一群人聚集在可供游泳的水潭旁边。
17．A.pride B．embarrassment
C．silence D．fantasy
解析：选C Sammy的妈妈来到现场，看到那么多人围在那里，以为自己的儿子出事了，她一下子陷入了沉默(silence)。
18．A.alone B．again
C．then D．altogether
解析：选B 根据下文的“But I know he can because of who he is”的转折关系可知，此处指Sammy说再来一次的话他就做不到了。故选again。
19．A.admits B．denies
C．apologizes D．responds
解析：选A Sammy承认说：“我进到水里时，真的没有考虑过后果。”根据句意可知，这里用admit表示“承认”。
20．A.effects B．consequences
C．fame D．condition
解析：选B 参见上题解析。consequence“后果”，符合语境。effect“影响”； fame“名声”； condition“条件”。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
I was going to die in Antarctica. I was certain. An image of my frost covered body, pale and lifeless, filled my mind as I glanced around. In all directions the empty wilderness of Antarctica stretched away from me, the only feature on the landscape was the division between snow and sky. I gazed sadly at my team. They were rapidly disappearing over the horizon.
I was leading an expedition (探险队) attempting to reach the South Pole. The team was made up of ordinary women from all around the world — from Jamaica, India, Singapore and Cyprus — many of whom had never seen snow, or spent a night in a tent before we set off. Our aim was to be the most international all female team to reach the South Pole.
As I watched, the rest of the team had marched on, unaware that I was not with them. By the time I realised that my sledge was firmly stuck, the team were already a long way ahead of me. I called out to Era, my teammate from Brunei. “Era！Stop！”
Getting no response I called again, but my shouts were carried away in the opposite direction by the wind. Seconds passed. Nothing. I was gradually being left alone, completely defenseless against the fatally low temperatures of Antarctica.
My strength increased when I thought of a cold, lonely death. I pulled again my sledge, which moved a little. I removed the ice with my ski pole and boot, desperately trying to break the sledge free. The sledge shot forward, knocking me off balance. I struggled to my feet and set off after the team.
I caught up just as Reena, my teammate from India, looked behind her and noticed there was one person missing. She swung around on her skis in shock and spotted me in the near distance.
As we continued, my panic slowly faded. For the rest of the day each of the team was glancing over their shoulder every few minutes. They were not going to risk losing me again.
语篇解读：本文讲述了“我”带领一个国际女子探险队在南极探险，途中我的雪橇被雪卡住，以致掉队。后来“我”经过努力，克服了危机，赶上了队伍。
1．What is special about the expedition
A．They were all female.
B．They were all professional.
C．They made the longest expedition.
D．They had been strictly trained.
解析：选A 细节理解题。从第二段内容可知作者带领的探险队是由来自世界各地普通妇女组成的，因此A项正确。
2．What made the author get her sledge out of the ice was ________.
A．the shouts from her teammates
B．her strong desire to live
C．the sudden change in wind direction
D．the natural beauty ahead
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句和第二句可知，想到死亡使作者力量大增，将雪橇从冰雪里拔了出来，因此可以说是强大的求生欲解救了作者。
3．At last, each of the team members kept looking back to ________.
A．avoid being attacked from behind
B．make sure that none fell behind
C．check the distance they had covered
D．keep a record of the route they took
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，每个人不停地回头看是为了保证没有人掉队。
4．Which may be the best title of the passage
A．How to Survive in Antarctica
B．A Mysterious Trip to the South Pole
C．A Female Expedition
D．Being Left Behind in the Snow
解析：选D 标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了作者一次在冰雪里被落在最后而差点发生危险的经历。
B
I don't think I can recall a time when I wasn't aware of the beauty of the ocean.Growing up in Australia, I had the good fortune of having the sea at my side.The first time I went to Halfmoon Bay, I suddenly had the feeling of not being able to feel the ground with my feet anymore.
For my 10th birthday, my sister and I were taken out to the Great Barrier Reef.There were fish in different colors, caves and layers of coral.They made such an impression on me.When I learned that only 1 percent of Australia's Coral Sea was protected, I was shocked.Australian marine (海洋的) life is particularly important because the reefs have more marine species than any other country on earth.But sadly, only 45% of the world's reefs are considered healthy.
This statistic is depressing, so it's important for us to do everything to protect them.The hope that the Coral Sea remains a complete ecosystem has led me to take action.I've become involved with the Protect Our Coral Sea activity, which aims to create the largest marine park in the world.It would serve as a place where the ocean's species will all have a safe place forever.
Together, Angus and I created a little video and we hope it will inspire people to be part of the movement.Angus also shares many beautiful childhood memories of the ocean as a young boy, who grew up sailing, admiring the beauty of the ocean, and trying to find the secrets of ocean species.
语篇解读：本文旨在号召人们保护海洋生物。
5．From the underlined sentence in Para.1, we can learn the author ________.
A．seldom went surfing at the sea
B．forgot his experiences about the ocean
C．never went back to his hometown
D．had a wonderful impression of Halfmoon Bay
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I don't think I can recall a time when I wasn't aware of the beauty of the ocean”和“I had the good fortune of having the sea at my side”可知，作者非常喜欢海洋，画线句意为“我突然有了一种不想再踏上陆地的感觉”，说明Halfmoon Bay给作者留下了一个美好的印象。故选D。
6．According to the second paragraph, Australian marine life ________.
A．is escaping from the Coral Sea gradually
B．depends on reefs for living greatly
C．may be faced with danger
D．is protected better than that in other oceans
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Australian marine (海洋的) life is particularly important ...sadly, only 45% of the world's reefs are considered healthy”可推知，澳大利亚的海洋生物可能处在危险之中。故选C。
7．The Protect Our Coral Sea activity is intended to ______.
A．contribute to a complete ecosystem
B．prevent more marine species being endangered
C．set up a large nature reserve for reefs
D．raise more teenagers' environmental awareness
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“which aims to create the largest marine park ...where the ocean's species will all have a safe place forever”可知，其目的是保护海洋生物免受危险。故选B。
8．Angus and the author create a little video to ________.
A．urge more people to take action to protect the marine species
B．inspire more people to explore the secret of the ocean
C．share their childhood experiences about the ocean
D．bring back to people their memory of ocean species
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句可知，他们的目的是鼓励人们参与到保护海洋生物的行动中来。故选A。PAGE
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Module 1 课时跟踪检测（一） Introduction & Reading — Pre?reading
阅读理解
A
In summer, people around the world seek rest and relaxation on a beach. To meet the need, Trip Advisor publishes a list of the world's best beaches.
Baia do Sancho, Brazil
Its water is calm and clear. Its sand is fine and soft. But getting to Baia do Sancho is not so easy. It is on Fernando de Noronha, a volcanic island more than 300 kilometers off Brazil's coast. Travelers must take a plane or boat from major cities in northern Brazil to get there. Getting there involves walking along steep, rocky cliffs and then climbing down a ladder.
Grace Bay, Turks and Caicos
While Baia do Sancho is difficult to get to, Trip Advisor's second ranked beach could not be much easier for tourists to reach. Travelers to the islands often choose to stay at oceanfront hotels right next to Grace Bay. This beach has impossibly clean and clear waters and pure white sand. Its calm waters make it extremely safe for swimming.
Eagle Beach, Aruba
To get to the third best beach, head south to the Dutch Caribbean island of Aruba. Eagle Beach has clear, calm waters and soft white sand. It offers visitors a chance to try different water sports. Eagle Beach may be best known, however, for its dramatic sunsets. On clear nights, the sky turns red, orange, and purple.
Playa Paraiso, Cuba
Trip Advisor's fourth best beach is also in the Caribbean. Playa Paraiso is on Cayo Largo, an island off Cuba's southern coast. Paraiso has a fun, laid back restaurant for those who wish to eat and drink. There is little else on the beach. People come here for the sugar like sand and calm waters filled with colorful wildlife.
Siesta Key, United States
Florida's Siesta Key is a low lying island. The scientist known as Dr. Beach recently named Siesta Key the best beach in America. It offers calm and clean waters. Visitors of all ages go to Siesta Key when the tide is low to find beautiful, large and, sometimes, rare seashells.
语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了Trip Advisor选出的几个世界上最好的海滩。
1．What do Baia do Sancho and Grace Bay have in common
A．They have oceanfront hotels.
B．They are volcanic islands.
C．They are hard to reach.
D．They are in Brazil.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据Baia do Sancho, Brazil部分中的“Getting there involves walking along steep, rocky cliffs and then climbing down a ladder”及Grace Bay, Turks and Caicos部分的“While Baia do Sancho is difficult to get to, Trip Advisor's second ranked beach could not be much easier for tourists to reach”可知选C项。
2．Which is most suitable for sunset watchers
A．Playa Paraiso. B．Eagle Beach.
C．Grace Bay. D．Siesta Key.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据Eagle Beach, Aruba部分中的“Eagle Beach may be best known, however, for its dramatic sunsets”可知选B项。
3．What can we learn from the text
A．Dr. Beach named Baia do Sancho the best beach in the world.
B．Visitors can enjoy different sports on Paraiso's beach.
C．Visitors can find rare seashells at Siesta Key.
D．Cayo Largo is an island of Aruba.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据Siesta Key, United States部分中的最后一句可知选C项。
B
The Arctic is a polar region. It surrounds the North Pole.
Like Antarctica, the Arctic is a land of ice and snow. Antarctica holds the record for a low temperature reading — 125 degrees Fahrenheit below zero. Reading of 85 degrees below zero is common in Antarctica. Winter temperatures average 30 degrees below zero in the Arctic. At the South Pole the winter average is about 73 degrees below zero.
One thing alone makes it almost impossible for men to live in Antarctica and in parts of the Arctic. This one thing is the low temperature — the killing chill of far North and the polar South.
To survive, men must wear the warmest possible clothing. They must build windproof shelters. They must keep heaters going at all times. Not even for a moment can they be unprotected against the below zero temperatures.
Men have a way of providing for themselves. Polar explorers wrap themselves in warm coats and furs. The cold makes life difficult. But the explorers can stay alive.
What about animals？Can they survive？Do we find plants？Do we find life in the Arctic and in Antarctica Yes, we do. There is life in the oceans. There is life on land.
Antarctica, as we have seen, is a cold place indeed. But this has not always been the case. Expedition (探险) scientists have discovered that Antarctica has not always been a frozen continent. At one time the weather in Antarctica may have been much like our own.
Explorers have discovered coal in Antarctica. This leads them to believe that Antarctica at one time was a land of swamps and forests. Heat and moisture must have kept the trees in the forests alive.
语篇解读：文章首先介绍了南极和北极的气温，然后介绍了人类与动物在极地的情况以及科学家对南极过去环境情况的猜想。
4．The lowest temperature that man has ever known was recorded ________.
A．in Antarctica B．in the Arctic
C．at the North Pole D．in the polar region
解析：选A 细节理解题。由第二段第二句可知，史上最低气温是在南极地区测得的。
5．Polar explorers can stay alive there because they ________.
A．stay inside the building there
B．have their own way to keep warm
C．are stronger than other people
D．have no heaters and windproof shelters
解析：选B 细节理解题。由第五段第二句“Polar explorers wrap themselves in warm coats and furs.”可知，极地考察队员有自己的保暖方法。
6．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A．Man can survive in polar areas as long as they can keep warm.
B．Despite the cold, both animals and plants can be found in polar areas.
C．Antarctica has not always been so cold as it is today, nor has the Arctic.
D．At one time, the weather in Antarctica was so warm and damp that trees grew there.
解析：选C 推理判断题。由倒数第二段可知，文中只提到南极曾经并不是一个寒冷的大陆，但并没有提到北极，故C项符合题意。
7．What's the main idea of the passage
A．The Arctic is colder than Antarctica.
B．The history of the Arctic and Antarctica.
C．The discovery in the Arctic and Antarctica.
D．The environmental features in polar regions.
解析：选D 主旨大意题。文章首先介绍了南极和北极的气温，然后介绍了人类与动物在极地的情况以及科学家对南极过去环境情况的猜想。所以D项正确。
C
Biologist Robert Pitman and his colleagues tracked orcas, or killer whales, and humpback whales off the coast of Western Australia. To research further, the scientists attached a tracker to a female orca, which allowed them to use satellites to monitor her movements. They followed her for six days. During that time, the orca attacked eight young humpback whales. During the seven attacks, the orca killed the humpback whale calf (幼兽) on three occasions.
But the story doesn't end there. Humpback whales themselves are popularly thought to be large but generally, passive creatures. Pitman's study findings may let people think otherwise.
When chased by orcas, humpback whales are known to try to outswim orcas. They are thought to do this at high speed so that the orcas can't keep up. On some occasions, the humpback whales sought out protection. They swam to shallow water, nearby reefs, or even under the researchers' boats. These ways often reduced the attack. But at other times, the humpback whales decided to stay and fight.
As the orcas approached, the mother humpback would sometimes move her calf to her side, or lift it out of the water using her head or flippers. She also blew huge breaths of air to disturb the orcas, and lunged or charged at them, slashing (劈) and slapping her tail and flippers. Perhaps most surprisingly, humpback whales also have adult “escorts (护卫队)” that try to protect calves that are not their own, joining the mother in defending the smaller whale. These escort whales either charged at the orcas, or placed themselves between the attackers and calves, slashing their tails and flippers.
Despite the efforts of the mother whales and escorts, the orcas were more often than not successful in their attacks. But the presence of the escorts did reduce how many times a whale calf was killed.
语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是科学家使用科学仪器来观察杀人鲸是如何追杀驼背鲸及后者是如何反击和保护幼小的驼背鲸的。
8．What's the purpose of the scientists' further research
A．To keep a record of whales' living habits.
B．To observe orcas' hunting humpback whales.
C．To see what life or death battles whales may face.
D．To find out the techniques orcas use when hunting.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“To research further ...the orca attacked eight young humpback whales”可知，科学家进行进一步研究的目的是观察杀人鲸追杀驼背鲸的活动。故选B。
9．Why did the humpback whales swim to shallow water
A．To avoid being attacked.
B．To hunt for food.
C．To protect their young.
D．To trick the chasers.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“On some occasions, the humpback whales sought out protec tion. They swam to shallow water, nearby reefs, or even under the researchers' boats”可知，驼背鲸游至浅水区是出于自身的安全考虑，为了避免被攻击。故选A。
10．What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4
A．Why humpback whales fall victim to orcas.
B．How humpback whales protect their calves.
C．The great mother love of humpback whales.
D．Smaller humpback whales' ways of surviving.
解析：选B 段落大意题。根据第四段的内容可知，本段主要讲的是在面对杀人鲸的攻击时，驼背鲸是如何进行反击来保护自己的幼崽的。故B项最能概括本段的大意。
11．What does Pitman's study find
A．Orcas are successful in their attacks.
B．It's not easy for orcas to obtain food.
C．Humpback whales swim faster than orcas.
D．Humpback whales could be active animals.
解析：选D 推理判断题。第二段提到“Humpback whales themselves are popularly thought to be large but generally, passive creatures. Pitman's study findings may let people think otherwise”，驼背鲸一般被认为是大型的但是通常被动的生物，Pitman的研究发现可能会让人不这么认为。下文接着讲了面对杀人鲸的攻击时，驼背鲸所采取的一些应对方式，其中包含积极迎击。故选D。
