PAGE
第 8 页 共 8 页
单元加餐练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Bored with your life Dreaming of something different I always wonder what life would be like 400 km above my head. That's where the International Space Station orbits the earth, with six astronauts living and working on board, for months at a time.
How do they sleep They spend the night floating in a sleeping bag inside a small cubicle (小隔间) on the ceiling. American astronaut Sunita Williams explains, “It's like a little phone booth, but it's pretty comfortable and it doesn't matter if I turn over and sleep upside down. I don't have any sensation (感觉) in my head that tells me I'm upside down.”
Brushing your teeth in a place where you can't have a tap or a sink can be a challenge. Can you imagine the mess that running water would make in zero gravity Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield uses a straw to put a big blob (一滴) of water from a sealed bag onto an ordinary toothbrush and adds a little toothpaste which he has to swallow when he's done.
Daily exercise is essential. The lack of gravity makes bones more fragile and muscles lose strength — so astronauts are encouraged to work out for at least two hours a day.
The role of astronauts in the International Space Station is to act as lab technicians for scientists back on earth. So they spend their time maintaining their environment and performing and monitoring experiments in a confined space about the size of a Boeing 747. Almost every task is carefully planned by mission control — although most astronauts spend their first days losing things until they get used to sticking everything they use to the walls with Velcro, duct tape (强力胶带) or clips (夹子)．
One of their most valued perks (额外待遇) is the view from “the office”， dominated by that gigantic blue ball down there, sitting in the darkness of space. Wow! Absolutely breathtaking!
1．When they sleep upside down, the astronauts will not get dizzy because ________.
A．they don't feel it
B．they sleep in the daytime
C．they sleep in special sleeping bags
D．they are trained to adapt to the conditions of weightlessness
2．Why may astronauts lose things
A．Because they always forget where they put their things.
B．Because in zero gravity, everything that is not stuck down floats.
C．Because they are so busy that they don't have enough time to put their things away.
D．Because in a space station, there aren't enough places for astronauts to store their things.
3．What parts become weak if astronauts don't exercise
A．Their teeth and bones.
B．Their brains and bones.
C．Their teeth and muscles.
D．Their bones and muscles.
4．What is the best title for the text
A．The Problems We Met in Space
B．How to Become an Astronaut
C．Living and Working in Space
D．The International Space Station
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
6 Tips for Healthy, White Teeth
·Go on a white teeth diet. If you're quaffing (畅饮) red wine and black tea, or smoking cigarettes, expect the results to show up as not so pearly whites.
·Throw away your toothbrush or electric toothbrush head every two to three months.__1__ According to dentist Harold Katz, the best way to brush is by placing your toothbrush at a 45 degree angle against your gums (牙龈) and gently moving it in a circular motion. Grip the toothbrush like a pencil so you won't scrub (刷洗) too hard.
·Use a tongue scraper (刮刀) every morning to remove tongue plaque (舌斑) and freshen breath. One cause of bad breath is the build up of bacteria on the tongue, which a daily tongue scraping will help banish (消除). __2__
·Eat “detergent (清洁剂)” foods that are firm or crisp to help clean teeth as you munch (咀嚼)．__3__ For best results, make “detergent” foods the final food you eat in your meal if you know you won't be able to brush your teeth after eating.
·Stay fresh. Check by licking (舔) your palm and smelling it while it's wet. If you smell something, it's time for a sugar free breath mint (薄荷). Shopping for mouthwash __4__ Mouthwashes with too much alcohol can dry out mouth tissue, making it more prone (易于) to bacteria.
·Brushing your teeth first and last are the two most crucial times of the day, as saliva (唾液) which keeps plaque off teeth, dries up at night, so it's best to have all plaque cleaned off the teeth before sleep.__5__
A．Make sure it's alcohol free.
B．Apples are good, as are raw carrots, celery and popcorn.
C．Otherwise, you're just transferring bacteria to your mouth.
D．However, the bacteria won't be staying on the top of your tongue.
E．It's more effective than brushing your tongue with a toothbrush too.
F．When you sleep without bacteria in your mouth, you will feel much better.
G．It's also important to brush first in the morning to remove plaque and bacteria built up as you slept.
Ⅲ.完形填空
Years ago, feeling tired and frustrated，I began to doubt whether teaching was worth it anymore.__1__， a ridiculous moment in class lit my way out of the darkness.
I was teaching a chemistry lesson, and the students were__2__ about working with alcohol lamps.But a girl couldn't get her wick (灯芯) to burn. She was one of the kids who always seem to be the __3__ one picked for the team, who appeared to have__4__ that she could never be special.
Normally I do not interfere with science projects, because__5__ can be part of the learning process.Yet this was simply a matter of faulty equipment；the wick was not as __6__ as it should have been.I needed to __7__.
The girl had tears in her eyes, and I felt__8__ of myself for ever having felt like giving up. For that one moment, the only thing that__9__ to me was that this girl should have a successful experiment.She was going to go home that day with a __10__ on her face.I bent over her alcohol lamp, and with a long kitchen match tried to reach the wick.I was so __11__ to the match that I could feel the flame.Finally the wick caught fire, and I looked up triumphantly (得意扬扬地), __12__the smile on the girl's face.
__13__， she took one look at me and began screaming in fear.I did not understand why the kids were all pointing at me__14__ I realized that the flame had lit my hair.Several kids ran to me and __15__at my head.Talk about a dream come true — they got to hit their teacher on the head and say they were__16__ her.
A few minutes later, all was well and I watched the kids__17__ the experiment. I felt like an idiot, and yet for the first time in weeks, I felt how much I __18__ about teaching. I had tried hard to help someone; though not particularly well, but the __19__ was there. From that moment, I determined to always teach like my hair was__20__.
1．A.Instantly B．Fortunately
C．Hopefully D．Absolutely
2．A.excited B．embarrassed
C．skeptical D．particular
3．A.first B．best
C．last D．very
4．A.accepted B．denied
C．declared D．hoped
5．A.practice B．accidents
C．inaccuracy D．failure
6．A.dry B．big
C．thick D．long
7．A.step in B．step aside
C．step up D．step down
8．A.proud B．aware
C．tired D．ashamed
9．A.happened B．attended
C．mattered D．related
10．A.fear B．smile
C．shame D．surprise
11．A.accessible B．close
C．low D．short
12．A.expecting B．finding
C．missing D．imagining
13．A.Rather B．Besides
C．Still D．Instead
14．A.as B．when
C．until D．since
15．A.looked B．shouted
C．hit D．waved
16．A.helping B．cursing
C．kidding D．amusing
17．A.beginning B．pausing
C．continuing D．preparing
18．A.argued B．cared
C．complained D．worried
19．A.strategy B．reason
C．scheme D．effort
20．A.on fire B．on end
C．in sight D．in chaos
Ⅳ.语法填空
When you smile, not only do you feel happy, __1__ you also bring a ray of light into the lives of others.Someone once__2__ (say), “A smile is a curve that sets everything straight, by increasing your face value.” Know that a smile is a little thing that can produce great results.__3__ it takes is a smile to make short work of many __4__ (difficulty), for just being happy can help others.I've often thought of a smile__5__ the touch of God given to his people.
A day without a smile is a day wasted. Some people grin (咧嘴笑) and bear it, while__6__ smile and change the world.Don't you love the feelings of a __7__ (return) smile It can move into the soul and release good into the world. It can make friends with__8__ (strange)．It can bring friends closer together. It can bridge the generation gap. It can fill the heart with love.
A smile is a light in the window of the soul, __9__ (indicate) that the heart is at home.God puts a smile on our faces so that we would see that the world needs that breath to__10__ (light) the darkness in our life.
Ⅴ.短文改错
My English teacher gave us a horrible job today.She told us what we would have to prepare a ten minute speech for Tuesday.I can't stand speaking in front of the class.Anyway, I asked my teacher if I could do something different — like a writing report.I told her how nervously I would get when speak before the class.My teacher explained me that she couldn't change that.While she did have some advices.She encouraged me to get to work right away.She said if I practice my speech ahead of time, I would feel the more comfortable.As a result of his warm words, I decided to make a try.PAGE
第 8 页 共 8 页
单元加餐练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Bored with your life Dreaming of something different I always wonder what life would be like 400 km above my head. That's where the International Space Station orbits the earth, with six astronauts living and working on board, for months at a time.
How do they sleep They spend the night floating in a sleeping bag inside a small cubicle (小隔间) on the ceiling. American astronaut Sunita Williams explains, “It's like a little phone booth, but it's pretty comfortable and it doesn't matter if I turn over and sleep upside down. I don't have any sensation (感觉) in my head that tells me I'm upside down.”
Brushing your teeth in a place where you can't have a tap or a sink can be a challenge. Can you imagine the mess that running water would make in zero gravity Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield uses a straw to put a big blob (一滴) of water from a sealed bag onto an ordinary toothbrush and adds a little toothpaste which he has to swallow when he's done.
Daily exercise is essential. The lack of gravity makes bones more fragile and muscles lose strength — so astronauts are encouraged to work out for at least two hours a day.
The role of astronauts in the International Space Station is to act as lab technicians for scientists back on earth. So they spend their time maintaining their environment and performing and monitoring experiments in a confined space about the size of a Boeing 747. Almost every task is carefully planned by mission control — although most astronauts spend their first days losing things until they get used to sticking everything they use to the walls with Velcro, duct tape (强力胶带) or clips (夹子)．
One of their most valued perks (额外待遇) is the view from “the office”， dominated by that gigantic blue ball down there, sitting in the darkness of space. Wow! Absolutely breathtaking!
语篇解读本文主要讲述了太空中宇航员的生活和工作情况。
1．When they sleep upside down, the astronauts will not get dizzy because ________.
A．they don't feel it
B．they sleep in the daytime
C．they sleep in special sleeping bags
D．they are trained to adapt to the conditions of weightlessness
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段的“American astronaut Sunita Williams explains, ‘It's like a little phone booth, but it's pretty comfortable and it doesn't matter if I turn over and sleep upside down. I don't have any sensation (感觉) in my head that tells me I'm upside down.’”可知，宇航员倒着睡不会晕是因为大脑并没有感知到这种颠倒的行为，故选A。
2．Why may astronauts lose things
A．Because they always forget where they put their things.
B．Because in zero gravity, everything that is not stuck down floats.
C．Because they are so busy that they don't have enough time to put their things away.
D．Because in a space station, there aren't enough places for astronauts to store their things.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第二段的第二句“They spend the night floating in a sleeping bag inside a small cubicle (小隔间) on the ceiling”和第三段的第二句“Can you imagine the mess that running water would make in zero gravity”以及第五段的最后一句“Almost every task is carefully planned by mission control — although most astronauts spend their first days losing things until they get used to sticking everything they use to the walls with Velcro, duct tape (强力胶带) or clips (夹子)”可知，在失重状态下没有被固定的东西会飘浮起来以至于会丢失，故选B。
3．What parts become weak if astronauts don't exercise
A．Their teeth and bones.
B．Their brains and bones.
C．Their teeth and muscles.
D．Their bones and muscles.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句中的“The lack of gravity makes bones more fragile and muscles lose strength”可知，宇航员不锻炼的话，他们的肌肉和骨头会变得虚弱。
4．What is the best title for the text
A．The Problems We Met in Space
B．How to Become an Astronaut
C．Living and Working in Space
D．The International Space Station
解析：选C 标题归纳题。根据第一段和全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讲的是太空中宇航员的生活和工作情况，故选C。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
6 Tips for Healthy, White Teeth
·Go on a white teeth diet. If you're quaffing (畅饮) red wine and black tea, or smoking cigarettes, expect the results to show up as not so pearly whites.
·Throw away your toothbrush or electric toothbrush head every two to three months.__1__ According to dentist Harold Katz, the best way to brush is by placing your toothbrush at a 45 degree angle against your gums (牙龈) and gently moving it in a circular motion. Grip the toothbrush like a pencil so you won't scrub (刷洗) too hard.
·Use a tongue scraper (刮刀) every morning to remove tongue plaque (舌斑) and freshen breath. One cause of bad breath is the build up of bacteria on the tongue, which a daily tongue scraping will help banish (消除). __2__
·Eat “detergent (清洁剂)” foods that are firm or crisp to help clean teeth as you munch (咀嚼)．__3__ For best results, make “detergent” foods the final food you eat in your meal if you know you won't be able to brush your teeth after eating.
·Stay fresh. Check by licking (舔) your palm and smelling it while it's wet. If you smell something, it's time for a sugar free breath mint (薄荷). Shopping for mouthwash __4__ Mouthwashes with too much alcohol can dry out mouth tissue, making it more prone (易于) to bacteria.
·Brushing your teeth first and last are the two most crucial times of the day, as saliva (唾液) which keeps plaque off teeth, dries up at night, so it's best to have all plaque cleaned off the teeth before sleep.__5__
A．Make sure it's alcohol free.
B．Apples are good, as are raw carrots, celery and popcorn.
C．Otherwise, you're just transferring bacteria to your mouth.
D．However, the bacteria won't be staying on the top of your tongue.
E．It's more effective than brushing your tongue with a toothbrush too.
F．When you sleep without bacteria in your mouth, you will feel much better.
G．It's also important to brush first in the morning to remove plaque and bacteria built up as you slept.
语篇解读本文介绍了六条保持牙齿洁白、健康的建议。
1．解析：选C 根据此空前的“Throw away your toothbrush ... every two to three months.”可知，每隔两到三个月要换一次牙刷，本空应说明这样做的原因。C项(否则你就是在把细菌转移到嘴巴里。符合语境。)
2．解析：选E 根据空前的“One cause of bad breath ..., which a daily tongue scraping will help banish(清除)．”可知，刮舌板有助于有效清除舌头上堆积的细菌，故此处描述的是刮舌板的益处。E项意为“这比用牙刷刷你的舌面更加有效”，符合上下文逻辑。其中it 指代Use a tongue scraper every morning ...这件事。
3．解析：选B 根据空前建议吃有清洁作用的硬的或脆的食物，边咀嚼边清洗牙齿可知，此段应涉及所吃的食物。只有B项中出现了食物。故选B项。
4．解析：选A 根据本空后的“Mouthwashes with too much alcohol can dry out mouth tissue ...”可知，此处应是建议使用不含酒精的漱口水。故选A项。
5．解析：选G 根据最后一段，建议起床后第一件事和睡觉前最后一件事是刷牙，以及本空前描述要在睡觉前刷牙可知，此处应该是早晨起来也要刷牙。G项意为“同样重要的是早晨起来先刷牙，以此来清除夜间睡觉堆积起来的牙菌斑和细菌”，符合逻辑。故选G项。
Ⅲ.完形填空
Years ago, feeling tired and frustrated，I began to doubt whether teaching was worth it anymore.__1__， a ridiculous moment in class lit my way out of the darkness.
I was teaching a chemistry lesson, and the students were__2__ about working with alcohol lamps.But a girl couldn't get her wick (灯芯) to burn. She was one of the kids who always seem to be the __3__ one picked for the team, who appeared to have__4__ that she could never be special.
Normally I do not interfere with science projects, because__5__ can be part of the learning process.Yet this was simply a matter of faulty equipment；the wick was not as __6__ as it should have been.I needed to __7__.
The girl had tears in her eyes, and I felt__8__ of myself for ever having felt like giving up. For that one moment, the only thing that__9__ to me was that this girl should have a successful experiment.She was going to go home that day with a __10__ on her face.I bent over her alcohol lamp, and with a long kitchen match tried to reach the wick.I was so __11__ to the match that I could feel the flame.Finally the wick caught fire, and I looked up triumphantly (得意扬扬地), __12__the smile on the girl's face.
__13__， she took one look at me and began screaming in fear.I did not understand why the kids were all pointing at me__14__ I realized that the flame had lit my hair.Several kids ran to me and __15__at my head.Talk about a dream come true — they got to hit their teacher on the head and say they were__16__ her.
A few minutes later, all was well and I watched the kids__17__ the experiment. I felt like an idiot, and yet for the first time in weeks, I felt how much I __18__ about teaching. I had tried hard to help someone; though not particularly well, but the __19__ was there. From that moment, I determined to always teach like my hair was__20__.
语篇解读作者是一名化学老师，在过去的某段时间里，她开始厌倦教学。但一次化学实验课上发生的小事故让她重新燃起了对教学的热情。
1．A.Instantly B．Fortunately
C．Hopefully D．Absolutely
解析：选B 上文提到作者开始感到疲惫和沮丧，并质疑教学的价值，下文提到班级里的荒唐时刻引导她走出了阴暗，这种转变对作者而言是幸运的。所以B项符合语境。
2．A.excited B．embarrassed
C．skeptical D．particular
解析：选A 从下文“But a girl couldn't get her wick to burn”以及“the girl had tears in her eyes”可知，学生对于使用酒精灯是非常兴奋的(excited)，和后文小女孩无法点燃酒精灯急出眼泪形成对比。skeptical意为“怀疑的”。
3．A.first B．best
C．last D．very
解析：选C 根据下文“she could never be special”可知女孩是那种总是最后一个(last)被选入队伍、文静内向的女生。
4．A.accepted B．denied
C．declared D．hoped
解析：选A 句意：她似乎也接受了(accepted)她很普通的事实。
5．A.practice B．accidents
C．inaccuracy D．failure
解析：选D 作者通常不干预学生的科学课程，因为失败(failure)也是学习过程的一部分。
6．A.dry B．big
C．thick D．long
解析：选D 根据第四段的“with a long kitchen match tried to reach the wick”得知，小女孩的酒精灯的灯芯没有本来该有的长度(long)。
7．A.step in B．step aside
C．step up D．step down
解析：选A 根据上文“Normally I do not interfere with science projects”可知，作者一般不干预学生实验，但是小女孩实验失败是设备问题，所以作者感到应该干涉(step in)。step in 对应前文的interfere with。step aside意为“走到一边，从权威地位退下”；step up意为“增加，提高”；step down意为“辞职，下台”。
8．A.proud B．aware
C．tired D．ashamed
解析：选D 小女孩急出了眼泪说明小女孩不想放弃，因此相比之下，作者对自己曾经想要放弃感到羞愧(ashamed)。
9．A.happened B．attended
C．mattered D．related
解析：选C 句意：在那一刻，于我而言唯一重要(matter)的事就是让小女孩成功做成实验。
10．A.fear B．smile
C．shame D．surprise
解析：选B 让小女孩成功做成实验，然后面带微笑(smile)回家。
11．A.accessible B．close
C．low D．short
解析：选B 句意：我离火柴很近(close)，甚至能感受到火焰。
12．A.expecting B．finding
C．missing D．imagining
解析：选A 根据上文“the only thing that mattered to me was that this girl should have a successful experiment. She was going to go home that day with a smile”可知，当作者最终点燃酒精灯的时候，她得意扬扬地抬起头，期望(expecting)小女孩脸上露出微笑。
13．A.Rather B．Besides
C．Still D．Instead
解析：选D 上文提到作者期望小女孩露出微笑，下文提到小女孩看着她，开始害怕地尖叫，可知与自己的预期相反(instead)。
14．A.as B．when
C．until D．since
解析：选C 句意：直到(not ...until)我意识到火焰点着了我的头发我才明白为什么所有的学生都指着我。
15．A.looked B．shouted
C．hit D．waved
解析：选C 根据下文“they got to hit their teacher on the head”可知，几个孩子跑过来朝作者头部打过去(hit)。
16．A.helping B．cursing
C．kidding D．amusing
解析：选A 句意：他们的梦想实现了——他们可以打老师的头还可以说是帮助老师(helping)。
17．A.beginning B．pausing
C．continuing D．preparing
解析：选C 句意：几分钟过后，一切都正常了。我看着孩子们继续做(continuing)实验。
18．A.argued B．cared
C．complained D．worried
解析：选B 根据转折副词yet可推断出整件事也给作者带来积极的影响，她发现自己很在意(care about)教学，和文章首段呼应。
19．A.strategy B．reason
C．scheme D．effort
解析：选D 句意：我尽力去帮助别人，尽管不是特别理想，但是至少我努力(effort)了。strategy意为“战略”；scheme意为“方案，轨迹”。
20．A.on fire B．on end
C．in sight D．in chaos
解析：选A 句意：从那刻起，我决定一直如头发着火般(on fire)热情地投入教学。一语双关，on fire既可以表示“着火”，又可以表示“充满热情”。on end意为“连续地”；in sight意为“被看到，在视力范围之内”；in chaos意为“混乱”。
Ⅳ.语法填空
When you smile, not only do you feel happy, __1__ you also bring a ray of light into the lives of others.Someone once__2__ (say), “A smile is a curve that sets everything straight, by increasing your face value.” Know that a smile is a little thing that can produce great results.__3__ it takes is a smile to make short work of many __4__ (difficulty), for just being happy can help others.I've often thought of a smile__5__ the touch of God given to his people.
A day without a smile is a day wasted. Some people grin (咧嘴笑) and bear it, while__6__ smile and change the world.Don't you love the feelings of a __7__ (return) smile It can move into the soul and release good into the world. It can make friends with__8__ (strange)．It can bring friends closer together. It can bridge the generation gap. It can fill the heart with love.
A smile is a light in the window of the soul, __9__ (indicate) that the heart is at home.God puts a smile on our faces so that we would see that the world needs that breath to__10__ (light) the darkness in our life.
语篇解读本文是一篇议论文。论述了微笑的重要性以及微笑对人们生活的影响。
1．but 考查并列连词。根据句中的“not only”可知，该句考查not only ...but(also) ...结构。
2．said 考查动词时态。根据时间状语“once”可知，此处应用一般过去时态，故填said。
3．What 考查连接词。分析句子结构可知，what在此引导主语从句，并在从句中作宾语。
4．difficulties 考查名词复数。many后接可数名词的复数。difficulty意为“难事”。
5．as 考查固定搭配。think of ...as ...“认为……是……”。
6．others 考查代词。分析句子可知，该句考查some ...others ...意为“一些人……其他人……”。
7．returned 考查非谓语动词。return与smile之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。
8．strangers 考查词性转换和名词复数。由上文的friends可知，此处应为strangers，意为“陌生人”。
9．indicating 考查非谓语动词。indicate与其逻辑主语a smile之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。
10．lighten 考查词性转换。因为to 为不定式符号，且在此处表示目的，其后应跟动词原形。故用lighten，意为“(使)变明亮”。
Ⅴ.短文改错
My English teacher gave us a horrible job today.She told us what we would have to prepare a ten minute speech for Tuesday.I can't stand speaking in front of the class.Anyway, I asked my teacher if I could do something different — like a writing report.I told her how nervously I would get when speak before the class.My teacher explained me that she couldn't change that.While she did have some advices.She encouraged me to get to work right away.She said if I practice my speech ahead of time, I would feel the more comfortable.As a result of his warm words, I decided to make a try.
答案：第二句：what→that
第四句：writing→written
第五句：nervously→nervous; speak→speaking
第六句：explained后加to
第七句：While→But; advices→advice
第九句：practice→practiced; 去掉the
第十句：his→her
