【大二轮——领航夺分】2014名师整理“强力推荐”高考增分精品专题复习试题：“不明身份”的代词指代题（湖北专版，含2013调研、真题，含解析）
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课时作业(二十七) 第八讲 “不明身份”的代词指代题
Test 1
(2013·湖北省八市高三年级三月调考)
If you live in America in the 21st century you’ll probably hear a lot of people tell you how busy they are.It’s become the default response when you ask anyone how they are doing：“Busy！”“Crazy busy！” It is pretty obviously a boast disguised as a complaint.And the common response is a kind of congratulation：“That’s a good problem to have.” or “Better than the opposite.”
Notice it isn’t generally people pulling back to back shifts in the ICU or commuting by bus to three minimum wage jobs who tell you how busy they are.What those people are is not busy but tired.Exhausted！Dead on their feet.It’s almost always people whose busyness is purely self imposed：work and obligations they’ve taken on voluntarily，classes and activities they’ve “encouraged” their kids to participate in.They’re busy because of their own ambition or drive or anxiety，because they’re addicted to busyness and dread that they might have to face in its absence.
Almost everyone I know is busy.They feel anxious and guilty when they aren’t either working or doing something to promote their work.It’s something they have chosen.Busyness serves as a kind of existential reassurance (令人安心的保证)，a measure against emptiness；obviously your life cannot possibly be silly or tiny or meaningless if you are so busy，completely booked，in demand every hour of the day.
Idleness is not just a vacation.It is as necessary to the brain as vitamin D is to the body，and deprived of it we suffer a mental affliction as ugly as rickets.The space and quiet that idleness provides is a necessary condition for standing back from life and seeing it whole，for making unexpected connections and waiting for the wild summer lightning strikes of inspiration.“Idle dreaming is often the essence of what we do，” wrote Thomas Pynchon.Archimedes’ “Eureka” in the bath，Newton’s apple：history is full of stories of inspiration that comes in idle moments.
语篇解读 这是个忙碌的社会，我们随处都能听到人们说自己太忙，并且强迫自己忙碌起来。但是我们的生活中需要悠闲的时光，阿基米德、牛顿等科学家就是在悠闲的时候得到灵感的。
1．When many Americans say “Crazy busy”，they mean________.
A．they are really tired of their present situation
B．they are really proud of their present life
C．they are complaining about their current work
D．their lives are full of all kinds of problems
解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段的第三句，人们在回答说他们很忙的时候，其实显然是用埋怨的方式炫耀(a boast disguised as a complaint)以及第四句中对此的回应可知，应选B。
答案： B
2．The writer mentions Archimedes’ “Eureka” and Newton’s apple to show that________.
A．history is full of interesting stories
B．Archimedes and Newton were very busy，so they made great discoveries
C．people may get inspiration when they are idle
D．inspiration comes from hard work
解析： 推理判断题。文章最后列举阿基米德在浴缸里洗澡时发现阿基米德定律和牛顿在苹果树下休息被苹果砸中发现万有引力定律的故事旨在说明，人们在闲暇时光也可能会获得灵感。
答案： C
3．The underlined word “its” in the second paragraph refers to “________”．
A．ambition B．anxiety
C．busyness D．dread
解析： 代词指代题。根据画线词所在句的内容可知，这些人沉溺于忙碌的状态，害怕面对不忙碌，因此选C。
答案： C
4．From the article，we can infer that________.
A．generally people pulling back to back shifts in the ICU tell you they are busy
B．“dead on their feet” means “being tired out”
C．all the kids are self imposed due to the drive and motivation
D．the author seems to agree that idleness is better than busyness
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“What those people are is not busy but tired.Exhausted！Dead on their feet.”可知，dead on their feet的意思是“他们疲惫不堪”，故B项正确。
答案： B
Test 2
(2013·湖北省鄂西示范校高中毕业班质量检查)
It’s momentary carelessness that can cost hundreds.But the broken screens that result from dropped iPhones could become a thing of the past thanks to an unlikely invention—an airbag for smartphones.
The pioneering technology makes use of the motion sensors that are now built into most smartphones to detect when it has entered an airborne state，so that a mini airbag can be set off to cushion its fall.
The idea comes from the rapid developing technology department at Amazon，which won a patent for the protective system this week.Apart from mobile phones，the technology could be used on electronic readers，including the online seller’s own Kindle，as well as computer tablets and cameras.
Amazon’s founder，Jeff Bezos，applied for a patent himself.It reads：“Previous to collision between a surface and a device，a determination of a risk of damage to the device is made.If the risk of damage to the device goes beyond a threshold (临界值)，a protection system is made active to reduce or remove damage to the device.”
The airbag would use the data from a mobile phone’s built in gyroscope，camera，accelerometers and other such sensors，according to the patent.Then，if it is determined that the device has been dropped，the technology will set off the release of airbags and could even include air jets to change its course in mid air.
While there is no indication of when the protective system will be available，it is clear that there is a large market for it.In the UK alone，tens of millions of pounds are spent on iPhone repairs each year.
Victor Seidel，a lecturer in science entrepreneurship at Oxford University，said，“Jeff Bezos is a man known for going his own way and being successful，but I think the real question is：has he come up with the idea because he keeps dropping his own phone？”
Mr Seidel said that the technology could put an end to “annoying cases”，but expressed concerns about the practicality of its production，adding，“I am not sure whether the next phone I buy will be fitted with an airbag but we are often surprised by what ideas become successful.”
语篇解读 美国亚马逊公司新近研发了一款针对智能手机等移动设备的安全气囊，它在手机跌落过程中会自动弹出，使手机免受摔“伤”之苦。
5．From the first paragraph we can infer that ________.
A．the invention is unlikely to come true
B．smartphones are far from being perfect now
C．it may cost a lot to repair your broken iPhones
D．hundreds of phones are broken because of carelessness
解析： 考查推理判断。第一句话就提到一瞬间的粗心就可能带来极大的损失，接着提到iPhone掉下时会摔坏屏幕，维修屏幕应该价格不菲。故C项符合文意。
答案： C
6．What does the underlined word mean in Paragraph 2
A．stop B．soften
C．accelerate D．monitor
解析： 考查词义猜测。根据文意和常识可知，打开气囊的作用应该是为了减缓冲击，soften意思是“使柔和，使缓和”，符合语境。
答案： B
7．What is the correct order of how the airbag works
a．The phone hits the ground safely.
B．Motion sensors begin to work.
c．It is determined that the phone has been dropped.
D．The phone falls out of control.
e．The airbag is released.
A．cbdae B．dbcea
C．cbaed D．bdeca
解析： 考查细节理解。根据第二段以及第四、五段可以知道答案为B项。
答案： B
8．From what Victor Seidel said we can see that________.
A．he didn’t believe the invention would succeed
B．he thought the technology was not effective
C．he thought it a bit difficult to put the invention into practice
D．he doubted whether the idea was Jeff Bezos’
解析： 考查细节理解。由最后一段中的“but expressed concerns about the practicality of its production”可知，他对这项发明投入生产的可行性表示担忧，故C项符合文意。
答案： C
Test 3
(2013·湖北省黄冈市部分中学高三上学期统一调研考试)
Embarrassing yourself in a social situation is the stuff of nightmares (噩梦)．
Several years ago，while waiting in the hall of a hotel for a friend，Miriam Silverberg talked with a young receptionist，who was wearing a flowing shirt.
“She told me she hated her job，her boss and her co workers，”Silverberg says.
“So I comforted her，saying that I didn’t think she’d be there much longer.She asked why and I said，‘Well，once the baby is born，won’t you be taking maternity leave (产假)？’ She said in a very injured tone，‘But I’m not married yet.’”
Eight years ago，Scott Stratten was talking to his wife about that day’s performance review.He warned her that he could be fired.
During the review he didn’t get fired，but received a raise.Excited，he wrote her an e mail saying，“Honey，not only did the idiots (白痴) not fire me，but they gave me a raise！” He then mindlessly selected his boss’s e mail address and sent him the message.
Stratten realized the mistake almost immediately he did so.Stratten says，“I felt so stupid that I even did the ‘I’ll try and press the computer cable so the message won’t get through’ move.” He was then certain he was going to get fired，especially when he saw his boss coming up.“He laughed and said，‘That was a good one，man！’ and kept walking.I still get the sweats thinking about it.”
When she was a receptionist for a law firm，Heather Hefner would spend her free time reading gossip blogs. She had just entered the URL for a site that took a while to load when a senior partner walked in and began chatting at her desk.He kept looking at her computer screen，but she didn’t want to draw attention to the gossip site，so she kept her focus on him.When he left，she turned back to the computer and saw a big picture of David Beckham.
At the entrance to a company in London，all employees had to sign their names on a piece of paper when they arrived each morning.At nine o’clock，a lady would draw a red line under the last name，and whoever came after that had to explain to the manager.
Whenever there was a thick fog in the city，the first man or woman to arrive late usually wrote the reason “Delayed by fog” and then everyone else after that put “Ditto” below.
One morning，however，the first man who arrived late wrote “Wife gave birth to a baby last night.” instead of“Delayed by fog”．Nine male and three female workers after him put “Ditto” below as usual.
Just before they left work in the afternoon，all of the twelve were informed that they were wanted immediately in the manager’s office.
语篇解读 本文讲述了几件社交场合出现的令人尴尬的事情，读后让人忍俊不禁。
9.It is likely that the receptionist whom Miriam Silverberg talked with________.
A．was thankful to Miriam Silverberg
B．was going to have a baby very soon
C．was Miriam Silverberg’s close friend
D．was quite fat and wearing a loose shirt
解析： 考查推理判断。根据第一个故事内容可知，女招待未婚却被Miriam Silverberg误以为快要生小孩了，不难推测出她可能比较胖，穿的衣服也比较宽松。
答案： D
10．Heather Hefner kept her focus on the senior partner because________.
A．she was not interested in the gossip site
B．she was interested in chatting with him
C．she didn’t want him to find her reading gossip blogs
D．she didn’t want him to find her watching the picture of Beckham
解析： 考查细节理解。由第三个故事中的“but she didn’t want to draw attention to the gossip site，so she kept her focus on him”可知答案。
答案： C
11．The underlined word “Ditto” most probably means ________.
A．Delayed by fog B．Wife delivered a baby
C．The same D．Definitely on time tomorrow
解析： 考查词义猜测。因大雾而迟到的第一个人签到写的是“Delayed by fog”，后来的人图省事而写：Ditto同上。
答案： C
12．When the manager in the last story found what the twelve workers had written，he________.
A．surely believed they were telling the truth
B．would give their wives and babies some gifts
C．was surprised that so many babies were born on the same night
D．probably realized they didn’t bother to read what the first man had written
解析： 考查推理判断。根据第四个故事内容可知，第一个迟到的人写“昨夜妻子分娩”，其他迟到的人都写“同上”。经理因此知道其他迟到人员没有看第一个人写的内容。
答案： D
PAGE
5
Test 1
(2013·湖北省八市高三年级三月调考)
If you live in America in the 21st century you’ll probably hear a lot of people tell you how busy they are.It’s become the default response when you ask anyone how they are doing：“Busy！”“Crazy busy！” It is pretty obviously a boast disguised as a complaint.And the common response is a kind of congratulation：“That’s a good problem to have.” or “Better than the opposite.”
Notice it isn’t generally people pulling back to back shifts in the ICU or commuting by bus to three minimum wage jobs who tell you how busy they are.What those people are is not busy but tired.Exhausted！Dead on their feet.It’s almost always people whose busyness is purely self imposed：work and obligations they’ve taken on voluntarily，classes and activities they’ve “encouraged” their kids to participate in.They’re busy because of their own ambition or drive or anxiety，because they’re addicted to busyness and dread that they might have to face in its absence.
Almost everyone I know is busy.They feel anxious and guilty when they aren’t either working or doing something to promote their work.It’s something they have chosen.Busyness serves as a kind of existential reassurance (令人安心的保证)，a measure against emptiness；obviously your life cannot possibly be silly or tiny or meaningless if you are so busy，completely booked，in demand every hour of the day.
Idleness is not just a vacation.It is as necessary to the brain as vitamin D is to the body，and deprived of it we suffer a mental affliction as ugly as rickets.The space and quiet that idleness provides is a necessary condition for standing back from life and seeing it whole，for making unexpected connections and waiting for the wild summer lightning strikes of inspiration.“Idle dreaming is often the essence of what we do，” wrote Thomas Pynchon.Archimedes’ “Eureka” in the bath，Newton’s apple：history is full of stories of inspiration that comes in idle moments.
语篇解读 这是个忙碌的社会，我们随处都能听到人们说自己太忙，并且强迫自己忙碌起来。但是我们的生活中需要悠闲的时光，阿基米德、牛顿等科学家就是在悠闲的时候得到灵感的。
1．When many Americans say “Crazy busy”，they mean________.
A．they are really tired of their present situation
B．they are really proud of their present life
C．they are complaining about their current work
D．their lives are full of all kinds of problems
解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段的第三句，人们在回答说他们很忙的时候，其实显然是用埋怨的方式炫耀(a boast disguised as a complaint)以及第四句中对此的回应可知，应选B。
答案： B
2．The writer mentions Archimedes’ “Eureka” and Newton’s apple to show that________.
A．history is full of interesting stories
B．Archimedes and Newton were very busy，so they made great discoveries
C．people may get inspiration when they are idle
D．inspiration comes from hard work
解析： 推理判断题。文章最后列举阿基米德在浴缸里洗澡时发现阿基米德定律和牛顿在苹果树下休息被苹果砸中发现万有引力定律的故事旨在说明，人们在闲暇时光也可能会获得灵感。
答案： C
3．The underlined word “its” in the second paragraph refers to “________”．
A．ambition B．anxiety
C．busyness D．dread
解析： 代词指代题。根据画线词所在句的内容可知，这些人沉溺于忙碌的状态，害怕面对不忙碌，因此选C。
答案： C
4．From the article，we can infer that________.
A．generally people pulling back to back shifts in the ICU tell you they are busy
B．“dead on their feet” means “being tired out”
C．all the kids are self imposed due to the drive and motivation
D．the author seems to agree that idleness is better than busyness
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“What those people are is not busy but tired.Exhausted！Dead on their feet.”可知，dead on their feet的意思是“他们疲惫不堪”，故B项正确。
答案： B
Test 2
(2013·湖北省鄂西示范校高中毕业班质量检查)
It’s momentary carelessness that can cost hundreds.But the broken screens that result from dropped iPhones could become a thing of the past thanks to an unlikely invention—an airbag for smartphones.
The pioneering technology makes use of the motion sensors that are now built into most smartphones to detect when it has entered an airborne state，so that a mini airbag can be set off to cushion its fall.
The idea comes from the rapid developing technology department at Amazon，which won a patent for the protective system this week.Apart from mobile phones，the technology could be used on electronic readers，including the online seller’s own Kindle，as well as computer tablets and cameras.
Amazon’s founder，Jeff Bezos，applied for a patent himself.It reads：“Previous to collision between a surface and a device，a determination of a risk of damage to the device is made.If the risk of damage to the device goes beyond a threshold (临界值)，a protection system is made active to reduce or remove damage to the device.”
The airbag would use the data from a mobile phone’s built in gyroscope，camera，accelerometers and other such sensors，according to the patent.Then，if it is determined that the device has been dropped，the technology will set off the release of airbags and could even include air jets to change its course in mid air.
While there is no indication of when the protective system will be available，it is clear that there is a large market for it.In the UK alone，tens of millions of pounds are spent on iPhone repairs each year.
Victor Seidel，a lecturer in science entrepreneurship at Oxford University，said，“Jeff Bezos is a man known for going his own way and being successful，but I think the real question is：has he come up with the idea because he keeps dropping his own phone？”
Mr Seidel said that the technology could put an end to “annoying cases”，but expressed concerns about the practicality of its production，adding，“I am not sure whether the next phone I buy will be fitted with an airbag but we are often surprised by what ideas become successful.”
语篇解读 美国亚马逊公司新近研发了一款针对智能手机等移动设备的安全气囊，它在手机跌落过程中会自动弹出，使手机免受摔“伤”之苦。
5．From the first paragraph we can infer that ________.
A．the invention is unlikely to come true
B．smartphones are far from being perfect now
C．it may cost a lot to repair your broken iPhones
D．hundreds of phones are broken because of carelessness
解析： 考查推理判断。第一句话就提到一瞬间的粗心就可能带来极大的损失，接着提到iPhone掉下时会摔坏屏幕，维修屏幕应该价格不菲。故C项符合文意。
答案： C
6．What does the underlined word mean in Paragraph 2
A．stop B．soften
C．accelerate D．monitor
解析： 考查词义猜测。根据文意和常识可知，打开气囊的作用应该是为了减缓冲击，soften意思是“使柔和，使缓和”，符合语境。
答案： B
7．What is the correct order of how the airbag works
a．The phone hits the ground safely.
B．Motion sensors begin to work.
c．It is determined that the phone has been dropped.
D．The phone falls out of control.
e．The airbag is released.
A．cbdae B．dbcea
C．cbaed D．bdeca
解析： 考查细节理解。根据第二段以及第四、五段可以知道答案为B项。
答案： B
8．From what Victor Seidel said we can see that________.
A．he didn’t believe the invention would succeed
B．he thought the technology was not effective
C．he thought it a bit difficult to put the invention into practice
D．he doubted whether the idea was Jeff Bezos’
解析： 考查细节理解。由最后一段中的“but expressed concerns about the practicality of its production”可知，他对这项发明投入生产的可行性表示担忧，故C项符合文意。
答案： C
Test 3
(2013·湖北省黄冈市部分中学高三上学期统一调研考试)
Embarrassing yourself in a social situation is the stuff of nightmares (噩梦)．
Several years ago，while waiting in the hall of a hotel for a friend，Miriam Silverberg talked with a young receptionist，who was wearing a flowing shirt.
“She told me she hated her job，her boss and her co workers，”Silverberg says.
“So I comforted her，saying that I didn’t think she’d be there much longer.She asked why and I said，‘Well，once the baby is born，won’t you be taking maternity leave (产假)？’ She said in a very injured tone，‘But I’m not married yet.’”
Eight years ago，Scott Stratten was talking to his wife about that day’s performance review.He warned her that he could be fired.
During the review he didn’t get fired，but received a raise.Excited，he wrote her an e mail saying，“Honey，not only did the idiots (白痴) not fire me，but they gave me a raise！” He then mindlessly selected his boss’s e mail address and sent him the message.
Stratten realized the mistake almost immediately he did so.Stratten says，“I felt so stupid that I even did the ‘I’ll try and press the computer cable so the message won’t get through’ move.” He was then certain he was going to get fired，especially when he saw his boss coming up.“He laughed and said，‘That was a good one，man！’ and kept walking.I still get the sweats thinking about it.”
When she was a receptionist for a law firm，Heather Hefner would spend her free time reading gossip blogs. She had just entered the URL for a site that took a while to load when a senior partner walked in and began chatting at her desk.He kept looking at her computer screen，but she didn’t want to draw attention to the gossip site，so she kept her focus on him.When he left，she turned back to the computer and saw a big picture of David Beckham.
At the entrance to a company in London，all employees had to sign their names on a piece of paper when they arrived each morning.At nine o’clock，a lady would draw a red line under the last name，and whoever came after that had to explain to the manager.
Whenever there was a thick fog in the city，the first man or woman to arrive late usually wrote the reason “Delayed by fog” and then everyone else after that put “Ditto” below.
One morning，however，the first man who arrived late wrote “Wife gave birth to a baby last night.” instead of“Delayed by fog”．Nine male and three female workers after him put “Ditto” below as usual.
Just before they left work in the afternoon，all of the twelve were informed that they were wanted immediately in the manager’s office.
语篇解读 本文讲述了几件社交场合出现的令人尴尬的事情，读后让人忍俊不禁。
9.It is likely that the receptionist whom Miriam Silverberg talked with________.
A．was thankful to Miriam Silverberg
B．was going to have a baby very soon
C．was Miriam Silverberg’s close friend
D．was quite fat and wearing a loose shirt
解析： 考查推理判断。根据第一个故事内容可知，女招待未婚却被Miriam Silverberg误以为快要生小孩了，不难推测出她可能比较胖，穿的衣服也比较宽松。
答案： D
10．Heather Hefner kept her focus on the senior partner because________.
A．she was not interested in the gossip site
B．she was interested in chatting with him
C．she didn’t want him to find her reading gossip blogs
D．she didn’t want him to find her watching the picture of Beckham
解析： 考查细节理解。由第三个故事中的“but she didn’t want to draw attention to the gossip site，so she kept her focus on him”可知答案。
答案： C
11．The underlined word “Ditto” most probably means ________.
A．Delayed by fog B．Wife delivered a baby
C．The same D．Definitely on time tomorrow
解析： 考查词义猜测。因大雾而迟到的第一个人签到写的是“Delayed by fog”，后来的人图省事而写：Ditto同上。
答案： C
12．When the manager in the last story found what the twelve workers had written，he________.
A．surely believed they were telling the truth
B．would give their wives and babies some gifts
C．was surprised that so many babies were born on the same night
D．probably realized they didn’t bother to read what the first man had written
解析： 考查推理判断。根据第四个故事内容可知，第一个迟到的人写“昨夜妻子分娩”，其他迟到的人都写“同上”。经理因此知道其他迟到人员没有看第一个人写的内容。
答案： D
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