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Unit 4课时跟踪检测(二) Warm up & Lesson 1 — Language
Points
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．When an animal is under attack (攻击), it chooses to run away or fight back.
2．My wallet has disappeared (消失) from the table.
3．It is obvious (明显的) that she is very clever.
4．I feel bad that I didn't offer (提供) any food to them.
5．The destruction (破坏) of the natural living places makes wild animals less and less.
6．Profits of all companies are being affected by the economic crisis.
7．Since you know smoking does great harm to your health, why not give it up
8．By keeping a diary, you can improve your writing skills more rapidly.
9．Our washing machine broke down yesterday and flooded the kitchen.
10．The plane crashed into the mountain, but luckily the pilot survived.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and making up jokes.
2．Organizations of all kinds now recognize the Internet as effective means for global (globe) communication.
3．At dawn the army attacked (attack) the town and finally captured it.
4．She could have been the focus of everyone's attention, but to her disappointment, all people in the picture were out of focus.
5．It was never clear why the man hadn't reported the accident sooner.
6．—I'll give Bob a ring.
—You should. You haven't been in touch with him for ages.
7．He wishes to become a football star and hopes it will come true some day.
8．The audience complained that too much advertising has_affected (affect) the quality of the programs.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1. Look at the dark clouds in the sky. It looks as_if_it's_going_to_rain (好像要下雨)．
2．It's_a_pity_that (真遗憾) you couldn't come to my birthday party.
3．It's_obvious_that (很显然) she will marry him.
Ⅳ.课文缩写语法填空
In the last thirty years, the Internet has grown 1.rapidly (rapid), and this growth is clearly going to continue.
Some experts are pessimistic 2.about the future.One worry is crime in cyberspace.In the future, terrorists may “attack” the world's computers, cause chaos, make planes 3.and trains crash.
4．However,_many people are optimistic about the future of 5.the Internet.Already, users can buy books, find out about holiday offers and so on.Angela Rossetto believes that, in the future, we will get 6.entertainment (entertain) from the Net and that television will probably 7.disappear (appear). The mail service may also vanish (消失) with the increasing use of e mail.
Some experts see our future in virtual 8.reality (real) — the use of computers with sounds and pictures 9.that/which make you feel as if you are in 10.a real situation.
Ⅴ.完形填空
Dear Mr Armstrong，
I was pleased to receive your letter, asking what advice I would give to the members of your club. In my opinion, __1__ field offers greater __2__ than newspaper work for young people with __3__ in writing.
Of course I'm not speaking of __4__ rewards. Anyone who wants to get rich should choose some other __5__. I can't even promise you excitement. A newspaper reporter might have to __6__ the same duties day after day. But journalism pays a living wage, and it often makes a reporter feel more __7__ than a bank president. Who can say that he is not
You have asked me __8__ to become a journalist.
First, learn how to __9__ a computer. This is one thing you must be able to do. You can either learn the __10__ in school or buy a book that __11__ how to teach yourself.
At school you should learn how to read and write your own __12__ well. You should also learn history, government, mathematics and __13__. Foreign languages are also good to know. The things that __14__ every day are not simple, and a journalist has to know__15__ in order to understand them.
If your school has a __16__， you should write for it. Editors like young people who have had experience __17__ for school papers.
There are many things you can do to prepare __18__ for a newspaper job. Read everything you can, __19__ newspapers and magazines. Discuss what you read and __20__ your own opinions.
If the members of your club have any questions that haven't been answered by this letter, please write again.
Yours
Editor, NYT
语篇解读：本文是一封回信，回答了来信中提出的问题，并对有兴趣从事新闻工作的人提出了建议。
1．A.this B．no
C．every D．each
解析：选B 通读全文可知作者谈到新闻工作的重要性及如何成为一名出色的新闻工作者，由下文中的than可知，这是一个比较句，no ... than意为“没有……比……(更)”。在作者看来，对喜欢写作的年轻人来说，没有哪一个职业比从事新闻业回报更高。
2．A.awards B．rewards
C．returns D．advantage
解析：选B 由下面的“Of course I'm not speaking of ________ rewards”中的rewards及语境可知B更符合文意。
3．A.an interest B．excitement
C．curiosity D．a love
解析：选A 由后面的in writing提示，应选用与之搭配的词an interest，意思是“对写作有兴趣的年轻人”；C项curiosity常与about 搭配使用，因此应排除。
4．A.spiritual B．individual
C．collective D．material
解析：选D 由下句的“Anyone who wants to get rich should choose some other ________.”以及“But journalism pays a living wage”判断，作者谈论的不是物质回报，而是精神上的、心理上的回报。
5．A.position B．school
C．occupation D．business
解析：选C 根据前后文中出现的“newspaper work”， “newspaper reporter”等信息词以及本句语境可知，此处所指为“职业”，故应填 occupation。答案选C。
6．A.face B．perform
C．carry D．take
解析：选B perform one's duty“做自己的工作”。为固定搭配。carry 和take要表示“承担责任，做自己的工作”，需要分别用carry out one's duty 和take on a duty。从搭配来看，只有B项可选。
7．A.wealthy B．excited
C．important D．burdened
解析：选C 新闻工作者社会责任重大，他们拿工资，不可能富有，但他们常常揭露社会的黑暗，帮助弱势群体，所以他们会觉得自己比银行行长还重要。A项wealthy与文章主旨相悖。
8．A.how B．whether
C．when D．where
解析：选A 下文给出了几个如何成为出色的新闻工作者建议，故信中询问：怎样成为新闻工作者？
9．A.fix B．find
C．use D．get
解析：选C 新闻工作的特点是采访和写报道，电脑一般是用来写稿子，编辑稿子，故应用use一词，表示学习使用计算机，而不是维修(fix)或获得(get)。
10．A.subject B．ability
C．knowledge D．skill
解析：选D 对记者而言，知道使用计算机(强调操作技能，而不是知识，如设计软件等)就足够了。结合语境可知选D。
11．A.writes B．reads
C．introduces D．explains
解析：选D 这种技能可在学校也可从书本上获得，书上一般会详细讲解具体的操作步骤。受汉语影响，容易误选A项(写)或C项(介绍)。如选A项，其正确结构应为： ... a book that is written about ...。此处的explain(讲解，解释)符合文意。
12．A.book B．language
C．homework D．notes
解析：选B 根据下句所提还学历史、管理、数学可推测此处应该选“语言”最符合文意。
13．A.physics B．science
C．English D．biology
解析：选B 由文化常识知西方国家的科学(science)科目包括物理、化学和生物。因此，应排除A、D两项。C项属语言类，且下文的“Foreign languages are also good to know”已提到，故排除。
14．A.happen B．exist
C．show D．appear
解析：选A 新闻工作者面对的是新闻，而新闻是每天发生的，故用happen。
15．A.a lot B．a little
C．a bit D．a few
解析：选A 前面说到每天发生的事情不简单，因此要明白它们就得多懂点各种知识。know a lot“懂得不少”，符合语境。
16．A.club B．textbook
C．newspaper D．library
解析：选C 由上下文“for school papers” 的提示可知，如果学校办报，你应该为其投稿。
17．A.editing B．printing
C．paying D．working
解析：选D 常识告诉我们，往往有工作经验的人容易被雇用。此处指：曾经为学校报纸工作过的人。editing和printing都属于working for papers的范围。
18．A.yourself B．ourselves
C．themselves D．itself
解析：选A 根据句子结构，与前面的you一致，应用反身代词yourself。此处表示“使(你自己)为……做准备”。
19．A.namely B．certainly
C．especially D．specially
解析：选C 为从事新闻业而做的准备工作是要读所有能读的东西，尤其是报纸和杂志，因为新闻工作者的主要职责就是出版报纸和杂志。specially“专门的”，不合语境。
20．A.organize B．change
C．form D．make
解析：选C 前文讲述了为找一份从事新闻业的工作如何做准备，所以要求读报纸和杂志，并且读完后与人讨论形成自己的观点。form意为“形成，构成”，符合语境。
Ⅵ.阅读理解
Tim Berners Lee is the man who wrote the software programme that led to the foundation of the World Wide Web. Britain played an important part in developing the first generation of computers. The parents of Tim Berners Lee both worked on one of the earliest commercial computers and talked about their work at home. As a child he would build models of computers from packaging material. After graduating from Oxford University he went on to the real thing. In the 1980's, scientists were already using a primitive version (原始版本) of e mail. While working at a laboratory in Switzerland Tim Berners Lee wrote a programme which let him store these messages. In 1990 he wrote the HTTP (服务程序所用的协议) and HTML (超文本链接标示语言) programmes which form the basis of the World Wide Web.
The next year his programmes were placed on to the Internet. Everyone was welcome to use them and improve them if they could. Programmers used his codes to work with different operating systems. New things like web browsers (浏览器) and search engines were developed. Between 1991 and 1994 the number of web pages rose from 10 to 100, 000.
In 1994 Tim Berners Lee formed the newly formed World Wide Web Consortium (协会) or W3C.More than 200 leading companies and laboratories are represented (代表) by W3C.Together they make sure that everyone can participate equally on the Web.
语篇解读：本文主要介绍万维网的发明者：蒂姆·伯纳斯·李爵士 Sir Timothy John Tim Berners Lee ，他开发出了世界上第一个网页浏览器。
1．The main idea of this passage is ________.
A．when the Internet appeared
B．how Tim Berners Lee formed W3C
C．why computers develop so rapidly
D．how the World Wide Web started
解析：选D 主旨大意题。纵观全文从“In the 1980's, scientists were already using a primitive version (原始版本) of e mail.”这句话开始，下面的第一段的内容和整个第二段都是在讲Tim Berners Lee怎样start the World Wide Web。
2．Scientists began to use e mail ________.
A．in 1980 B．after the 1980's
C．in the 1980's D．in the 1960's
解析：选C 细节理解题。从“In the 1980's, scientists were already using a primitive version (原始版本) of e mail.”这句话中可以得出答案是80代。
3．Which of the following is NOT true
A．The number of web pages rose very rapidly in the 1990's.
B．Tim's programmes were placed on to the Internet in 1990.
C．The World Wide Web will have an effect (影响) on social development.
D．Tim Berners Lee made a great contribution to the computer science.
解析：选B 推理判断题。从第一段的最后一句话和第二段的第一句话可以看出“Tim's programmes were placed on to the Internet in 1991”。PAGE
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Unit 4 课时跟踪检测(三) Lesson 2 & Lesson 3
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．We eventually arrived at our destination (目的地)．
2．We had an arrangement (安排) to meet each other this morning, but she didn't turn up at all.
3．We should do something for the Project (工程) Hope.
4．The scientific (科学的) method will help you remember more words within less time.
5．You'll have the opportunity (机会) to ask any questions at the end.
6．The teachers put forward some good suggestions on the development of the school.
7．Do you fancy playing basketball with us this weekend
8．For a millionaire,_the cost of a luxury car is a drop in the bucket.
9．This historical document records the lives of some officials in the Han Dynasty.
10．They have packed their bags and are ready to start out immediately.
Ⅱ.选词填空
be up to， get in touch with， hang on， depend on， do with， in the flesh， pay attention to， take part in
1．It has been five years since I got_in_touch_with him.
2．What should I do_with this old computer
3．It's said that the mayor will come to our city in_the_flesh.
4．It is_up_to you to decide where we will go for a holiday.
5．You must pay_attention_to your handwriting in order to let others see it clearly.
6．It depends_on whether you've got enough time.
7．It is reported that the soccer player will take_part_in the 2018 World Cup.
8．Hang_on,_please, I'll just see if he is here.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．If Bill had_told (tell) me yesterday, I should know what to do now.
2．But for their help, we could_not_have_finished (not finish) the program on time.
3．Jane could_be (be) prettier, but she doesn't care much about her clothes.
4．If you agree, we will_carry (carry) out the plan next week.
5．If my brother were (be) here, everything would be better.
6．He would_have_given (give) you more help, but he was so busy at that time.
7．Please tell her the news when she comes (come)．
8．If he had been free last week, he would__have_taken (take) part in the activity.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．He knew that he could_depend_on/upon_her_to_deal_with_the_situation.
他知道他可以依靠她去应付这种局面。
2．The dentist suggested that she_(should)_come_another_day.
那位牙医建议她改天再来。
3．I noticed she had just finished_packing_them_up_by_herself.
我注意到她自己刚把它们包装好。
4．I used to see Sam quite often, but now we have_lost_touch_with_each_other.
我过去经常去看萨姆，但现在我们相互已失去了联系。
5．After I_hung_up I remembered what I'd wanted to say.
我挂断电话之后才想起来原本想说的话。
6．Not only did_he_make_a_promise,_but (also) he kept it.
他不仅许下了诺言，而且也做到了。
7．Though in the green, he may not be_up_to_the_task.
尽管年富力强，他也许不能胜任这项任务。
8．I don't want to go out because I'm tired. What's_more,_it is raining.
我不想出去，因为我累了。另外，正在下雨。
Ⅴ.课文缩写语法填空
Tom and Cathy are talking about their plans for this weekend.Cathy will be busy this weekend 1.because she must finish her project on 2.the history of the Internet for next Monday's lesson.And Tom will probably go camping, but it 3.depends (depend) on the weather.If it rains, he will stay at home and help Cathy 4.with her project.Cathy is very thankful to his offer. And she hopes he can give her some 5.suggestions (suggest) about books on the project, and then she will look for them in the library.Tom suggests she 6.use (use) the library computer to look for the information.He will send her the website address when he 7.gets (get) home.Cathy imagines that they would not only be able to travel around the world, but also go to study in any world famous universities 8.where they wanted to go if they had virtual reality holidays.Although Tom doesn't understand 9.completely (complete), he thinks it could be really 10.exciting (excite)．
Ⅵ.阅读理解
David Braben is a very well known game developer who runs the UK development studio, Frontier Developments, but is just as well known for being the developer of “Elite”．
Over his career his studio has brought us the “Rollercoaster Tycoon” series and most recently “Kinectimals”. In the background, however, Braben has been trying to solve another problem: getting programming and general learning of how computers work back into schools.
Braben says that education since we entered the 2 000s has turned towards teaching useful skills such as writing on computer, how to get information, and learning basic computer use skills. And those have supplanted more computer science like skills such as basic programming and understanding the hardware (硬件) contained in a computer.
His solution is not to create his own course, but instead to make a low cost PC that can be given to kids for free and his courses are built up around their use.A personal computer is important for each student to have in class.When we say “low cost”， we mean the cost is so low that even “One Laptop per Child” would be realized.Braben has developed a tiny PC.How much is the cost？$25.This is the answer to anyone that says he/she can't afford a computer.The hardware being offered is good, too.The new tiny PC will let the user look through the Internet and give the user a fully functional (功能) computer to play with.And it can be carried in your pocket or on a key chain.
This tiny cheap PC is going to be given to schools through a new charitable foundation (慈善机构) called the Raspberry Pi Foundation.It will help computer science studies in schools.Braben says he hopes that they will be given within the next 12 months.
语篇解读：David Braben研制了只有钥匙扣那么小的计算机，而且免费地送给学校的孩子们。
1．What David Braben has been trying to do is ________.
A．running the UK development studio
B．letting children learn science like skills
C．creating more advanced computers
D．creating more computer games
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Braben has been trying to solve another problem: getting programming and general learning of how computers work back into schools.”可以推断出答案。
2．What does the underlined word “supplanted” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Used. B．Changed.
C．Designed. D．Replaced.
解析：选D 词义猜测题。根据语境可知此处指电脑应用技术已取代了computer science like skills。
3．What do we know about the PC David Braben is developing
A．It is small and very cheap.
B．Its hardware isn't very good.
C．It isn't a fully functional one.
D．It is cheap and not special.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“This tiny, cheap PC”可知David Braben研制的计算机又小又便宜。
4．What kind of person do you think David Braben is
A．He is mean, rich and famous.
B．He is able, wise and mean.
C．He is rich, selfish and successful.
D．He is able, famous and warm hearted.
解析：选D 推理判断题。通读全文后知道Braben是有名的电子游戏的开发者，开发了许多产品。他研制了小的计算机，而且免费地送给孩子们，可知他是有才华的、著名并且充满爱心的。
Ⅶ.阅读七选五
Laptop computers give us easy access to our emails, the Internet, or anything else you would use a computer for. __1__ Here are some suggestions on how to select a laptop or a notebook computer：
__2__
You are looking for a laptop that suits your needs well, so if you are frequently traveling or are going to be transporting your laptop to different locations frequently, you must want to get a laptop that is light and not one that is big and bulky.
Consider what kind of computer software programs you will be using on your laptop or notebook computer.
This will help you determine what kind of operating system would be best for you. Options include getting the Windows operating system on your laptop or getting a Mac notebook.
__3__
If you are performing more simple applications such as surfing the Internet and creating Word documents, you don't need a computer with the most processing power. These lower processing power computers are often referred to as netbooks.
Consider how you will be connecting to the Internet.
If you'll be using an Ethernet cable to connect to a home network, you will want a notebook with a wired Ethernet port. __4__
Consider the battery life.
If you will be moving around frequently and need to use your computer in places where you can't plug it in, be sure to get a laptop with a longer battery life.
Consider the security features.
Some notebooks come with additional security features. __5__
If you will be multi tasking and using multiple computer programs at the same time, be sure to get a notebook with more RAMs and a faster processor than normal.
A．If you plan on connecting to the Internet from multiple places such as cafes or libraries, choose a computer that is Wi Fi compatible.
B．Consider how you plan on using the laptop.
C．Laptops have many different sizes and features so you have to focus on what is important to you as a user.
D．Consider the size of the notebook computer.
E．It is likely that other notebook and laptop users will have opinions about available products, so try to take them to heart when weighing your options.
F．Consider upgrades and limitations.
G．It's possible to require an extra password to gain access to the operating system.
答案：1～5 CDBAGPAGE
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Unit 4 课时跟踪检测(四) Lesson 4
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．We need a local person to help us as a guide (导游) on the tour around the city.
2．Growing tourism (旅游业) brings in an increasing number of tourists to the island.
3．The several villages were completely covered by ashes from the volcano (火山)．
4．In spite of the storm, the ship sailed into the harbor (海港), safe and sound.
5．During my three months' stay in the village, I collected enough material (材料) for two or three books.
6．She comes here every Saturday evening as regular as clockwork (时钟)．
7．After they got the present job, the couple settled down in that country.
8．You can have a bird view of the city from the top of the mountain.
9．The New York Times newspaper reports that, on average,_people experience feelings of loneliness about 48 days a year.
10．What a pleasure it is to lie on the sandy beach, enjoying the sunshine.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Chengdu is known as “Land of Abundance” (天府之国)．
2．Is the East Pearl Tower located in the center of Shanghai
3．There are plenty of eggs in the fridge.
4．My work is far from perfect.
5．She has decided to go back to teaching.
6．Jenny decided to phone her parents regularly (regular), once a week.
7．He had to speak in a loud voice in order to make himself heard (hear)．
8．With a great weight taken (take) off her mind, she passed all the tests successfully.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．With_a_lot_of_work_to_do (有很多工作要做), I can't go to the park.
2．I_haven't_seen_him (我没有见到他) since he left Shanghai.
3．The cruel boss made his workers working_day_and_night (夜以继日地工作)．
4．It's not polite to speak with_your_mouth_full (满嘴东西)．
5．Tom managed to make_himself_understood (让别人理解自己)．
6．With_so_many_students_talking_in_the_classroom (这么多的学生在教室里说话), it is noisy there.
Ⅳ.课文缩写语法填空
Auckland is 1.the largest city in New Zealand.It is a seaside city.The history of the city goes back to 650 years 2.when the Maoris settled in the area.European 3.settlement (settle) began in 1840.Auckland was 4.the capital of New Zealand for some time.Later, the capital moved to Wellington, 5.because it was more central. Auckland is growing rapidly and it now has large modern suburbs.
Auckland has many famous 6.sights (sight). In the city, you can enjoy an 7.amazing (amaze) view from Sky Tower.It has a warm climate with plenty of sunshine — the average temperature in January (summer) is 23.4℃ 8.and in July (winter) it is 7.8℃.
It is easy 9.to_travel (travel) between Auckland and the rest of New Zealand.There 10.are (be) also regular international flights.
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
Petra may be the treasure of the world, hidden among mountains. Its most beautiful scenery makes it the greatest ancient site still standing mon sense says，“Perhaps there's nothing on the planet that resembles it.”Without doubt, there's nothing on the world that resembles it. The rock carved (雕刻的) rose red town of Petra is filled with mysterious_charm;_it had been “designed to strike wonder into all who entered it”．
Petra is the most well known and beautiful site in Jordan that is about 262 km south of Amman, and 133 km north of Aqaba. The Dead Sea is 80 kilometers north of it. It was the legacy from the Nabataeans, who settled in the southwest of Jordan a lot more than 2,000 years back. Because of its excellent culture, buildings and many water channels, Petra has become a UNESCO world heritage site and one of the New Seven Wonders of the World that attracts visitors all over the world.
To get there, you must pass through a kilometer long, cool, dark and narrow gorge (峡谷) whose two high sides keep the sunlight out. Suddenly the gorge opens right into a natural square covered with Petra's most well known monuments (遗址), which glow in the bright sun.The old town shows the visitors its beautiful look. It leads people to think about the creativity of the Nabataeans who made Petra as their capital.
Petra flourished for more than 400 years at about the time of Rome until it had been occupied through the Roman legions in 106 AD. Petra has 800 monuments, including buildings, tombs, baths, halls, temples, and streets, which were mostly carved in the pretty sandstone.
Petra sights are in their finest at the beginning of morning and late afternoon. Once the sun warms the colorful stones, you will see the greatness of Petra since it was seen first when discovered in 1812 after being lost through the 16th century for nearly 300 years!
语篇解读：约旦的佩拉古城是联合国教科文组织命名的世界遗产，它是新的世界七大奇迹之一。它隐藏在深谷之中，只有参观了它的人才能领略到它那令人惊叹的美。
1．From the text we can learn that ________.
A．Petra is on the top of a high mountain
B．Petra is a palace of the king in the old days
C．no place in the world can be similar to Petra
D．the Nabataeans built Petra in 106 AD
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第一段的“Perhaps there's nothing on the planet that resembles it”确定C项为正确答案。其余选项与原文意思不符。
2．What does the underlined part “mysterious charm” in Paragraph 1 mean
A．The unbelievable power to attract people.
B．All kinds of visitors from the world.
C．A number of usual places of interest.
D．The shops, restaurants and hotels.
解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据其后文“... it had been ‘designed to strike wonder into all who entered it’(它被设计出来就是为了让参观它的人感受到奇迹)”可猜出该处意为：“Petra充满难以置信的魅力”。mysterious charm“难以置信的魅力”。
3．Visitors' reaching Petra ________.
A．must be disappointed
B．must be very convenient
C．must be very comfortable
D．may not be very easy
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段的“To get there, you must pass through a kilometer long, cool, dark and narrow gorge (峡谷) whose two high sides keep the sunlight out”可知到达Petra的路不好走。因此选D。
4．What can we learn from the text
A．You'd better enjoy the beautiful scenery at the beginning of morning and late afternoon.
B．Because it had been occupied, Petra was lost through the 16th century.
C．Petra was developing quickly and strongly for more than 800 years.
D．Petra's monuments were all carved in the light red stones.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Petra sights are in their finest at the beginning of morning and late afternoon”确定A项为正确答案。
B
In America, Virginia Beach has all the elements of a classic seaside resort：brilliant beaches, a lively boardwalk, plenty of restaurants and nightspots, and amusement rides sure to appeal to kids.Many people believe Virginia Beach is at its best in the off season, when the town is less crowded but the weather is still mild.
Meanwhile, some safety tips should be followed, enjoying the happiness and excitement the beach offers.
The number 1 safety tip concerns ocean safety：pay attention to Flag conditions posted on the lifeguard stands. Lifeguards post a red flag to warn when the ocean water is dangerous. Take them seriously！Tourists from land locked regions are particularly easily attracted by the magic of the waves.However, a calm ocean can become risky without warning.Make sure you swim near a lifeguard.Swimming without lifeguard protection is almost five times as great as drowning at a beach with lifeguards.
Never swim alone.Many drownings involve single swimmers.When you swim with someone else, if one of you has a problem, the other may be able to get help, including signaling for assistance from others.
Don't fight the current.The facts show that 80%of rescues by lifeguards at ocean beaches are caused by currents.These currents are formed by surf and gravity，because once surf pushes water up the slope of a beach, gravity pulls it back.This can create concentrated rivers of water moving offshore.If you are caught in a rip current, don't fight it by trying to swim directly to shore.Instead, swim parallel to shore until you feel the current relax, then swim to shore.Most rip currents are narrow and a short swim parallel to shore will help bring you to safety.
语篇解读：本文主要介绍游览维珍尼亚滩时需注意的安全措施。
5．When coming to Virginia Beach, children cannot enjoy the happiness of ________.
A．walking on the road made of wood
B．joining the nightspots
C．riding a horse or a pumper car
D．surfing in the sea
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段“...brilliant beaches，a lively boardwalk，plenty of restaurants and nightspots，and amusement rides sure to appeal to kids.”可知，在维珍尼亚滩，你可以漫步在木板路上，参加夜总会；再根据最后一段“These currents are formed by surf and gravity，because once surf pushes water up the slope of a beach，gravity pulls it back.”可推断你也可以在海中冲浪，但就是不能骑马或坐车，故选C项。
6．Many people believe the best time to visit Virginia Beach may be ________.
A．after autumn school term beginning
B．in the summer vacation
C．during the Christmas holiday
D．in the cold winter
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第一段“Many people believe Virginia Beach is at its best in the off season，when the town is less crowded but the weather is still mild.”可推断，人不多，气候还尚温和的淡季是游览维珍尼亚滩的最好时间。气候还尚温和的季节应是秋季，故选A项。
7．Swimming in the sea you'd better not swim ________.
A．with a friend
B．within the sight of the lifeguard
C．with the current
D．as far as you like
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段“Make sure you swim near a lifeguard.”可知在海中游泳时不宜游得太远，故选D项。
8．The passage mainly tells us ________.
A．Virginia Beach has all the elements of a classic seaside resort
B．the happiness and excitement the beach offers
C．some safety tips when swimming in the sea
D．the dangers for tourists from land locked regions to swim in the sea
解析：选C 主旨大意题。全文围绕第二段“Meanwhile，some safety tips should be followed，enjoying the happiness and excitement the beach offers.”而写，即全文旨在介绍游览维珍尼亚滩时需注意的安全措施，故选C项。
Ⅵ.短文改错
Mark Twain was born in a small town of Horrid. When he is only twelve years old, his father died.Late he became a river boat pilot.Mark Twain was her pen name.During the American Civil War he worked as a reporter and write a lot of stories. Gradually he made his mark and his work were popular.He became one of the best known writer of the 19th century in the USA. In his life Mark Twain wrote the number of stories and novels, of them Adventure of Tom Sawyer is the most famous one.His writings have translated into many other languages, and they are deeply loved by the readers all over in the world.
答案：第二句：is→was
第三句：Late→Later
第四句：her→his
第五句：write→wrote
第六句：work→works
第七句：writer→writers
第八句：第一个the→a; them→which
第九句：translated前加been；去掉inPAGE
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Unit 4 课时跟踪检测(五) Communication Workshop, Culture
Corner & Bulletin Board
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He officially announced his retirement yesterday.
2．She's a very attractive woman.
3．Then, friends or family can communicate via phone, e mail, or the web (网)．
4．Only in the southern part of Taiwan have I seen such scenery (风景) as this.
5．The restaurant is famous for its excellent cuisine (烹饪)．
Ⅱ.选词填空
carry out， cut off， consist of， the rest of， give up
1．The book consists_of nineteen chapters.
2．Then the soldiers cut_off the ropes of the boat, and let her fall off.
3．The police officers in our city work hard in order that the_rest_of us can live a safe life.
4．No matter what difficulty you will meet with, carry_out your plan.
5．Research shows that men find it easier to give_up smoking than women.
Ⅲ.翻译句子
1．她是第一个想出这个办法的人。(the first to ...)
She_was_the_first_to_think_of_the_idea.
2．你认为哪一项是最有用处的发明？(do you think)
Which_do_you_think_is_the_most_useful_invention
3．真遗憾，这种药没什么效果。(be＋of ＋n.)
It's_a_pity_that_the_medicine_is_of_little_use.
Ⅳ.完形填空
Several years ago a young teacher took a bus to the school where he worked.When he sat down, he __1__ that the driver had given him twenty pence too much change by accident.As he __2__ what to do, he thought to himself, “I'd better give the twenty pence back.It would be __3__ to keep it.”
Then he thought, “Oh, __4__ it, it's only twenty pence.Who would care about this little amount __5__， the bus company already gets too much in fares; they will __6__ miss it.__7__ it as a gift, and keep quiet. These days I have been very __8__ because of bad health and I hope the gift can cheer me up.”
When he arrived at his __9__， the teacher paused (暂停) at the door, then he __10__ the twenty pence to the driver and said：“Here, you gave me too much __11__.”
The driver smiled and replied：“Don't you __12__ me？I took your science class last year.I am a part time driver here.I __13__ I had given you twenty pence too much.Later I thought why not __14__ a joke on you. I just wanted to __15__ what you would do __16__ I gave you too much change.”
When the young teacher __17__ the bus, his knees became weak.He had to catch the nearest street lamp pole (杆) for __18__， and looked up to the sky and cried：
“Oh, I almost lost my __19__， and didn't pass the __20__！”
语篇解读：一位老师坐公交车去学校上班时，司机多找了零钱给他。他犹豫后最终还是把多找的钱还给了司机，没想到公交车司机竟然是在考验他，而他也庆幸通过了这样一次考验。
1．A.hoped B．discovered
C．regretted D．pretended
解析：选B 从下文“he thought to himself, ‘I'd better give the twenty pence back ...’”可知，他“发现(discovered)”司机意外地多找了零钱。
2．A.explained B．discussed
C．considered D．knew
解析：选C 从下文“he thought to himself ...”可知他在“考虑(considered)”。
3．A.wrong B．true
C．easy D．clever
解析：选A 从上文“I'd better give the twenty pence back”可知他认为不把多找的钱还回去是“错误的(wrong)”。
4．A.believe B．avoid
C．throw D．forget
解析：选D 从下文“Who would care about this little amount？”可知他又认为还不还钱无所谓，所以在此用forget it表示“算了吧”。
5．A.Instead B．Therefore
C．Anyhow D．However
解析：选C 从上文的“Who would care about this little amount？”及下文的“the bus company already gets too much in fares”可知在此用anyhow表示前面的事情无关紧要，重要的是后面的事。
6．A.never B．ever
C．forever D．always
解析：选A 从上文“the bus company already gets too much in fares”可知公交公司“不会(never)”惦记多找出的那么一点小钱的。
7．A.Bring B．Accept
C．Show D．Offer
解析：选B 从下文“I hope the gift can cheer me up.”可知他“接受(Accept)”这份礼物。
8．A.unhappy B．free
C．strange D．angry
解析：选A 从下文“because of bad health and I hope the gift can cheer me up”可知他因健康状况不佳而感到“不开心(unhappy)”。
9．A.home B．school
C．stop D．office
解析：选C 从首句“Several years ago a young teacher took a bus to the school”及下文他与司机的对话可知，他到“站(stop)”准备下车。
10．A.introduced B．posted
C．lent D．returned
解析：选D 从上文“the teacher paused”和下文“Here, you gave me too much __11__”可知，他迟疑了一下然后把多找的钱“还(returned)”回去。
11．A.change B．help
C．time D．confidence
解析：选A 根据上文“too much change by accident”可知。
12．A.find B．doubt
C．remember D．refuse
解析：选C 从下文“I took your science class last year”可知，司机是这位老师的学生，所以在此问他是否“记得(remember)”自己。
13．A.realized B．expected
C．decided D．admitted
解析：选A 从下文“Later I thought why not”可知司机已经“意识(realized)”到多找了钱。
14．A.hear B．share
C．tell D．play
解析：选D 从下文“I just wanted to __15__ what you would do”可知司机想开老师的玩笑。play a joke“开玩笑”。
15．A.ask B．see
C．prove D．understand
解析：选B 解析参见下题。
16．A.unless B．because
C．if D．though
解析：选C 从下文“his knees became weak”可知老师听到学生的话双腿发软，所以在此学生只是想“看(see)”“如果(if)”他的老师拿到多找的钱会怎么做。
17．A.ran for B．waited for
C．got on D．got off
解析：选D 从下文“catch the nearest street lamp pole”可知，老师“下车(got off)”了。
18．A.pleasure B．support
C．fun D．break
解析：选B 从上文的“his knees became weak”可知，老师扶着路灯杆以“支撑(support)”。
19．A.face B．sense
C．money D．way
解析：选A 解析参见下题。
20．A.lesson B．chance
C．risk D．test
解析：选D 老师曾不打算退钱，所以在听到学生的话以后觉得自己差点丢了“面子(face)”，没有通过这次“考验(test)”。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
Science Daily (May 28, 2010) — Researchers at Oregon State University (OSU) have made important progress in work that should lead toward robots that can not only walk and run very well, but use little energy at the same time.
Studies are moving closer to designing robots that could do dangerous work, create prosthetic limbs (假肢) for humans that work much better than in the past, or even help some people who use wheelchairs to get “walking” abilities.
“Researchers have been working toward robot movement for a long time，” said Jonathan Hurst, a professor at OSU.“What we've done is to study what behavior is really possible for a robot.”
The movement of humans and other animals is difficult to copy.Using little energy, they can move easily over hard areas, and enjoy balance from muscles.They have different ways to deal with forces, such as holding something hard in place rigidly (牢牢地), like the act of holding a cup of coffee level during a car ride.In their recent studies, the OSU researchers proved that these two_abilities are mutually exclusive (相互排斥的)．Humans deal with this problem by using pairs of muscles. For a robot, the more able it's to do one of these tasks, the less able it is to do the other.
Presently, robots that can walk and run must be as rigid as possible while walking.But this way uses a lot of energy.The OSU researchers are working toward something that has similar or better performance, but uses far less energy, and is closer to the abilities of animals.
“So there's no reason why we shouldn't be able to build robots with good movement ability，”Hurst said.“Clearly this might be useful in highly dangerous situations.But I could also see great improvements possible with prosthetic limbs (假肢) that work much better than present technology.”
语篇解读：本文主要讲了研究者围绕着机器人的移动和消耗的能量来进行研究。
1．The robots being studied by researchers at OSU ________.
A．cannot walk
B．use little energy
C．do better than before
D．can run faster than humans
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知答案。
2．Which of the following have researchers been studying all the time
A．The robots' movement.
B．The robots' weight.
C．The robots' sizes.
D．The robots' walking speed.
解析：选A 细节理解题。通读全文研究者围绕着机器人的移动和消耗的能量来进行研究。
3．The underlined words “two abilities” in Para.4 refer to ________.
A．walking and running
B．walking and holding
C．moving and using little energy
D．moving and balancing
解析：选D 词义猜测题。综合第四段内容可知此处two abilities指的是移动和平衡。
4．According to Jonathan Hurst, we know that robots with good movement ability ________.
A．can be used in medical science
B．are only used in highly dangerous situations
C．will hardly be created in the future
D．will have a bad influence on man
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段乔纳森·赫斯特所说的话可知答案。
Ⅵ.语法填空
Both the British and Americans like playing football. However, they play it quite __1__ (different). For most Americans, British football, also __2__ (know) as soccer, is a bit dull and boring.
American football is not like soccer. The ball is not round. It is like a big egg. Each team __3__ (make) up of eleven players. All the players can touch the ball with both __4__ (foot) and hands. Players sometimes kick the ball, __5__ they often throw the ball and run with it. If they can move it across the opposing team's goal line, they can get six points, __6__ is called a touchdown.
__7__ is not easy to move the ball. Eleven men in the opposing team do all they can __8__ (stop) the man with the ball. If he __9__ (fail) to move the ball ten yards, his team will have to kick the ball to the opposing team.
In almost every big university in the USA, football is a popular sport. Whenever an important game is played, thousands of people come to watch it, __10__ (cheer) for their favorite teams.
答案：1.differently 2.known 3.is made 4.feet 5.but
6．which 7.It 8.to stop 9.fails 10.cheeringPAGE
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Unit 4课时跟踪检测(一) Warm-up & Lesson 1 — Pre-reading
阅读理解
A
Most people have never heard of Tim Berners Lee. He is not nearly as rich or famous as Mare Andreessen, who is the founder of Netscape, or Bill Gates, whose name has become a well known world.
Berners Lee, who works in a small office at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, is the creator of the World Wide Web. The creation of the Web is so important that some people compare Berners Lee to Johann Gutenberg, who invented printing by movable type (活字) in the fifteenth century.
Berners Lee was born in England in 1955. His parents, who helped design the world's first commercially (商业地) available computer, gave him a great love of mathematics and learning.
In 1980, Berners Lee went to work at CERN, a physics laboratory in Geneva, Switzerland, where he had a lot of material to learn quickly. He had a poor memory for facts and wanted to find a way to help him keep track of things he couldn't remember. He invented a software program that allowed him to create a document that had links to other documents. He continued to develop his idea through the 1980s. He wanted to find a way to connect the knowledge and creativity of people all over the world.
In 1991, his project became known as the World Wide Web. The number of Internet users started to grow quickly. However, Berners Lee is not completely happy with the way the Web has developed. He thinks it has become a passive tool for so many people, not the tool for creativity that he had imagined.
In 1999, Berners Lee published a book called Weaving the Web, in which he answers questions he is often asked. What were you thinking when you invented the Web What do you think of it now Where is the Web going to take us in the future
语篇解读：本文是一篇人物传记。绝大多数人没有听说过Tim Berners Lee，他是万维网的发明者。
1．From Paragraph 1 we can see ________.
A．Tim Berners Lee has never heard of Netscape
B．Berners Lee is as famous as Mare Andreessen
C．Berners Lee is as well known as Bill Gates
D．we know little about Tim Berners Lee
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，绝大多数人从未听说过Tim Berners Lee。他不像Mare Andreessen和Bill Gates那样富有、出名。
2．Who invented the World Wide Web
A．Johann Gutenberg. B．Berners Lee.
C．Bill Gates. D．Mare Andreessen.
解析：选B 细节理解题。由第二段第一句可知，Berners Lee是万维网的发明者。
3．Which of the following is TRUE
A．In 1955, Berners Lee's parents gave him a great love of music.
B．In 1980, Berners Lee wanted to find a way to connect the knowledge and creativity.
C．In 1991, Berners Lee finished the World Wide Web.
D．In 1999, Berners Lee made a play called Weaving the Web.
解析：选C 细节理解题。由倒数第二段第一句可知，1991年，Berners Lee完成了万维网的制作。
4．What does the underlined word “published” mean
A．Print and send out.
B．Buy and offer to others.
C．Invent and sell.
D．Write and exchange.
解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据关键词“a book called Weaving the Web”和后面的问题可知，他在1999年出版了一本叫《万维网》的书。
B
Electronic books have changed the way many people read for pleasure. Now online textbooks are changing the way some students learn and some teachers teach.
More than one hundred seventy five thousand students attend the public schools in Fairfax County, Virginia, outside Washington. Last year, the school system used digital books in fifteen schools. This school year, middle schools and high schools changed from printed to electronic textbooks in their social studies classes.
Luke Rosa is a history teacher at Falls Church High School. His students work on laptop computers at school. He explains the idea to them this way，“I mean, it's just like a regular textbook, except it's got it all, online.”
Peter Noonan, an assistant superintendent (助理监督) of schools, said，“The world's changing. And the online textbooks can change right along with the events that are happening.” Digital books also cost less than printed textbooks, he said.
A student named Melanie Reuter said, “I don't have to carry a textbook around, so that's nice.”
But another student said，“I don't like it because the Internet sometimes doesn't work.”
Students also need access to the Internet when they are not at school. About ten percent of students in Fairfax County do not have a computer or online access at home. Public libraries in the county have free Internet. There are also after school computer labs as well as computer clubhouses supported by the county. Middle school student Slieman Hakim is happy about that. He said, “My family only has one computer; my sister and I both do our homework on it. So I come here to do my homework. It's good.”
Other school systems in the area are also considering online textbooks.
语篇解读：随着因特网的普及，电子教材正在改变着学生学习和老师授课的传统模式。
5．One of the disadvantages of digital textbooks is that ________.
A．they're more expensive
B．they can't be used if the computer is offline
C．they're soon out of date
D．reading online does harm to students' eyes
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“I don't like it because the Internet sometimes doesn't work.”可推断出，这个学生认为电子教材的一个不利之处就是：当连接不上因特网的时候，电子教材就没法使用。故B项正确。
6．Why does Slieman Hakim feel happy
A．He is offered a free computer to do his homework.
B．He doesn't have to do his homework at home.
C．He has access to the Internet to study at any place.
D．He needn't share a computer with his sister to do homework.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“My family only has one ... It's good.”可知， Hakim家只有一台电脑，之前他和妹妹都需要上网做作业，必然会出现电脑之争。现在做作业不用和妹妹共用一台电脑了，他当然感到高兴。
7．What can we learn from the passage
A．All students like digital textbooks because they are new.
B．Digital textbooks are more beautiful than paper textbooks.
C．Students can do their homework in the computer clubhouses.
D．The lessons online are completely different from those in paper textbooks
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“There are also after school computer labs as well as computer clubhouses supported by the county.”可知，学生也可以在computer clubhouses做作业，所以C项正确。其他选项文中没有提到。
8．The passage aims to ________.
A．report the use of electronic textbooks in school
B．show how to use electronic textbooks
C．encourage more schools to use electronic textbooks
D．tell readers electronic textbooks will replace regular textbooks
解析：选A 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了美国费尔法克斯郡公立学校使用电子教材的情况，文章并没有教我们如何使用电子教材，也没有鼓励学校使用电子教材，更没有提到电子教材会取代普通教材。所以答案为A项。
C
The Internet is an amazing tool, especially for children looking to learn. But it also has a dark side. Parents have to ask themselves, “When is the right time to let my child go online？”
This is a far bigger problem than it used to be. Now we live in a time when a family could have more than one computer. It is common for children to have their own computer or laptop. There are also phones and tablets (平板电脑) to think of.
Parents do have difficulty in acting correctly. On the one hand it would be foolish to keep children from the Internet as they can learn a lot from it. But on the other hand, parents shouldn't let children do whatever they like on the Internet. The problem is that everybody is busy nowadays, and this is certainly true for parents. How many people with children have the time to sit down with their kids when they do their homework online Some do, but more are just not able to.
So at what age should children be allowed to use the Internet According to a survey, the average age at which parents said they were happy for independent (独立的) Internet use is a slightly surprising eight years old.
As a non parent, I do find it hard to agree. I always believe that education, as ever, is the key to success. However, I think children as young as eight may face a lot of dangers when they use the Internet without parents being around. So I think schools and parents have a responsibility to teach children not only how to use the Internet, but also how to do so safely.
语篇解读：小孩子多大才能独自上网呢？一个调查显示大部分父母认为在小孩8岁时就可以了，但作者却并不这样认为。
9．In Para. 2 the author wants to show that today's children ________.
A．can easily go on the Internet
B．are big problems for their parents
C．consider computers normal things
D．rely more on computers than adults do
解析：选A 推理判断题。文章第二段讲到现在的家庭中一般都有电脑，而且有些家庭不止拥有一台，此外还有手机、平板电脑等能够让孩子们接触网络的工具，由此可知本段主要是想表明现在的孩子想要上网很容易。
10．What is the problem mentioned in Para. 3
A．Parents are too busy to take care of their kids.
B．Most children aren't allowed to use the Internet.
C．The Internet also provides harmful information for kids.
D．Most parents can't be around when their kids use the Internet.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的最后两句可知本段提出的问题是：多数父母在他们的孩子上网时不能陪在旁边。
11．The author considers the result of the survey________.
A．interesting B．meaningless
C．unacceptable D．untrue
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“... a slightly surprising eight years old.”以及最后一段的第一句“As a non parent, I do find it hard to agree.”可知，家长认为孩子8岁就可以单独上网的调查结果对于作者来说是不能接受的。
12．What can be used as the best title for the passage
A．Why should children be allowed to use the Internet
B．Should children be allowed to use the Internet alone
C．How should children use the Internet in their free time
D．At what age should children be allowed to use the Internet
解析：选D 标题归纳题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要讨论的是小孩子多大才能独自上网，由此可知D项作为文章标题最佳。
