国际音标分类教学课件(共24张PPT)

(共24张PPT)
国际音标
国际音标
开音节：
a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e : name, bike, home, plane, shine
b) 辅音+元音: he, go, hi, do, be, tree, three, hello
闭音节：
a) 辅音+元音+辅音: bad, bed, sit, hot, cup, let, mad, map
b)元音+辅音: it,is, of, in, on, up, out, ant
重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。
[i:]
[i]
e
me be she
he we
ee
sweet sheep
see sleep three
ea
meat sea teach
eat clean
repeatability
i
fish in fifteen six ship
e
begin basketball
y
happy busy study
ey
monkey money
ay
Sunday Saturday
Friday
[ :]
[ ]
er
her term
ir
bird girl skirt first
ur
nurse Thursday
ear
early learn
or
word work world
er
dinner father sister
ar
sugar
or
doctor
a
panda about above
[ :]
[ ]
a
water
aw
draw strawberry
al
ball wall
or
horse fork short
oor
floor door
o
fox coffee dog
shop dog
a
watch
[u:]
[u]
o
do who whose
oo
food moon too
ui
fruit juice
u
ruler rude
o
woman wolf
oo
u
look good book
foot wood
book good
[a:]
[Λ]
a
grass glass dance
fast
ar
car star arm
garden
au
laugh aunt
ear
heart
o
son come colour
love money
u
sun nut jump us bus
ou
touch cousin country
[ ]
[e]
e
egg bell desk leg
pet ten pen
ea
bread head breakfast
a
dad cap cat bad
apple bag flag
hand rabbit black
fat has stand map
[ei]
[ai]
a
cake make name
ai
rain train wait
ay
day May play
today way
i
kite bike nice tiger
y
by cry fly my
ie
tie pie
uy
buy
[ i]
[au]
oi
oy
ou
ow
oil boil coin
boy toy
house mouse mouth
flower cow how now
[ u]
[i ]
o
nose rose over
oa
boat coat soap
ow
show window
snow bowl
ear
eer
ear hear tear
deer beer
[e ]
[u ]
air
hair chair pair
ear
pear bear wear
oor
poor
our
tour
ure
sure pure
元音字母的读音
1. 元音字母在重读开音节中的读音
元音字母 读 音 例 词
a /ei/ pave, game, shape
e /i:/ free, see, bee
i /ai/ life, mile, file
o / u/ code, logo, hope
u /ju:/ / u:/ use, mute, menu
2. 元音字母在重读闭音节中的读音
元音字母 读 音 例 词
a / / tag, black, packet
e /e/ press, desk, set
i /i/ this, six, milk
o / / box, log, clock
u /u/ nut, hub, lunch
3. 元音字母在重读-r音节中的读音
元音字母组合 读 音 例 词
ar /α:/ bar, start, market
or / : / sport, short, port
er
ir
ur
or(w之后) / :/ her, certainly, herb
bird, first, shirt
turn, nurse, purpose
word, worse, worm
字母 读 音 例 词
a / / China, another, breakfast
/ i:/ orange, village, cabbage
e / / hundred, student, moment
/i/ chicken, pocket, children
i / / /i/ holiday, beautiful, animal
/ ai / exercise, satellite, memorize
o / / second, tonight, welcome
/ / also, zero, photo
u / / autumn, difficult
/ju(:)/ popular, congratulation, January
4. 元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
注：u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j﹑l﹑r﹑s后面时,读 /u(:)/ ：July, influence, February, issue
5. 常见元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音
元音字母组合 读音 例词
ai ay
ei ey /ei/ say, again, play
eight, they, grey
al /o:/ ball, talk, wall
ea /i:/ tea, teacher, please
ee /i:/ green, bee, three
oa / / boat, coat, load
oo /u:/ noon, moon, food
/ / look, book, cook
ou
ow /a / mouth, house, about
how, brown, down
oi oy / / boy, toy, noise
1. 辅音字母的读音
辅音字母 读 音 例 词
b /b/ board, bike, blue
c /k/ cake, card, cape
/s/ face, bicycle, cinema
d /d/ desk, disc, depth
f /f/ fine, fight, off
g /d / orange, large, college
/g/ goods, bag, glass
h /h/ hello, hat, hand
j /d / jacket, job, June
k /k/ keyboard, like, bike
l /l/ yellow, life, lake
apple, full, bottle
m /m/ morning, name, memory
n /n/ novel, nice, needle
p /p/ grasp, happen, pleasure
r /r/ rose, rocket, respect
s /s/ spell, thanks, silver
/z/ please, nose, expose
t /t/ what, white, tennis
v /v/ evening, invest, visible
w /w/ woory, waitress, well
x /ks/ box, exercise, experience
y /j/ you, yellow, youth
z /z/ zoo, zero, realize
2. 常见辅音字母组合的读音
sh / / English, shine, ship
ch / tch /t / China, chess, match
th /θ/ thank, three, thrive
/ / that, they, thereafter
ck /k/ black, chick, check
ph /f/ phone, property, purpose
wh /w/ what, white, whisper
/h/ who, whose, whole
tr /tr/ tree, trick, trip
dr /dr/ dress, dragon, driver
ts /ts/ cats, students, peasants
ds /dz/ beds, hands, cards
qu /kw/ quite, quiet, question
Exercises
利用开闭音节读音规则拼读下列单词
blame bathe grace spade grade shape skate save
black snack passive match matter chat catch watch
meter eve bee peter see evil even evening
neck pet bet wet section forget neck inspect
dive knife hide hike shine thrive smile provide
disc fish habit rabbit missing transmit permit picture
slope globe code hope hole notice notebook smoke
rock cock gossip robber rocket shock socket pocket
mute tube use mule usage duty universe pupil
shut luck duck number rubber public puppy shuttle
sharp bark mark park market target starve carve
sport dorm norm port porket shortage storage export
expert exert invert observe dirty skirt shirt nurse
I. ( ) 1. A. neighbor B. weight C. height D. eight
( ) 2. A. manage B. many C. matter D. madam
( ) 3. A. chicken B. childhood C. chemistry D. chairman
( ) 4. A. greater B. heavier C. measure D. peasant
( ) 5. A. enough B. rough C. tough D. though
II. ( ) 1. A. within B. those C. southern D. north
( ) 2. A. special B. city C. cinema D. cent
( ) 3. A. cause B. used C. wise D. because
( ) 4. A. gather B. government C. geography D. garden
( ) 5. A. forty B. support C. sort D. sorry
C
A
B
D
C
A
D
D
A
B
C
III. ( ) 1. A. pollute B. situation C. population D. particularly
( ) 2. A. pigeon B. oxygen C. imagine D. guard
( ) 3. A. Christmas B. tightly C. first D. test-tube
( ) 4. A. recently B. regard C. prepare D. remain
( ) 5. A. rather B. worth C. thus D. whether
IV. ( ) 1. A. butter B. mute(沉默/哑的) C. mule(骡子) D. assume
( ) 2. A. Thailand B. Thursday C. theater D. length
( ) 3. A. queen B. quantity C. question D. cheque
( ) 4. A. standards B. years C. books D. shoes
( ) 5. A. block B. cottage C. country D. clock
A
A
A
D
B
A
A
D
D
C
V. ( ) 1. A. theme B. clothing C. feather D. therefore
( ) 2. A. comfort B. possible C. horrible D.constant
( ) 3. A. recent B. recognize C. level D. lecture
( ) 4. A. measure B. health C. theater D. ready
( ) 5. A. physicist B official C. medicine D. pronunciation
VI. ( ) 1. A. mind B. sign C. print D. climb
( ) 2. A. captain B. graduate C. garage D. behavior
( ) 3. A. edition B. question C. application D. explaination
( ) 4. A. team B. beam C. please D. healthy
( ) 5. A. diet B. siege(围困/城) C. brief D. wield
A
A
A
C
B
C
D
B
D
A
X. ( )1. A.stamp B. mistake C. taste D. games
( )2. A.customer B. republic C. university D. umbrella
( )3. A. Christmas B. chemistry C. ache D. chose
( )4. A. stranger B. huge C.gentleman D.language
( )5. A.horse B. hour C. hold D. help
IX. ( ) 1. A. portrait B. straight C. fairy D. mailman
( ) 2. A. linen B. brighten C. hasten D. garden
( ) 3. A. orange B. garbage C. garage D. cabbage
( ) 4. A. question B. direction C. devotion D. imagination
( )5. A.fertilizer B. sergeant(中士) C. servant D. mercy
C
C
C
A
A
A
B
D
D
B