2023届高考英语二轮复习状语从句课件(45张PPT)

(共45张PPT)
状 语 从 句
一
定义
二
从句分类
三
判断方法
四
练习题
一、定 义
一、定义
用作状语的从句称为状语从句（即一个句子作状语）。其功能与副词相似，故又称作副词性从句，由从属连词引导。
二、分 类
二、分类
状语从句根据用途可分为以下九种。
时间状语从句
when（as、while）（当……时候）、since（自从）、before（在……之前）、after（在……之后）、until（till）（直到……才）、whenever（每当）、once（一旦）、every time（每当）、the day（在……那天）、as soon as（一……就）、hardly（scarcely）……when（一……就）、no sooner……than（一……就）、instantly（immediately、directly）（一……就）、the moment（minute、second、instant）（一……就）
地点状语从句
where（在……地方）、wherever（在任何地方）、every where（在每个地方）
原因状语从句
because(as、for)（因为）、since（既然）、when（既然）、now（that）（既然）、in that（因为、既然）、seeing that（既然）、considering that（既然）
if（如果）、unless（除非）、as（so）long as（只要）、providing（provided）（that）（假如）、suppose（supposing）（that）（假如）、in case（如果）、only if（如果）、if only（但愿、如果……就好了）、on condition that（条件是）
条件状语从句
as（像……、犹如……）、as if（as though）（好像、仿佛）、the way（……的样子）
让步状语从句
though（although）（虽然）、even if（even though）（即使）、while（虽然、尽管）、
whatever（no matter what）（无论如何）、whenever（no matter when）（无论何时）、
wherever（no matter where）（无论哪里）、whoever（no matter who）（无论谁）、
however（no matter how）（无论怎样）、for all（that）（尽管）、granting（granted） that
（即使）、whether……or（不论……还是）、in spite of（despite）the fact that（不管）
结果状语从句
so that（so、that）（结果）、so（such）……that（如此……以至于）、but that（but）（要不是）
目的状语从句
so that（so、that）（为了、以使）、lest（以防）、in case（以防、以免）、for fear that（以防）、
in order that（为了）
比较状语从句
than（比……）、as……as（像……一样）、not so（as）……as（不像……一样）、（not）the same as（（不）同……一样）、not so as（不如）、（not） such……as（（不）如……）
方式状语从句
时 间 状 语 从 句
1.when while as的用法
when i lived there, i used to go to the park on Sundays.
Please don’t talk so loud while others are working.
She hurried home, looking behind as she went.
His theory proved to be correct as time went on.
While (as) he was studying, his brother was sleeping.
知 识 拓 展
I was about to go out when the telephone rang.
我正要出去，这时电话响了。 when在这里是并列连词，表示“这时”
My father is a teacher while my mother is a doctor.
我父亲是一名教师，而我母亲是一名医生。 while此时是并列连词，表对比，“而”
While some people have enough food and clothing, they are not satisfied.
虽然一些人衣食充足，但是他们并不满足。 while 引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”
2.till\until的用法
You may stay here until/till the rain stops.
3.强调句型：It is nont until...that....
直到她回来他才上床睡觉。
He won’t go to bed until he returns.
你可以待在这里直到雨停。
It was not until you told me that i had any idea of it.
直到你告诉我，我才直到这件事。
1.延续性动词（肯定式）+until/till 表示“动作延续到...为止”
2.瞬间动词/非延续性动词（否定式）+until/till 表示“直到...才发生”
Until you told me i had no idea of it.
4.till不可置于句首，而until可以
直到你告诉我，我才知道这件事。
3.since的用法
（1）since 引导时间状语从句时，表示“自...以来；从...以后。
从句常用一般过去时，主句常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，加强语气时可用ever since。
常用句型：It is/ has been +时间段+since从句
I haven’t seen him since he left Beijing.
The old couple have been living in Beijing since they got married.
It is two years since we arrived here.
（2）since引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词一般用非延续性动词，主句动作时间的起点应为从句动作发生时；
从句若用延续性动词，则主句动作时间的起点应为从句动作结束时
I have made great progress since i came here.
It is more than ten months since i worked in the city.
4.before的用法
（1）一般情况下，before表示“在....之前”
可翻译为“还未...就...;不到...就....;过了多久才....;还没来得及...就.....”
I must finished this letter before i go home.
Before i could get in a word, he had measured me.
We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.
Please write it down before you forget it.
我必须在回家以前写完这封信。
我还没来得及插话，他就给我量好了尺寸。
我们航行了四天四夜才看到陆地。
趁你还没有忘记请把它写下来吧。
（2）It will be +一段时间+before.... 多久之后才.....
It was +一段时间+before.... 过了多久才.....
It will be half a year before i come back.
我半年之后才会回来。
It was three days before he came back.
三天后他才回来。
5. 一....就.....，as soon as, the moment, the instant, immediately, directly等
刚...就...，no sooner ....than..., hardly/scarcely ...when.....等
As soon as he arrives, we’ll start to work.
他一到，我们就开始工作。
The moment i heard the voice, i knew my father was coming.
我一听到那个声音，我就知道我父亲要来了。
No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.
我们感到火车站，火车就开走了。
The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mothers.
那个男孩一见到他妈妈便放声大哭。
地 点 状 语 从 句
地点状语从句的引导词：where，anywhere, eveywhere, wherever.
Where there is a will there is a way.
You are free to go anywhere you like.
Everywhere the hero goes, he is warmly welcomed.
They were warmly welcomed wherever they went.
有志者事竟成。
他们每到一处都受到热烈欢迎
你可以随意到任何你喜欢的地方去。
英雄所到之处都受到热烈欢迎。
原 因 状 语 从 句
1.because, as, since/now that
I’m leaving because i am fed up with the boss
Now that/ Since everyone is here, we can begin our discussion.
As it was a public holiday, all the shops were shut.
because，放在主句前或后，语气强，表示直接因果关系，“因为”
as，放在主句前或后，语气弱，表示双方都知道的原因，“由于”
since/now that，放在主句前，语气弱，表示双方都知道的原因，“既然”
2.when既然，相当于considering that
It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could walk there in five minutes.
既然你步行在5分钟内能到那里，却乘坐出租车，真够愚蠢的。
3.in that表示“因为”，常用于书面语中
This experiment is worth trusting in that it is based on sientific facts.
这个实验值得信赖，因为它是建立在科学事实基础之上的。
Yesterday was a crazy day. I felt very tired i had tons of work stuff to do.
- you like that latest type of car so much.
-Well, i can’t afford so expensive a car. It is worth 200000 yuan.
because/as
Now that/Since
目 的 状 语 从 句
1.区分in order that, so that, for fear that, in case
in order that 以便/为了....，放在句首，句中
I’m studying hard so that i can go to a famous university.
In order that we could save time, we used the computer.
Mary didn’t want to get out of bed for fear that she might wake her baby up.
Take your raincoat in case it should rain/it rains.
for fear that 害怕/担心....
so that 以便/为了....，放在句中
in case 以防....
知识拓展
1.in a case 还可以引导条件状语从句，意思是“如果，万一”一般放在主句前。
In case it rains, you must turn off your TV first.
如果下雨，一定要把你的电视关掉。
2.in case 也可以单独使用，放在句末，意思是“以防万一”
It may not rain，but you’d better take an umbrella in case.
天可能不会下雨，但你最好带把雨伞以防万一。
3.in case of+名词，表示“如果，假设”
In case of fire, keep calm.
如遇火警，要保持冷静。
结 果 状 语 从 句
1.so..that...和such...that..引导结果状语从句的用法
如此....以至于.....
so+ 形容词/副词
many/few+复数名词
much/little+不可数名词
形容词+a/an+单数可数名词
后加that从句
Kathy is such a lovely girl that we all like to play with her.
We had such terrible weather that we couldn’t finish the work on time.
such+ a/an+形容词+单数可数名词
形容词+复数名词
形容词+不可数名词
There’s so little time left that we have to speed up.
后加that从句
2.so that的用法
so that 既可引导目的状语从句，也可引导结果状语从句。
在引导目的状语从句时，从句中往往含有一些情态动词，如can/could/may/might/will/would/shall/should等，
而引导结果状语从句时类似的情态动词则很少出现。引导这两种状语从句时有时其中的that可省略。
We arrived early in the morning, so (that) We caught the first train.
我们早上到得很早，所以赶上了第一班火车。
条 件 状 语 从 句
引导条件状语从句的引导词：if，unless=if...not..如果不，除非；so/as long as只要；in case 万一；on condition that条件是；supposing （that）假设；provide/providing (that) 如果，假如
As long as you don’t lose heart, you will succeed.
I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep it a secret.
在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，一般过去时代替过去将来时
You’ll fail the exam unless you study hard.
He won’t be against us at the meeting provide/providing (that) we ask for his advice in advance.
让 步 状 语 从 句
1.though/although的用法
.
Although/Though it was raining hard, (yet) they went on playing football.
Young though she is, she has travelled to many countries.
although 更正式，通常可互换，引导让步状语从句时，可与yet、still连用，强调对比性，但不可与but连用。
2.even though/even if 的用法
Tim is in good shape even though /if he doesn’t get much exercise.
尽管蒂姆不怎么锻炼，但他身体不错
Even if i were busy, i would go.
即使我很忙，我也去。
3.as的用法
as 引导让步状语从句时，常采用倒装形式，可倒装名词、形容词、副词或动词（though引导的从句可以像as引导的从句一样用倒装语序，although引导的从句只能用正常语序）
Try as/ though you may, you will never succeed.(= Though/Although you may try......)
你尽管试，但绝对不会成功。
Much as/though i like it, i won’t buy, fot it’s too expensive.(=Though/Although i like it much, .....)
虽然我喜欢它，但我不会买它，因为它太贵了。
Top player as/though he is, he still needs to improve.(= Though/Although he is a top player,....)
尽管他已经是顶尖球员，但他仍需提高。
注意：倒装时若有带冠词的名词，冠词需要省去。
4.while的用法
while 也可作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，相当于although. while多用于句首。
While i admit that there are problems, i don’t agree that they cannot be solved.
尽管我承认有问题存在，但我同意说这些问题不能解决。
5.wh-ever类引导词的用法
在英语中，wh-ever类的词可引导让步状语从句，相当于“no matter + 相应的wh-词”
Where (= No matter when) I’m unhappy, it is my friend who cheers me up.
Whoever (= No matter who) you are, you must keep the law.
不管什么时候我不高兴，都是我的朋友使我振作起来。
不管你是谁，你必须遵守法律。
Whatever i suggest / No matter what i suggest, he always disagrees.
无论我提议什么，他总是不同意。
6.Whether or not/ Whether..or(not)引导的让步状语从句
Whether you like it or not, i want to be myself this time.
Whether or not you help me, i’ll do it.
不论你喜欢与否，这次我要做一回我自己。
不管你是否帮助我，我都要做这件事。
比 较 状 语 从 句
1.比较级的用法
.
There are as many people in our town as (there are) in your town.
（1）原级比较的肯定式常用as...as...结构
我们镇的人口和你们镇的人口一样多。
（2）用原级比较的否定式常用not as/so as....结构
His handwriting is not as/ so good as yours (is).
他的书法不如你的好。
他比我们想象的要成功得多。
He was more successful than we had expected.
他英语说的和你的一样好。
He speak English as well as you do.
比 较 状 语 从 句
2.用比较级比较的用法
.
（1）用比较级比较常用than
（2）the +比较级...，the+ 比较级.....
The more careful you are, the fewer you will make.
你越小心，犯得错就越少。
他比我们想象的要成功得多。
He was more successful than we had expected.
He comes to the club less often than he used to.
他来俱乐部不如原来来的频繁了。
你回来的越早越好。
The sooner you are back, the better you
方 式 状 语 从 句
1.as表示“照....方式”
.
The house was greatly damaged by the truck. We’d better leave it as it is until the police arrive.
2.as if/ as though 的用法
as if 或 as though 引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，但是如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能实现，也可用陈述语气。她们常与look/seem/taste/smell/sound等词连用。
卡车严重破坏了这所房子，我们最好让它保持原样直到警察到来。
这位老太太对待这个男孩就好像他是她自己的儿子似的。
The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.
The injured man acted as if nothing had happened to him.
这个受伤的男子行动起来像什么也没发生过似的。
（虚拟语气）
（虚拟语气）
状语从句的省略
在状语从句中，为了使语言更加简洁、生动，经常运用省略形式。
状语从句的省略原则：如果从句主语和主语主语一致，或从句主语为it，且从句的谓语部分有be动词，就可以把从句中的主语和谓语的一部分或全部省略。
1.时间状语从句中的省略。
When （she was）very young，she began to learn to play erhu.
她很小时就开始学拉二胡。
Don’t come in until (you are) asked to.
直到让你进来你才能进来。
走路时，她发现地上有个闪闪发光的好东西。
When/While walking, she found a nice shining thing on the ground. √
As walking，she found a nice shining thing on the ground. ×
as 引导时间状语从句时，其后不能用省略形式。
2.条件状语从句中的省略
条件状语从句的省略形式为 if necessary, if possible, if true等。另外，unless, as long as等引导的条件状语从句也可用省略形式。
He will come if (he is ) asked.
如果叫他来，他就会来。
Come tomorrow if possible.
如果可能的话就明天来吧。
If so, you must go back and get it.
如果这样的话，你必须回去把它拿来。
I‘ll buy a TV set if necessary.
如有必要，我就会买一台电视机。
The girl never gave in unless wrong.
这个女孩不会屈服的，除非她错了。
Unless repaired, the machine is of no use.
如果不修理，这台机器就毫无用处。
3.让步状语从句中的省略
He is a good man, though sometimes ( he is ) rather dull.
他是个好人，尽管有时有点儿无聊。
Whenever (it is) possible, you should come and help.
无论什么时候有可能你就应该来帮忙。
Even if ( I am) invited to, i won’t go to such a bad lecture.
She can dance ballet just as wonderfully as you (do).
她比预料的提前完成了工作。
即使邀请我去，我也不想去听如此差的讲座。
4.比较状语从句中的省略
She has finished the work earlier than (she) expected.
她跳芭蕾舞能和你一样跳的很好。
5.方式状语从句中的省略
as if/ as though 引导的方式状语从句中可用省略形式，as if/as though 后只保留形容词、v-ing、不定式等。
She talked as if (she were) absent-minded.
这男孩很没耐心地在运动场上到处跑着，仿佛在找丢的东西。
她谈话似乎心不在焉。
The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if to see whether he was going in the right direction.
我们跟踪的那个人突然停下来，看起来好像要看看揍的方向是不是对的。
The boy is running impatiently here and there as if (he is ) searching for something lost on the sports ground.
三、检 测 练 习
1.If you don’t understand somthing, you may research, study, and talk to other people you figure it out.
如果你弄不懂某些东西，可以搜索，研究以及和其他人交谈，直到你把它弄明白。根据句意可知，设空处应用until引导时间状语从句，表示句中的动作“research, study, and talk to other people” 一直延续到until引导的从句所表达的时间才结束。
until
2.The visitors were admiring the charming flowers it started to rain.
游客正在欣赏迷人的花时，天突然开始下雨了。 be doing sth. when ....正在做某事，这时（突然）......
when
3.Actually, the London Olympic Park is built there used to be a poor area called East London.
where
事实上，伦敦奥林匹克公园是在一个过去被称为“东伦敦”的贫困地区建立起来的。通过分析句子结构可知，
“ there used to be a poor area called East London” 为地点状语从句，应用where引导。
4.Yesterday was a crazy day. I felt tired i had tons of work stuff to do.
昨天是个疯狂的日子。我感到非常累因为我有许多工作上的事要做。设空处引导原因状语从句，说明累的原因。
because/ as
5.－ you like that latest type of car so much, why not buy it
－Well，I can’t afford so expensive a car. It is worth 200000 yuan.
既然你那么喜欢那辆最新款的轿车，那为什么不买呢？哦，我买不起那么贵的车。它值20万元呢。
Now that/Since
6.My parents live in a samll village. They always keep candles in the house there is a power off.
A if B unless C in case D so that
C
我的父母在一个小村子里生活，她们总是在家里放些蜡烛以防停电。
7.Pam screamed so loudly her daughter came runing from the house.
帕姆的尖叫声是如此响亮以至于她的女儿从房子里跑了出来。
that
8.You will be late you leave immediately.
既然你那么喜欢那辆最新款的轿车，那为什么不买呢？哦，我买不起那么贵的车。它值20万元呢。
unless
9. we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.
如果我们不阻止气候变化，世界上许多动植物将不复存在。
10. birds use their feather for flight, some of their feathers are for other purpose.
If
Although/Though
11. One can always manage to do more things, no matter full one’s schedule is in life.
how
一个人总能设法做更多的事情，无论他生活中的时间安排得多满。
12.When we reached the mall, I gave him the money and the smile we were requested and added a gentle pat on his back.
当我们到达购物广场的时候，我按照要求给了他钱和微笑，并轻轻地拍了拍他的后背。
as
13.Jack wan’t saying anthing. but the teacher smiled at him he had done something very clever.
14. If （admit), i will do all i can to do the work well.
如果我被录取，我会尽力把工作做好的。
admitted
as if / though
五、做题方法
1.句意翻译法
1.Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents’ opinion he wants their support.
汤姆是如此独立，以至于他从来都不问父母的意见，除非他想得到他们的支持。
unless
2. TCM has been widely accepted, it still faces a challenge.
Although/Though/While
许多高楼在一年前只是废墟的地方拔地而起。Arise是不及物动词，设空处引导地点状语从句
1. John thinks it won’t be long he is ready for his new job.
2.固定句型法
约翰认为过不了多久他就能为他的新工作做好准备。
固定句型：It won’t be long before......表示”过不了多久就........“
before
2.They had no sooner finished the survey by asking the parents the same question thress years later
they found that 18 percent of kids involved in the study were obese.
三年后他们一通过问那些家长同样的问题完成民意调查，就发现参与研究的18%的孩子发胖了。
固定句型：no sooner ......than.......刚......就........
3.Hot the night air was， we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.
than
as/though
夜晚的空气虽然很热，但因长途旅行之后很累，我们睡得很沉.
as 意为“虽然”，引导让步状语从句时，要用倒装语序，此种用法也适用与though.
4.Hunting elephants was so profitable from 1979 to 1989 the number of elephants in Africa fell from 1.3 million to 600000.
that
thank you
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