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第 13 页 共 13 页
单元质量检测（三）
(时间：100分钟 满分：120分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。
A
There are over 60 zoos in England. We have collected hundreds of reviews, checked the zoo websites, researched several zoo related resources and visited many of them by ourselves to give you this selection: 10 best zoos in England.
Chester ZooAmong top 15 zoos in the world, it is one of the most visited and largest zoos in England.
Whipsnade ZooWith more than 2,500 animals, it is one of the few UK zoos with elephants.
Marwell WildlifeFull of African and Australian animals, there is surely a lot to see within very large grounds.
Howletts Wild Animal ParkIt was set up as a private zoo at first and opened to the public later. The place looks very natural and you can get very close to the animals there.
Port Lympne Wild Animal ParkWith Britain's largest number of African elephants, it offers truly African experiences.
Colchester ZooWith 270 species, it is very child friendly and offers lots of hands on activities.
Twycross ZooIt holds what is supposed to be the world's largest collection of apes (猿). There are also rare leopard (美洲豹) species.
Bristol Zoo GardensThis is a 175 year old zoo with rare animals like fruit bats (果蝠)．
Paignton ZooAs home to a collection of around 2,000 animals and 1,600 plant species, it is one of the first places in England combining zoological and botanical (植物的) gardens.
London ZooAs one of the oldest zoos in the world, it is well worth a visit.
1．Marwell Wildlife would attract those who want to .
A．know more about elephants
B．visit the oldest zoo in England
C．see some rare animal species
D．watch African and Australian animals
2．Among the 10 zoos, the best one for children is .
A．Howletts Wild Animal Park
B．Colchester Zoo
C．Twycross Zoo
D．London Zoo
3．The passage is meant to .
A．compare 10 zoos
B．attract kids to zoos
C．introduce 10 popular zoos
D．show the history of 10 zoos
B
As a boy growing up in India, I had longed to travel abroad. I used to listen to the stories my father would tell me about his stay in Canada and tours to Europe in the 1970s, with great interest.
My big moment finally came in the summer of 1998 when I was able to accompany my parents to Europe, where my father was to attend a meeting. We planned to travel to Belgium, Netherlands and West Germany.
I have vivid memories even today of going to Mumbai airport at night all excited about finally going abroad. I had heard several great things about Lufthansa till then but now I finally got to experience them firsthand, during the flight to Frankfurt. We flew business class and even today I can remember the excellent service by the Lufthansa crew. The flight was really smooth and thoroughly enjoyable, even for someone like me, who is otherwise scared of flying.
After spending almost two weeks in Europe, we took the Lufthansa airport express from Dusseldorf to Frankfurt airport, for our return flight. What a journey that was! All along the Rhine (莱茵河), it was simply an unforgettable experience. I was in a sombre mood on the flight back to Mumbai as it marked the end of a wonderful vacation, but the Lufthansa crew members were able to change it into a most enjoyable experience yet again, with the quality of their service.
Being the first airline to take me overseas, Lufthansa will always hold a special place in my heart. Even today, I continue to enjoy flights on Lufthansa and simply cannot dream of choosing any other airline. Flying, in general, for me, has always been an ordeal (terrible and painful experience). Flying on Lufthansa, however, is something I always have and always will look forward to.
4．Which country does the author live in now
A．India. B．Canada.
C．Belgium. D．Germany.
5．Which of the following is TRUE about the author's trip to Europe in 1998
A．The author traveled with one of his parents.
B．Both their going and return are by air.
C．They traveled in spring that year.
D．They stayed in Europe for nearly two months.
6．It can be inferred from the passage that Lufthansa is .
A．a city in India B．a city in Europe
C．an airline company D．a travel agency
7．The underlined word “sombre” in the 4th paragraph probably means “ ”．
A．happy B．sad
C．angry D．enjoyable
C
Children who drink alcohol with their parents are less likely to become problem boozers (狂饮者) in later life, a recent report claimed yesterday.
The survey of 10,000 teens aged 15 and 16 found 75 percent have drunk alcohol — but those who do it in moderation (适度地) at home are less likely to go on binges (狂饮)．
On the other hand, the findings rebut a recent call from charity Alcohol Concern for parents.Prof.Mark Belis, of Liverpool John Moores University, told Radio 4's Today programme that this would only make matters worse.
He said，“The key points are around people understanding alcohol, learning about alcohol, being set a good example by parents.Something that criminalises (宣布有罪) the parent is likely to stop these things happening.”
Teenagers who bought their own alcohol outside the home were also more likely to develop problems such as drinking in public places, the report found.It advised parents to keep pocket money below ￡10 a week.
Prof.Bellis，whose team carried out the survey in schools in the North West, added, “By the age of 14 the majority are drinking.”
The question is, “Are they learning in a proper environment or learning behind the bushes in a park or in a bar？”
“The chances are if they are in the latter position, they are learning to binge drink easily.”
8．Which of the followings is TRUE according to the passage
A．The report says children who drink alcohol with their parents can become boozers in later life easily.
B．Prof.Mark Bellis thinks the findings help to prevent binge drink.
C．Children learn to binge drink in a proper environment as well as in a bad situation.
D．Prof.Mark Bellis thinks that parents should be a good model for children.
9．The best title of the passage would probably be .
A．Home drink kids don't binge
B．A recent report on problem boozers
C．Parents are a good example for children
D．The prevention of binge drink
10．The underlined word“rebut”in the third paragraph probably means “ ”．
A．disagree with B．agree with
C．think well of D．explain clearly
11．According to Prof.Mark Bellis, in which situation do children learn to binge drink most easily
A．They are 14 years old.
B．They drink alcohol with parents.
C．They are in uncontrolled and free position.
D．They are in a proper environment.
D
America used to have a strong college education system for prison inmates (prisoners). It was seen as a way to rehabilitate men and women in prison by helping them go straight when they got out.
Those taxpayer supported college classes were put to an end in the 1990s. But New York Governor Andrew Cuomo would like to bring them back in the state, setting off a fierce new debate.
A number of lawmakers in New York have promised to kill Cuomo's proposal (提议)．
Cuomo says reintroducing taxpayer funded college classes in New York's prisons is a common sense plan that will reduce the number of inmates who commit new crimes.
“You pay $60,000 for a prison cell for a year，” Cuomo responded. “You put a guy away for 10 years, and that's $600,000. Right now, chances are almost half. Once he's set free, he's going to come right back.”
Cuomo says helping inmates get a college education would cost about $5,000 a year per person. He argues, “It's a small amount of money if it keeps that inmate from bouncing back into prison.”
But even some members of the governor's own party hate this idea. State Assemblywoman Addie Russell, whose upstate district includes three state prisons, says taxpayers just won't stand for inmates getting a free college education, while middle class families struggle to pay for their kids' college fees.
“That is the vast majority of feedback (反馈) that I'm also getting from my constituents (选民)，” she says. “You know, ‘Where is the relief for the rest of the population who obey the law？’”
“I was very disappointed that the policy had been changed，” says Gerald Gaes, who served as an expert on college programs for the Federal Bureau of Prisons in the 1990s. In 1994, President Clinton stopped federal student aid programs for inmates.
Gaes says research shows that college classes actually save taxpayers' money over time, by reducing the number of inmates who break the law and wind up back in those expensive prison cells.
“It is cost effective，” he says. “Designing prisons that way will have a long term benefit for New York State.”
12．The underlined word “rehabilitate” probably means “ ”．
A．let people know more about prisoners
B．help someone have a normal life again
C．allow prisoners to experience the world
D．encourage someone to help other people
13．What is the debate about
A．Lawmakers' rights in New York.
B．College classes for New York's citizens.
C．Higher education in New York's prisons.
D．Punishments given to New York's criminals.
14．Cuomo does the calculations to prove .
A．almost half of prisoners are likely to come back into prison
B．college classes for inmates can save taxpayers' money
C．the costs of running prisons in the US are on the rise
D．it is very difficult to reduce the number of inmates
15．Most of Russell's constituents believe Cuomo's proposal .
A．is unfair to middle class families
B．will benefit citizens obeying laws
C．will be useless for improving prisons
D．is based on most taxpayers' feedback
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There was a time when Whitney didn't have many friends. She was a bit shy. She never really wanted to be popular. 16 All through high school, she just slipped in and out of “light” friendships where she didn't find much comfort (安慰)．
When it was time to go to college, Whitney was quite nervous. She was going to be rooming with someone she didn't know and living in a town 300 miles away from home. 17 She had no idea how she was going to make friends in a new environment.
Something that happened in the first class at college changed Whitney's life. 18 The question for each student was always the same, “What is your goal (目标) for this class？” Most of the students said it was to get a good grade or something similar, but Whitney said something different. 19
While most of the students sat in silence, one student came to Whitney, held out his hand and introduced himself. 20 The whole room was silent — all eyes focused on Whitney and the hand just in front of her. She smiled and held her hand out to take his and a friendship was formed. It was a friendship that lasted all through college.
A．He asked if she would be his friend.
B．But she wanted to have someone to share secrets.
C．She tried to put up a brave face and smiled.
D．There wouldn't be a single person she knew there.
E．She said that her goal was to make just one good friend.
F．She knew she was sure to make friends with someone.
G．All students were asked to share a little about themselves.
Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It is often said that politeness costs nothing.In fact， 21 hearing the phrase “thank you” or “well done” means the same to employees as a modest pay 22 ，researchers say.
Praise and encouragement also 23 employees more likely to work hard and stay in their jobs, saving on the cost of finding 24 .
A third of 1,000 workers 25 said they did not get thanked at all when they did well, and a(n) 26 third said they were not thanked enough.
In both 27 ， the employees said they felt 28 ，meaning they were less likely to be 29 to their jobs and were more likely to look for employment elsewhere.
According to the survey, praising employees has the same 30 as a 1 percent pay rise, and works out much 31 for bosses.
Three out of four employees said that regular 32 by their bosses was important to them， 33 only a quarter said they were actually given as much praise 34 they felt they needed.Those doing manual (体力的) jobs were less likely to be given any 35 for doing well.
Scottish employees felt 36 undervalued, eight out of ten saying they would like more praise.However, workers in the northeast are less 37 by being buttered up by the boss, as only 69 percent said they felt the 38 to be told “well done” regularly.
The research found that words of praise did more than 39 a pleasant place to work — they could 40 increase profits.
21．A.properly B．consequently
C．insistently D．frequently
22．A.rise B．ride
C．surprise D．incident
23．A.forces B．catches
C．makes D．contributes
24．A.possibilities B．replacements
C．responsibilities D．disadvantages
25．A.surveyed B．reported
C．employed D．inspired
26．A.adequate B．total
C．special D．further
27．A.surveys B．cases
C．parts D．points
28．A.privileged B．favored
C．undervalued D．evaluated
29．A.caught B．attached
C．involved D．devoted
30．A.motivation B．advantage
C．development D．feeling
31．A.less convenient B．more likely
C．cheaper D．more expensive
32．A.inspection B．acknowledgement
C．commitment D．outlines
33．A.but B．otherwise
C．thus D．so
34．A.that B．when
C．while D．as
35．A.solution B．situation
C．recognition D．communication
36．A.least B．the less
C．the more D．most
37．A.charged B．impressed
C．delayed D．exploded
38．A.chance B．need
C．potential D．function
39．A.create B．demand
C．require D．restore
40．A.alone B．still
C．even D．yet
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As I looked around my house, I 41 (realize) it was time for a sale, so I came up with some cheap yet creative ways to make it a 42 (succeed)．
43 (luck), some of the kids in my neighborhood volunteered to take our signs and danced at the corner of the 44 (busy) road near the house with the signs.
Knowing that not many people could even afford 45 (shop) at yard sales, I made sure to keep the prices more reasonable. For example, something that would normally cost $20, I sold 46 $2 to $5.
By 47 (plan) the sale during the busiest time of the year in my city, I saved $25 for not advertising in our local paper.
I asked for some old shopping boxes from local department stores, with 48 I made the signs. This helped 49 I didn't need to spend any money on the signs.
With everything 50 (show) in the yard, I managed to make it look full and neat. Using tables would cost around $15 to $30, I used the boxes marked with the prices instead.
Ⅴ.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I joined in a program call the “Happy School” in the holidays. It was given to some volunteers from the universities in our city.There were many courses, included photography, painting, basketball training for us to choose from.These courses were intended to help us left behind middle school student in the countryside, our parents are working in other cities, make use of our holidays.The volunteers took good care of us, showed them how to do our homework and make sure of our safety.I learned a lot from the interested program.I will attend such programs again the next summer if there is some.
Ⅵ.书面表达(满分25分)
假如你是Jack Darwin，你的客户Li Ming给你写了一封信，内容如下：
Dear Jack，
I'm writing this letter to ask for a favor.I will visit England soon, but I know little about the culture of England.Please give me a hand.
Yours sincerely，
Li Ming
请给Li Ming回一封信，要点如下：
1．遵守靠左行走或驾驶的交通规则，出门带伞；
2．公共场合应注意的问题(如保持安静)；
3．和英国人交往要遵守的事项(如提前预约，尊重隐私)。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．信的格式、开头和结尾已写好，不计入总词数。可适当增加细节。
参考词汇： 预约appointment
Dear Li Ming，
It is a great chance to visit England.
Have a good time.
Yours sincerely，
Jack DarwinPAGE
第 13 页 共 13 页
单元质量检测（三）
(时间：100分钟 满分：120分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。
A
There are over 60 zoos in England. We have collected hundreds of reviews, checked the zoo websites, researched several zoo related resources and visited many of them by ourselves to give you this selection: 10 best zoos in England.
Chester ZooAmong top 15 zoos in the world, it is one of the most visited and largest zoos in England.
Whipsnade ZooWith more than 2,500 animals, it is one of the few UK zoos with elephants.
Marwell WildlifeFull of African and Australian animals, there is surely a lot to see within very large grounds.
Howletts Wild Animal ParkIt was set up as a private zoo at first and opened to the public later. The place looks very natural and you can get very close to the animals there.
Port Lympne Wild Animal ParkWith Britain's largest number of African elephants, it offers truly African experiences.
Colchester ZooWith 270 species, it is very child friendly and offers lots of hands on activities.
Twycross ZooIt holds what is supposed to be the world's largest collection of apes (猿). There are also rare leopard (美洲豹) species.
Bristol Zoo GardensThis is a 175 year old zoo with rare animals like fruit bats (果蝠)．
Paignton ZooAs home to a collection of around 2,000 animals and 1,600 plant species, it is one of the first places in England combining zoological and botanical (植物的) gardens.
London ZooAs one of the oldest zoos in the world, it is well worth a visit.
语篇解读：本文是应用文。文章向我们介绍了英国最好的10家动物园。
1．Marwell Wildlife would attract those who want to .
A．know more about elephants
B．visit the oldest zoo in England
C．see some rare animal species
D．watch African and Australian animals
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据“Marwell Wildlife”中介绍的“Full of African and Australian animals”可知，这家动物园有很多来自非洲和澳大利亚的动物，故答案选D。
2．Among the 10 zoos, the best one for children is .
A．Howletts Wild Animal Park
B．Colchester Zoo
C．Twycross Zoo
D．London Zoo
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据“Colchester Zoo”中介绍的“it is very child friendly and offers lots of hands on activities”可知，这家动物园最适合孩子，故答案选B。
3．The passage is meant to .
A．compare 10 zoos
B．attract kids to zoos
C．introduce 10 popular zoos
D．show the history of 10 zoos
解析：选C 写作意图题。根据文章首段内容可知，本文主要介绍了英国最好的10家动物园，故答案选C。
B
As a boy growing up in India, I had longed to travel abroad. I used to listen to the stories my father would tell me about his stay in Canada and tours to Europe in the 1970s, with great interest.
My big moment finally came in the summer of 1998 when I was able to accompany my parents to Europe, where my father was to attend a meeting. We planned to travel to Belgium, Netherlands and West Germany.
I have vivid memories even today of going to Mumbai airport at night all excited about finally going abroad. I had heard several great things about Lufthansa till then but now I finally got to experience them firsthand, during the flight to Frankfurt. We flew business class and even today I can remember the excellent service by the Lufthansa crew. The flight was really smooth and thoroughly enjoyable, even for someone like me, who is otherwise scared of flying.
After spending almost two weeks in Europe, we took the Lufthansa airport express from Dusseldorf to Frankfurt airport, for our return flight. What a journey that was! All along the Rhine (莱茵河), it was simply an unforgettable experience. I was in a sombre mood on the flight back to Mumbai as it marked the end of a wonderful vacation, but the Lufthansa crew members were able to change it into a most enjoyable experience yet again, with the quality of their service.
Being the first airline to take me overseas, Lufthansa will always hold a special place in my heart. Even today, I continue to enjoy flights on Lufthansa and simply cannot dream of choosing any other airline. Flying, in general, for me, has always been an ordeal (terrible and painful experience). Flying on Lufthansa, however, is something I always have and always will look forward to.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者给我们讲述了他第一次去欧洲的难忘旅行。
4．Which country does the author live in now
A．India. B．Canada.
C．Belgium. D．Germany.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第一段首句以及最后一段“Being the first airline to take me overseas ...”可分析，作者生活的国度是在印度(India)。故选A。
5．Which of the following is TRUE about the author's trip to Europe in 1998
A．The author traveled with one of his parents.
B．Both their going and return are by air.
C．They traveled in spring that year.
D．They stayed in Europe for nearly two months.
解析：选B 细节理解题。A项错在与事实“和父母双亲一起去的”不符；C项错在与事实“他们是在夏季去的”不符；D项错在与事实“在欧洲待了两个星期”不符。B项与文章吻合，故选B。
6．It can be inferred from the passage that Lufthansa is .
A．a city in India B．a city in Europe
C．an airline company D．a travel agency
解析：选C 推理判断题。通过后三段内容不难看出，此为一家航空公司的名称(德国汉莎航空公司)。故选C。
7．The underlined word “sombre” in the 4th paragraph probably means “ ”．
A．happy B．sad
C．angry D．enjoyable
解析：选B 词义猜测题。想到愉快的旅行就要结束，其心情自然不好，故选B项。根据后半句“但德国汉莎航空公司却以其高质量的服务使得‘我’这一返程旅行转变为“a most enjoyable experience”也可推知。
C
Children who drink alcohol with their parents are less likely to become problem boozers (狂饮者) in later life, a recent report claimed yesterday.
The survey of 10,000 teens aged 15 and 16 found 75 percent have drunk alcohol — but those who do it in moderation (适度地) at home are less likely to go on binges (狂饮)．
On the other hand, the findings rebut a recent call from charity Alcohol Concern for parents.Prof.Mark Belis, of Liverpool John Moores University, told Radio 4's Today programme that this would only make matters worse.
He said，“The key points are around people understanding alcohol, learning about alcohol, being set a good example by parents.Something that criminalises (宣布有罪) the parent is likely to stop these things happening.”
Teenagers who bought their own alcohol outside the home were also more likely to develop problems such as drinking in public places, the report found.It advised parents to keep pocket money below ￡10 a week.
Prof.Bellis，whose team carried out the survey in schools in the North West, added, “By the age of 14 the majority are drinking.”
The question is, “Are they learning in a proper environment or learning behind the bushes in a park or in a bar？”
“The chances are if they are in the latter position, they are learning to binge drink easily.”
语篇解读：和父母待在一起的孩子很少有酗酒的习惯；而在不利的环境或公共的场合下，孩子们最容易染上狂饮的习惯。
8．Which of the followings is TRUE according to the passage
A．The report says children who drink alcohol with their parents can become boozers in later life easily.
B．Prof.Mark Bellis thinks the findings help to prevent binge drink.
C．Children learn to binge drink in a proper environment as well as in a bad situation.
D．Prof.Mark Bellis thinks that parents should be a good model for children.
解析：选D 推理判断题。由第四段中“The key points are around ...being set a good example by parents.”可知D项正确，符合题意。A、B、C三项分别可从第一段、第三段和最后两段中找到其错误的依据。
9．The best title of the passage would probably be .
A．Home drink kids don't binge
B．A recent report on problem boozers
C．Parents are a good example for children
D．The prevention of binge drink
解析：选A 标题归纳题。从第一、二段可知，本文介绍了一份研究报告——在家和父母一起有节制地饮酒不会引起狂饮症。所以用研究报告的结论作为标题最为适当。此报告不是对狂饮者的调查研究，故B项错误。C、D项只是文章内容的一部分。
10．The underlined word“rebut”in the third paragraph probably means “ ”．
A．disagree with B．agree with
C．think well of D．explain clearly
解析：选A 词义猜测题。由“On the other hand(另一方面)”和“would only make matters worse.”可以推测出rebut的意思为“反驳，驳斥”，故A项为最佳答案。
11．According to Prof.Mark Bellis, in which situation do children learn to binge drink most easily
A．They are 14 years old.
B．They drink alcohol with parents.
C．They are in uncontrolled and free position.
D．They are in a proper environment.
解析：选C 推理判断题。最后一段中的“in the latter position”是指上文提到的“behind the bushes in a park or in a bar”，也就是指在不利的环境或公共的场合下，孩子们最容易染上狂饮的习惯。
D
America used to have a strong college education system for prison inmates (prisoners). It was seen as a way to rehabilitate men and women in prison by helping them go straight when they got out.
Those taxpayer supported college classes were put to an end in the 1990s. But New York Governor Andrew Cuomo would like to bring them back in the state, setting off a fierce new debate.
A number of lawmakers in New York have promised to kill Cuomo's proposal (提议)．
Cuomo says reintroducing taxpayer funded college classes in New York's prisons is a common sense plan that will reduce the number of inmates who commit new crimes.
“You pay $60,000 for a prison cell for a year，” Cuomo responded. “You put a guy away for 10 years, and that's $600,000. Right now, chances are almost half. Once he's set free, he's going to come right back.”
Cuomo says helping inmates get a college education would cost about $5,000 a year per person. He argues, “It's a small amount of money if it keeps that inmate from bouncing back into prison.”
But even some members of the governor's own party hate this idea. State Assemblywoman Addie Russell, whose upstate district includes three state prisons, says taxpayers just won't stand for inmates getting a free college education, while middle class families struggle to pay for their kids' college fees.
“That is the vast majority of feedback (反馈) that I'm also getting from my constituents (选民)，” she says. “You know, ‘Where is the relief for the rest of the population who obey the law？’”
“I was very disappointed that the policy had been changed，” says Gerald Gaes, who served as an expert on college programs for the Federal Bureau of Prisons in the 1990s. In 1994, President Clinton stopped federal student aid programs for inmates.
Gaes says research shows that college classes actually save taxpayers' money over time, by reducing the number of inmates who break the law and wind up back in those expensive prison cells.
“It is cost effective，” he says. “Designing prisons that way will have a long term benefit for New York State.”
语篇解读：本文是议论文。美国纽约州正在激烈辩论是否应该向犯人提供高等教育的问题。
12．The underlined word “rehabilitate” probably means “ ”．
A．let people know more about prisoners
B．help someone have a normal life again
C．allow prisoners to experience the world
D．encourage someone to help other people
解析：选B 词义猜测题。联系全文主旨，由第一段的“helping them go straight when they got out”可以推断，rehabilitate应该是“使某人重新恢复正常生活”的意思。
13．What is the debate about
A．Lawmakers' rights in New York.
B．College classes for New York's citizens.
C．Higher education in New York's prisons.
D．Punishments given to New York's criminals.
解析：选C 推理判断题。由第二至第四段可知，这是一场关于纽约州监狱内高等教育问题的辩论。
14．Cuomo does the calculations to prove .
A．almost half of prisoners are likely to come back into prison
B．college classes for inmates can save taxpayers' money
C．the costs of running prisons in the US are on the rise
D．it is very difficult to reduce the number of inmates
解析：选B 推理判断题。由第五、六两段可知，Cuomo州长进行这些估算是为了证明面向犯人的大学课程能够为纳税人省钱。
15．Most of Russell's constituents believe Cuomo's proposal .
A．is unfair to middle class families
B．will benefit citizens obeying laws
C．will be useless for improving prisons
D．is based on most taxpayers' feedback
解析：选A 细节理解题。由第七、八两段可知，大多数Russell的选民认为Cuomo州长的提议对中产阶级家庭不公平。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There was a time when Whitney didn't have many friends. She was a bit shy. She never really wanted to be popular. 16 All through high school, she just slipped in and out of “light” friendships where she didn't find much comfort (安慰)．
When it was time to go to college, Whitney was quite nervous. She was going to be rooming with someone she didn't know and living in a town 300 miles away from home. 17 She had no idea how she was going to make friends in a new environment.
Something that happened in the first class at college changed Whitney's life. 18 The question for each student was always the same, “What is your goal (目标) for this class？” Most of the students said it was to get a good grade or something similar, but Whitney said something different. 19
While most of the students sat in silence, one student came to Whitney, held out his hand and introduced himself. 20 The whole room was silent — all eyes focused on Whitney and the hand just in front of her. She smiled and held her hand out to take his and a friendship was formed. It was a friendship that lasted all through college.
A．He asked if she would be his friend.
B．But she wanted to have someone to share secrets.
C．She tried to put up a brave face and smiled.
D．There wouldn't be a single person she knew there.
E．She said that her goal was to make just one good friend.
F．She knew she was sure to make friends with someone.
G．All students were asked to share a little about themselves.
答案：16～20 BDGEA
Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It is often said that politeness costs nothing.In fact， 21 hearing the phrase “thank you” or “well done” means the same to employees as a modest pay 22 ，researchers say.
Praise and encouragement also 23 employees more likely to work hard and stay in their jobs, saving on the cost of finding 24 .
A third of 1,000 workers 25 said they did not get thanked at all when they did well, and a(n) 26 third said they were not thanked enough.
In both 27 ， the employees said they felt 28 ，meaning they were less likely to be 29 to their jobs and were more likely to look for employment elsewhere.
According to the survey, praising employees has the same 30 as a 1 percent pay rise, and works out much 31 for bosses.
Three out of four employees said that regular 32 by their bosses was important to them， 33 only a quarter said they were actually given as much praise 34 they felt they needed.Those doing manual (体力的) jobs were less likely to be given any 35 for doing well.
Scottish employees felt 36 undervalued, eight out of ten saying they would like more praise.However, workers in the northeast are less 37 by being buttered up by the boss, as only 69 percent said they felt the 38 to be told “well done” regularly.
The research found that words of praise did more than 39 a pleasant place to work — they could 40 increase profits.
语篇解读：一项研究表明，老板对员工的表扬能提高员工工作的积极性，并有利于稳定人心。然而，老板们对表扬员工似乎比较吝啬，有些员工说，即使他们工作表现出色，也没得到过老板的赞赏。
21．A.properly B．consequently
C．insistently D．frequently
解析：选D 从语境和选项看，这里用frequently表示“经常”。
22．A.rise B．ride
C．surprise D．incident
解析：选A 这里用a pay rise表示“涨工资，加薪”。句意：对员工来说，经常听到“谢谢”或“做得好”等话与适度加薪具有同样意义。
23．A.forces B．catches
C．makes D．contributes
解析：选C 从句子结构看，这里用了make＋宾语＋形容词宾补；从含义看，这里表示“赞扬和鼓励也更能使员工积极工作，有利于稳定人心。”
24．A.possibilities B．replacements
C．responsibilities D．disadvantages
解析：选B 语境说经常表扬员工，他们在自己的工作岗位上干的时间就更长，这样一来就节约了因为“替换”员工而带来的成本。从句意的连贯判断选B表示“替代者，接替者”。
25．A.surveyed B．reported
C．employed D．inspired
解析：选A 从语境可知，本文谈论的是一次调查的结果，因此选A。在被调查的一千名员工中，三分之一的人说，即使他们工作表现出色，也没得到过老板的一句感谢。
26．A.adequate B．total
C．special D．further
解析：选D 前面提到被调查的人中三分之一的情况，这里叙述的是另外三分之一的人，用形容词further表示“附加的”。
27．A.surveys B．cases
C．parts D．points
解析：选B 此处表示“在前面提到的那两种情形中”，用case表示“情形，事例”。survey“调查”；part“部分”；point“要点”。
28．A.privileged B．favored
C．undervalued D．evaluated
解析：选C 从前面叙述的这两种情形看，他们都觉得自己即使工作表现出色，也没得到过或者没有得到足够的感谢，可见他们觉得自己没得到足够的重视，undervalue表示“低估”。
29．A.caught B．attached
C．involved D．devoted
解析：选D 从搭配和句意判断用be devoted to表示“投入，致力于做某事”。这意味着他们的工作积极性很可能会降低，而且换工作的可能性增大。
30．A.motivation B．advantage
C．development D．feeling
解析：选A 表扬员工，这与1%的加薪具有同样的激励作用。advantage“优势”；development“发展”；feeling“感觉”都不如motivation“激励”更符合语境。
31．A.less convenient B．more likely
C．cheaper D．more expensive
解析：选C 从语境看，表扬员工所起到的作用就像给他们加薪一样，而这样的表扬不会让老板掏腰包，更便宜。此句呼应了本文的开头：politeness costs nothing。
32．A.inspection B．acknowledgement
C．commitment D．outlines
解析：选B 回应本文的主题，这里说对员工来说，经常得到老板的认可(表扬)对于他们来说很重要。用acknowledgement表示“承认，感谢”。inspection“视察”； commitment“承诺”； outlines“轮廓，梗概”。
33．A.but B．otherwise
C．thus D．so
解析：选A 语境表示转折含义：四分之三的员工称，经常得到老板的认可对他们来说很重要；而仅有四分之一的人认为自己得到了应有的认可。
34．A.that B．when
C．while D．as
解析：选D 这里用as与前面构成比较结构as much praise as，本空的as引导比较状语从句。他们觉得自己得到了需要的表扬。
35．A.solution B．situation
C．recognition D．communication
解析：选C 而从事体力劳动的员工即使自己的工作做得很好，他们也很少得到老板的认可。用recognition表示“认可，认同”。
36．A.least B．the less
C．the more D．most
解析：选D 从语境看，这里表示苏格兰员工觉得自己的能力最被低估，与下文照应。
37．A.charged B．impressed
C．delayed D．exploded
解析：选B 苏格兰员工说他们需要更多的表扬，而英国东北部地区的员工不太容易被老板的赞扬打动。用impress表示“使铭记，给某人留下印象”。
38．A.chance B．need
C．potential D．function
解析：选B 与前面的“英国东北部的员工不太容易被老板的赞扬打动”照应，在这里，只有69%的人觉得有必要经常得到老板的赞扬。
39．A.create B．demand
C．require D．restore
解析：选A 老板的赞美不仅仅是营造了一个愉快的工作环境。用create表示“创造”。
40．A.alone B．still
C．even D．yet
解析：选C 这里用副词even加强语气，表示“甚至”。这些表扬的话甚至还能为公司增加利润。
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As I looked around my house, I 41 (realize) it was time for a sale, so I came up with some cheap yet creative ways to make it a 42 (succeed)．
43 (luck), some of the kids in my neighborhood volunteered to take our signs and danced at the corner of the 44 (busy) road near the house with the signs.
Knowing that not many people could even afford 45 (shop) at yard sales, I made sure to keep the prices more reasonable. For example, something that would normally cost $20, I sold 46 $2 to $5.
By 47 (plan) the sale during the busiest time of the year in my city, I saved $25 for not advertising in our local paper.
I asked for some old shopping boxes from local department stores, with 48 I made the signs. This helped 49 I didn't need to spend any money on the signs.
With everything 50 (show) in the yard, I managed to make it look full and neat. Using tables would cost around $15 to $30, I used the boxes marked with the prices instead.
答案：41.realized 42.success 43.Luckily 44.busiest 45.to shop 46.for 47.planning 48.which 49.because
50．shown
Ⅴ.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I joined in a program call the “Happy School” in the holidays. It was given to some volunteers from the universities in our city.There were many courses, included photography, painting, basketball training for us to choose from.These courses were intended to help us left behind middle school student in the countryside, our parents are working in other cities, make use of our holidays.The volunteers took good care of us, showed them how to do our homework and make sure of our safety.I learned a lot from the interested program.I will attend such programs again the next summer if there is some.
答案：第一句：call→called
第二句：to→by
第三句：included→including; basketball前加and
第四句：student→students; our→whose
第五句：them→us; make→made
第六句：interested→interesting
第七句：some→any
Ⅵ.书面表达(满分25分)
假如你是Jack Darwin，你的客户Li Ming给你写了一封信，内容如下：
Dear Jack，
I'm writing this letter to ask for a favor.I will visit England soon, but I know little about the culture of England.Please give me a hand.
Yours sincerely，
Li Ming
请给Li Ming回一封信，要点如下：
1．遵守靠左行走或驾驶的交通规则，出门带伞；
2．公共场合应注意的问题(如保持安静)；
3．和英国人交往要遵守的事项(如提前预约，尊重隐私)。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．信的格式、开头和结尾已写好，不计入总词数。可适当增加细节。
参考词汇： 预约appointment
Dear Li Ming，
It is a great chance to visit England.
Have a good time.
Yours sincerely，
Jack Darwin
参考范文：
Dear Li Ming，
It is a great chance to visit England.Just take the following points into account and you will find your vacation comfortable.
First, you should adapt yourself to driving and walking on the left, which is the basic rule of British traffic.Besides, you'd better get into the habit of bringing an umbrella when going out as the weather there is changeable.Second，please keep quiet even in public places like supermarkets because noise is offensive there.Also, remember to keep some distance when talking with British people since they don't like to be too close to others.Third, every time you are going to see a doctor or visit a friend, you'd better make an appointment ahead of time.By the way, it is a good thing to bring a small gift.Last but not least, it is very impolite to ask questions about one's privacy, which will easily cause misunderstanding.
Have a good time.
Yours sincerely，
Jack Darwin
