牛津译林版（2019）必修第三册Unit1 Nature in the balance Reading Language points课件(14张ppt)

(共14张PPT)
Unit 1
Nature in the balance
Reading(2)
Language Points
Para.1
1.Welcome to the jungle, a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals.
译文：欢迎来到丛林，这是一片绿色的海洋，处处都可以听到各种动物的声音。
a huge sea of 大量的，许多
be alive with 充满着， 到处都是
e.g., It also preserves a huge amount of information about past temperatures, rainfall and sea levels.那里也保存了大量关于古代气温、降雨两和海平面高度的信息。
e.g., Two years ago, the Copenhagen climate summit was alive with the belief that an agreement would be reached.
两年前，哥本哈根气候高峰会还抱有将达成一份协议的信念。
Para.2
译文：亚马孙雨林的面积约为600万平方千米，比中国国土面积的一半还要大。
2. With an area of around 6 million square kilometers, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China. (page 2, lines 4–7)
注：倍数的表达
倍数+the height/weight/length/size of
倍数+as +adj/adv(long/high/large)+ as
倍数+adj/adv的比较级 than …
A + 谓语动词 +
Para.2
译文：亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河，亚马孙河长约6,400千米，比长江还长大约100千米。
3. The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometres in length—roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River.
注：
from which引导非限定性定语从句，结构为介词+关系代词的结构。主句为：The Amazon River is close to 6,400 kilometres in length. 从句为：the rainforest gets its name，其中get its name from 为固定搭配，介词提前，构成了from which.
Para.3
4.This tall and ancient brazil nut tree produces nuts that we can eat; these water lilies are big enough to lie down on. The forest’s different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife.
译文：这棵高大、古老的巴西坚果树结出我们可以食用的坚果；这些睡莲（叶片）大到可以躺在上面。雨林的不同层次养活的野生动物种类多到难以置信。
。
vary v. 相异,不同,各种各样的
vary from…to… 由……到……不等
vary with 随……变化
various adj. 各种各样的
e.g., He directed various TV shows.他导演过各种电视节目。
Para.3
5. At the bottom, there is a system of roots beneath the ground. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.
注：谓语放在主语前面构成全部倒装句
1.表示时间、地点和动作转移的副词如here、there、up、down、in、away、out、off、now、then等置于句首时。
Out of the cave rushed a tiger. 从山洞中冲出一只老虎。
2.Such作表语置于句首时，全部倒装
Such was Albert Einstein, a simple but great man.
这就是阿尔伯特爱因斯坦，一个简单而伟大的人
译文：在底层是地下根系，往上是阴暗森林地表厚实的落叶层。再往上一层由较矮的阔叶植物组成。
Para.3
5. At the bottom, there is a system of roots beneath the ground. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.
译文：在底层是地下根系，往上是阴暗森林地表厚实的落叶层。再往上一层由较矮的阔叶植物组成。
注：谓语放在主语前面构成全部倒装句
3.表示地点的介词短语开头的句子，全部倒装。
On the back wall hangs a picture.后墙上挂着一幅画。
4.为了保持句子的平衡，可以将作表语的介词短语、形容词、副词或分词提到句首，引起全部倒装。
Present at the concert were many famous actors.
很多著名的演员都出席了音乐会。
Para.3
6.Each level of the forest forms its own little world, which is home to different kinds of living things.
译文：雨林的每一层都形成自己的小世界，成为各种生物的家。
注：
which 引导非限定性定语从句，主句为Each level of the forest forms its own little world, 从句为is home to different kinds of living things， 从句部分缺少主语，主句中的own little world为先行词，充当主句的主语部分，且先行词为物，用which指代。
Para.4
7. It has a yellowish-brown coat with black spots.While a significant number of jaguars survive here, there are only one element of this forest’s food chain.
译文：它黄棕色的皮毛上遍布着黑点。尽管相当多的美洲豹生存在这里，但它们仅仅是雨林食物链上的一环.
survive vt. 比…活的时间长
survival n. 生存；幸存
survivor n. 幸存者；生还者
e.g., The urge to survive drove them on.求生的欲望驱使他们继续下去。
Para.4
8. When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth.
译文：当一只美洲豹死后，一小群微生物会帮助分解尸体，让营养素重回土壤中。
break down 分解
(2) (机器或车辆)出毛病 e.g. Their car broke down.
(3) (讨论、关系或系统) 失败，破裂 e.g., Jack's marriage broke down.
(4) 崩溃:e.g. He broke down and cried when he heard the news.
Para.5
译文：随着人类活动影响的不断增加，濒危物种的名单越来越长，这留给我们一个问题：我们能承担得起损害“地球之肺”的后果吗？
9. As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”
注：
本句是主从复合句。as引导时间状语从句。从句中and连接两个并列句。
afford to do sth 负担得起做某事
can’t afford to do sth 不能负担得起做某事
Practice
The Amazon rainforest is home to a great (1) of plant life; however, its soil is surprisingly poor in nutrients. In fact, the soil in the region cannot support (2) for more than a few years. If a scientist is shown a report listing the nutrients of that soil, he or she will probably think that only desert plants can (3) in it! Then why is the soil so poor in nutrients For one thing, the rainy season has a(n) (4) on the soil. In the rainy season, the water level can rise to as high as 12 metres. When the water goes away, it takes away the nutrients in the soil. For another thing,
variety
agriculture
survive
impact
Practice
(5) the Amazon’s hot climate, it is difficult for the soil to build up enough nutrients. Dead plants and animals (6) ______________ more quickly. The nutrients are soon taken in by the roots of the plants deep (7)_________ the ground. As a result, most of the forest’s nutrients are locked up in the plants themselves, (8) ________ allowing them to grow at an unbelievable speed.
due to
are broken down
beneath
thus
Thanks