人教版八年级上册Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister Section A 学案（含答案）

学案
课 题 Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister 年 级 初二 Section A
学习目标 掌握本单元重点词汇和重点语法并在试题中运用
重点、难点及考点 易混词汇辨析，比较级的运用句型及同义替换
教学内容
T(检测) 一、词汇拓展 1.both adj. & pron. 两个；两个都 → __________ adj. & pron. 所有的；全体 2.loudly adv. 喧闹地；大声地；响亮地 → __________ adj. 喧闹的；大声的；响亮的 → __________ adj. 更喧闹的（比较级） 3.quietly adv. 轻声地；轻柔地；安静地 → __________ adj. 轻声的；轻柔的；安静的 → __________ adj. 更安静的（比较级） 4.hard-working adj. 工作努力的；辛勤的 → __________ adj. 更辛勤的（比较级） → ________________ 努力工作 → __________________困难的工作 5.competition n. 比赛；竞赛；竞争 → __________ v. 比赛 6.clearly adv. 清楚地；清晰地；明白地 → __________ adv. 更清楚地（比较级） → __________adj. 清楚的 7.win v. 获胜；赢；赢得 → __________ n. 获胜者 8.talented adj. 有才能的；有才干的 → __________ n. 天才；天赋 9.true adj. 真实的；正确的 → __________ adv. 真实地 10.care v. 在意；担忧；关心 → __________ adj. 小心的 → __________ adv. 小心地 → __________ adj. 不小心的；粗心的 → __________ adv. 粗心地 → __________ n. 粗心 11.touch v. 感动；触摸 → __________ adj. 受感动 → __________ adj. 动人的 12.break v.（使）破；裂；碎；损坏 → __________ v. （使）破；碎；损坏（过去式） → __________ adj. 破损的 二、英汉互译 13.在……有天赋 __________________ 14.关心；在意__________________ 15. as long as __________________ 16.与……不同__________________ 17.使显现；使表现出__________________ 18.the same as __________________ 19.确切地说，事实上__________________ 20.与……相似的__________________ 21.primary school __________________ 答案： 1. all 2.loud; louder 3.quiet; quieter 4. more hard-working; work hard; hard work 5.compete 6.more clearly; clear 7. winner 8.talent 9.truly 10.careful; carefully; careless; carelessly; carelessness 11.touched; touching 12.broke; broken 13.be talented in ... 14. care about 15.只要 16.be different from 17.bring out 18. 与……相同 19.in fact 20.be similar to 21.小学
S（归纳） (一) 重点句型 1. Both Sam and Tom can play the drums, but Sam plays them better than Tom. 萨姆和汤姆都会打鼓，但是萨姆比汤姆打得要好一些。 both (1) 表示“两者都”， both用在含有be动词的句中，应放在be动词的后面；用在含有行为动词的句中，应放在行为动词的前面， (2) both…and…表示“两者都”，both...and在句中连接并列成分，如主语、谓语、表语、宾语等，位置比较灵活。 E.g. Both New York and London have traffic problems. (连接主语) The secretary both speaks and writes Spanish.(连接谓语) 【考例】My parents ________ doctors. 　　 A. both are　　 B. all are 　　C. are all　　 D. are both 　　 拓展：all表示“三者或三者以上全都”的意思，every指三个以上的人或物(含三个)，each指两个以上的人或物(含两个)。　 练习：用all, both, every, each填空 1) My brothers and I are all at school. 2) Every/ Each student may have one book. 3) Both Tom and Jim are my good friends. 4) Three students are flying kites, they are all in Class 1. . 2. You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win, though. 不过，你能看得出来，丽萨确实想赢。 (1) win此处用作不及物动词，意为“赢；获胜”；win还可用作及物动词，意为“赢得；在……中获胜”，此时其后的宾语为比赛的项目、奖品或战争等。 E.g. He won the first prize. Who won the race？ 辨析：win与beat ① win表示“赢得；获胜”，用作及物动词时，其宾语为比赛的项目、奖品或战争等。 E.g. We won the basketball game. ② beat表示“打赢；战胜”，用于比赛时，其宾语为所战胜的对手。 E.g. Li Lei beat all the runners in the 100-metre race. (2) though此处作副词，意为“不过；可是；然而”，通常用于句末，前面用逗号与句子隔开。 E.g. Jim said that he would come; he didn’t, though. 拓展：though作连词，意为“虽然；尽管”，相当于although。 E.g. Though he has no money, he lives very happily. 注意：although/though与but不能同时出现在一个句子中。 E.g. Though he has no money, he lives very happily. =He has no money, but he lives very happily. 3. But the most important thing is to learn something new and have fun. 但是最重要的是学到一些新东西并获得乐趣。 (1) the most important意为“最重要的”，是important的最高级形式。 important的比较级为more important，形容词的最高级形式前必须有定冠词the。 E.g. I think English is the most important of all the subjects. The most important thing is to work hard. (2) have fun意为“获得乐趣；玩得高兴”。 E.g. It’s a good place to have fun. 拓展：have fun doing sth.意为“做某事很有趣”。 E.g. Did you have fun visiting that country？ 4. ....truly cares about me... care about 关心，在意 take care当心 take care of 照顾 练习：用适当的词组填空 1) Your mother truly____________you. 2) He has to ____________ his sister. 3) ____________ not to fall into the river. 5. I think a good friend makes me laugh. 我认为好朋友会让我发笑。 (1) make sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事” E.g. His father always makes him get up before five o’clock. 拓展：make的用法： ① make加名词 make food 做饭　 make the bed 铺床　 make money 赚钱 ② make + sb./sth. + adj. 使某人感到……；使……处于某种状态 E.g. The soft music makes Tina sleepy. ③ make sb./sth. + n. 使某人成为…… E.g. The party made her a good teacher. ④ make sb./sth. + 过去分词 让某人被…… E.g. I made myself understood by all the students. ⑤ make sb./sth. + do sth. 使某人做某事(不能带不定式符号to) E.g. Wars make the peace go away. 　 注意：当make用于被动语态时，必须带不定式符号to. E.g. We were made to work all night. I was made to repeat the story. (2) 辨析：laugh与smile ① laugh一般表示“出声地(大)笑”，不但有面部表情，而且还有声音。 laugh at...意为“嘲笑……；因……而发笑”。 E.g. Don’t laugh when you have a meal. ② smile一般表示“无声地微笑”，指的是面部表情。 smile at...意为“向……微笑”。 E.g. He smiled at me. 6. Yes, and a good friend is talented in music, too. talented为形容词，意为“有才能的，有才干的”，其比较级形式为more talented。be talented in为固定搭配，表示“在……方面有天赋”。 E.g. She is a talented musician. 她是一名天才音乐家。 The boy is talented in dancing. 这个男孩很有舞蹈天赋。 7. I’m quieter and more serious than most kids. 我比大多数的孩子更文静更稳重。 (1) serious 为形容词，意为“严肃的；稳重的”。 E.g. My math teacher is very serious in class. 拓展：① nothing serious意为“没有什么严重的”。 ② be serious about... 意为“对……认真”。 E.g. Is she serious about giving up her job？ 8. I’m shy so it’s not easy for me to make friends. 我很腼腆。因此对我来说交朋友不是很容易。 “It’s+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”是固定结构，意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”。结构中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。句中的形容词为描述事物特征的词，如difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous，necessary，possible等。 E.g. It’s very important for us to eat a lot of vegetables every day. It’s dangerous for a child to stay at home alone. 9. But I think friends are like books—you don’t need a lot of them as long as they’re good. 但是我认为朋友就像书一样——你不需要很多。只要它们好就行。 as long as意为“只要；既然”，引导条件状语从句，主句为一般将来时或含有情态动词can时，所引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。 e.g.You can leave here as long as you tell the truth. You will get good grades as long as you work hard. 10. I don’t really care if my friends are the same as me or different. 我真的不介意我的朋友是与我一样还是不同 if作连词，意为“是否”，引导宾语从句，常用于ask，know，wonder，find out等动词(短语)之后。 E.g. I don’t know if he is at home. He asks me if I like music. 11. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. 真正的朋友是一个可以援手帮助并感动你心扉的人。 (1) reach for sth.意为“伸手取某物”，reach此处作不及物动词，意为“伸手”。 E.g. He reaches for the box, but he is too short. 拓展：reach作及物动词，意为“到达；抵达”。 E.g. When will you reach Beijing？ 辨析：reach, get to与arrive ① reach为及物动词，后面直接接宾语。 E.g. They reached Hangzhou yesterday. ② get to后接地点名词，如果接there，here或home等地点副词，to必须省略。 E.g. How did you get to the station？ ③ arrive为不及物动词，后接地点名词时必须加介词at或in。到达国家、城市等大的地方用in，到迭学校、商店等小的地方用at。接there，here或home等地点副词时不用介词in或at。 E.g. I arrived at the company three hours ago. They arrived in Hangzhou yesterday. (2) touch及物动词，意为“感动；触摸”。 E.g. The sad story touched us. He touched his son’s head lightly. 12.That’s Tara, isn’t it 那是泰拉，难道不是吗？ 反意疑问句 反意疑问句是一个陈述句加上一个短问句而构成的。反意疑问句的基本构成是：前半部分是陈述句，后半部分是简略的问句。前半部分用肯定形式时，后半部分用be动词或动词的否定形式，当前半部分为否定形式时，后半部分用be动词或助动词的肯定形式。疑问部分的主语用代词替代，答语与事实保持一致。 This is your book, isn’t it 这是你的书，难道不是吗？ Jim likes English, doesn’t he 吉姆喜欢英语，不是吗 Your sister didn’t go to the park, did she 你的妹妹没有去公园，是吗？ 二、重点语法 1、比较级的用法 ：比较级用于两者（人或物）之间的比较，突出其中一个所比较的人或物。 Eg.Tom is taller than Jack. 2、比较级的构成： 构成方法原级比较级单音节单词及部分双音节词一般在词尾加-ertall smalltaller smaller在以字母e结尾的形容词后加-rnice largenicer larger在以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词后，先改y为i再加-erheavy happyheavier happier重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母时，先双写辅音字母再加-erbig slim thin fat hotbigger slimmer thinner fatter hotter部分双音节词及多音节词在词的前面加moreexpensive beautifulmore expensive more beautiful不规则变化good/well-better; bad/badly - worse; many/much - more; little - less
比较级的用法: (一)当两个人或事物（A和B）进行比较时，我们需要用到形容词（副词）的原级或者比较级 表达“A和B一样”，用as…as的结构。 公式: A+be动词+as+形容词原级+as…+B A+实义动词+as+副词原级+as…+B Eg I am as tall as you.我和你一样高。 He runs as fast as I. 他跑得和我一样快。 2．表达“A不如B”用not as…as的结构。 公式: A+be动词的否定形式+as+形容词原级+as…+B A+助词的否定形式+动词+as+副词原级+as…+B Eg. I am not as tall as you.我没有你高。 He doesn’t run as fast as I. 他没有我跑得快。 3.表达“A大于B”用“比较级+than”的结构。比较双方必须是同一类的，即人与人比较，物与物比较。 公式: A+be动词+形容词比较级+than+B… A+实义动词+副词比较级+than+B… Eg I am taller than you.我比你高。 He runs faster than I. 他跑得比我快。 My bike is newer than Tom’s. 我的自行车比汤姆的新。 The weather of Kunming is much better than that of Shenyang. 4．比一比，填一填 She is taller than _any other _ girl in her class. He is taller than ____any___ girl in his class. Shanghai is bigger than ___any other___ city in China. China is larger than ____any_______ country in Africa. 总结：若同一类或物在同一范围内进行比较，须用“any other+ 单数名词”。 但是，若比较范围不同，然而应用“any+ 可数名词的单数形式. 比较级前的修饰语 5. 填一填，选一选。 Tom is the taller of the two brothers. Tom is __taller__than his brother. ( tall) She is _ __the cleverer____ of the two. A. the cleverest B. the cleverer C. cleverer D. cleverest 总结：当比较级句型中出现of the two结构时，形容词比较级前必须用定冠词，而不用than。 6. 为了加强语气，说明修饰程度的不同，可在比较级前加much, a lot, a little，a bit , even等修饰词。 Eg Our room is much bigger than theirs.. 我们的房间比他们的大多了。 You run much faster than he does. 你跑得比他快多了。 (二)、关于形容词、副词比较级的更多用法 1．“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。 It is getting warmer and warmer．天气越来越暖和。 He is running faster and faster．他跑得越来越快。 0ur country is becoming more and more beautiful．我们祖国越来越美了。 2．“the more…， the more…”表示“越……，就越……”， The more，the better.多多益善。 The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you will make.你越细心，犯错就越少。 （三）、运用形容词、副词比较级应当注意的问题： (1)、按语法规则，than后面的人称代词应当用主格，但口语当中有时会用宾格代替主格。 Eg He is more careful than I (me). (2)、只有同类的事物才能比较 Eg Her bag is bigger than mine. 不能说 Her bag is bigger than I. The weather of Kunming is much better than that of Shenyang. 不能说The weather of Kunming is much better than Shenyang.
E(典例) 一、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Bob is younger (young) than Fred but taller (tall) than Fred. 2.Lyn is not as tall (tall) as Ivy. 3.Almost all the students faces are the same but Li Deming looks fatter (fat) than before. 4.Which is heavier (heavy) , a hen or a chicken 5.—How tall (tall) is Sally —She’s 1.55 meters tall (tall). What about Xiao ling —She’s only 1.40 meters tall (tall). She is much shorter (short) than Sally. She is also the shorter (short) girl in the class. 6. Miss Chen is more popular than Mr. Wang . (popular) 7.Mr. Lin is sadder than Mr . Brown. (sad) 8.The basketball is bigger than the baseball. (big) 9.Question A is more important than Question B. (important) 10.A rose is more beautiful than a weed(野草) (beautiful)
P（练习） 一、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1.Yesterday was even colder .(cold) 2.Tom is heavy , Jack is as heavy (heavy) as Tom. 3.Which do you like better (well), this one or that one 4.Mike is the thinner (thin) of the two brothers. 5.Your sweater is much more expensive than ______ (I). 6.He is younger (young) than his two sisters. 7.He is bad (bad) at learning math. He is much worse (bad) at Chinese and he is the worse (bad) at English. 8.An orange is a little bigger (big) than an apple, but much smaller (small) than a watermelon. 二、完成句子： 1.她看起来不如玛丽年轻。 She doesn’t look as young as Mary. 2.杰克的父亲比母亲大一岁。 Jack’s father is one year older than her mother. 3.我们的教室比他们的明亮得多。 Our classroom is much brighter than theirs. 4.当心！ 这条路越来越危险。 Look out! The mad is becoming more and more dangerous. 5.天气越来越热了。 The weather is getting hotter and hotter . 6.你锻炼越多，你就越健康。 The more you exercise, the healthier you will be. 7.他比他的两个哥哥都高。 He is taller than his two brothers. 8.英语是这两门课程中最有趣的。 English is the most interesting of the two subjects. 三、任务型阅读 Do you know "World Reading Day" It is on April 23rd. It is the eighteenth "World Reading Day". As we know books are very important for us. In Germany, more than 70% of the people like reading: They often read. They read in their homes. They read in libraries. They read in parks. They even read in hospitals. Parents often read books for kids. It is easy to buy books in Germany. There are many bookshops in Germany. They are in big cities and small town. A bookshop can sell many books every day. Germans also like to buy books on the Internet. More and more people buy books on the Internet. In Germany, people often have reading parties. They are happy at the parties. Do you love reading Hope you enjoy it! 1.April 23rd is ______________________. 2.How many people like reading in Germany ______________________________________________________ 3.Is it difficult to buy books in Germany ______________________________________________________ 4.Germans often have reading parties. 5. ___________________________________________.
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